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Tao Z, Guo Q, Liu C, Wei R, Han X, Lang Y, Guo Z, Hu J, Dong X, Famiyeh L. Slight transition in Chinese atmospheric Pb isotopic fingerprinting due to increasing foreign Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121296. [PMID: 36804888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric lead (Pb) pollution negatively affects human health and ecosystem, and extensive research is required to identify its sources and develop robust mitigation methods. In this study, the concentration and isotopic composition of Pb in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at five sites in the China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region were analyzed. The results showed that the Pb concentration in the BTH region declined along the northwest direction in winter owing to the East Asian monsoon. Pb isotopic signatures confirmed that anthropogenic activities significantly contributed to Pb pollution, compared with natural sources. With the increasing import of foreign Pb (with a relatively lower 208Pb/206Pb ratio) to China, we hypothesized that the unique isotopic signature of Pb in Chinese aerosols may decline over time. Therefore, the application of the isotopic approach for quantifying Pb transported from China should be carefully appraised in future research to provide a realistic estimate of the contribution of local sources and the transboundary effect consistent with air mass trajectories analysis. This study provides a theoretical reference for supporting the utilization of Δ208Pb values for better clarify the transboundary impact of Pb pollution and to reduce international disputes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Congqiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaokun Han
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaobing Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xinyuan Dong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lord Famiyeh
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang E Rd, Ningbo 315100, China
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Non-traditional stable isotopic analysis for source tracing of atmospheric particulate matter. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Chételat J, Cousens B, Hebert CE, Jung TS, Mundy L, Thomas PJ, Zhang S. Isotopic evidence for bioaccumulation of aerosol lead in fish and wildlife of western Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 302:119074. [PMID: 35231539 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic element which is released as a result of anthropogenic activities, and Pb stable isotope ratios provide a means to distinguish sources and transport pathways in receiving environments. In this study, isotopes of bioaccumulated Pb (204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) were examined for diverse terrestrial and aquatic biota from three areas in western Canada: (a) otter, marten, gulls, terns, and wood frogs in the Alberta Oil Sands Region (AOSR), (b) fish, plankton, and gulls of Great Slave Lake (Yellowknife, Northwest Territories), and (c) wolverine from the Yukon. Aquatic and terrestrial biota from different habitats and a broad geographic area showed a remarkable similarity in their Pb isotope composition (grand mean ± 1 standard deviation: 206Pb/207Pb = 1.189 ± 0.007, 208Pb/207Pb = 2.435 ± 0.009, n = 116). Comparisons with Pb isotope ratios of local sources and environmental receptors showed that values in biota were most similar to those of atmospheric Pb, either measured in local aerosols influenced by industrial activities in the AOSR or in lichens (an aerosol proxy) near Yellowknife and in the Yukon. Biotic Pb isotope ratios were different from those of local geogenic Pb. Although the Pb isotope measurements could not unambiguously identify the specific anthropogenic sources of atmospheric Pb in biota, initial evidence points to the importance of fossil fuels currently used in transportation and power generation. Further research should characterize bioavailable chemical species of Pb in aerosols and important emission sources in western Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Chételat
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | - Brian Cousens
- Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology Research Centre, Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Craig E Hebert
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Thomas S Jung
- Yukon Department of Environment, Whitehorse, Yukon, Y1A 2C6, Canada
| | - Lukas Mundy
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology Research Centre, Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Wang Z, Coyte RM, Cowan EA, Stapleton HM, Dwyer GS, Vengosh A. Evaluation and Integration of Geochemical Indicators for Detecting Trace Levels of Coal Fly Ash in Soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10387-10397. [PMID: 34282893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coal combustion residuals (CCRs), in particular, coal fly ash, are one of the major industrial solid wastes in the U.S., and due to their high concentrations of toxic elements, they could pose environmental and human health risks. Yet detecting coal fly ash in the environment is challenging given its small particle size. Here, we explore the utility and sensitivity of using geochemical indicators (trace elements, Ra nuclides, and Pb stable isotopes), combined with physical observation by optical point counting, for detecting the presence of trace levels of coal fly ash particles in surface soils near two coal-fired power plants in North Carolina and Tennessee. Through experimental work, mixing models, and field data, we show that trace elements can serve as a first-order detection tool for fly ash presence in surface soils; however, the accuracy and sensitivity of detection is limited for cases with low fly ash proportion (i.e., <10%) in the soil, which requires the integration of more robust Ra and Pb isotopic tracers. This study revealed the presence of fly ash particles in surface soils from both the recreational and residential areas, which suggests the fugitive emission of fly ash from the nearby coal-fired power plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Rachel M Coyte
