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Li GR, Sun J, Ye JN, Hou XH, Xiang MQ. Family functioning and mobile phone addiction in university students: Mediating effect of loneliness and moderating effect of capacity to be alone. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1076852. [PMID: 36844342 PMCID: PMC9947282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1076852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the increasing popularity of smartphones, mobile phone addiction in university students has attracted widespread societal attention. Previous studies showed that family functioning and mobile phone addiction are related. However, the potential mechanisms involved in this relationship are unknown. This study examined the mediating effect of loneliness and the moderating effect of capacity to be alone on the relationship between family functioning and mobile phone addiction. Methods A total of 1,580 university students were recruited. A cross-sectional study design and online questionnaire survey were employed to measure demographic variables, family functioning, loneliness, capacity to be alone, and mobile phone addiction in university students. Results Family functioning is a significantly negative predictor of mobile phone addiction in university students, and loneliness has a mediating effect on the relationship between family functioning and mobile phone addiction. The capacity to be alone has moderating effects on the relationship between family functioning and loneliness and between family functioning and mobile phone addiction, and these correlation is stronger in university students with a low capacity to be alone. Conclusion The moderated mediation model in this study improves understanding of the correlation between family functioning and mobile phone addiction in university students. Education professionals and parents should pay particular attention to family functioning in mobile phone addiction, particularly university students with low capacity to be alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ru Li
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Athletic Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Nuo Ye
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Hou
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-Hui Hou, ; Ming-Qiang Xiang,
| | - Ming-Qiang Xiang
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-Hui Hou, ; Ming-Qiang Xiang,
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Sun R, Li W, Lu S, Gao Q. Psychological needs satisfaction and smartphone addiction among Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of social anxiety and loneliness. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231203915. [PMID: 37808238 PMCID: PMC10559713 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231203915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although previous studies have initially noted that psychological needs satisfaction (PNS) might be a significant risk factor for technology addiction (e.g. online gaming addiction and Internet addiction), specific mechanisms involved in the association between PNS and adolescent smartphone addiction are largely unknown. Based on self-determination theory, this cross-sectional study constructed a multiple mediation model to examine whether PNS will influence adolescent smartphone addiction through the mediating roles of social anxiety and loneliness. Methods Eight hundred and ninety-nine Chinese adolescents answered the questionnaire including measures of PNS, social anxiety, loneliness, and smartphone addiction. SPSS 24.0 was used for common method bias test, reliability test, and correlation analysis, and Mplus 7.4 was used to examine the mediating roles of social anxiety and loneliness in the multiple mediation model. Results This study found that (1) PNS was negatively associated with adolescent smartphone addiction; (2) loneliness significantly mediated the association between PNS and smartphone addiction while the mediating role of social anxiety in this association was nonsignificant; and (3) social anxiety and loneliness also sequentially mediated this association. Conclusion This study further enriched potential mechanisms linking PNS and smartphone addiction among adolescents, which may contribute to intervention and prevention programs for adolescent smartphone addiction from the perspective of improving both PNS and negative emotions including social anxiety and loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Sun
- Department of Sociology, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanying Li
- Department of Sociology, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sihan Lu
- Department of Sociology, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiufeng Gao
- Department of Sociology, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Prabhu D, Kholghi M, Sandhu M, Lu W, Packer K, Higgins L, Silvera-Tawil D. Sensor-Based Assessment of Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: A Survey. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9944. [PMID: 36560312 PMCID: PMC9781772 DOI: 10.3390/s22249944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation (SI) and loneliness are 'invisible enemies'. They affect older people's health and quality of life and have significant impact on aged care resources. While in-person screening tools for SI and loneliness exist, staff shortages and psycho-social challenges fed by stereotypes are significant barriers to their implementation in routine care. Autonomous sensor-based approaches can be used to overcome these challenges by enabling unobtrusive and privacy-preserving assessments of SI and loneliness. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of sensor-based tools to assess social isolation and loneliness through a structured critical review of the relevant literature. The aim of this survey is to identify, categorise, and synthesise studies in which sensing technologies have been used to measure activity and behavioural markers of SI and loneliness in older adults. This survey identified a number of feasibility studies using ambient sensors for measuring SI and loneliness activity markers. Time spent out of home and time spent in different parts of the home were found to show strong associations with SI and loneliness scores derived from standard instruments. This survey found a lack of long-term, in-depth studies in this area with older populations. Specifically, research gaps on the use of wearable and smart phone sensors in this population were identified, including the need for co-design that is important for effective adoption and practical implementation of sensor-based SI and loneliness assessment in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Prabhu
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (M.K.); Tel.: +61-4-1599-0836 (D.P.); +61-7-3253-3689 (M.K.)
