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Boucher RD, Wittig RM, Lemoine SRT, Maro A, Wang X, Koch PL, Oelze VM. Strontium isotopes track female dispersal in Taï chimpanzees. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024:e24981. [PMID: 38828504 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are patrilocal, with males remaining in their natal community and females dispersing when they reach sexual maturity. However, the details of female chimpanzee dispersal, such as their possible origin, are difficult to assess, even in habituated communities. This study investigates the utility of 87Sr/86Sr analysis for (1) assessing Sr baseline differences between chimpanzee territories and (2) identifying the status (immigrant or natal) of females of unknown origin within the territories of five neighboring communities in Taï National Park (Côte d'Ivoire). MATERIALS AND METHODS To create a local Sr isoscape for the Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) study area, we sampled environmental samples from TCP-established territories (n = 35). To assess dispersal patterns, 34 tooth enamel samples (one per individual) were selected from the Taï chimpanzee skeletal collection. 87Sr/86Sr analysis was performed on all 69 samples at the W.M. Keck Lab. The theoretical density and overlap of chimpanzee communities as well as generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to test each question. RESULTS 87Sr/86Sr ratios for natal male chimpanzees ranged from 0.71662 to 0.72187, which is well within the corresponding environmental baseline range of 0.70774-0.73460. The local Sr isoscapes fit was estimated with the root-mean-square error value, which was 0.0048 (22% of the whole 87Sr/86Sr data range). GLMMs identified significant differences in 87Sr/86Sr ratios between natal and unknown North community origin groups, suggesting that after 1980, females of unknown origin could be immigrants to North community (n = 7, z-ratio = -4.08, p = 0.0001, power = 0.94). DISCUSSION This study indicates that 87Sr/86This study indicates that 87Sr/86Sr analysis can successfully identify immigrant females in skeletal collections obtained from wild chimpanzee communities, enabling the tracking of female dispersal patterns historically. There are, however, significant limitations within the scope of this study, such as (1) the absence of reliable maps for the TCP study area, (2) limited capacity for environmental sampling, (3) small sample sizes, and (4) tooth formation in wild chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Boucher
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Roman M Wittig
- Institute for Cognitive Sciences, UMR5229 CNRS, University of Lyon 1, Bron cedex, France
- Taï Chimpanzee Project, CSRS, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Aleksey Maro
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Xueye Wang
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
- Center for Archaeological Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Paul L Koch
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Vicky M Oelze
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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Hamilton MI, Copeland SR, Nelson SV. A reanalysis of strontium isotope ratios as indicators of dispersal in South African hominins. J Hum Evol 2024; 187:103480. [PMID: 38159536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2023.103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Dispersal patterns in primates have major implications for behavior and sociality but are difficult to reconstruct for fossil species. This study applies novel strontium isotope methodologies that have reliably predicted philopatry and dispersal patterns in chimpanzees and other modern primates to previously published strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of two South African hominins, Australopithecus africanus and Australopithecus robustus. In this study, the difference or 'offset' was calculated between the 87Sr/86Sr of each fossil tooth compared to local bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr as defined by cluster analysis of modern plant isotope ratios. Large teeth (presumably belonging to males) have low offsets from local 87Sr/86Sr proxies, while small teeth (presumably from females) have greater offsets from local 87Sr/86Sr proxies. This supports previous conclusions of male philopatry and female dispersal in both A. africanus and A. robustus. Furthermore, A. robustus shows more extreme differences between presumed males and females compared to A. africanus. This is analogous to differences seen in modern olive baboons compared to chimpanzees and suggests that A. africanus may have had a larger home range than A. robustus. Neither hominin species has 87Sr/86Sr consistent with riparian habitat preferences despite the demonstrated presence of riparian habitats in South Africa at the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian I Hamilton
- University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, MSC01-1040 1, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA; University of Northern Colorado, Department of Anthropology, Candelaria Hall 2200, Campus Box 90, Greeley, CO, 80639, USA.