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ellen A Cowan
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
| | - Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Gary S Dwyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Cheema AI, Liu G, Yousaf B, Abbas Q, Zhou H. A comprehensive review of biogeochemical distribution and fractionation of lead isotopes for source tracing in distinct interactive environmental compartments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:135658. [PMID: 31874752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a non-essential and extremely noxious metallic-element whose biogeochemical cycle has been influenced predominantly by increasing human activities to a great extent. The introduction and enrichment of this ubiquitous contaminant in the terrestrial-environment has a long history and getting more attention due to its adverse health effects to living organisms even at very low exposure levels. Its lethal-effects can vary widely depending on the atmospheric-depositions, fates and distribution of Pb isotopes (i.e., 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb &208Pb) in the terrestrial-environment. Thus, it is essential to understand the depositional behavior and transformation mechanism of Pb and the factors affecting Pb isotopes composition in the terrestrial-compartments. Owing to the persistence nature of Pb-isotopic fractions, regardless of ongoing biogeochemical-processes taking place in soils and in other interlinked terrestrial-compartments of the biosphere makes Pb isotope ratios (Pb-IRs) more recognizable as a powerful and an efficient-tool for tracing the source(s) and helped uncover pertinent migration and transformation processes. This review discusses the ongoing developments in tracing migration pathway and distribution of lead in various terrestrial-compartments and investigates the processes regulating the Pb isotope geochemistry taking into account the source identification of lead, its transformation among miscellaneous terrestrial-compartments and detoxification mechanism in soil-plant system. Additionally, this compendium reveals that Pb-pools in various terrestrial-compartments differ in Pb isotopic fractionations. In order to improve understanding of partition behaviors and biogeochemical pathways of Pb isotope in the terrestrial environment, future works should involve investigation of changes in Pb isotopic compositions during weathering processes and atmospheric-biological sub-cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Imtiyaz Cheema
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Qumber Abbas
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Huihui Zhou
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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6
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Fan J, Dai W, Wang Y, Zhang B, Fang J, Lou L, Lin Q. Seasonal disparities in airborne lead (Pb) and associated foliar uptake by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.): A Pb isotopic approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:134734. [PMID: 31780143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Foliar uptake of airborne lead (Pb) may be particularly important for Pb accumulation in plant organs. However, the aerosol bioconcentration factor (BCF) in different seasons has seldom been reported. In the present study, we collected ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and size-segregated aerosols (SSA) during the corresponding growing seasons, and analyzed these for both Pb concentrations and isotopic ratios. Airborne Pb showed a seasonally varying concentration that was approximately 20% higher in winter than in spring. The bioavailability index, however, was higher in spring. Coupling the stable isotope technique with the bioavailable Pb of aerosol was more reliable in identifying airborne Pb accumulation in leaves than the total determination, suggesting that the hydrophilic absorption pathway was probably dominant for the foliar uptake of Pb in ryegrass. Contributions of airborne Pb accumulation were 88%-92% for washed ryegrass growing outdoors, indicating that the foliar uptake of Pb in the field was mainly from atmospheric deposition. The aerosol BCF of Pb for ryegrass was 6.4-11.4 m3/g in winter and 22.9-31.5 m3/g in spring. The increased aerosol BCF in spring was due to the suitable temperature, abundant rainfall, and increased Pb solubility of the aerosol. Therefore, our results indicate that, for the foliar uptake of Pb, both the aerosol Pb concentration, composition, and seasonal influence should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Baofeng Zhang
- Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, China.