| | - Mahnoosh Kholghi
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (M.K.); Tel.: +61-4-1599-0836 (D.P.); +61-7-3253-3689 (M.K.)
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Bi T, Kou H, Xie Q, Dong J. Mediating roles of social anxiety and interpersonal distress in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and loneliness. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2022.2121058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiyong Bi
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hui Kou
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qinhong Xie
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Validity test of the theory of planned behavior in college students’ withdrawal from smartphone dependence. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSmartphone usage has brought great convenience to our daily life. However, the detrimental consequences of smartphone dependence also require special attention. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study designed a questionnaire to investigate college students’ withdrawal from smartphone dependence. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested. The results showed that the reliability of the questionnaire was good (α = 0.84–0.94). The principal component analysis was conducted, contribution rates of these factors were moderately high (62.06%–82.35%). The validity was verified through confirmatory factor analysis. All the model fit indices were higher than the acceptable standard, which indicated the construct validity of the TPB questionnaire is good. The results of the multi-group structural equation model revealed that the model provided excellent fit to the data in each demographic group. The results of structural equation model presented that, in most demographic groups, students’ attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control of withdrawal from smartphone dependence positively influenced their behavioral intention. Furthermore, subjective norm was the most effective predictors in each group. However, part of the paths from intention to behavior failed to reach the significant level, and their coefficients are relatively small. This reveals the gap between college students’ withdrawal intention and their actual behavior, and there may be other factors influence the relationship between the two variables.
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Yang H, Tng GYQ, Khoo SS, Yang S. Multidimensional Profiles of Addictive Smartphone Use: A Latent Profile Analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGiven that crucial psychological attributes of smartphone addiction have been studied in isolation from each other, we examined latent profiles of emotional distress (depression, stress, loneliness, and fear of missing out; i.e., FoMO); protective traits (self-control, mindfulness, grit); the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and approach system (BAS; drive, reward responsiveness, and fun seeking) in relation to addictive smartphone use. We identified three distinctive profiles, using five fit statistics: AIC, BIC, adjusted BIC, an entropy, and LRT. The self-controlled, gritty, and mindful profile (22.7%) was characterized by heightened levels of self-control, grit, and mindfulness but lower levels of emotional distress, BIS, and BAS. The emotionally distressed profile (29.8%) was distinguished by elevated levels of depression, stress, loneliness, FoMO, and BIS, but relatively lower protective traits and BAS. Lastly, the approach sensitive profile (47.5%) corresponded to the normative group characterized by relatively higher BAS but mostly average levels of emotional distress and protective traits. When both global and pairwise comparisons between profiles were performed using Wald tests, we found that the self-controlled, gritty, and mindful profile was associated with significantly lower smartphone addiction tendencies than emotionally distressed or approach sensitive profiles, while the latter two did not differ from each other. These results still held when multiple covariates (age, sex, and income) were controlled for. Using a sophisticated person-centered approach, our findings underscore multidimensional psychological profiles that have different associations with smartphone addiction.