| | - Sandi R Copeland
- Environmental Stewardship Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Sherry V Nelson
- University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, MSC01-1040 1, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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Gigante M, Mazzariol A, Bonetto J, Armaroli E, Cipriani A, Lugli F. Machine learning-based Sr isoscape of southern Sardinia: A tool for bio-geographic studies at the Phoenician-Punic site of Nora. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287787. [PMID: 37467179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Since prehistoric times, the island of Sardinia-in the western Mediterranean-has played a leading role in the dynamics of human population and mobility, in the circulation of raw materials and artefacts, idioms and customs, of technologies and ideas that have enriched the biological, linguistic and cultural heritage of local groups. For the Phoenician and Punic periods (from the 9th to the 3rd centuries BCE), the ancient site of Nora-in southern Sardinia-represents an emblematic case in the study of migratory phenomena that occurred on the Island from the Iron Age until the Roman conquest. Despite the importance of exploring (and characterising) such movements from a wider bio-cultural perspective, the application of bio-geochemical tools for geographical provenance to the ancient skeletal populations of Sardinia is yet scarce. The present work is the first step towards filling this gap with the development of the first isoscape of southern Sardinia using new bioavailable Sr isotope data and a machine-learning approach. From a geolithological point of view, Sardinia is rather heterogeneous and requires detailed studies to correctly assess the distribution of the isotopic signature of bioavailable Sr. The random forest model employed here to construct the Sr isoscape uses several external environmental and geological variables. The most important predictors are related to age and bedrock type, with additional input from local soil properties. A 10-fold cross-validation gives a mean square error of 0.0008 and an R-squared of 0.81, so the model correctly predicts the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of unknown areas. By using a Bayesian provenance assignment workflow, we tested the isoscape here produced to determine the geographic origin and the mobility of archaeological and modern fauna collected from the Phoenician-Punic site of Nora and the surrounding Pula Plain. Our results indicate that archaeological sheep and goats (87Sr/86Sr < 0.7090) are compatible with areas close to Nora and Pula Plain, in agreement with archaeological evidence of pastoralism in those areas. Modern wild and domesticated fauna (87Sr/86Sr > 0.7090) show compatibility with several natural and anthropogenic locations in southern Sardinia, as expected based on modern species distribution data. Finally, we discuss the large Sr isotopic variability of the Nora baseline, where human mobility studies of human cremated and inhumed individuals are currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Gigante
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Bonetto
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Armaroli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Cipriani
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, United States of America
| | - Federico Lugli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
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4
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Bataille CP, Ammer STM, Bhuiyan S, Chartrand MMG, St-Jean G, Bowen GJ. Multi-isotopes in human hair: A tool to initiate cross-border collaboration in international cold-cases. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275902. [PMID: 36288264 PMCID: PMC9603990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Unidentified human remains have historically been investigated nationally by law enforcement authorities. However, this approach is outdated in a globalized world with rapid transportation means, where humans easily move long distances across borders. Cross-border cooperation in solving cold-cases is rare due to political, administrative or technical challenges. It is fundamental to develop new tools to provide rapid and cost-effective leads for international cooperation. In this work, we demonstrate that isotopic measurements are effective screening tools to help identify cold-cases with potential international ramifications. We first complete existing databases of hydrogen and sulfur isotopes in human hair from residents across North America by compiling or analyzing hair from Canada, the United States (US) and Mexico. Using these databases, we develop maps predicting isotope variations in human hair across North America. We demonstrate that both δ2H and δ34S values of human hair are highly predictable and display strong spatial patterns. Multi-isotope analysis combined with dual δ2H and δ34S geographic probability maps provide evidence for international travel in two case studies. In the first, we demonstrate that multi-isotope analysis in bulk hair of deceased border crossers found in the US, close to the Mexico-US border, help trace their last place of residence or travel back to specific regions of Mexico. These findings were validated by the subsequent identification of these individuals through the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner in Tucson, Arizona. In the second case study, we demonstrate that sequential multi-isotope analysis along the hair strands of an unidentified individual found in Canada provides detailed insights into the international mobility of this individual during the last year of life. In both cases, isotope data provide strong leads towards international travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément P. Bataille
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Saskia T. M. Ammer
- Geology & Geochemistry Cluster, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Centre (CLHC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shelina Bhuiyan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gilles St-Jean
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriel J. Bowen
- Department of Geology & Geophysics and Global Change & Sustainability Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
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Austin R, Fowler G, Cooper JJ, Perez Tanchez M, Croxton R, Evans J, Thompson DF. Use of strontium isotope ratios in geolocation of Guatemalan population: Potential role in identification of remains. J Forensic Sci 2022; 67:1962-1970. [PMID: 35943118 PMCID: PMC9542264 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Within post‐conflict communities, attempts to identify and repatriate unidentified and missing individuals poses a difficult task. As current forensic strategies commonly lack the capacity to provide region of origin assessments, forensic anthropologists/investigators are often unable to identify sources of DNA for kinship analysis. Using Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS), hair samples from 10 volunteers were used to assess the variation in strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) between extant people in Guatemala City and Coban; with a leach (external) and digest (dietary) signal analyzed for each sample. A two‐way anova demonstrated that the difference between 87Sr/86Sr of Guatemala City and Coban was statistically significant (F [1, 16] = 259.839, p < 0.05), with no statistically significant differences observed between leach and digest 87Sr/86Sr (F [1,16] = 4.319, p = 0.054). Overall, individuals from Coban demonstrate 87Sr/86Sr comparable to previously recorded baseline values, demonstrating a minimal change in diet which is reflected in associated surveys. Volunteers from Guatemala City, however, show a marked shift in 87Sr/86Sr away from predicted values highlighting the potential influence of imported goods. The results here highlight the applicability of 87Sr/86Sr in hair to serve as a potential tool to support the identification of unknown individuals in Guatemala in a forensic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Austin
- School of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Plymouth Marjon University, Plymouth, UK.,School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK
| | - Gillian Fowler
