1
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Komenda J, Sobotka R, Nixon PJ. The biogenesis and maintenance of PSII: Recent advances and current challenges. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3997-4013. [PMID: 38484127 PMCID: PMC11449106 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
The growth of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria relies on the catalytic activity of the oxygen-evolving PSII complex, which uses solar energy to extract electrons from water to feed into the photosynthetic electron transport chain. PSII is proving to be an excellent system to study how large multi-subunit membrane-protein complexes are assembled in the thylakoid membrane and subsequently repaired in response to photooxidative damage. Here we summarize recent developments in understanding the biogenesis of PSII, with an emphasis on recent insights obtained from biochemical and structural analysis of cyanobacterial PSII assembly/repair intermediates. We also discuss how chlorophyll synthesis is synchronized with protein synthesis and suggest a possible role for PSI in PSII assembly. Special attention is paid to unresolved and controversial issues that could be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Komenda
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, S. Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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2
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Fu M, Qiao Z, Zhou S, Han Y, Ling S, Peng C, Zhang W, Wu J. Five coexisting brominated flame retardants in a water-sediment-Vallisneria system: Bioaccumulation and effects on oxidative stress and photosynthesis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173230. [PMID: 38750745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of various brominated flame retardants (BFRs) is concurrence, while their environmental fate and toxicology in water-sediment-submerged plant systems remain unclear. In this study, Vallisneria natans plants were co-exposed to 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromotoluene (PBT), hexabromobenzene (HBB), 1,2-bis (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209), and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE). The ∑BFRs concentration in the root was 2.15 times higher than that in the shoot. Vallisneria natans accumulated more BTBPE and HBB in 0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg treatments, while they accumulated more DBDPE and BDE209 in 25 and 50 mg/kg treatments. The bioaccumulation factors in the shoot and root were 1.08-96.95 and 0.04-0.70, respectively. BFRs in sediments had a more pronounced effect on bioaccumulation levels than BFRs in water, and biotranslocation was another potential influence factor. The SOD activity, POD activity, and MDA content were significantly increased under co-exposure. The DBDPE separate exposure impacted the metabolism of substances and energy, inhibited mismatch repair, and disrupted ribosomal functions in Vallisneria natans. However, DBDPE enhanced their photosynthesis by upregulating the expression level of genes related to the light reaction. This study provides a broader understanding of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of BFRs in submerged plants, shedding light on the scientific management of products containing BFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Fu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shanqi Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanna Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Siyuan Ling
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Shanghai Yaxin Urban Construction Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China.
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3
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Mao Z, Li X, Li Z, Shen L, Li X, Yang Y, Wang W, Kuang T, Shen JR, Han G. Structure and distinct supramolecular organization of a PSII-ACPII dimer from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4535. [PMID: 38806516 PMCID: PMC11133340 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptophyte algae are an evolutionarily distinct and ecologically important group of photosynthetic unicellular eukaryotes. Photosystem II (PSII) of cryptophyte algae associates with alloxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (ACPs) to act as the peripheral light-harvesting system, whose supramolecular organization is unknown. Here, we purify the PSII-ACPII supercomplex from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea (C. placoidea), and analyze its structure at a resolution of 2.47 Å using cryo-electron microscopy. This structure reveals a dimeric organization of PSII-ACPII containing two PSII core monomers flanked by six symmetrically arranged ACPII subunits. The PSII core is conserved whereas the organization of ACPII subunits exhibits a distinct pattern, different from those observed so far in PSII of other algae and higher plants. Furthermore, we find a Chl a-binding antenna subunit, CCPII-S, which mediates interaction of ACPII with the PSII core. These results provide a structural basis for the assembly of antennas within the supercomplex and possible excitation energy transfer pathways in cryptophyte algal PSII, shedding light on the diversity of supramolecular organization of photosynthetic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Mao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Guangdong, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China.
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China.
