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Beyene BB, Li J, Yuan J, Liu D, Chen Z, Kim J, Kang H, Freeman C, Ding W. Climatic zone effects of non-native plant invasion on CH 4 and N 2O emissions from natural wetland ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167855. [PMID: 37844632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasion can significantly alter the carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetlands, which potentially affects the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The extent of these effects can vary depending on several factors, including the species of invasive plants, their growth patterns, and the climatic conditions prevailing in the wetland. Understanding the global effects of plant invasion on the emission of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) is crucial for the climate-smart management of wetlands. Here, we performed a global meta-analysis of 207 paired case studies that quantified the effect of non-native plant invasion on CH4 and N2O emissions in tropical/sub-tropical (TS) and temperate (TE) wetlands. The average emission rate of CH4 from the TS wetlands increased significantly from 337 to 577 kg CH4 ha-1 yr-1 in areas where native plants had been displaced by invasive plants. Similarly, in TE wetlands, the emission rates increased from 211 to 299 kg CH4 ha-1 yr-1 following the invasion of alien plant species. The increase in CH4 emissions at invaded sites was attributed to the increase in plant biomass, soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil moisture (SM). The effects of plant invasion on N2O emissions differed between TS and TE wetlands in that there was no significant effect in TS wetlands, whereas the N2O emissions reduced in TE wetlands. This difference in N2O emissions between climate zones was attributed to the depletion of NH4+ and NO3- in soils and the lower soil temperature in temperate regions. Overall, plant invasion increased the global net CH4 emissions from natural wetlands by 10.54 Tg CH4 yr-1. However, there were variations in CH4 emissions across different climatic zones, indicated by a net increase in CH4 emissions, of 9.97 and 0.57 Tg CH4 yr-1 in TS and TE wetlands, respectively. These findings highlight that plant invasion not only strongly stimulates the emission of CH4 from TS wetlands, but also suppresses N2O emissions from TE wetlands. These novel insights immensely improve our current understanding of the effects of climatic zones on biogeochemical controlling factors that influence the production of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from wetlands following plant invasion. By analyzing the specific mechanisms by which invasive plants affect GHG emissions in different climatic zones, effective strategies can be devised to reduce GHG emissions and preserve wetland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahilu Bezabih Beyene
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China; Department of Natural Resources Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma 307, Ethiopia
| | - Junjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Junji Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Deyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zengming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Kang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Freeman
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Weixin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Chen Y, Han M, Qin W, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Zhu B. Effects of whole-soil warming on CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes in an alpine grassland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17033. [PMID: 38273530 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Global climate warming could affect the methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) fluxes between soils and the atmosphere, but how CH4 and N2 O fluxes respond to whole-soil warming is unclear. Here, we for the first time investigated the effects of whole-soil warming on CH4 and N2 O fluxes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau, and also studied the effects of experimental warming on CH4 and N2 O fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems through a global-scale meta-analysis. The whole-soil warming (0-100 cm, +4°C) significantly elevated soil N2 O emission by 101%, but had a minor effect on soil CH4 uptake. However, the meta-analysis revealed that experimental warming did not significantly alter CH4 and N2 O fluxes, and it may be that most field warming experiments could only heat the surface soils. Moreover, the warming-induced higher plant litter and available N in soils may be the main reason for the higher N2 O emission under whole-soil warming in the alpine grassland. We need to pay more attention to the long-term response of greenhouse gases (including CH4 and N2 O fluxes) from different soil depths to whole-soil warming over year-round, which could help us more accurately assess and predict the ecosystem-climate feedback under realistic warming scenarios in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengguang Han
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkuan Qin
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem, and Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Zhang W, Tao X, Hu Z, Kang E, Yan Z, Zhang X, Wang J. The driving effects of nitrogen deposition on nitrous oxide and associated gene abundances at two water table levels in an alpine peatland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165525. [PMID: 37451456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Alpine peatlands are recognized as a weak or negligible source of nitrous oxide (N2O). Anthropogenic activities and climate change resulted in the altered water table (WT) levels and increased nitrogen (N) deposition, which could potentially transition this habitat into a N2O emission hotspot. However, the underlying mechanism related with the effects is still uncertain. Hence, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to address the response of growing-season N2O emissions and the gene abundances of nitrification (bacterial amoA) and denitrification (narG, nirS, norB and nosZ) to the increased N deposition (20 kg N ha-1 yr-1) at two WT levels (WT-30, 30 cm below soil surface; WT10, 10 cm above soil surface) in the Zoige alpine peatland, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that the WT did not affect N2O emissions, and this was attributed with the limitation of soil NO3-. The higher WT level increased denitrification (narG and nirS gene abundance) resulting in the depletion of soil NO3-, but the consequent NO3- deficiency further limited denitrification, while the WT did not affect nitrification (bacterial amoA gene abundance). Meanwhile, the N deposition increased N2O emissions, regardless of WT levels. This was associated with the N-deposition induced increase in denitrification-related gene abundances of narG, nirS, norB and nosZ at WT-30 and narG at WT10. Additionally, the N2O emission factor assigned to N deposition was 1.3 % at WT-30 and 0.9 % at WT10, respectively. Our study provided comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms referring N2O emissions in response to the interactions between climate change and human disturbance from this high-altitude peatland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantong Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China; Insititute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610218, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuping Tao
- Insititute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610218, China
| | - Zhengyi Hu
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Enze Kang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zhongqing Yan
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China; Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba 624500, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China; Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba 624500, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China; Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba 624500, China.