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Liu J, Wang W, Hu Q, Wang P, Lei L, Jiang S. The relationship between phubbing and the depression of primary and secondary school teachers: A moderated mediation model of rumination and job burnout. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:498-504. [PMID: 34509064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the progress of modern technology and the widespread popularization of mobile phones, many new problems related to mobile phones have aroused people's attention. One of the new phenomena is the phubbing. However, previous studies have paid more attention to the influence of phubbing on the phubbees, few researchers have focused on the influence of phubbing on the phubbers and its influencing mechanism. METHODS In the present study, convenient sampling method was adopted, and 907 (432 males, 47.6%) primary and secondary school teachers were recruited from Shanxi province in China. The teachers were all assessed by a series of self-assessment scales, including Generic Scale of Phubbing, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Ruminative Response Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. RESULTS The results showed as follows: (1) After controlling for age and gender, phubbing had a significantly positive link to depression of primary and secondary school teachers. Job burnout partially mediated the relation between phubbing and depression. (3) Moderated mediation analysis further indicated that the relation between job burnout and depression were moderated by rumination. Job burnout was a stronger predictor of depression in low ruminants than in high ones. LIMITATIONS First, cross-sectional study design was adopted in this study, but it was difficult to infer the causal relationship between variables. Further investigation and verification should be conducted in combination with experiments and follow-up studies, so as to further reveal the mechanism of action between variables. Second, all the data in this study were from the self-report. Although the common method deviation was not obvious, there may be social desirability effect. CONCLUSIONS These findings imply that phubbing will not only harm the mental health of the phubbees, but also will affect the mental health of the phubbers. The phubbing enhanced the job burnout of primary and secondary school teachers and increased their risk of depression. Compared with high ruminant, job burnout has a stronger predictive effect on depression in low ruminants. Therefore, we should also pay attention to the mental health problems of phubber teachers in primary and secondary schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Journalism, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Qian Hu
- School of Foreign Languages, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Li Lei
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Suo Jiang
- The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Department of Applied Psychology in School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Deng X, Gao Q, Hu L, Zhang L, Li Y, Bu X. Differences in Reward Sensitivity between High and Low Problematic Smartphone Use Adolescents: An ERP Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189603. [PMID: 34574543 PMCID: PMC8470587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Problematic smartphone use is highly prevalent in adolescent populations compared to other age groups (e.g., adults and young children). Previous studies suggested that higher levels of reward sensitivity were associated with problematic smartphone use. Therefore, the current study investigated the neural processing of monetary and social reward and punishment feedbacks between high and low problematic smartphone use adolescents. Methods: 46 adolescents participated in the current study and they were categorized into two groups based on their level of problematic smartphone use: those who obtained low scores on the measure of problematic smartphone use were categorized as Low Problematic Smartphone Use (LPSU), and those who obtained high scores on the measure of problematic smartphone use were categorized as High Problematic Smartphone Use (HPSU). Electrocortical activities were recorded during the processing of monetary and social reward and punishment feedback. Results: (1) LPSUs evoked larger P3 in the social punishment condition than in the monetary punishment condition. HPSUs evoked larger P3 in the social reward condition than in the monetary condition. (2) The feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitudes in the reward condition were significantly larger than those in the punishment condition. (3) HPSUs induced larger reward positivity in social feedback conditions than in monetary feedback conditions, while there were no significant differences between the two types of conditions in the LPSUs. Discussion: The results provide neural underpinning evidence that high sensitivity to social rewards may be related to problematic smartphone use in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Deng
- School of Psychology, Normal College, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.D.); (L.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Qiufeng Gao
- Department of Sociology, Law School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.L.); (X.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lijun Hu
- School of Psychology, Normal College, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.D.); (L.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Normal College, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.D.); (L.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Sociology, Law School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.L.); (X.B.)
| | - Xiangyu Bu
- Department of Sociology, Law School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.L.); (X.B.)