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4
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Shen L, Gao Y, Tang K, Qi R, Fu L, Chen JH, Wang W, Ma X, Li P, Chen M, Kuang T, Zhang X, Shen JR, Wang P, Han G. Structure of a unique PSII-Pcb tetrameric megacomplex in a chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk7140. [PMID: 38394197 PMCID: PMC10889353 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk7140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina is a unique cyanobacterium using chlorophyll d (Chl d) as its major pigment and thus can use far-red light for photosynthesis. Photosystem II (PSII) of A. marina associates with a number of prochlorophyte Chl-binding (Pcb) proteins to act as the light-harvesting system. We report here the cryo-electron microscopic structure of a PSII-Pcb megacomplex from A. marina at a 3.6-angstrom overall resolution and a 3.3-angstrom local resolution. The megacomplex is organized as a tetramer consisting of two PSII core dimers flanked by sixteen symmetrically related Pcb proteins, with a total molecular weight of 1.9 megadaltons. The structure reveals the detailed organization of PSII core consisting of 15 known protein subunits and an unknown subunit, the assembly of 4 Pcb antennas within each PSII monomer, and possible pathways of energy transfer within the megacomplex, providing deep insights into energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms within the PSII-Pcb megacomplex involved in far-red light utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Shen
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuanzhu Gao
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kailu Tang
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruxi Qi
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lutang Fu
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing-Hua Chen
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for System and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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5
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Tournaire MD, Scharff LB, Kramer M, Goss T, Vuorijoki L, Rodriguez‐Heredia M, Wilson S, Kruse I, Ruban A, Balk L. J, Hase T, Jensen P, Hanke GT. Ferredoxin C2 is required for chlorophyll biosynthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic antennae in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3287-3304. [PMID: 37427830 PMCID: PMC10947542 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferredoxins (Fd) are small iron-sulphur proteins, with sub-types that have evolved for specific redox functions. Ferredoxin C2 (FdC2) proteins are essential Fd homologues conserved in all photosynthetic organisms and a number of different FdC2 functions have been proposed in angiosperms. Here we use RNAi silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana to generate a viable fdC2 mutant line with near-depleted FdC2 protein levels. Mutant leaves have ~50% less chlorophyll a and b, and chloroplasts have poorly developed thylakoid membrane structure. Transcriptomics indicates upregulation of genes involved in stress responses. Although fdC2 antisense plants show increased damage at photosystem II (PSII) when exposed to high light, PSII recovers at the same rate as wild type in the dark. This contradicts literature proposing that FdC2 regulates translation of the D1 subunit of PSII, by binding to psbA transcript. Measurement of chlorophyll biosynthesis intermediates revealed a build-up of Mg-protoporphyrin IX, the substrate of the aerobic cyclase. We localise FdC2 to the inner chloroplast envelope and show that the FdC2 RNAi line has a disproportionately lower protein abundance of antennae proteins, which are nuclear-encoded and must be refolded at the envelope after import.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars B. Scharff
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Manuela Kramer
- School of Biological and Behavioural sciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Tatjana Goss
- Department of Plant PhysiologyOsnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
| | | | | | - Sam Wilson
- School of Biological and Behavioural sciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Inga Kruse
- Department of Plant PhysiologyOsnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
| | - Alexander Ruban
- School of Biological and Behavioural sciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Toshiharu Hase
- Institute for Protein ResearchOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Poul‐Erik Jensen
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Guy T. Hanke
- School of Biological and Behavioural sciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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6
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Feng Y, Li Z, Li X, Shen L, Liu X, Zhou C, Zhang J, Sang M, Han G, Yang W, Kuang T, Wang W, Shen JR. Structure of a diatom photosystem II supercomplex containing a member of Lhcx family and dimeric FCPII. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi8446. [PMID: 37878698 PMCID: PMC10599620 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms rely on fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs) for their great success in oceans, which have a great diversity in their pigment, protein compositions, and subunit organizations. We report a unique structure of photosystem II (PSII)-FCPII supercomplex from Thalassiosira pseudonana at 2.68-Å resolution by cryo-electron microscopy. FCPIIs within this PSII-FCPII supercomplex exist in dimers and monomers, and a homodimer and a heterodimer were found to bind to a PSII core. The FCPII homodimer is formed by Lhcf7 and associates with PSII through an Lhcx family antenna Lhcx6_1, whereas the heterodimer is formed by Lhcf6 and Lhcf11 and connects to the core together with an Lhcf5 monomer through Lhca2 monomer. An extended pigment network consisting of diatoxanthins, diadinoxanthins, fucoxanthins, and chlorophylls a/c is revealed, which functions in efficient light harvesting, energy transfer, and dissipation. These results provide a structural basis for revealing the energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms and also for the structural diversity of FCP antennas in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lili Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueyang Liu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuicui Zhou