- School of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK
| | - Jonathan J Cooper
- School of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK
| | - Marco Perez Tanchez
- School of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK
| | - Ruth Croxton
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jane Evans
- Natural Environmental Isotope Facility, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK
| | - David F Thompson
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
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Rodiouchkina K, Rodushkin I, Goderis S, Vanhaecke F. Longitudinal isotope ratio variations in human hair and nails. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152059. [PMID: 34863743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the straightforward and non-invasive sampling, ease of transport and long-term storage and access to time-resolved information, determination of element concentrations and isotope ratios in hair and nails finds increasing use. Multi-isotopic information preserved in keratinous tissues allows one to reveal dietary, physiological and environmental influences, but progress in this area is still limited by complicated and time-consuming analytical procedures and challenges in accuracy assessment. In this study, longitudinal distributions of δ34S, 87Sr/86Sr, 207,208Pb/206Pb, δ66Zn, δ56Fe, δ65Cu, δ26Mg, and δ114Cd were obtained for hair and nails collected from nine subjects with different age, biological sex, diet and/or place of residence. For S and Zn, the distribution along hair strands revealed a trend towards a heavier isotopic signature from the proximal to the distal end, with a maximum difference within the hair of a single subject of 1.2‰ (Δ34S) and 0.4‰ (Δ66Zn). For Fe, Cu, Mg and Cd, a shift towards either a lighter (Cu) or heavier (Fe, Mg and Cd) isotopic composition is accompanied by increasing concentration towards the distal hair end, indicating possible isotope fractionation during deposition or external contamination with a different isotopic composition. Pb and Sr isotope ratios are relatively stable throughout the hair strands despite notable concentration increases towards the distal end, likely reflecting external contamination. The isotopic composition of Sr points to tap water as a probable main source, explaining the relative stability of the ratio for individuals from the same geographical location. For Pb, isotopic compositions suggest tap water and/or indoor dust as possible sources. Similar δ34S, 87Sr/86Sr, 207,208Pb/206Pb, δ66Zn, δ56Fe, and δ65Cu observed for hair, fingernails and toenails sampled from the same individual suggest that keratinous tissues are conservative receivers of internal and external inputs and can be used complementary. Seasonal variation in δ34S, 207,208Pb/206Pb, and δ65Cu was observed for fingernails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rodiouchkina
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) research group, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilia Rodushkin
- ALS Scandinavia AB, ALS Laboratory Group, Aurorum 10, S-977 75 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Steven Goderis
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemistry, Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC) research group, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) research group, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Shin WJ, Gautam MK, Shim JY, Lee HS, Park S, Lee KS. Spatial distributions of strontium isotope ratios in human hair and tap water from South Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151352. [PMID: 34728202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural variations of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in biological samples, such as human hair, provide a biological record of provenance. Spatial distribution maps reflecting heterogeneity in isotopic signatures across large geographical regions are helpful for discerning the provenance and mobility of organisms. In this national-scale study conducted across South Korea, we investigated the spatial distribution patterns of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in human hair and tap water samples to determine their spatial variabilities and the relationships of isotopic signatures between hair and tap water. The strontium isoscapes of tap water and hair showed similar spatial distribution patterns. Non-parametric comparison indicated no significant differences in isotopic ratios between the two sample types. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios in human hair showed a significant and strong correlation with the ratios in tap water in eastern Korea, suggesting potential use of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in provenance studies. However, tap water and hair samples from western Korea did not show significant correlation between them, overall reducing the predictive power of the hair 87Sr/86Sr ratios for provenance studies. The deviation between 87Sr/86Srtap water and 87Sr/86Srhair was much larger in western coastal areas than in eastern Korea. Relatively high utilization of groundwater or exogenous materials, such as Asian dust, may have been responsible for this pattern. To fully utilize the potential of the strontium isotope signature as a biorecorder in provenance studies, it is essential to evaluate the effects of groundwater and other exogenous materials on the isotope signatures of hair and other biological samples. In this study, only hair samples from males were used to develop 87Sr/86Sr isoscapes. Therefore, further studies are required to examine the applicability of 87Sr/86Sr hair isoscapes based solely on human hair samples from males to forensic and provenance studies of human hair samples from females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Shin
- Research Center for Geochronology and Isotope Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gautam
- Research Center for Geochronology and Isotope Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea; Biology Department, Medgar Evers College, City University of New York, New York, NY 11225, USA
| | - Ji-Yu Shim
- Research Center for Geochronology and Isotope Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seul Lee
- Research Center for Geochronology and Isotope Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Park
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Sik Lee
- Research Center for Geochronology and Isotope Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Brewer CT, Rauch-Davis WA, Fraser EE. The Use of Intrinsic Markers for Studying the Migratory Movements of Bats. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3477. [PMID: 34944252 PMCID: PMC8698158 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality of migratory bat species at wind energy facilities is a well-documented phenomenon, and mitigation and management are partially constrained by the current limited knowledge of bat migratory movements. Analyses of biochemical signatures in bat tissues ("intrinsic markers") can provide information about the migratory origins of individual bats. Many tissue samples for intrinsic marker analysis may be collected from living and dead bats, including carcasses collected at wind energy facilities. In this paper, we review the full suite of available intrinsic marker analysis techniques that may be used to study bat migration, with the goal of summarizing the current literature and highlighting knowledge gaps and opportunities. We discuss applications of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur; radiogenic strontium isotopes; trace elements and contaminants; and the combination of these markers with each other and with other extrinsic markers. We further discuss the tissue types that may be analyzed for each and provide a synthesis of the generalized workflow required to link bats to origins using intrinsic markers. While stable hydrogen isotope techniques have clearly been the leading approach to infer migratory bat movement patterns across the landscape, here we emphasize a variety of lesser used intrinsic markers (i.e., strontium, trace elements, contaminants) that may address new study areas or answer novel research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erin E. Fraser
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 20 University Drive, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (C.T.B.); (W.A.R.-D.)