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Wang Z, Xing A, Shen H. Effects of nitrogen addition on the combined global warming potential of three major soil greenhouse gases: A global meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:121848. [PMID: 37244533 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Increased nitrogen (N) deposition has a great impact on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and numerous studies have revealed the individual effects of N addition on three major GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N2O). Nevertheless, quantitative evaluation of the effects of N addition on the global warming potential (GWP) of GHGs based on simultaneous measurements is needed not only to better understand the comprehensive effect of N deposition on GHGs but also for precise estimation of ecosystem GHG fluxes in response to N deposition. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis using a dataset with 124 simultaneous measurements of the three major GHGs from 54 studies to assess the effects of N addition on the combined global warming potential (CGWP) of these soil GHGs. The results showed that the relative sensitivity of the CGWP to N addition was 0.43%/kg N ha-1 yr-1, indicating an increase in the CGWP. Among the ecosystems studied, wetlands are considerable GHG sources with the highest relative sensitivity to N addition. Overall, CO2 contributed the most to the N addition-induced CGWP change (72.61%), followed by N2O (27.02%) and CH4 (0.37%), but the contributions of the three GHGs varied across ecosystems. Moreover, the effect size of the CGWP had a positive relationship with N addition rate and mean annual temperature and a negative relationship with mean annual precipitation. Our findings suggest that N deposition may influence global warming from the perspective of the CGWP of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Our results also provide reference values that may reduce uncertainties in future projections of the effects of N deposition on GHGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aijun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Xiao S, Wang C, Yu K, Liu G, Wu S, Wang J, Niu S, Zou J, Liu S. Enhanced CO 2 uptake is marginally offset by altered fluxes of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases in global forests and grasslands under N deposition. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5829-5849. [PMID: 37485988 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing impact of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on terrestrial greenhouse gas (GHG) budget, through driving both the net atmospheric CO2 exchange and the emission or uptake of non-CO2 GHGs (CH4 and N2 O), few studies have assessed the climatic impact of forests and grasslands under N deposition globally based on different bottom-up approaches. Here, we quantify the effects of N deposition on biomass C increment, soil organic C (SOC), CH4 and N2 O fluxes and, ultimately, the net ecosystem GHG balance of forests and grasslands using a global comprehensive dataset. We showed that N addition significantly increased plant C uptake (net primary production) in forests and grasslands, to a larger extent for the aboveground C (aboveground net primary production), whereas it only caused a small or insignificant enhancement of SOC pool in both upland systems. Nitrogen addition had no significant effect on soil heterotrophic respiration (RH ) in both forests and grasslands, while a significant N-induced increase in soil CO2 fluxes (RS , soil respiration) was observed in grasslands. Nitrogen addition significantly stimulated soil N2 O fluxes in forests (76%), to a larger extent in grasslands (87%), but showed a consistent trend to decrease soil uptake of CH4 , suggesting a declined sink capacity of forests and grasslands for atmospheric CH4 under N enrichment. Overall, the net GHG balance estimated by the net ecosystem production-based method (forest, 1.28 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 vs. grassland, 0.58 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 ) was greater than those estimated using the SOC-based method (forest, 0.32 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 vs. grassland, 0.18 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 ) caused by N addition. Our findings revealed that the enhanced soil C sequestration by N addition in global forests and grasslands could be only marginally offset (1.5%-4.8%) by the combined effects of its stimulation of N2 O emissions together with the reduced soil uptake of CH4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Genyuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Wang S, Guo Y, Cui X. Effects of nitrogen addition on greenhouse gas fluxes during continuous freeze-thaw cycles in a cold temperate forest. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88406-88416. [PMID: 37438500 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Both nitrogen (N) deposition and soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) induce pulses of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in cold temperate zones due to changes in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turnover. However, the combined effects of N addition and FTCs on GHG fluxes have received little research attention, particularly in boreal forests. We conducted a laboratory incubation experiment using intact soil cores from Rhododendron dauricum-Larix dahurica plots to investigate the GHG flux response to these combined effects. We separated the soil samples into seven groups (no, low, medium, and high sodium nitrate addition and low, medium, and high ammonium chloride addition) and exposed each group to continuous FTC conditions. The N2O and CO2 emissions were eventually stimulated by the FTCs, while CH4 uptake was inhibited by FTCs but responded differently under different N addition treatments. All the treatments had substantially increased N2O emissions compared to the control. However, the soil respiration rate significantly increased only with medium sodium nitrate addition, and high levels of N addition (regardless of form) inhibited CH4 uptake. These findings demonstrate that FTCs and N addition (in various forms and levels) have considerable effects on GHG emissions in temperate forest ecosystems. Moreover, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and inorganic nitrogen in soil are potential factors that drive GHG emissions and are necessary considerations in predicting future feedback effects of GHG emissions on climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafen Guo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyang Cui
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
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You Y, Liu Y, Xiao T, Hou F. Effects of grazing and nitrogen application on greenhouse gas emissions in alpine meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164894. [PMID: 37343880 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Overgrazing and injudicious nitrogen applications have increased emissions of greenhouse gases from grassland ecosystems. To explore the effects and potential mechanisms of grazing, nitrogen application, and their interaction with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, field experiments were conducted on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for three consecutive years. Alpine meadow plots were subjected to light (8 sheep ha-1) and heavy (16 sheep ha-1) stocking rates, with or without ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) (90 kg N ha-1 yr-1) treatment to simulate soil nitrogen deposition. During early warm growth season (May-June), peak growth season (July-September), and early cold season (October-November), static-chamber gas chromatography was used to analyze the soil's greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, and CH4). Results indicated that light stocking rate (LG) led to an increase in cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions, while also promoting CH4 uptake. Conversely, heavy stocking rate (HG) produced contrasting outcomes. Additionally, nitrogen applications significantly increased the short-term CO2 and N2O fluxes peaks. Combined treatment of nitrogen application and light stocking rate (LG + N) resulted in increased CO2 and N2O emissions while decreased CH4 uptake, consequently leading to a significant increase in global warming potential. According to the structural equation model, we discovered that nitrogen application and grazing affected GHG fluxes both directly and indirectly through their impact on the environmental factors. Our findings suggest that in the context of increasing nitrogen deposition in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a moderate increase in stocking rate is more effective than reducing grazing intensity for mitigating global warming potential in alpine meadow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Tianhao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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Wang Y, Xiao J, Ma Y, Ding J, Chen X, Ding Z, Luo Y. Persistent and enhanced carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands on Earth's Third Pole. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade6875. [PMID: 37196073 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade6875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands, composed of alpine meadows and steppes, in the Tibetan Plateau has an essential role in regulating the regional carbon cycle. However, inadequate understanding of its spatiotemporal dynamics and regulatory mechanisms restricts our ability to determine potential climate change impacts. We assessed the spatial and temporal patterns and mechanisms of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide in the Tibetan Plateau. The carbon sequestration of the alpine grasslands ranged from 26.39 to 79.19 Tg C year-1 and had an increasing rate of 1.14 Tg C year-1 between 1982 and 2018. While alpine meadows were relatively strong carbon sinks, the semiarid and arid alpine steppes were nearly carbon neutral. Alpine meadow areas experienced strong increases in carbon sequestration mainly because of increasing temperatures, while alpine steppe areas had weak increases mainly due to increasing precipitation. Carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands on the plateau has undergone persistent enhancement under a warmer and wetter climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Environment and Resources (TPESER) ,, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingfeng Xiao
- Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Yaoming Ma
- Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Environment and Resources (TPESER) ,, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes, Dingri 858200, China
- Kathmandu Center of Research and Education, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinzhi Ding
- Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Environment and Resources (TPESER) ,, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuelong Chen
- Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science, Environment and Resources (TPESER) ,, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhiyong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Rafalska A, Walkiewicz A, Osborne B, Klumpp K, Bieganowski A. Variation in methane uptake by grassland soils in the context of climate change - A review of effects and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162127. [PMID: 36764535 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grassland soils are climate-dependent ecosystems that have a significant greenhouse gas mitigating function through their ability to store large amounts of carbon (C). However, what is often not recognized is that they can also exhibit a high methane (CH4) uptake capacity that could be influenced by future increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and variations in temperature and water availability. While there is a wealth of information on C sequestration in grasslands there is less consensus on how climate change impacts on CH4 uptake or the underlying mechanisms involved. To address this, we assessed existing knowledge on the impact of climate change components on CH4 uptake by grassland soils. Increases in precipitation associated with soils with a high background soil moisture content generally resulted in a reduction in CH4 uptake or even net emissions, while the effect was opposite in soils with a relatively low background moisture content. Initially wet grasslands subject to the combined effects of warming and water deficits may absorb more CH4, mainly due to increased gas diffusivity. However, in the longer-term heat and drought stress may reduce the activity of methanotrophs when the mean soil moisture content is below the optimum for their survival. Enhanced plant productivity and growth under elevated CO2, increased soil moisture and changed nutrient concentrations, can differentially affect methanotrophic activity, which is often reduced by increasing N deposition. Our estimations showed that CH4 uptake in grassland soils can change from -57.7 % to +6.1 % by increased precipitation, from -37.3 % to +85.3 % by elevated temperatures, from +0.87 % to +92.4 % by decreased precipitation, and from -66.7 % to +27.3 % by elevated CO2. In conclusion, the analysis suggests that grasslands under the influence of warming and drought may absorb even more CH4, mainly because of reduced soil water contents and increased gas diffusivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Rafalska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Walkiewicz
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Bruce Osborne
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katja Klumpp
- INRAE, University of Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, UREP Unité de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrzej Bieganowski
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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Wang W, Liang H, Li F, Su H, Li H, Gao D. Water level of inland saline wetlands with implications for CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes during the autumn freeze-thaw period in Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50125-50133. [PMID: 36790702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Zhalong wetland is the largest inland saline wetland in Asia and susceptible to imbalance and frequent flooding during the freeze-thaw period. Changes in water level and temperature can alter the rate of greenhouse gas release from wetlands and have the potential to alter Earth's carbon budget. However, there are few reports on how water level, temperature, and their interactions affect greenhouse gas flux in inland saline wetland during the freeze-thaw period. This study revealed the characteristics of CO2 and CH4 fluxes in Zhalong saline wetlands at different water levels during the autumn freeze-thaw period and clarifies the response of CO2 and CH4 fluxes to water levels. The significance analysis of cumulative CO2 fluxes at different water levels showed that water levels did not have a significant effect on cumulative CO2 release fluxes from wetlands. Water levels, temperature, soil moisture content, soil nitrate, and ammonium nitrogen content and organic carbon content could explain 24.5-98.9% of CO2 and CH4 flux variation. There were significant differences in the average and cumulative CH4 fluxes at different water levels. The higher the water levels, the higher the CH4 fluxes. In short, water level had a significant effect on wetland methane fluxes, but not on carbon dioxide fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Su
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Huiju Li
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100044, Beijing, China
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11
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Li Z, Li Y, Hu G, Wu H, Liang Y, Yan J, He S, Ganjurjav H, Gao Q. Reclamation intensifies the positive effects of warming on N 2O emission in an alpine meadow. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162160. [PMID: 37056506 PMCID: PMC10088515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Climatic warming can alter grassland nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions due to soil property alterations. However, how the reclamation affect grassland N2O flux under warming conditions remains unclear in alpine meadow ecosystems. We conducted a long-term manipulative warming experiment in a natural alpine meadow and a cultivated grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to explore the separate and interactive effects of warming and reclamation on the soil N2O emission flux. N2O fluxes were measured under four treatments including control (CK), warming (W), reclamation (R) and warming under reclamation (WR) from August 2018 to July 2019. We measured the content of soil C, N nutrients and 5 enzymatic activities in 2018 and 2019. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used to clarify how soil N availability and soil enzyme activities affect N2O emission. Our results indicated that compared to the ambient conditions for the growing and non-growing seasons, soil N2O flux was significantly increased 59.1% and 152.0% by warming and 28.4% and 142.4% by reclamation, respectively. Compared with W, WR significantly increased N2O flux by 18.9% and 81.1% during the growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. Soil moisture was negatively correlated to enzymatic activity and N2O flux. Both warming and reclamation promoted soil nitrification by increasing related enzymatic activities that acted to increase the N2O flux. Reclamation resulted in a greater sensitivity of the activity of ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase to warming, thus enhancing the effects of warming on increasing the N2O flux. Our research indicated that reclamation can additionally increase the effects of warming on N2O emissions for alpine meadows. Therefore, excessive expansion of arable land should be avoided, and new reclamation sites should be planned scientifically, as warming is expected to intensify in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Tianjin Meteorological Bureau, Tianjin, China
| | - Guozheng Hu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, China
| | - Hongbao Wu
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Ordos Foresry and Grassland Science Institute, Ordos, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Nagqu Grassland Station, Nagqu, China
| | | | - Hasbagan Ganjurjav
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, China
| | - Qingzhu Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, China
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12
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Shen H, Dong S, Xiao J, Zhi Y. Short-term warming and N deposition alter the photosynthetic pigments trade-off in leaves of Leymus secalinus growing in different alpine grassland habitats on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15282-15292. [PMID: 36166121 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Warming and N (nitrogen) deposition are the two main driving factors of global change. We examined the effects of increased N deposition (8 kg ha-1 year-1) and warming, as well as their combined effect on the leaf photosynthetic pigments of Leymus secalinus, which is one of the key alpine plants growing in different grassland habitats on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. In 2014, the experiments were established in 12 plots (2×5m) of three types of habitats including alpine meadow (AM), alpine steppe (AS), and cultivated grassland (CG) with the following treatments: CK (control treatment), N (only N deposition), W (only warming), and W&N (warming combined with N deposition). Results showed that the effects of warming and N deposition on photosynthetic pigments of Leymus secalinus varied with different grassland habitat types. In three grassland types, warming led to no significant effects on the total chlorophyll content of L. secalinus, while N deposition alone only significantly enhanced total chlorophyll content in alpine meadow and cultivated grassland. N deposition combined with warming only significantly enhanced total chlorophyll content of L. secalinus in alpine steppe and cultivated grassland. Chla content plays an important role in determining the variation of total chlorophyll content. Chla/Chlb ratio of L. secalinus was more stable in alpine meadow compared with that of L. secalinus in the other two grassland types. Car/Chl ratio of L. secalinus was not prone to be affected by warming and N deposition in all grassland types. Leaf N content was obviously positively correlated with photosynthetic pigments, especially Chla content. Warming and N deposition all affected photosynthetic pigment dynamics and tended to increase Chla by enhancing its weight. Our results highlighted that both warming and N deposition as well as their combination can alter the trade-off of photosynthetic pigments through enhancing the Chla ratio in L. secalinus. In addition, growing habitats should be within consideration when studying alpine plants adaptation mechanism to global change in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yangliu Zhi
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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13
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Plant nitrogen retention in alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau under multi-level nitrogen addition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:877. [PMID: 36650209 PMCID: PMC9845361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition might alleviate degradation of alpine grassland caused by N limitation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). To determine such limitation and quantify the N-induced N retention in plant, a six-year fertilization experiment with six levels of N addition rates (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 g N m-2 yr-1) was conducted in the Namco alpine steppe and additional 89 experiments with multi-level N addition were also synthesized worldwide among which 27 sites were on the TP. In general, N addition promoted N retention in plants, and this increasing trend diminished at the critical N rate (Ncr). The maximum N retention capacity (MNRC) of plants at Ncr was strongly correlated with initial aboveground net primary productivity with a slope of 0.02, and the MNRC of grasslands globally ranged from 0.35 to 42.59 g N m-2 yr-1, approximately account for 39% of Ncr. Tibetan alpine grassland had a low average MNRC (2.24 g N m-2 yr-1) with distinct regional characteristic, which was much lower in the western TP (0.80 g N m-2 yr-1) than the eastern TP (4.10 g N m-2 yr-1). Our results inferred 0.33-1.21 Tg N yr-1 (0.22-0.79 g N m-2 yr-1) can be retained and 5.65-20.11 Tg C yr-1 (3.67-13.06 g C m-2 yr-1) can be gained by Tibetan alpine grasslands under current N deposition level. With the aggravation of N deposition, the alpine steppe ecosystem might continuously absorb N and C until N deposition reaches Ncr.