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Graney JR, Edgerton ES, Landis MS. Using Pb isotope ratios of particulate matter and epiphytic lichens from the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada to quantify local, regional, and global Pb source contributions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:1293-1304. [PMID: 30841402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air particulate matter (PM) was collected at the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association Bertha Ganter Fort McKay monitoring station in the Athabasca Oil Sand Region (AOSR) in Alberta, Canada from February 2010 to July 2011 as part of an air quality source assessment study. Daily 24-hour duration fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) PM was collected using a sequential dichotomous sampler. 100 pairs of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 were selected for lead (Pb) concentration and isotope analysis. Pb isotope and concentration results from 250 epiphytic lichen samples collected as far as 160 km from surface mining operations in 2008, 2011, and 2014 were analyzed to examine longer term spatial variations in Pb source contributions. A key finding was recognition of thorogenic 208Pb from eastern Asia in the springtime in the PM2.5 in 2010 and 2011. 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb isotope ratios were used in a three-component mixing model to quantify local, regional, and global Pb sources in the PM and lichen data sets. 47 ± 3% of the Pb in the PM2.5 at AMS-1 was attributed to sources from eastern Asia. Combined results from PM10-2.5 and PM2.5 indicate PM2.5 Pb contributions from eastern Asia (34%) exceed local AOSR sources of PM2.5 Pb (20%), western Canada sources of PM2.5 Pb (19%), and PM10-2.5 Pb from fugitive dust including oil sands (14%), tailings (10%), and haul roads (3%). The lichen analysis indicates regional sources contribute 46% of the Pb, local sources 32%, and global sources 22% over the 2008-2014 timeframe. Local sources dominate atmospheric Pb deposition to lichens at near field sites (0-30 km from mining operations) whereas regional Pb sources are prevalent at distal sites (30-160 km). The Pb isotope methodology successfully quantified trans-Pacific transport of Pb to the AOSR superimposed over the aerosol footprint of the world's largest concentration of bitumen mining and upgrading facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Graney
- Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
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Kang JH, Hwang H, Han C, Hur SD, Kim SJ, Hong S. Pb concentrations and isotopic record preserved in northwest Greenland snow. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:294-301. [PMID: 28854384 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present high-resolution lead (Pb) concentrations and isotopic ratios from a northwest Greenland snow pit covering a six-year period between 2003 and 2009. Pb concentrations ranged widely from 2.7 pg g-1 to 97.3 pg g-1, with a mean concentration of 21.6 pg g-1. These values are higher than those recorded for the pre-industrial period. Pb concentrations exhibit seasonal spikes in winter-spring layers. Crustal Pb enrichment factors (EF) suggest that the northwest Greenland snow pit is highly enriched with Pb of predominantly anthropogenic origin. The 206Pb/207Pb ratios ranged from 1.144 to 1.169 with a mean value of 1.156, which fall between less radiogenic Eurasian-type and more radiogenic Canadian-type signatures. This result suggests that several potential source areas of Pb impact on northwest Greenland. Abrupt changes in Pb concentrations and Pb isotope ratios were observed and related to seasonal shifts in source regions of aerosol transport. The 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratio increased gradually between 2003 and 2009. The similarity of the three-isotope plot (206Pb/207Pb versus 208Pb/207Pb) between some of our samples and Chinese urban aerosols suggests a steadily increasing contribution of Chinese Pb to northwest Greenland snow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ho Kang
- Division of Polar Paleoenvironment, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heejin Hwang
- Division of Polar Paleoenvironment, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Han
- Division of Polar Paleoenvironment, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Do Hur
- Division of Polar Paleoenvironment, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joong Kim
- Division of Polar Climate Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Hong