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Fauberteau AE, Chartrand MM, Hu L, St-Jean G, Bataille CP. Investigating a cold case using high-resolution multi-isotope profiles in human hair. Forensic Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2020.100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Hu L, Chartrand MMG, St-Jean G, Lopes M, Bataille CP. Assessing the Reliability of Mobility Interpretation From a Multi-Isotope Hair Profile on a Traveling Individual. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.568943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Ammer STM, Kootker LM, Bartelink EJ, Anderson BE, Cunha E, Davies GR. Comparison of strontium isotope ratios in Mexican human hair and tap water as provenance indicators. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 314:110422. [PMID: 32717657 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Deceased undocumented border crossers are some of the most difficult individuals to identify due to the inability to narrow down the region of origin and therefore to obtain family reference samples for DNA comparison. The isotopic compositions of various body tissues have been demonstrated to be useful biomarkers for tracking locations and movements to aid in the identification of human remains. This study closes the large spatial gap of available 87Sr/86Sr ratios from North America in tap water and presents the first 87Sr/86Sr human tissue-based ratios from Mexico. The 101 hair samples from 32 locations in Mexico range in 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.70424 to 0.71613 (ΔSrmax-min=0.01189). Furthermore, 151 tap water samples from 51 locations range between 0.70404 to 0.71385 (ΔSrmax-min=0.00981). Overall, small variations in the hair and tap water samples collected from individual locations were recorded (ΔSrmax-min=0.00041 and 0.00034 respectively). Despite the fact that Mexico is one of the largest bottled water consumers in the world, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of human hair and tap water correlated strongly (R2=0.87 for location averages and R2=0.80 when using individual data points). These data represent a valuable resource for identifying the provenance of human remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia T M Ammer
- University of Coimbra, Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, Department of Life Sciences Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, 3000-456, Portugal.
| | - Lisette M Kootker
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Geology & Geochemistry Cluster, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Centre (CLHC), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric J Bartelink
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico, Chico, CA, 95929-0400, United States
| | - Bruce E Anderson
- Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner, 2825 E District St, Tucson, AZ, 85714, United States
| | - Eugénia Cunha
- University of Coimbra, Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, Department of Life Sciences Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Gareth R Davies
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Geology & Geochemistry Cluster, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Centre (CLHC), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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12
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Cheema AI, Liu G, Yousaf B, Abbas Q, Zhou H. A comprehensive review of biogeochemical distribution and fractionation of lead isotopes for source tracing in distinct interactive environmental compartments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:135658. [PMID: 31874752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a non-essential and extremely noxious metallic-element whose biogeochemical cycle has been influenced predominantly by increasing human activities to a great extent. The introduction and enrichment of this ubiquitous contaminant in the terrestrial-environment has a long history and getting more attention due to its adverse health effects to living organisms even at very low exposure levels. Its lethal-effects can vary widely depending on the atmospheric-depositions, fates and distribution of Pb isotopes (i.e., 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb &208Pb) in the terrestrial-environment. Thus, it is essential to understand the depositional behavior and transformation mechanism of Pb and the factors affecting Pb isotopes composition in the terrestrial-compartments. Owing to the persistence nature of Pb-isotopic fractions, regardless of ongoing biogeochemical-processes taking place in soils and in other interlinked terrestrial-compartments of the biosphere makes Pb isotope ratios (Pb-IRs) more recognizable as a powerful and an efficient-tool for tracing the source(s) and helped uncover pertinent migration and transformation processes. This review discusses the ongoing developments in tracing migration pathway and distribution of lead in various terrestrial-compartments and investigates the processes regulating the Pb isotope geochemistry taking into account the source identification of lead, its transformation among miscellaneous terrestrial-compartments and detoxification mechanism in soil-plant system. Additionally, this compendium reveals that Pb-pools in various terrestrial-compartments differ in Pb isotopic fractionations. In order to improve understanding of partition behaviors and biogeochemical pathways of Pb isotope in the terrestrial environment, future works should involve investigation of changes in Pb isotopic compositions during weathering processes and atmospheric-biological sub-cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Imtiyaz Cheema
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Qumber Abbas
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Huihui Zhou
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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13