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14
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Luo L, Yu J, Zhu L, Gikas P, He Y, Xiao Y, Deng S, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhou W, Deng O. Nitrogen addition may promote soil organic carbon storage and CO 2 emission but reduce dissolved organic carbon in Zoige peatland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116376. [PMID: 36208518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of nitrogen (N) deposition, N input can affect soil C cycling since microbes may trigger a series of activities to balance the supply and demand of nutrients. However, as one of the largest C sinks on earth, the role of extra N addition in affecting peatland soil C and its potential mechanism remains unclear and debated. Therefore, this study chose the largest peatland in China (i.e., Zoige, mostly N-limited) to systematically explore the potential changes of soil C, microbes, and ecoenzymes caused by extra N input at the lab scale incubation. Three different types of soils were collected and incubated with different levels of NH4NO3 solution for 45 days. After incubation, N input generally increased soil organic C (SOC) but decreased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Zoige peatland soils. Moreover, CO2 and CH4 emissions were significantly increased after high N input (equal to 5 mg NH4NO3 g-1 dry soils). Through a series of analyses, it was observed that microbial communities and ecoenzyme activities mainly influenced the changes of different C components. Collectively, this study implied that the increasing N deposition might help C sequestration in N-limited peatland soils; simultaneously, the risk of increased CO2 and CH4 by N input in global warming should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Jianlan Yu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Lingyao Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Petros Gikas
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, 73100, Greece
| | - Yan He
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yinlong Xiao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Shihuai Deng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yanzong Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Ouping Deng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China; College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China.
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15
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Qi Q, Zhao J, Tian R, Zeng Y, Xie C, Gao Q, Dai T, Wang H, He JS, Konstantinidis KT, Yang Y, Zhou J, Guo X. Microbially enhanced methane uptake under warming enlarges ecosystem carbon sink in a Tibetan alpine grassland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:6906-6920. [PMID: 36191158 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau store 23.2 Pg soil organic carbon, which becomes susceptible to microbial degradation with climate warming. However, accurate prediction of how the soil carbon stock changes under future climate warming is hampered by our limited understanding of belowground complex microbial communities. Here, we show that 4 years of warming strongly stimulated methane (CH4 ) uptake by 93.8% and aerobic respiration (CO2 ) by 11.3% in the soils of alpine grassland ecosystem. Due to no significant effects of warming on net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), the warming-stimulated CH4 uptake enlarged the carbon sink capacity of whole ecosystem. Furthermore, precipitation alternation did not alter such warming effects, despite the significant effects of precipitation on NEE and soil CH4 fluxes were observed. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that warming led to significant shifts in the overall microbial community structure and the abundances of functional genes, which contrasted to no detectable changes after 2 years of warming. Carbohydrate utilization genes were significantly increased by warming, corresponding with significant increases in soil aerobic respiration. Increased methanotrophic genes and decreased methanogenic genes were observed under warming, which significantly (R2 = .59, p < .001) correlated with warming-enhanced CH4 uptakes. Furthermore, 212 metagenome-assembled genomes were recovered, including many populations involved in the degradation of various organic matter and a highly abundant methylotrophic population of the Methyloceanibacter genus. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that specific microbial functional traits for CH4 and CO2 cycling processes respond to climate warming with differential effects on soil greenhouse gas emissions. Alpine grasslands may play huge roles in mitigating climate warming through such microbially enhanced CH4 uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianshu Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Renmao Tian
- Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yufei Zeng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changyi Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Gao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Dai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, and College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Konstantinos T Konstantinidis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Xue Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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16
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Ghani MU, Kamran M, Ahmad I, Arshad A, Zhang C, Zhu W, Lou S, Hou F. Alfalfa-grass mixtures reduce greenhouse gas emissions and net global warming potential while maintaining yield advantages over monocultures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157765. [PMID: 35926624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving forage productivity with lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from limited grassland has been a hotspot of interest in global agricultural production. In this study, we analyzed the effects of grasses (tall fescue, smooth bromegrass), legume (alfalfa), and alfalfa-grass (alfalfa + smooth bromegrass and alfalfa + tall fescue) mixtures on GHG emissions, net global warming potential (Net GWP), yield-based greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), soil chemical properties and forage productivity in cultivated grassland in northwest China during 2020-2021. Our results demonstrated that alfalfa-grass mixtures significantly improved forage productivity. The highest total dry matter yield (DMY) during 2020 and 2021 was obtained from alfalfa-tall fescue (11,311 and 13,338 kg ha-1) and alfalfa-smooth bromegrass mixtures (10,781 and 12,467 kg ha-1). The annual cumulative GHG emissions from mixtures were lower than alfalfa monoculture. Alfalfa-grass mixtures significantly reduced GHGI compared with the grass or alfalfa monocultures. Furthermore, results indicated that grass, alfalfa and alfalfa-grass mixtures differentially affected soil chemical properties. Lower soil pH and C/N ratio were recorded in alfalfa monoculture. Alfalfa and mixtures increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) contents. Importantly, alfalfa-grass mixtures are necessary for improving forage productivity and mitigating the GHG emissions in this region. In conclusion, the alfalfa-tall fescue mixture lowered net GWP and GHGI in cultivated grassland while maintaining high forage productivity. These advanced agricultural practices could contribute to the development of climate-sustainable grassland production in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Ghani
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Adnan Arshad
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Wanhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Shanning Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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17
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Shi L, Lin Z, Wei X, Peng C, Yao Z, Han B, Xiao Q, Zhou H, Deng Y, Liu K, Shao X. Precipitation increase counteracts warming effects on plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry in an alpine meadow. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1044173. [PMID: 36407610 PMCID: PMC9666903 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Temperature and precipitation are expected to increase in the forthcoming decades in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with uncertain effects of their interaction on plant and soil carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry in alpine ecosystems. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of warming, precipitation increase, and their interaction on soil and plant C:N:P stoichiometry at functional groups and community level in an alpine meadow. Warming increased aboveground biomass of legumes and N:P ratios of grasses and community, but did not affect soil C:N:P stoichiometry. The piecewise structural equation model (SEM) indicated that the positive effect of warming on community N:P ratio was mainly resulted from its positive influence on the aboveground biomass of functional groups. Precipitation increase reduced C:N ratios of soil, grasses, and community, indicating the alleviation in soil N-limitation and the reduction in N use efficiency of plant. SEM also demonstrated the decisive role of grasses C:N:P stoichiometry on the response of community C:N:P stoichiometry to precipitation increase. The interaction of warming and precipitation increase did not alter plant community and soil, N:P and C:P ratios, which was resulting from their antagonistic effects. The stable soil and plant community C:N:P stoichiometry raised important implications that the effect of warming was offset by precipitation increase. Our study highlights the importance of considering the interaction between warming and precipitation increase when predicting the impacts of climate change on biogeochemical cycles in alpine meadow ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shi