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Donaldson SI, Strong D, Zhu SH. A brief measure of problematic smartphone use among high school students: Psychometric assessment using item response theory. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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10
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Sönmez M, Gürlek Kısacık Ö, Eraydın C. Correlation between smartphone addiction and loneliness levels in nursing students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:82-87. [PMID: 32424870 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the correlation between smartphone addiction and loneliness levels in nursing students. DESIGN AND METHODS The study has a descriptive and cross-sectional study design and was carried out with 682 nursing students. In the study, a "Student Information Form", the "Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form", and the "University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale" were used. FINDINGS The study found that nursing students had moderate scores for smartphone addiction and lonelinessand that there was a positive correlation between smartphone addiction and loneliness. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Nursing students are at risk of smartphone addiction and this may lead to negative psychosocial effects. Considering these results, interventions should be planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Münevver Sönmez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bülent Ecevit University of Health Science, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Öznur Gürlek Kısacık
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Canan Eraydın
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bülent Ecevit University of Health Science, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Sahu AK, Sahu NK, Sahu AK, Rajput MS, Narang HK. An Investigation Tool for Mounting Sustainable Practice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4018/ijdsst.2020040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Smart mobile devices of the present era offer many services i.e. SMS, gaming, a camera, navigation, the Internet, television, etc., and their utilization has significantly risen during the last decades. Today, individuals are addicted to mobiles and cannot think of living without using them. Conversely, these mobiles become obsolete due to certain shortcomings and are eventually replaced with new ones and thus create e-waste, which are alarmed as threat to the society. In this work, the authors describe mobiles and e-waste in a closed loop structure for supporting green issues. The work has rooted generalized interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (GIVTFNs) with a degree of similarity measure approach to model the rationale and to furnish decision results. The authors developed a decision support system to prevent e-waste by defining significant inadequacy liable for the larger alteration of working mobiles. The present study demonstrates the technical model under an Indian context to verify its applicability, but it can be used it under any regional or worldwide scenario.
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Qutishat M, Rathinasamy Lazarus E, Razmy AM, Packianathan S. University students’ nomophobia prevalence, sociodemographic factors and relationship with academic performance at a University in Oman. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Dema T, Tripathy JP, Thinley S, Rani M, Dhendup T, Laxmeshwar C, Tenzin K, Gurung MS, Tshering T, Subba DK, Penjore T, Lhazeen K. Suicidal ideation and attempt among school going adolescents in Bhutan - a secondary analysis of a global school-based student health survey in Bhutan 2016. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1605. [PMID: 31791280 PMCID: PMC6889681 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is one of the leading causes of death and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) worldwide. The economic, emotional and human cost of suicidal behaviour to individuals, families, communities and society makes it a serious public health issue. We aim to determine the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported suicidal behaviour (suicidal ideation and attempt) among school going adolescents (13-17 years). METHODS This is a secondary analysis of a nationally representative data for Bhutan namely Global School Based Student Health Survey in 2016 which reports on various dimensions of adolescent health including suicidal behaviour. The survey employed a multistage sampling method to recruit participants aged 13-17 years (n = 5809) from 50 schools (25 each in rural and urban area). The survey used an anonymous self-administered pre-tested 84-item questionnaire. Weighted analysis was done. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) have been presented with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 667 (11.6%) adolescents reported considering a suicide attempt whereas 656 (11.3%) reported attempting suicide in the past 12 months. Among those reporting suicidal ideation, 388 (58.6%) reported attempting a suicide and 274 (41.4%) had ideation alone, whereas, 247 (38.9%) reported attempting a suicide without previous ideation. Female sex, food insecurity, physical attack, sexual violence, bullying, feeling of loneliness, low parental engagement, reported worry about lack of sleep, urge to use drugs/alcohol, smokeless tobacco use, drug abuse and parental smoking were the factors associated with suicidal attempt. All these factors except smokeless tobacco use and parental smoking were associated with suicidal ideation. Having helpful/close friends was found to be protective against suicide ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal behaviour among school going adolescents in Bhutan is high and alarming, especially among girls. Bullying, sexual violence, feeling of loneliness and drug abuse were some of the key risk factors identified. It is important to identify these risk factors early and effectively tackle them in order to prevent suicides. It requires a multi-faceted intervention with the support of the children, community, teachers and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashi Dema
- HMIS Evaluation and Research Section, Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan.