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Hu L, Fernandez DP, Cerling TE, Tipple BJ. Fast exchange of strontium between hair and ambient water: Implication for isotopic analysis in provenance and forensic studies. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233712. [PMID: 32469972 PMCID: PMC7259688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements in hair originate from intake (e.g., diet, inhalation, skin absorption), are transported in the bloodstream, and then incorporated during hair formation. However, the trace element abundance and isotopic compositions may be altered by post-eruption environmental processes. Such alterations must be addressed to obtain a meaningful interpretation of hair analysis for biomonitoring. In this study, we used strontium (Sr) isotopic analysis together with sorption kinetics of ionic Sr to quantify the rate and extent of replacement of endogenous Sr in hair by exogenous Sr from ambient water. We found that with only 10 minutes of exposure at room temperature (22°C), more than 30% of original endogenous Sr in hair was replaced with exogenous Sr from the solution. After 16 days of exposure to the solution, more than 90% of endogenous Sr was replaced, with a warmer temperature (60°C) accelerating the exchange substantially. We also found that acid leaching of exposed hair did not remove or isolate the exogenous Sr; therefore, neither the original endogenous nor the exogenous 87Sr/86Sr signal could be separated. Nonetheless, these findings illustrated that the quantitative correlation between the fraction of exogenous Sr and the soaking time, if established, could be used to estimate the length of water contact time for hair in forensic studies. Even if such time since initial contact cannot be established, the combination of acid leaching and 87Sr/86Sr analysis of hair samples may still be valuable in provenance studies to identify recent changes in the exogenous Sr pool, including movements or changes in water source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihai Hu
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Diego P. Fernandez
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Thure E. Cerling
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Brett J. Tipple
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
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14
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Plomp E, von Holstein ICC, Kootker LM, Verdegaal-Warmerdam SJA, Forouzanfar T, Davies GR. Strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope variation in modern human dental enamel. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2020; 172:586-604. [PMID: 32333689 PMCID: PMC7496345 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Isotopic analyses using human dental enamel provide information on the mobility and diet of individuals in forensic and archeological studies. Thus far, no study has systematically examined intraindividual coupled strontium (Sr), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) isotope variation in human enamel or the effect that caries have on the isotopic integrity of the enamel. The inadequate quantification of isotopic variation affects interpretations and may constrain sample selection of elements affected by caries. This study aims to quantify the intraindividual isotopic variation and provides recommendations for enamel sampling methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study presents the first systematic results on intraindividual variation in Sr-O-C isotope composition and Sr concentration in modern human dental enamel of third molars (affected and unaffected by caries). A multiloci sampling approach (n = 6-20) was used to analyze surface and inner enamel, employing thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Third molars were analyzed from 47 individuals from the Netherlands, Iceland, the United States, the Caribbean, Colombia, Somalia, and South Africa. RESULTS Intradental isotopic variation in modern Dutch dental elements was recorded for Sr, O, and C and exceeded the variation introduced by the analytical error. Single loci and bulk sampling approaches of third molars established that a single analysis is only representative of the bulk Sr isotope composition in 60% of the elements analyzed. Dental elements affected by caries showed twice the variation seen in unaffected dental elements. Caries did not consistently incorporate the isotopic composition of the geographical environment in which they developed. DISCUSSION The isotopic variability recorded in unaffected inner enamel indicates that variations greater than 0.000200 for 87 Sr/86 Sr and larger than 2‰ for δ18 O and δ13 C are required to demonstrate changes in modern Dutch human diet or geographic location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Plomp
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Earth Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft, Netherlands
| | | | - Lisette M Kootker
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Earth Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Center (CLHC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Tim Forouzanfar
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), location VUmc, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gareth R Davies
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Earth Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Center (CLHC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Plomp E, von Holstein ICC, Koornneef JM, Smeets RJ, Baart JA, Forouzanfar T, Davies GR. Evaluation of neodymium isotope analysis of human dental enamel as a provenance indicator using 10 13 Ω amplifiers (TIMS). Sci Justice 2019; 59:322-331. [PMID: 31054821 PMCID: PMC6510978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human provenance studies employing isotopic analysis have become an essential tool in forensic and archaeological sciences, with multi-isotope approaches providing more specific location estimates compared to single isotope studies. This study reports on the human provenancing capability of neodymium isotopes (143Nd/144Nd), a relatively conservative tracer in the environment. Neodymium isotope ratios have only recently been determined on human remains due to low concentrations in human dental enamel (ppb range), requiring thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS) using 1013 Ω resistors. Dental elements (third molars) from 20 individuals born and raised in the Netherlands were analysed for Nd concentration (n = 12) and Nd isotope ratios (n = 15). The geological control on Nd isotope composition was examined using coupled Nd-Sr isotope analysis of the same third molar. Teeth from different geological environments were also analysed (Caribbean, Columbian, and Icelandic, n = 5). Neodymium elemental concentrations in dental elements ranged between 0.1 and 7.9 ppb (median 0.5 ppb). The Dutch 143Nd/144Nd ratios of the provinces of Limburg and Friesland were between 0.5118 and 0.5121, with Dutch 87Sr/86Sr ratios in agreement with the previously established local range (0.708–0.710). The current findings were compared to previously published results on Nd concentration and composition from Dutch individuals. The concentration of Nd and 143Nd/144Nd ratios were weakly correlated (R2 = 0.47, n = 17) in Dutch human dental enamel. The majority (n = 25, 83.3%) of individuals had Nd and Sr isotope values isotopically indistinguishable from the geological environment in which their third molars formed and mineralised. However, the Nd isotope ratios of the Icelandic individual and several Dutch individuals (n = 4) suggested that Nd in enamel is not solely influenced by geological environment. In order for neodymium isotopes to be quantitatively applied in forensic and archaeological settings further analyses of individuals from various geographical regions with well-defined dietary Nd isotope data are required. First evaluation of the potential of neodymium isotopes for human provenancing Provides insight in Nd concentration and isotope ratios in human dental enamel First study presenting Nd isotope ratios from multiple geological settings First study combining 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the same dental element The use of 1013 Ω resistors allows for greater precision analysis of small samples