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenrong Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wei
- Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Cuoji Peng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeying Yao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
| | - Yanfang Deng
- Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Service Guarantee Center, Xining, China
| | - Kesi Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqing Shao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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18
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Barneze AS, Whitaker J, McNamara NP, Ostle NJ. Interactions between climate warming and land management regulate greenhouse gas fluxes in a temperate grassland ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155212. [PMID: 35421502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from grasslands are affected by climate warming and agricultural management practices including nitrogen (N) fertiliser application and grazing. However, the interactive effects of these factors are poorly resolved in field studies. We used a factorial in situ experiment - combining warming, N-fertiliser and above-ground cutting treatments - to explore their individual and interactive effects on plant-soil properties and GHG fluxes in a temperate UK grassland over two years. Our results showed no interactive treatment effects on plant productivity despite individual effects of N-fertiliser and warming on above- and below-ground biomass. There were, however, interactive treatment effects on GHG fluxes that varied across the two years. In year 1, warming and N-fertiliser increased CO2 and reduced N2O fluxes. N-fertilised also interacted with above-ground biomass (AGB) removal increasing N2O fluxes in year one and reducing CO2 fluxes in year two. The grassland was consistently a sink of CH4; N-fertilised increased the sink by 45% (year 1), AGB removal and warming reduced CH4 consumption by 44% and 43%, respectively (year 2). The majority of the variance in CO2 fluxes was explained by above-ground metrics (grassland productivity and leaf dry matter content), with microclimate (air and soil temperature and soil moisture) and below-ground (root N content) metrics also significant. Soil chemistry (soil mineral N and net mineralisation rate), below-ground (specific root length) and microclimate (soil moisture) metrics explained 49% and 24% of the variance in N2O and CH4 fluxes, respectively. Overall, our work demonstrates the importance of interactions between climate and management as determinants of short-term grassland GHG fluxes. These results show that reduced cutting combined with lower inorganic N-fertilisers would constrain grassland C and N cycling and GHG fluxes in warmer climatic conditions. This has implications for strategic grassland management decisions to mitigate GHG fluxes in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlete S Barneze
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK; Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; Wageningen University & Research, Soil Biology Group, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeanette Whitaker
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Niall P McNamara
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Nicholas J Ostle
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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19
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Qin R, Wei J, Ma L, Zhang Z, She Y, Su H, Chang T, Xie B, Li H, Wang W, Shi G, Zhou H. Effects of Pedicularis kansuensis Expansion on Plant Community Characteristics and Soil Nutrients in an Alpine Grassland. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11131673. [PMID: 35807625 PMCID: PMC9268960 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pedicularis kansuensis is an indicator species of grassland degradation. Its population expansion dramatically impacts the production and service function of the grassland ecosystem, but the effects and mechanisms of the expansion are still unclear. In order to understand the ecological effects of P. kansuensis, three P. kansuensis patches of different densities were selected in an alpine grassland, and species diversity indexes, biomasses, soil physicochemical properties, and the mechanism among them were analyzed. The results showed that P. kansuensis expansion increased the richness index, the Shannon−Wiener index significantly, and the aboveground biomass ratio (ABR) of the Weed group (p < 0.05), but reduced the total biomass of the community and the ABR of the Gramineae and Cyperaceae decreased insignificantly (p > 0.05); soil moisture, soil AOC, and NO3−·N decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while soil pH and total soil nutrients did not change significantly, and available phosphorus (AP) decreased at first and then increased (p < 0.05). The structural equation model (SEM) showed that P. kansuensis expansion had a significant positive effect on the community richness index, and a significant negative effect followed on the soil AOC from the increase of the index; the increase of pH had a significant negative effect on the soil AOC, NO3−·N, and AP. It indicated that P. kansuensis expansion resulted in the increase of species richness, the ABR of the Weed group, and the community’s water demand, which promoted the over-utilization of soil available nutrients in turn, and finally caused the decline of soil quality. This study elucidated a possible mechanism of poisonous weeds expansion, and provided a scientific and theoretical basis for grassland management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Qin
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Li Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yandi She
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongye Su
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Chang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Beilong Xie
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- College of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Guoxi Shi
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, China;
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Regions, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (R.Q.); (J.W.); (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.S.); (T.C.); (B.X.); (H.L.)
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20
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Effects of 5-Year Nitrogen Addition on Species Composition and Diversity of an Alpine Steppe Plant Community on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070966. [PMID: 35406946 PMCID: PMC9002499 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The N deposition rate is notably increased in China, especially in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). How plants respond to the projected N deposition on the alpine steppe is still in debate. In this study, to investigate the effects of N deposition on the plant community of the alpine steppe, we simulated N deposition at six different N addition rate levels (0, 8, 24, 40, 56, 72 kg N ha−1 y−1) from 2015 to 2019. Species composition and diversity were investigated as the assessment indices. The results showed that the importance value of grasses significantly increased with the increase of the N addition rate, while that of forbs significantly decreased. A high N addition rate (72 kg N ha−1 y−1) induced species composition change, making Leymus secalinus become the most dominant species within the entire plant community. Compared with the control (without N addition), species richness, Shannon–Weiner diversity, Simpson dominance and Pielou Evenness were significantly reduced under a high N addition rate. The changes of plant diversity in the alpine steppe were closely correlated with dynamics of soil nutrients, especially total carbon (TC), total phosphorus (TP) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N). Our findings suggested that a high N deposition rate (72 kg N ha−1 y−1) could significantly change plant composition and reduce the diversity of the alpine steppe, though they were less affected by low N deposition rates at present. With the increase of the N deposition rate, plant composition and diversity of the alpine steppe may be negatively affected in the future. In addition, Leymus secalinus is more competitive than other species with an N deposition rate increase. Soil C, soil P and soil NH4-N variation induced by N deposition might play a key role in regulating changes in plant composition and diversity in the alpine steppe. In addition, longer term field investigation needs to be carried out to testify to this phenomenon with the increase of N deposition in the future.