| | - Jaya Prasad Tripathy
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.,Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
| | - Sangay Thinley
- School Health Programme, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Manju Rani
- Regional Office for South East Asia, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India
| | - Tshering Dhendup
- Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | | | - Karma Tenzin
- Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Mongal Singh Gurung
- HMIS Evaluation and Research Section, Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Tashi Tshering
- School Health Programme, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Dil Kumar Subba
- Mental Health Programme, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Tashi Penjore
- Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Karma Lhazeen
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
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Ergün N, Göksu İ, Sakız H. Effects of Phubbing: Relationships With Psychodemographic Variables. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:1578-1613. [PMID: 31752605 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119889581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research is twofold: First, to adapt the Generic Scale of Phubbing and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed into Turkish language and culture. Second, to investigate the relationships between phubbing, being phubbed, and various psychodemographic variables including anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, hostility, loneliness, life satisfaction, and phone use duration. The two scales were adapted to Turkish with high psychometric properties, and the original item numbers were preserved. Analysis of the associations between variables showed that (1) phubbing was associated negatively with loneliness and positively with all other variables; (2) there was a strong relationship between phubbing and phone use duration; (3) somatization, satisfaction with life, and phone use duration predicted phubbing; (4) phubbing predicted all variables except satisfaction with life; (5) being phubbed was associated negatively with loneliness and satisfaction with life and positively with all other variables; and (6) anxiety, negative self, and hostility predicted being phubbed. This study is innovative for introducing two phubbing scales to Turkish and highlighting the psychological impact of phubbing on individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - İdris Göksu
- Department of Educational Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Halis Sakız
- Department of Psychology, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
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15
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Jafari H, Aghaei A, Khatony A. The relationship between addiction to mobile phone and sense of loneliness among students of medical sciences in Kermanshah, Iran. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:676. [PMID: 31640804 PMCID: PMC6805567 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Addiction to mobile phone is one of the negative consequences of excessive use of this device. This disorder may also be related to individuals’ loneliness and may reduce or increase the sense of loneliness. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between addiction to mobile phone and sense of loneliness among medical sciences students. Results In this descriptive-analytical study, 439 students entered the study by stratified random sampling. The study tool was the mobile phone addiction and SELSA’s sense of loneliness questionnaires. The average score of mobile phone addiction in boys and girls was 73.77 ± 11.48 and 74.64 ± 12.28 from 100, respectively. There was no significant difference between them. According to the rating of mobile phone addiction, 17.8% of the students were in the range of moderate dependency and 10.9% of them were in the range of extreme dependency. Also, 71.3% of the students were identified as mobile phone addicts. The average score of sense of loneliness in boys and girls was 43.22 ± 5.16 and 42.82 ± 5.30, out of 105, respectively. There was no significant difference between them. There was a significant and negative correlation between the scores of mobile phone addiction and sense of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hale Jafari
- Tehran School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abas Aghaei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Khatony
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. .,Health Institute, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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16
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Liu QQ, Yang XJ, Zhu XW, Zhang DJ. Attachment anxiety, loneliness, rumination and mobile phone dependence: A cross-sectional analysis of a moderated mediation model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Volungis AM, Kalpidou M, Popores C, Joyce M. Smartphone Addiction and Its Relationship with Indices of Social-Emotional Distress and Personality. Int J Ment Health Addict 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-019-00119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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18
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Doryab A, Villalba DK, Chikersal P, Dutcher JM, Tumminia M, Liu X, Cohen S, Creswell K, Mankoff J, Creswell JD, Dey AK. Identifying Behavioral Phenotypes of Loneliness and Social Isolation with Passive Sensing: Statistical Analysis, Data Mining and Machine Learning of Smartphone and Fitbit Data. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e13209. [PMID: 31342903 PMCID: PMC6685126 DOI: 10.2196/13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Feelings of loneliness are associated with poor physical and mental health. Detection of loneliness through passive sensing on personal devices can lead to the development of interventions aimed at decreasing rates of loneliness. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using passive sensing to infer levels of loneliness and to identify the corresponding behavioral patterns. Methods Data were collected from smartphones and Fitbits (Flex 2) of 160 college students over a semester. The participants completed the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) loneliness questionnaire at the beginning and end of the semester. For a classification purpose, the scores were categorized into high (questionnaire score>40) and low (≤40) levels of loneliness. Daily features were extracted from both devices to capture activity and mobility, communication and phone usage, and sleep behaviors. The features were then averaged to generate semester-level features. We used 3 analytic methods: (1) statistical analysis to provide an overview of loneliness in college students, (2) data mining using the Apriori algorithm to extract behavior patterns associated with loneliness, and (3) machine learning classification to infer the level of loneliness and the change in levels of loneliness using an ensemble of gradient boosting and logistic regression algorithms with feature selection in a leave-one-student-out cross-validation manner. Results The average loneliness score from the presurveys and postsurveys was above 43 (presurvey SD 9.4 and postsurvey SD 10.4), and the majority of participants fell into the high loneliness category (scores above 40) with 63.8% (102/160) in the presurvey and 58.8% (94/160) in the postsurvey. Scores greater than 1 standard deviation above the mean were observed in 12.5% (20/160) of the participants in both pre- and postsurvey scores. The majority of scores, however, fell between 1 standard deviation below and above the mean (pre=66.9% [107/160] and post=73.1% [117/160]). Our machine learning pipeline achieved an accuracy of 80.2% in detecting the binary level of loneliness and an 88.4% accuracy in detecting change in the loneliness level. The mining of associations between classifier-selected behavioral features and loneliness indicated that compared with students with low loneliness, students with high levels of loneliness were spending less time outside of campus during evening hours on weekends and spending less time in places for social events in the evening on weekdays (support=17% and confidence=92%). The analysis also indicated that more activity and less sedentary behavior, especially in the evening, was associated with a decrease in levels of loneliness from the beginning of the semester to the end of it (support=31% and confidence=92%). Conclusions Passive sensing has the potential for detecting loneliness in college students and identifying the associated behavioral patterns. These findings highlight intervention opportunities through mobile technology to reduce the impact of loneliness on individuals’ health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Doryab
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Daniella K Villalba
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Prerna Chikersal
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Janine M Dutcher
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael Tumminia
- School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Xinwen Liu
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sheldon Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kasey Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer Mankoff
- Paul G Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - John D Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Anind K Dey
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Calpbinici P, Tas Arslan F. Virtual behaviors affecting adolescent mental health: The usage of Internet and mobile phone and cyberbullying. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2019; 32:139-148. [DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Calpbinici
- Department of Nursing, Semra and Vefa Kucuk Health CollegeNevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University Nevsehir Turkey
| | - Fatma Tas Arslan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty Health SciencesSelçuk University Konya Turkey
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20
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Loneliness and excessive smartphone use among Chinese college students: Moderated mediation effect of perceived stressed and motivation. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Parashkouh NN, Mirhadian L, EmamiSigaroudi A, Leili EK, Karimi H. Addiction to the Internet and mobile phones and its relationship with loneliness in Iranian adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 33:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0035/ijamh-2018-0035.xml. [PMID: 30507551 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Addiction to the Internet and mobile phones in adolescents could be related to loneliness. However, less research has been conducted on this topic in developing countries. This study aimed to examine addiction to the Internet and mobile phones and its relationship with loneliness in adolescents in Iran. METHOD This was a cross-sectional and analytic study that was conducted between 2015 and 2016 in Rasht, in the north of Iran. Subjects were selected through cluster sampling from female and male teens who were studying in the public and private schools. The Kimberly's Internet Addiction Test, Cell phone Overuse Scale (COS), and the University of California , Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale were used for data collection. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 16.2 ± 1.1 year. The mean of addiction to the Internet was 42.2 ± 18.2. Overall, 46.3% of the subjects reported some degrees of addiction to the Internet. The mean of addiction to mobile phones was 55.10 ± 19.86. The results of this study showed that 77.6% (n = 451) of the subjects were at risk for addiction to mobile phones, and 17.7% (n = 103) of them were addicted to their use. The mean of loneliness was 39.13 ± 11.46 in the adolescents. Overall, 16.9% of the subjects obtained a score higher than mean in loneliness. A statistically significant direct relationship was found between addiction to the Internet and loneliness in the adolescents (r = 0.199, p = 0.0001). The results also showed a statistically significant direct relationship between addiction to mobile phones and loneliness in the adolescents (r = 0.172, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that a high percentage of adolescents who have some degrees of addiction to the Internet and mobile phones experience loneliness, and there are relationships between these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Norouzi Parashkouh
- MSc of Nursing, Instructor and Faculty Member, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Ramsar, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Leila Mirhadian
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leili
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hengameh Karimi