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Affiliation(s)
- E Plomp
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - I C C von Holstein
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J M Koornneef
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R J Smeets
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J A Baart
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G R Davies
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Tipple BJ, Valenzuela LO, Chau TH, Hu L, Bataille CP, Chesson LA, Ehleringer JR. Strontium isotope ratios of human hair from the United States: Patterns and aberrations. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:461-472. [PMID: 30597678 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Strontium isotope ratios (87 Sr/86 Sr) of hair may be a valuable tool to estimate human provenance. However, the systematics and mechanisms controlling spatial variation in 87 Sr/86 Sr of modern human hair remain unclear. Here, we measure 87 Sr/86 Sr of hair specimens from across the USA to assess the presence of geospatial relationships. METHODS Ninety-eight human hair specimens were collected from salon/barbershop floors in 48 municipalities throughout the conterminous USA. [Sr] and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios were measured from hair using quadrupole and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers, respectively. The [Sr] and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of hair were compared with the measured [Sr] and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of tap waters from the collection locations. In addition, the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio of hair was compared with the modeled ratios of bedrock and surface waters. RESULTS Hair color was independent of the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio, but related to [Sr]. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of hair and leachate were not statistically different and were positively correlated; however, in several hair-leachate pairs, the ratios were conspicuously different. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of both hair and leachate were linearly correlated with tap water. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio of hair was also significantly correlated with the modeled ratio of bedrock and surface waters, although the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio of hair was most strongly correlated with the measured ratio of tap water. CONCLUSIONS The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio of hair is related to the ratio of tap water, which varied geographically. The ratio of hair provided geographic information about an individual's recent residence. Differences in the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of hair and hair leachate may be concomitant with travel and could potentially be used as a screening tool to identify recent movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett J Tipple
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Luciano O Valenzuela
- CONICET, Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva Humana, UNCPBA-Quequén, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Thuan H Chau
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Lihai Hu
- Department of Geology, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Clement P Bataille
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, 120 University, Ottawa, ON,, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Lesley A Chesson
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - James R Ehleringer
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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17
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Mancuso CJ, Ehleringer JR. Strontium isotope ratios ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) of human fingernail clippings reveal multiple location signals. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1922-1930. [PMID: 30138955 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Strontium isotope ratios (87 Sr/86 Sr) in human fingernail keratin tissues have been underexplored for region of origin and travel history reconstruction studies. Here we investigated 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in fingernail keratin to establish baseline measurements in a resident group and to examine how 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios changed with relocation. METHODS Fingernail clippings were collected from resident (n = 10) and non-resident/traveler groups (n = 4 and n = 4) that were part of a larger study in Salt Lake City (UT, USA) from 2015 to 2016. Strontium abundance and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios were determined via multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). 87 Sr/86 Sr and oxygen (δ18 O) isotope ratios from the traveler participants were compared to examine temporal patterns. RESULTS Strontium abundance and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in fingernails from the resident group established a baseline against which we could evaluate potential differences in non-resident/traveler groups. Resident 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios remained constant over the study period and were consistent with previously measured tap waters for the area. 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio changes in non-resident/traveler groups were rapid and reflected the current location of the individual within 4-5 weeks of arrival. Lastly, δ18 O and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of the same fingernail clippings did not exhibit similar temporal patterns, since fingernail δ18 O ratios required more time to attain values characteristic of the new environment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that strontium is incorporated into fingernail tissues differently from hair and this could be advantageous to forensic investigations. We found that 87 Sr/86 Sr and δ18 O ratios of the same fingernail clippings revealed two different time points reflecting an individual's residence over short- (4-5 weeks, 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios) and long-term (3-5 months, δ18 O values) time scales. It is likely that the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of fingernail clippings reflect exogenous signals that are incorporated through bathing waters and that these signals change rapidly with movement to a new location. Our results may aid future forensic studies in the determination of region of origin in unidentified remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy J Mancuso