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21
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Zou X, Hou S, Wu S, Pang H, Liu K, Zhang W, Yu J, Song J, Huang R, Liu Y. Ice-core based assessment of nitrogen deposition in the central Tibetan Plateau over the last millennium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152692. [PMID: 34974023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is a unique source of bioavailable nitrogen for ecosystems in remote regions, and has vital impacts on ecological processes. Understanding variations of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in these regions remains challenging due to a lack of observations. Ice cores contain records of nitrogen species of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+), hence provide valuable long-term data to study past variations of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. In this study, we present an annually resolved record of NH4+ and NO3- over the past millennium, derived from the Zangser Kangri (ZK) ice core in the central Tibetan Plateau. The concentration peaks of NH4+ and NO3- coincide with those of Ca2+ (a dust tracer), indicating that variation of nitrogen species in the ZK ice core is largely driven by dust activities. An EOF analysis for all chemical species (Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) reveals significant but separate loadings of NH4+ and NO3- on EOF 2, suggesting an additional source of nitrogen, likely from biogenic emissions of terrestrial ecosystems. Over the past millennium, the EOF 2 series has relatively high values around 1300 CE and 1600 CE, and has increased significantly since the Industrial Revolution. These variations are likely driven by temperature-dependent biogenic emissions on the Tibetan Plateau. Analyses of seasonal air mass backward trajectories and wind fields find that the chemical concentrations in the ZK ice core are mostly influenced by the westerly, but South Asia summer monsoon plays an important role in the transport of nitrogen species generated from biogenic emissions. This is further confirmed by the significant correlation between EOF 2 series and the South Asian summer monsoon index. This study provides new insight into the preindustrial sources, natural variabilities and major drivers of nitrogen deposition on the Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shugui Hou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Shuangye Wu
- Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Hongxi Pang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wangbin Zhang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinhai Yu
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Song
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Renhui Huang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Shen H, Dong S, DiTommaso A, Xiao J, Lu W, Zhi Y. Nitrogen Deposition Shifts Grassland Communities Through Directly Increasing Dominance of Graminoids: A 3-Year Case Study From the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:811970. [PMID: 35317015 PMCID: PMC8934429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.811970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition has been increasing for decades and has profoundly influenced the structure and function of grassland ecosystems in many regions of the world. However, the impact of N deposition on alpine grasslands is less well documented. We conducted a 3-year field experiment to determine the effects of N deposition on plant species richness, composition, and community productivity in an alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. We found that 3 years of N deposition had a profound effect on these plant community parameters. Increasing N rates increased the dominance of graminoids and reduced the presence of non-graminoids. Species richness was inversely associated with aboveground biomass. The shift in plant species and functional group composition was largely responsible for the increase in productivity associated with N deposition. Climatic factors also interacted with N addition to influence productivity. Our findings suggest that short-term N deposition could increase the productivity of alpine meadows through shifts in composition toward a graminoid-dominated community. Longer-term studies are needed to determine if shifts in composition and increased productivity will be maintained. Future work must also evaluate whether decreasing plant diversity will impair the long-term stability and function of sensitive alpine grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Antonio DiTommaso
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolia Plateau, Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yangliu Zhi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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23
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Li S, Zhao Z, Dong S, Shen H, Xu Y, Xiao J, Gao X, Wu S, Stufkens P. Synchronous Responses of Plant Functional Traits to Nitrogen Deposition From Dominant Species to Functional Groups and Whole Communities in Alpine Grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:827035. [PMID: 35222485 PMCID: PMC8864091 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.827035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen deposition is recognized as one of the major threats to the ecosystem function of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). However, few studies have documented the gradient responses of plant species, functional groups, and communities in alpine grassland ecosystems to various levels of N deposition on the QTP. We applied eight linear mixed-effect models combing acidification, eutrophication, and phosphorus availability to explore if the responses of functional traits (particularly plant height and specific leaf area) of plants from dominant species to functional groups and whole communities in different types of grassland to nitrogen deposition were consistent with the same or different models. We found that the specific leaf area of Stipa capillata, non-forb, and community-weighted mean value in the alpine steppe were synchronous and related to acidification with nitrogen addition; the height of Stipa capillata, non-forb, and community-weighted mean value in the alpine steppe was synchronous and related to acidification, eutrophication, and phosphorus availability with nitrogen addition; the height and specific leaf area of Elymus breviaristatus to functional groups and community-weighted mean value in cultivated grasslands (CGs) were synchronous and related to acidification, eutrophication, and phosphorus availability with nitrogen addition. Most of the responses of functional traits of plants to acidification, eutrophication, and phosphorus availability associated with nitrogen deposition in the alpine steppe and the CG were synchronous, while only the response of the specific leaf area of forb functional groups to eutrophication associated with N deposition in the alpine steppe was asynchronous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudan Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Wu
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Stufkens
- English Department, Zamorano University, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
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24
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Mu Z, Dong S, Li Y, Li S, Shen H, Zhang J, Han Y, Xu Y, Zhao Z. Soil Bacterial Community Responses to N Application and Warming in a Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Alpine Steppe. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.709518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen deposition and climate warming can alter soil bacterial communities. However, the response of soil bacteria in an alpine steppe to these changes is largely unknown. In this study, a field experiment was performed on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to determine the changes in soil bacterial communities of alpine steppes in response to nitrogen application and warming. The experiment consisted of four treatments, namely no-N application with no-warming (CK), N application (8 kg N ha−1 year−1) with no-warming (N), warming with no-N application (W), and N application (8 kg N ha−1 year−1) with warming (W&N). This study aimed to investigate (1) the changes in soil bacterial diversity and community structure under simulated nitrogen deposition and warming conditions, and (2) the key environmental factors responsible for these changes. Based on the results, soil bacterial diversity and community composition did not change significantly in the short term. Warming had a significant effect on overall bacterial composition, rare species composition, and individual bacterial taxa. Besides, the interaction between nitrogen application and warming had a significant effect on community β-diversity. Above-ground plant variables were highly correlated with bacterial community characteristics. Nitrogen application and warming did not significantly alter the distribution range of the bacterial community. Overall, this study suggests that soil bacterial communities can remain relatively stable at the level of simulated nitrogen application and warming and that short-term climatic changes may have no significant impacts on soil bacterial communities.
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25
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Song J, Xia J, Hui D, Zheng M, Wang J, Ru J, Wang H, Zhang Q, Yang C, Wan S. Plant functional types regulate non‐additive responses of soil respiration to 5‐year warming and nitrogen addition in a semi‐arid grassland. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Jianyang Xia
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco‐Restoration School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
- Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA
| | - Mengmei Zheng
- College of Life Sciences Henan Normal University Xinxiang China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Jingyi Ru
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Haidao Wang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Qingshan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
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26
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Studying greenhouse gas emissions through interactions between phospholipid fatty acid content and soil properties of alpine grassland soil in Northern Tibet, China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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27
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Wang J, Quan Q, Chen W, Tian D, Ciais P, Crowther TW, Mack MC, Poulter B, Tian H, Luo Y, Wen X, Yu G, Niu S. Increased CO 2 emissions surpass reductions of non-CO 2 emissions more under higher experimental warming in an alpine meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144559. [PMID: 33485199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is well documented that warming can accelerate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, further inducing a positive feedback and reinforcing future climate warming. However, how different kinds of GHGs respond to various warming magnitudes remains largely unclear, especially in the cold regions that are more sensitive to climate warming. Here, we concurrently measured carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and their total balance in an alpine meadow in response to three levels of warming (ambient, +1.5 °C, +3.0 °C). We found warming-induced increases in CH4 uptake, decreases in N2O emissions and increases in CO2 emissions at the annual basis. Expressed as CO2-equivalents with a global warming potential of 100 years (GWP100), the enhancement of CH4 uptake and reduction of N2O emissions offset only 9% of the warming-induced increase in CO2 emissions for 1.5 °C warming, and only 7% for 3.0 °C warming. CO2 emissions were strongly stimulated, leading to a significantly positive feedback to climate system, for 3.0 °C warming but less for 1.5 °C warming. The warming with 3.0 °C altered the total GHG balance mainly by stimulating CO2 emissions in the non-growing season due to warmer soil temperatures, longer unfrozen period, and increased soil water content. The findings provide an empirical evidence that warming beyond global 2 °C target can trigger a positive GHG-climate feedback and highlight the contribution from non-growing season to this positive feedback loop in cold ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and the Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Quan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Weinan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de I'Environnement (LSCE), CEA CNRS UVSQ, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Environment Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle C Mack
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and the Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | | | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and the Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Xuefa Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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28
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Wang X, Li Y, Waqas MA, Wang B, Hassan W, Qin X. Divergent terrestrial responses of soil N
2
O emissions to different levels of elevated CO
2
and temperature. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites Shanghai China
| | - Yu'e Li
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing China
| | - Muhammad Ahmed Waqas
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Bin Wang
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Xiaobo Qin
- Inst. of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing China
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29
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Li H, Yan F, Tuo D, Yao B, Chen J. The effect of climatic and edaphic factors on soil organic carbon turnover in hummocks based on δ 13C on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140141. [PMID: 32615420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hummocks (thúfur, pounus) are peculiar landforms usually formed by repeated freeze-thaw processes and differential frost heave, and are common in frost soil regions, especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, little is known about the response of δ13C in soil organic carbon (δ13CSOC) to soil and climate properties in hummocks. The β value indicates the decomposition rate of soil organic carbon (SOC) in soil, and was obtained from the slope of the regression between the log10-transformed SOC concentration and δ13CSOC in soil depth profiles. In this study, we investigated δ13CSOC and SOC contents along a soil profile (0-60 cm), together with edaphic and climatic properties, both in hummocks and control plots (alpine grasslands) on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Then, the variations in δ13CSOC and β values, and the main factors affecting them, were analyzed. The results show that δ13CSOC increases with soil depth, while SOC decreases both in the hummocks and control plots. However, β values in the hummocks were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in the control plots while δ13CSOC showed no difference between hummock and control. Redundancy analysis showed that altitude is the main control factor for δ13CSOC and β in the hummocks. Climate type was the main factor affecting δ13CSOC in the control plots, while mean annual precipitation and soil fractal dimension were the main factors controlling β. Overall, climate, rather than soil, is the key factor that affects the carbon turnover rate in the hummock in the northeastern QTP. The findings of this study will expand our understanding of the soil carbon cycle and δ13CSOC changes, especially in the case of hummocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Li
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China.