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Sang
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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7
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Cazzaniga S, Kim M, Pivato M, Perozeni F, Sardar S, D'Andrea C, Jin E, Ballottari M. Photosystem II monomeric antenna CP26 plays a key role in nonphotochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:1365-1380. [PMID: 37403662 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermal dissipation of excess excitation energy, called nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), is 1 of the main photoprotective mechanisms in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Here, we investigated the function of the monomeric photosystem II (PSII) antenna protein CP26 in photoprotection and light harvesting in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a model organism for green algae. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and complementation to generate cp26 knockout mutants (named k6#) that did not negatively affect CP29 accumulation, which differed from previous cp26 mutants, allowing us to compare mutants specifically deprived of CP26, CP29, or both. The absence of CP26 partially affected PSII activity, causing reduced growth at low or medium light but not at high irradiances. However, the main phenotype observed in k6# mutants was a more than 70% reduction of NPQ compared to the wild type (Wt). This phenotype was fully rescued by genetic complementation and complemented strains accumulating different levels of CP26, demonstrating that ∼50% of CP26 content, compared to the Wt, was sufficient to restore the NPQ capacity. Our findings demonstrate a pivotal role for CP26 in NPQ induction, while CP29 is crucial for PSII activity. The genetic engineering of these 2 proteins could be a promising strategy to regulate the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae under different light regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cazzaniga
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Minjae Kim
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Matteo Pivato
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Federico Perozeni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Samim Sardar
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milano 20134, Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milano 20134, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Matteo Ballottari
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
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8
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Opatíková M, Semchonok DA, Kopečný D, Ilík P, Pospíšil P, Ilíková I, Roudnický P, Zeljković SĆ, Tarkowski P, Kyrilis FL, Hamdi F, Kastritis PL, Kouřil R. Cryo-EM structure of a plant photosystem II supercomplex with light-harvesting protein Lhcb8 and α-tocopherol. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1359-1369. [PMID: 37550369 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The heart of oxygenic photosynthesis is the water-splitting photosystem II (PSII), which forms supercomplexes with a variable amount of peripheral trimeric light-harvesting complexes (LHCII). Our knowledge of the structure of green plant PSII supercomplex is based on findings obtained from several representatives of green algae and flowering plants; however, data from a non-flowering plant are currently missing. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of PSII supercomplex from spruce, a representative of non-flowering land plants, at 2.8 Å resolution. Compared with flowering plants, PSII supercomplex in spruce contains an additional Ycf12 subunit, Lhcb4 protein is replaced by Lhcb8, and trimeric LHCII is present as a homotrimer of Lhcb1. Unexpectedly, we have found α-tocopherol (α-Toc)/α-tocopherolquinone (α-TQ) at the boundary between the LHCII trimer and the inner antenna CP43. The molecule of α-Toc/α-TQ is located close to chlorophyll a614 of one of the Lhcb1 proteins and its chromanol/quinone head is exposed to the thylakoid lumen. The position of α-Toc in PSII supercomplex makes it an ideal candidate for the sensor of excessive light, as α-Toc can be oxidized to α-TQ by high-light-induced singlet oxygen at low lumenal pH. The molecule of α-TQ appears to shift slightly into the PSII supercomplex, which could trigger important structure-functional modifications in PSII supercomplex. Inspection of the previously reported cryo-electron microscopy maps of PSII supercomplexes indicates that α-Toc/α-TQ can be present at the same site also in PSII supercomplexes from flowering plants, but its identification in the previous studies has been hindered by insufficient resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Opatíková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dmitry A Semchonok
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - David Kopečný
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ilík