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - James R Ehleringer
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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18
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Lugli F, Cipriani A, Tavaglione V, Traversari M, Benazzi S. Transhumance pastoralism of Roccapelago (Modena, Italy) early-modern individuals: Inferences from Sr isotopes of hair strands. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 167:470-483. [PMID: 30159877 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this work, we use Sr isotopes to analyze human hair and determine short-term movements of a contemporary human traveler and of early-modern individuals from an archaeological site (Roccapelago, Modena, Italy, 16th-18th century). MATERIALS AND METHODS Analyses were performed using a Neptune MC-ICP-MS. We first set up and tested the procedure on scalp hair of a contemporary human, who spent some time between Brazil and Italy. We then analyzed the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of eight exceptionally well-preserved archaeological hair specimens associated with human mummies from Roccapelago. Trace elements were analyzed by LA-ICP-MS on single-hair specimens to check the preservation of the archaeological samples. RESULTS The strontium isotope composition of modern human hair varies from 0.7087 to 0.7093. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of the Roccapelago hair strands range from 0.7082 to 0.7137, with an average of 0.7093 ± 0.0031 (2σ), revealing also intra-individual differences in isotopic composition along the length of the hair shaft. Data were compared with local archaeological rodent bones and teeth and with published isotopic values of water and outcropping rocks. Trace element abundances of archaeological and modern human hair are similarly low in terms of Rare Earth Element (REE) and metal contents, in particular after HNO3 leaching. DISCUSSION The variable modern human hair 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios show that high-resolution hair sampling tracks the movements of this individual between the two continents. The Sr isotope composition of the mummy hair is consistent with sub-annual human movements from Roccapelago to an area with different 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios. Historical sources indicate that individuals from Roccapelago travelled with their herds to Tuscany for transhumance pastoralism practices. The high radiogenic 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios (>0.71) found in some of the hair are possibly consistent with the Tuscan Magmatic Province and the Tuscan Metamorphic Complex isotope signature. To our knowledge, this is the first study in an archaeological context where the Sr isotope evidence of mobility is corroborated by historical documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lugli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Anna Cipriani
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Valentina Tavaglione
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mirko Traversari
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Applying the principles of isotope analysis in plant and animal ecology to forensic science in the Americas. Oecologia 2018; 187:1077-1094. [PMID: 29955984 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The heart of forensic science is application of the scientific method and analytical approaches to answer questions central to solving a crime: Who, What, When, Where, and How. Forensic practitioners use fundamentals of chemistry and physics to examine evidence and infer its origin. In this regard, ecological researchers have had a significant impact on forensic science through the development and application of a specialized measurement technique-isotope analysis-for examining evidence. Here, we review the utility of isotope analysis in forensic settings from an ecological perspective, concentrating on work from the Americas completed within the last three decades. Our primary focus is on combining plant and animal physiological models with isotope analyses for source inference. Examples of the forensic application of isotopes-including stable isotopes, radiogenic isotopes, and radioisotopes-span from cotton used in counterfeit bills to anthrax shipped through the U.S. Postal Service and from beer adulterated with cheap adjuncts to human remains discovered in shallow graves. Recent methodological developments and the generation of isotope landscapes, or isoscapes, for data interpretation promise that isotope analysis will be a useful tool in ecological and forensic studies for decades to come.
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20
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Revealing details of stays abroad by sequential stable isotope analyses along human hair strands. Int J Legal Med 2018; 133:935-947. [PMID: 29876636 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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21
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Strontium isotope ratios of human hair record intra-city variations in tap water source. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3334. [PMID: 29463835 PMCID: PMC5820339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen (18O/16O) isotope analysis of hair is commonly applied to reconstruct an individual’s residence history. However, region-of-origin as determined from oxygen isotope values (δ18O) alone is often spatially indistinct. Adding additional geochemical recorders can refine region-of-origin estimates. In this capacity, strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotope analysis has attracted increased interest. While 87Sr/86Sr reflects the influences of local geology, 87Sr/86Sr of hair includes both external environmental signals as well as the internal dietary indicators. To better understand the impact of these contributions to the spatial signal encoded within 87Sr/86Sr of hair, human hair was collected from three locations within Salt Lake City, Utah along with the donor’s sex. The 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O of hair and local tap water were measured. There were no significant relationships between sex and either δ18O or 87Sr/86Sr of hair, nor between collection location and the δ18O of hair. However, we found significant associations between collection location and 87Sr/86Sr of hair. These findings suggest that interactions with local water may be an important source of Sr to human hair and that the 87Sr/86Sr of hair may have the capacity to record differences in 87Sr/86Sr of tap waters on small spatial scales.