| | - Dengfeng Tuo
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China
| | - Junhan Chen
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China
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Hu Y, Jiang H, Wang F, Xu Z, Chen Y, Ma S, Yan Y, Lu X. Opposite responses of global warming potential to ammonium and nitrate addition in an alpine steppe soil from Northern Tibet. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Warming Increases Nitrous Oxide Emission from the Littoral Zone of Lake Poyang, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Littoral wetlands are globally important for sustainable development; however, they have recently been identified as critical hotspots of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. N2O flux from subtropical littoral wetlands remains unclear, especially under the current global warming environment. In the littoral zone of Lake Poyang, a simulated warming experiment was conducted to investigate N2O flux. Open-top chambers were used to raise temperature, and the static chamber-gas chromatograph method was used to measure N2O flux. Results showed that the littoral zone of Lake Poyang was an N2O source, with an average flux rate of 8.9 μg N2O m−2 h−1. Warming significantly increased N2O emission (13.8 μg N2O m−2 h−1 under warming treatment) by 54% compared to the control treatment. N2O flux in the spring growing season was also significantly higher than that of the autumn growing season. In addition, temperature was not significantly related to N2O flux, while soil moisture only explained about 7% of N2O variation. These results imply that N2O emission experiences positive feedback effect on the ongoing warming of the climate, and abiotic factors (e.g., soil temperature and soil moisture) were not main controls on N2O variation in this littoral wetland.
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Fan J, Luo R, McConkey BG, Ziadi N. Effects of nitrogen deposition and litter layer management on soil CO 2, N 2O, and CH 4 emissions in a subtropical pine forestland. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8959. [PMID: 32488002 PMCID: PMC7265295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Forestland soils play vital role in regulating global soil greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets, but the interactive effect of the litter layer management and simulated nitrogen (N) deposition on these GHG flux has not been elucidated clearly in subtropical forestland. A field trial was conducted to study these effects by using litter removal method under 0 and 40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 addition in a subtropical forestland in Yingtan, Jiangxi Province, China. Soil CO2 emission was increased by N addition (18–24%) but decreased by litter removal (24–32%). Litter removal significantly (P < 0.05) decreased cumulative N2O emission by 21% in treatments without N addition but only by 10% in treatments with 40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 addition. Moreover, litter-induced N2O emission under elevated N deposition (0.094 kg N2O-N ha−1) was almost the same as without N addition (0.088 kg N2O-N ha−1). Diffusion of atmospheric CH4 into soil was facilitated by litter removal, which increased CH4 uptake by 55%. Given that the increasing trend of atmospheric N deposition in future, which would reduce litterfall in subtropical N-rich forest, the effect of surface litter layer change on soil GHG emissions should be considered in assessing forest GHG budgets and future climate scenario modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Ruyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Brian G McConkey
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Noura Ziadi
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec City, QC, G1V 2J3, Canada
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Deng L, Huang C, Kim DG, Shangguan Z, Wang K, Song X, Peng C. Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N 2 O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2613-2629. [PMID: 31863618 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition on soil organic carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial ecosystems are the main drivers affecting GHG budgets under global climate change. Although many studies have been conducted on this topic, we still have little understanding of how N deposition affects soil C pools and GHG budgets at the global scale. We synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 275 sites from multiple terrestrial ecosystems around the world and quantified the responses of the global soil C pool and GHG fluxes induced by N enrichment. The results showed that the soil organic C concentration and the soil CO2 , CH4 and N2 O emissions increased by an average of 3.7%, 0.3%, 24.3% and 91.3% under N enrichment, respectively, and that the soil CH4 uptake decreased by 6.0%. Furthermore, the percentage increase in N2 O emissions (91.3%) was two times lower than that (215%) reported by Liu and Greaver (Ecology Letters, 2009, 12:1103-1117). There was also greater stimulation of soil C pools (15.70 kg C ha-1 year-1 per kg N ha-1 year-1 ) than previously reported under N deposition globally. The global N deposition results showed that croplands were the largest GHG sources (calculated as CO2 equivalents), followed by wetlands. However, forests and grasslands were two important GHG sinks. Globally, N deposition increased the terrestrial soil C sink by 6.34 Pg CO2 /year. It also increased net soil GHG emissions by 10.20 Pg CO2 -Geq (CO2 equivalents)/year. Therefore, N deposition not only increased the size of the soil C pool but also increased global GHG emissions, as calculated by the global warming potential approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunbo Huang
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-Gill Kim
- Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, Shashemene, Ethiopia
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinzhang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Wu H, Wang X, Ganjurjav H, Hu G, Qin X, Gao Q. Effects of increased precipitation combined with nitrogen addition and increased temperature on methane fluxes in alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135818. [PMID: 31841898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic activities have resulted in increased atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration. Increased nitrogen deposition and precipitation accompanies climate warming and can change soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics and microbial processes and alter CH4 fluxes. To quantify the sink of the vast alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau and to examine how precipitation addition (P), warming (W), and nitrogen addition (N) affect CH4 fluxes in alpine meadows, we conducted continuous 3-growing season experiments in an alpine meadow using the static chamber and gas chromatograph method. Soil CH4 samples were collected during the early, peak, and late stages of the growing season from 2015 to 2017. Our results suggested that neither P, W, nor N had an interaction effect on soil CH4 uptake. P significantly increased and decreased the copies number of particulate methane monooxygenase alpha subunit (pmoA) and methyl-coenzyme M reductase alpha subunit (mcrA), respectively. However, P significantly decreased CH4 uptake, particularly under the combined treatment of P and N. Compared with the control, CH4 uptake decreased under P, N, PW, and PN by 50.64%, 6.24%, 39.37%, and 75.06%, respectively, whereas under W and WN CH4 uptake increased by 16.19% and 7.56%, respectively. Soil CH4 uptake was positively correlated with soil temperature and pmoA and negatively correlated with soil moisture and NH4+-N content. CH4 uptake was significantly affected by the sampling period. CH4 uptake was significantly lower rates during peak growing season compared with those during the early and late stages of the growing season. Our results suggest that, (1) CH4 fluxes of alpine grassland ecosystems are more sensitive to P than W or N, and (2) precipitation controls CH4 flux response to increasing nitrogen deposition in alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, future research should focus on the response and feedback of CH4 uptake to changes in precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Wu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hasbagan Ganjurjav
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guozheng Hu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaobo Qin