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Ilíková
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Roudnický
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Fotis L Kyrilis
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Farzad Hamdi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Panagiotis L Kastritis
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hallenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Roman Kouřil
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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9
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Zhang S, Tang K, Yan Q, Li X, Shen L, Wang W, He YK, Kuang T, Han G, Shen JR, Zhang X. Structural insights into a unique PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb9 supercomplex from moss Physcomitrium patens. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:832-846. [PMID: 37095225 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) possesses a variable supramolecular organization among different photosynthetic organisms to adapt to different light environments. Mosses are evolutionary intermediates that diverged from aquatic green algae and evolved into land plants. The moss Physcomitrium patens (P. patens) has a light-harvesting complex (LHC) superfamily more diverse than those of green algae and higher plants. Here, we solved the structure of a PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb9 supercomplex from P. patens at 2.68 Å resolution using cryo-electron microscopy. This supercomplex contains one PSI-LHCI, one phosphorylated LHCII trimer, one moss-specific LHC protein, Lhcb9, and one additional LHCI belt with four Lhca subunits. The complete structure of PsaO was observed in the PSI core. One Lhcbm2 in the LHCII trimer interacts with PSI core through its phosphorylated N terminus, and Lhcb9 mediates assembly of the whole supercomplex. The complicated pigment arrangement provided important information for possible energy-transfer pathways from the peripheral antennae to the PSI core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kailu Tang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiujing Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Kun He
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China.
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
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10
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Shang H, Li M, Pan X. Dynamic Regulation of the Light-Harvesting System through State Transitions in Land Plants and Green Algae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1173. [PMID: 36904032 PMCID: PMC10005731 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis constitutes the only known natural process that captures the solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into biomass. The primary reactions of photosynthesis are catalyzed by the photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Both photosystems associate with antennae complexes whose main function is to increase the light-harvesting capability of the core. In order to maintain optimal photosynthetic activity under a constantly changing natural light environment, plants and green algae regulate the absorbed photo-excitation energy between PSI and PSII through processes known as state transitions. State transitions represent a short-term light adaptation mechanism for balancing the energy distribution between the two photosystems by relocating light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins. The preferential excitation of PSII (state 2) results in the activation of a chloroplast kinase which in turn phosphorylates LHCII, a process followed by the release of phosphorylated LHCII from PSII and its migration to PSI, thus forming the PSI-LHCI-LHCII supercomplex. The process is reversible, as LHCII is dephosphorylated and returns to PSII under the preferential excitation of PSI. In recent years, high-resolution structures of the PSI-LHCI-LHCII supercomplex from plants and green algae were reported. These structural data provide detailed information on the interacting patterns of phosphorylated LHCII with PSI and on the pigment arrangement in the supercomplex, which is critical for constructing the excitation energy transfer pathways and for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of state transitions progress. In this review, we focus on the structural data of the state 2 supercomplex from plants and green algae and discuss the current state of knowledge concerning the interactions between antenna and the PSI core and the potential energy transfer pathways in these supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mei Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaowei Pan
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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11
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Mao R, Zhang H, Bie L, Liu LN, Gao J. Million-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal the interfacial interactions and assembly of plant PSII-LHCII supercomplex. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6699-6712. [PMID: 36860540 PMCID: PMC9969236 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08240c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interface interactions dictate efficient excitation energy transfer from light-harvesting antennas to the photosystem II (PSII) core. In this work, we construct a 1.2 million atom-scale model of plant C2S2-type PSII-LHCII supercomplex and perform microsecond-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the interactions and assembly mechanisms of the sizeable PSII-LHCII supercomplex. We optimize the nonbonding interactions of the PSII-LHCII cryo-EM structure using microsecond-scale MD simulations. Binding free energy calculations with component decompositions reveal that hydrophobic interactions predominantly drive antenna-core association and the antenna-antenna interactions are relatively weak. Despite the positive electrostatic interaction energies, hydrogen bonds and salt bridges mainly provide directional or anchoring forces for interface binding. Analysis of the roles of small intrinsic subunits of PSII suggests that LHCII and CP26 first interact with small intrinsic subunits and then bind to the core proteins, whereas CP29 adopts a one-step binding process to the PSII core without the assistance of other factors. Our study provides insights into the molecular underpinnings of the self-organization and regulation of plant PSII-LHCII. It lays the framework for deciphering the general assembly principles of photosynthetic supercomplexes and possibly other macromolecular structures. The finding also has implications for repurposing photosynthetic systems to enhance photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 Hubei China
| | - Han Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 Hubei China
| | - Lihua Bie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 Hubei China
| | - Lu-Ning Liu
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZB UK .,Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Jun Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 Hubei China
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12
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Akhtar P, Sipka G, Han W, Li X, Han G, Shen JR, Garab G, Tan HS, Lambrev PH. Ultrafast excitation quenching by the oxidized photosystem II reaction center. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:145101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0086046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is the pigment–protein complex driving the photoinduced oxidation of water and reduction of plastoquinone in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Excitations in the antenna chlorophylls are photochemically trapped in the reaction center (RC) producing the chlorophyll–pheophytin radical ion pair P+ Pheo−. When electron donation from water is inhibited, the oxidized RC chlorophyll P+ acts as an excitation quencher, but knowledge on the kinetics of quenching is limited. Here, we used femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to compare the excitation dynamics of PSII with neutral and oxidized RC (P+). We find that equilibration in the core antenna has a major lifetime of about 300 fs, irrespective of the RC redox state. Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy revealed additional slower energy equilibration occurring on timescales of 3–5 ps, concurrent with excitation trapping. The kinetics of PSII with open RC can be described well with previously proposed models according to which the radical pair P+ Pheo− is populated with a main lifetime of about 40 ps, which is primarily determined by energy transfer between the core antenna and the RC chlorophylls. Yet, in PSII with oxidized RC (P+), fast excitation quenching was observed with decay lifetimes as short as 3 ps and an average decay lifetime of about 90 ps, which is shorter than the excited-state lifetime of PSII with open RC. The underlying mechanism of this extremely fast quenching prompts further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, 637371, Singapore
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, Szeged 6728, Hungary
| | - Gábor Sipka
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Wenhui Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Győző Garab
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, 637371, Singapore
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
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Arshad R, Calvaruso C, Boekema EJ, Büchel C, Kouřil R. Revealing the architecture of the photosynthetic apparatus in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:2124-2136. [PMID: 33944951 PMCID: PMC8331139 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are a large group of marine algae that are responsible for about one-quarter of global carbon fixation. Light-harvesting complexes of diatoms are formed by the fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c proteins and their overall organization around core complexes of photosystems (PSs) I and II is unique in the plant kingdom. Using cryo-electron tomography, we have elucidated the structural organization of PSII and PSI supercomplexes and their spatial segregation in the thylakoid membrane of the model diatom species Thalassiosira pseudonana. 3D sub-volume averaging revealed that the PSII supercomplex of T. pseudonana incorporates a trimeric form of light-harvesting antenna, which differs from the tetrameric antenna observed previously in another diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. Surprisingly, the organization of the PSI supercomplex is conserved in both diatom species. These results strongly suggest that different diatom classes have various architectures of PSII as an adaptation strategy, whilst a convergent evolution occurred concerning PSI and the overall plastid structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameez Arshad
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
- Electron Microscopy Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Calvaruso
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Egbert J Boekema
- Electron Microscopy Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Roman Kouřil
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
- Author for communication:
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