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Diz JBM, Dutra MTP, Feijó IC, Sogno ALM, Silva FR, Carnevale GDEF, Moreira BDES, Silva CFM. LOW BACK PAIN ESTIMATES IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. ACTA ORTOPEDICA BRASILEIRA 2023; 31:e266012. [PMID: 38115872 PMCID: PMC10726716 DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220233105e266012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of low back pain (LBP) in adult professional soccer players. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis. Results The review included 44 studies. The pooled prevalence of LBP during ≤ 1 season was 1% (95%CI = 0-4%) in men. The pooled point prevalence of LBP was 25% (95%CI = 16-36%) in men and 28% (95%CI = 20-37%) in women. The pooled past-year prevalence of LBP was 34% (95%CI = 24-44%) in men. The pooled lifetime prevalence of LBP was 32% (95%CI = 25-39%) in men and 50% (95%CI = 32-69%) in women. The pooled frequency of LBP/total number of injuries was 2% (95%CI = 1-3%) in men and 4% (95%CI = 2-5%) in women. The pooled incidence rate of LBP/1,000 player-hours of exposure was 0.30 (95%CI = 0.17- 0.53) in men and 0.32 (95%CI = 0.06 -1.87) in women. The recurrence of LBP ranged from 3% to 63% in men. The intensity of LBP ranged from 1.68 (2.39) to 4.87 (2.14) points on a 0-10 scale (minimum = 0 and maximum = 8 points). The severity of LBP (days absent from professional activities due to pain) ranged from 2 (0) to 10 (19) days (minimum = 1 and maximum = 28 days). Conclusion Adult elite soccer players have a substantial prevalence of LBP. The frequency and incidence of LBP (compared with other conditions and sports) seems to be low. Estimates of the recurrence, intensity, and severity of LBP are uncertain. Level of Evidence II, Systematic Review of Level II Studies.
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Witwit W, Thoreson O, Swärd Aminoff A, Todd C, Jonasson P, Laxdal G, Hebelka H, Baranto A. Young football players have significantly more spinal changes on MRI compared to non‐athletes. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wisam Witwit
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Radiology St. Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital Pontiac Michigan
| | - Olof Thoreson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Swärd Aminoff
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Carl Todd
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Pàll Jonasson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Orkuhúsið Orthopedic Clinic Reykjavik Iceland
| | | | - Hanna Hebelka
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Radiology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Adad Baranto
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
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Fett D, Trompeter K, Platen P. Prevalence of back pain in a group of elite athletes exposed to repetitive overhead activity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210429. [PMID: 30677044 PMCID: PMC6345455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of back pain in athletes has been investigated in several studies, but there are still under- or uninvestigated sports discipline like sports exposed to repetitive overhead activity. Elite athletes spend much time in training and competition and, because of the nature of their disciplines, subject their bodies to a great deal of mechanical strain, which puts a high level of stress on their musculoskeletal systems. From this it is hypothesized that elite athletes who engage in repetitive overhead motions experience a higher strain on their spine and thus possibly a higher prevalence of back pain compared with an active control group. Objectives To examine the prevalence of back pain and the exact location of pain in a cohort of elite athletes with repetitive overhead activity and in a control group of physically active sport students. Additionally, to examine different characteristics of pain, and to evaluate the influence of confounders on back pain. Methods A standardized and validated online back pain questionnaire was sent by the German Olympic Sports Confederation to German national and international elite athletes, and a control group of physically active but non-elite sports students. Results The final sample comprised 181 elite athletes of the sports disciplines badminton, beach volleyball, handball, tennis and volleyball and 166 physically active controls. In elite athletes, lifetime prevalence of back pain was 85%, 12-month prevalence was 75%, 3-month prevalence was 58% and point prevalence was 38%; for the physically active control group, these prevalences were 81%, 70%, 59% and 43%, respectively. There was no significant group difference in prevalence over all time periods. The lower back was the main location of back pain in elite athletes across all disciplines and in controls; additionally a distinct problem of upper back pain was found among volleyball players. Conclusion Despite the high mechanical load inherent in the sport disciplines included in this study, the elite athletes who engaged in repetitive overhead activities did not suffer more from back pain than the physically active controls. This suggests that other mechanisms may be influencing back pain prevalences in a positive way in these athletes. Furthermore, these disciplines may practice preventive factors for back pain that outweigh their detrimental factors. Therefore, we posit that extensive prevention work is already being implemented in these sports and that there are additional individual protection factors in play. More research is required to explore these suppositions, and should include investigations into which preventive training programs are being used. Nevertheless, in volleyball particularly, a focus on stabilization/preventive training should be applied to the upper back and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fett
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharina Trompeter
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Petra Platen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Abstract
Background Back pain is a frequent health problem in the general population. The epidemiology of back pain in the general population is well researched, but detailed data on the prevalence and risk factors of back pain in athletes are rare. Objective The primary objective was to review articles about back pain in athletes to provide an overview of its prevalence in different sports and compare its prevalence among various types of sports and the general population. Data Sources A comprehensive search of articles published through May 2015 was conducted. Two independent reviewers searched six databases from inception (PubMed®, Embase, MEDLINE®, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX), using specifically developed search strategies, for relevant epidemiological research on back pain in 14- to 40-year-old athletes of Olympic disciplines. The reviewers independently evaluated the methodological quality of reviewed articles meeting the inclusion criteria to identify potential sources of bias. Relevant data were extracted from each study. Results Forty-three articles were judged to meet the inclusion criteria and were included in the assessment of methodological quality. Of these, 25 were assessed to be of high quality. Lifetime prevalence and point prevalence were the most commonly researched episodes and the lower back was the most common localization of pain. In the high-quality studies, lifetime prevalence of low back pain in athletes was 1–94%, (highest prevalence in rowing and cross-country skiing), and point prevalence of low back pain was 18–65% (lowest prevalence in basketball and highest prevalence in rowing). Conclusion The methodological heterogeneity of the included studies showed a wide range of prevalence rates and did not enable a detailed comparison of data among different sports, within one discipline, or versus the general population. Based on the results of this review, however, it seems obvious that back pain requires further study in some sports. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0645-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Heidari J, Hasenbring M, Kleinert J, Kellmann M. Stress-related psychological factors for back pain among athletes: Important topic with scarce evidence. Eur J Sport Sci 2016; 17:351-359. [PMID: 27838957 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2016.1252429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Health issues represent a frequent problem for athletes, as this particular demographic is repeatedly confronted with physically and psychologically stressful situations. Back pain (BP) materialises as comparatively common health problem being regarded as functionally limiting and psychologically straining burden for athletes. According to research conducted on athletes with BP, biomechanical and physiological mechanisms emerge as influential, whereas stress-related psychological factors appear to be neglected. For athletic injuries, the essential impact of psychological processes on injury occurrence and return from injury has already been corroborated. Hence, the aim of this literature review is to: (1) introduce a conceptual differentiation between injuries and BP; (2) summarise the results obtained regarding stress-related psychological aspects for injuries; and (3) connect the injury research to the state-of-the-art evidence regarding stress-related factors for BP among athletes. A distinction between injuries and BP could be established based on previous definitions, despite the fact that a considerable overlap between both concepts prevails. Injuries can be attributed to a physical origin, whereas BP frequently lacks this physical criterion. For BP, our enquiry yielded four studies including psychological measures of stress - with two studies specifically examining the association between BP and psychological stress among athletes longitudinally. Abundant findings from the general population support the importance of considering psychological and specifically stress-related factors in BP prevention and rehabilitation, but evidence related to the athletic field remains elusive. Further scientific investigations with a wider methodological approach are needed to deepen the knowledge about the crucial relationship between psychological stress, BP, and athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Heidari
- a Unit of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Science , Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
| | - Monika Hasenbring
- b Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology , Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
| | - Jens Kleinert
- c Department of Health and Social Psychology , German Sport University , Cologne , Germany
| | - Michael Kellmann
- a Unit of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Science , Ruhr University Bochum , Germany.,d School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Australia
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Noormohammadpour P, Rostami M, Mansournia MA, Farahbakhsh F, Pourgharib Shahi MH, Kordi R. Low back pain status of female university students in relation to different sport activities. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2015; 25:1196-203. [PMID: 26026471 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and its absence rate among female university student athletes in different types of sports. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on a standard self-reporting questionnaire was performed among 1335 athletes. Participants were female athletes who attended the National Sports Olympiad of Female University Students in basketball, volleyball, futsal, tennis, badminton, swimming, track and field, shooting, and karate. RESULTS One thousand and fifty-nine athletes with the mean (SD) age of 23.1 (3.8) years responded to the questionnaire (response rate 79%). The 12-month prevalence of LBP was 39.0%; in addition, lifetime and point prevalence of LBP were 59.7 and 17.8%, respectively. Basketball (47.9 %) and karate (44.0 %) players had reported the highest 12-month prevalence of LBP. Also, LBP prevalences in shooting (29.7 %) and badminton (42.4 %) players were not negligible. Results show that, LBP led to relatively high absence rate from training sessions (27.9%) and matches (13.0%). CONCLUSION While most of the existing literatures regarding female athletes' LBP have focused on particular sports with specific low back demands (such as skiing and rowing), many other sports have not been studied very well in this regard. Investigating LBP prevalence and related factors in other types of sports, such as combat sports, badminton and shooting, can help us better understand the prevalence of low back pain and provide us with necessary insight to take effective steps towards its prevention in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Noormohammadpour
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No 7, Al-e Ahmad St., Tehran, Iran.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Bagher Khan St., Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran.,Spine Division, Noorafshar Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Hospital, 17th St., Khodaverdi St., Niavaran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rostami
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No 7, Al-e Ahmad St., Tehran, Iran.,Spine Division, Noorafshar Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Hospital, 17th St., Khodaverdi St., Niavaran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina St., Shanzdah-e Azar St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Farahbakhsh
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No 7, Al-e Ahmad St., Tehran, Iran.,Spine Division, Noorafshar Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Hospital, 17th St., Khodaverdi St., Niavaran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Pourgharib Shahi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No 7, Al-e Ahmad St., Tehran, Iran.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Bagher Khan St., Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No 7, Al-e Ahmad St., Tehran, Iran. .,Spine Division, Noorafshar Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Hospital, 17th St., Khodaverdi St., Niavaran, Tehran, Iran.
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