- Instructor and Faculty Member, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Ramsar, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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The Use of Smartphones as a Digital Security Blanket: The Influence of Phone Use and Availability on Psychological and Physiological Responses to Social Exclusion. Psychosom Med 2018. [PMID: 29521885 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mobile phones are increasingly becoming a part of the social environment, and when individuals feels excluded during a socially stressful situation, they often retreat to the comfort of their phone to ameliorate the negativity. This study tests whether smartphone presence does, in fact, alter psychological and physiological responses to social stress. METHODS Participants (N = 148, 84% female, mean age = 20.4) were subjected to a peer, social-exclusion stressor. Before exclusion, participants were randomized to one of the following three conditions: (1) phone-present with use encouraged, (2) phone-present with use restricted, or (3) no phone access. Saliva samples and self-report data were collected throughout the study to assess salivary alpha amylase (sAA), cortisol, and feelings of exclusion. RESULTS Participants in both phone-present conditions reported lower feelings of exclusion compared with individuals who had no access to their phone (F(2,143) = 5.49, p = .005). Multilevel modeling of sAA responses revealed that the individuals in the restricted-phone condition had a significantly different quadratic trajectory after the stressor compared with the phone use (υ = -0.12, z = -2.15, p = .032), and no-phone conditions (υ = -0.14, z = -2.64, p = .008). Specifically, those in the restricted-phone condition showed a decrease in sAA after exclusion, those in the no-phone condition showed a gradual increase, and phone users exhibited little change. Cortisol responses to the stressor did not vary by condition. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that the mere presence of a phone (and not necessarily phone use) can buffer against the negative experience and effects of social exclusion.
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Hou J, Ndasauka Y, Jiang Y, Ye Z, Wang Y, Yang L, Li X, Zhang Y, Pang L, Kong Y, Xu F, Zhang X. Excessive use of WeChat, social interaction and locus of control among college students in China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183633. [PMID: 28817710 PMCID: PMC5560757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, the number of college students using mobile phone based messaging and social networking applications like WeChat is increasing rapidly. However, there has been minimal research into the addictive nature of these applications and the psychological characteristics associate with their excessive use. There is also no published scale available for assessing excessive use of WeChat and similar applications. In the current study, we collected data from 1,245 college students in China (715 females) and developed the WeChat Excessive Use Scale (WEUS). We then assessed the relationship between excessive use of WeChat and excessive use of a social networking application-Weibo, problematic use of mobile phones, external locus of control, and social interaction skills. Our 10-item scale featured three factors, namely- "mood modification," "salience" and ''conflict"- critical factors in assessing different forms of addiction. The WEUS was found to be a reliable instrument in assessing excessive use of WeChat as it showed good internal consistency and correlated with other measures of problematic use social networking and mobile phone addiction. Our results showed that excessive users of WeChat are more likely to excessively use Weibo than they are to problematically use mobile phones. Our study also showed that greater excessive use of WeChat is associated with higher external locus of control and greater online social interaction skills. These results reveal that WeChat has unique and strong appeal among college students in China. Further, practitioners should consider dealing with malleable factors like locus of control and real life social skills in treating people with problematic messaging and social networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hou
- Department of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yamikani Ndasauka
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Philosophy, University of Malawi; Chancellor College, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Yingying Jiang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zi Ye
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lizhuang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Yan Kong
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Xu
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zou Z, Wang H, d'Oleire Uquillas F, Wang X, Ding J, Chen H. Definition of Substance and Non-substance Addiction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1010:21-41. [PMID: 29098666 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5562-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Substance addiction (or drug addiction) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by a recurring desire to continue taking the drug despite harmful consequences. Non-substance addiction (or behavioral addiction) covers pathological gambling, food addiction, internet addiction, and mobile phone addiction. Their definition is similar to drug addiction but they differ from each other in specific domains. This review aims to provide a brief overview of past and current definitions of substance and non-substance addiction, and also touches on the topic of diagnosing drug addiction and non-drug addiction, ultimately aiming to further the understanding of the key concepts needed for a foundation to study the biological and psychological underpinnings of addiction disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Zou
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Huijun Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Xiaomei Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianrui Ding
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Zhitomirsky-Geffet M, Blau M. Cross-generational analysis of predictive factors of addictive behavior in smartphone usage. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Bicen H, Arnavut A. Determining the effects of technological tool use habits on social lives. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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