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22
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Varrica D, Dongarrà G, Alaimo MG, Monna F, Losno R, Sanna E, De Giudici G, Tamburo E. Lead isotopic fingerprint in human scalp hair: The case study of Iglesias mining district (Sardinia, Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:456-461. [PMID: 28918277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Sulcis-Iglesiente district (SW Sardinia, Italy) has been, until recently, one of the most important Italian polymetallic mining areas for the extraction of lead. Epidemiological studies conducted over several decades have indicated this site at high risk of environmental crisis with possible adverse effects on the public health. In the present paper we discuss Pb isotope signatures in human scalp hair and road dust collected from the Sulcis-Iglesiente area in order to trace the exposure of populations to potential Pb sources. A total of 23 determinations (20 on hair samples and 3 on road dust samples) of lead isotope ratios (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) were carried out. The obtained results were integrate with literature data regarding the total content of Pb in hair samples from the same study area. Hair from children living in Sant'Antioco exhibited lead isotope ratios in the ranges 1.152-1.165 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.101-2.108 for 208Pb/206Pb, while hair samples from Iglesias resulted less radiogenic: 206Pb/207Pb~1.147-1.154 and 208Pb/206Pb~2.106-2.118. These values pointed to a multi-source mixing between the less radiogenic sources, corresponding to the Pb ore deposits, and the more radiogenic sources identified in local background.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Varrica
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, (Italy)
| | - G Dongarrà
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, (Italy)
| | - M G Alaimo
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, (Italy)
| | - F Monna
- UMR 6298, ArTeHiS, Université de Bourgogne - CNRS - Culture, 6 bd Gabriel, Bat. Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - R Losno
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMR 7154 CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - E Sanna
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - G De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - E Tamburo
- Dip. Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, (Italy).
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Atzrodt J, Derdau V, Kerr WJ, Reid M. Deuterium- und tritiummarkierte Verbindungen: Anwendungen in den modernen Biowissenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Atzrodt
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry; Industriepark Höchst, G876 65926 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - Volker Derdau
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry; Industriepark Höchst, G876 65926 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - William J. Kerr
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL Großbritannien
| | - Marc Reid
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL Großbritannien
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24
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Atzrodt J, Derdau V, Kerr WJ, Reid M. Deuterium- and Tritium-Labelled Compounds: Applications in the Life Sciences. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1758-1784. [PMID: 28815899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen isotopes are unique tools for identifying and understanding biological and chemical processes. Hydrogen isotope labelling allows for the traceless and direct incorporation of an additional mass or radioactive tag into an organic molecule with almost no changes in its chemical structure, physical properties, or biological activity. Using deuterium-labelled isotopologues to study the unique mass-spectrometric patterns generated from mixtures of biologically relevant molecules drastically simplifies analysis. Such methods are now providing unprecedented levels of insight in a wide and continuously growing range of applications in the life sciences and beyond. Tritium (3 H), in particular, has seen an increase in utilization, especially in pharmaceutical drug discovery. The efforts and costs associated with the synthesis of labelled compounds are more than compensated for by the enhanced molecular sensitivity during analysis and the high reliability of the data obtained. In this Review, advances in the application of hydrogen isotopes in the life sciences are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Atzrodt
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Derdau
- Isotope Chemistry and Metabolite Synthesis, Integrated Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - William J Kerr
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Marc Reid
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1XL, UK
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Recent developments and trends in the application of strontium and its isotopes in biological related fields. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chau TH, Tipple BJ, Hu L, Fernandez DP, Cerling TE, Ehleringer JR, Chesson LA. Reconstruction of travel history using coupled δ 18 O and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr measurements of hair. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:583-589. [PMID: 28063236 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Oxygen isotope ratios (δ18 O values) of hair largely reflect features of regional hydrology while strontium isotope ratios (87 Sr/86 Sr) are thought to reflect bedrock geology; combination of both isotope signatures may provide greater capacity for determining provenance and reconstructing travel history of an organism. To test this hypothesis, we compared the O-Sr isotope profiles of hair from domestic horses with known residency histories. METHODS Tail hairs were collected from a pair of horses pastured together for a period of 16 months, one of which lived in a different location for the 8 months prior. Hair samples were washed with solvents to remove external contaminants prior to sequential sampling for δ18 O and 87 Sr/86 Sr analysis via TC/EA-IRMS and MC-ICP-MS, respectively. Hair digests were concentrated and analyzed employing low-flow natural aspiration to measure 87 Sr/86 Sr. RESULTS Tail hair from the control and transported horses had mean δ18 O values of 11.25 ± 1.62 ‰ and 10.96 ± 1.53 ‰, and mean 87 Sr/86 Sr of 0.7101 ± 0.0006 and 0.7109 ± 0.0020, respectively. The δ18 O and 87 Sr/86 Sr profiles for the control and transported horses were indistinguishable when they were pastured together. The 87 Sr/86 Sr profiles were significantly different during the period that the horses were living apart, while the δ18 O values were indistinguishable during that period. CONCLUSIONS By comparing the O-Sr isotope profiles of a control and transported horse, we investigated isotopic signal(s) potentially useful for reconstructing travel histories via high-resolution sequential sampling along single strands of tail hair. Improved analytical capabilities allowed for extremely low Sr abundance samples to be analyzed for 87 Sr/86 Sr and proved capable of resolving a horse's movement between distinct regions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuan H Chau
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Brett J Tipple
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Lihai Hu
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Diego P Fernandez
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thure E Cerling
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - James R Ehleringer
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Lesley A Chesson
- IsoForensics, Inc., 421 Wakara Way, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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