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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El Hayek E, El Samrani A, Lartiges B, Kazpard V, Benoit M, Munoz M. Potential of Opuntia ficus-indica for air pollution biomonitoring: a lead isotopic study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17799-17809. [PMID: 26160126 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (Ofi) is a long-domesticated cactus that is widespread throughout arid and semiarid regions. Ofi is grown for both its fruits and edible cladodes, which are flattened photosynthetic stems. Young cladodes develop from mother cladodes, thus forming series of cladodes of different ages. Therefore, successive cladodes may hold some potential for biomonitoring over several years the local atmospheric pollution. In this study, cladodes, roots, dust deposited onto the cladodes, and soil samples were collected in the vicinity of three heavily polluted sites, i.e., a fertilizer industry, the road side of a highway, and mine tailings. The lead content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to characterize the cladode surfaces and the nature of dust deposit, and the lead isotopes were analyzed to identify the origin of Pb. The results show that (i) Ofi readily bioaccumulates Pb, (ii) the lead isotopic composition of cladodes evidences a foliar pathway of lead into Ofi and identifies the relative contributions of local Pb sources, and (iii) an evolution of air quality is recorded with successive cladodes, which makes Ofi a potential biomonitor to be used in environmental and health studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane El Hayek
- Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (UMR CNRS-UPS 5563 IRD 234), University of Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France.
- Plateforme de Recherche et d'Analyses en Sciences de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
| | - Antoine El Samrani
- Plateforme de Recherche et d'Analyses en Sciences de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Bruno Lartiges
- Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (UMR CNRS-UPS 5563 IRD 234), University of Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Veronique Kazpard
- Plateforme de Recherche et d'Analyses en Sciences de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Mathieu Benoit
- Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (UMR CNRS-UPS 5563 IRD 234), University of Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Marguerite Munoz
- Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (UMR CNRS-UPS 5563 IRD 234), University of Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
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Sherman LS, Blum JD, Dvonch JT, Gratz LE, Landis MS. The use of Pb, Sr, and Hg isotopes in Great Lakes precipitation as a tool for pollution source attribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 502:362-374. [PMID: 25265397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The anthropogenic emission and subsequent deposition of heavy metals including mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) present human health and environmental concerns. Although it is known that local and regional sources of these metals contribute to deposition in the Great Lakes region, it is difficult to trace emissions from point sources to impacted sites. Recent studies suggest that metal isotope ratios may be useful for distinguishing between and tracing source emissions. We measured Pb, strontium (Sr), and Hg isotope ratios in daily precipitation samples that were collected at seven sites across the Great Lakes region between 2003 and 2007. Lead isotope ratios ((207)Pb/(206)Pb=0.8062 to 0.8554) suggest that Pb deposition was influenced by coal combustion and processing of Mississippi Valley-Type Pb ore deposits. Regional differences in Sr isotope ratios ((87)Sr/(86)Sr=0.70859 to 0.71155) are likely related to coal fly ash and soil dust. Mercury isotope ratios (δ(202)Hg=-1.13 to 0.13‰) also varied among the sites, likely due to regional differences in coal isotopic composition, and fractionation occurring within industrial facilities and in the atmosphere. These data represent the first combined characterization of Pb, Sr, and Hg isotope ratios in precipitation collected across the Great Lakes region. We demonstrate the utility of multiple metal isotope ratios in parallel with traditional trace element multivariate statistical modeling to enable more complete pollution source attribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Sherman
- University of Michigan, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1100 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Joel D Blum
- University of Michigan, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1100 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - J Timothy Dvonch
- University of Michigan, Air Quality Laboratory, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lynne E Gratz
- University of Washington-Bothell, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
| | - Matthew S Landis
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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