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingzhu Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Shen H, Dong S, Li S, Wang W, Xiao J, Yang M, Zhang J, Gao X, Xu Y, Zhi Y, Liu S, Dong Q, Zhou H, Yeomans JC. Effects of Warming and N Deposition on the Physiological Performances of Leymus secalinus in Alpine Meadow of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1804. [PMID: 32153598 PMCID: PMC7047333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Warming and Nitrogen (N) deposition are key global changes that may affect eco-physiological process of territorial plants. In this paper, we examined the effects of warming, N deposition, and their combination effect on the physiological performances of Leymus secalinus. Four treatments were established in an alpine meadow of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau: control (CK), warming (W), N deposition (N), and warming plus N deposition (NW). Warming significantly decreased the photosynthetic rate (Anet ), stomatal conductance (gs ), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ), and transpiration rate (Tr ), while N deposition and warming plus N deposition significantly increased those parameters of L. secalinus. Warming significantly increased the VPD and Ls , while N deposition and warming plus N deposition had a significant positive effect. Warming negatively reduced the leaf N content, Chla, Chlb, and total Chl content, while N deposition significantly promoted these traits. Warming, N deposition, and their combination significantly increased the activity of SOD, POD, and CAT. Besides, warming and warming plus N deposition significantly increased the MDA content, while N deposition significantly decreased the MDA content. N deposition and warming plus N deposition significantly increased the Rubisco activity, while warming showed no significant effect on Rubisco activity. N deposition and warming plus N deposition significantly increased the Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP, and decreased NPQ, while warming significantly decreased the Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP, and increased NPQ. N deposition strengthened the relations between gs , Chl, Chla, Chlb, Rubisco activity, and Anet . Under warming, only gs showed a significantly positive relation with Anet . Our findings suggested that warming could impair the photosynthetic potential of L. secalinus enhanced by N deposition. Additionally, the combination of warming and N deposition still tend to lead positive effects on L. secalinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- School of Life and Geographic Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudan Xu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangliu Zhi
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Quanming Dong
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Are in Qinghai Province, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
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36
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Zhang Y, Zhang N, Yin J, Yang F, Zhao Y, Jiang Z, Tao J, Yan X, Qiu Y, Guo H, Hu S. Combination of warming and N inputs increases the temperature sensitivity of soil N 2O emission in a Tibetan alpine meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135450. [PMID: 31896220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many high-elevation alpine ecosystems have been experiencing significant increases in air temperature and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen (N) deposition. These changes may affect N-cycling microbes and enhance emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O, a potent greenhouse gas) from soil. However, few studies have investigated whether and how the resulting changes in N-cycling microbes may affect the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of N2O emission and in turn feed back to N2O emissions. We conducted two incubation experiments to examine N2O emissions and their temperature sensitivities in soils that had experienced 3-yr field treatments of warming, N inputs and their combination in a Tibetan alpine meadow. Our results showed that neither N inputs nor warming alone affected the rate or Q10 of soil N2O emission, but combining the two significantly increased both parameters. Also, combined N and warming significantly increased the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), corresponding with high soil N2O emission. In addition, N2O emission from nitrification accounted for 60-80% of total emissions in all soils, indicating that nitrifying microbes dominated the N2O production and its temperature sensitivity. Using random forest (RF) and structural equation model (SEM) analyses, we further evaluated the effects of various soil characteristics on soil N2O emissions and Q10. We identified soil moisture, pH, N mineralization and AOB abundance as the main predictors of the Q10 of N2O emissions. Together, these findings suggest that alterations in soil moisture, pH and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria induced by long-term N inputs and warming may increase temperature sensitivity of soil N2O emissions, leading to a positive climate feedback in this high-altitude alpine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yexin Zhao
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhongquan Jiang
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinjin Tao
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuebin Yan
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Li L, Zheng Z, Wang W, Biederman JA, Xu X, Ran Q, Qian R, Xu C, Zhang B, Wang F, Zhou S, Cui L, Che R, Hao Y, Cui X, Xu Z, Wang Y. Terrestrial N 2 O emissions and related functional genes under climate change: A global meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:931-943. [PMID: 31554024 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions from soil contribute to global warming and are in turn substantially affected by climate change. However, climate change impacts on N2 O production across terrestrial ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we synthesized 46 published studies of N2 O fluxes and relevant soil functional genes (SFGs, that is, archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, nosZ, narG, nirK and nirS) to assess their responses to increased temperature, increased or decreased precipitation amounts, and prolonged drought (no change in total precipitation but increase in precipitation intervals) in terrestrial ecosystem (i.e. grasslands, forests, shrublands, tundra and croplands). Across the data set, temperature increased N2 O emissions by 33%. However, the effects were highly variable across biomes, with strongest temperature responses in shrublands, variable responses in forests and negative responses in tundra. The warming methods employed also influenced the effects of temperature on N2 O emissions (most effectively induced by open-top chambers). Whole-day or whole-year warming treatment significantly enhanced N2 O emissions, but daytime, nighttime or short-season warming did not have significant effects. Regardless of biome, treatment method and season, increased precipitation promoted N2 O emission by an average of 55%, while decreased precipitation suppressed N2 O emission by 31%, predominantly driven by changes in soil moisture. The effect size of precipitation changes on nirS and nosZ showed a U-shape relationship with soil moisture; further insight into biotic mechanisms underlying N2 O emission response to climate change remain limited by data availability, underlying a need for studies that report SFG. Our findings indicate that climate change substantially affects N2 O emission and highlights the urgent need to incorporate this strong feedback into most climate models for convincing projection of future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Zhenzhen Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Wang
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Department of Environment and Science, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Joel A Biederman
- Southwest Watershed Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xingliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Qinwei Ran
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyan Qian
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Xu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Shutong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Cui
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxiao Che
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanbin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Cui
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Yanfen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
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Li J, Yang C, Liu X, Ji H, Shao X. Soil aggregate size influences the impact of inorganic nitrogen deposition on soil nitrification in an alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8230. [PMID: 31938575 PMCID: PMC6953337 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 -) are two inorganic forms of nitrogen (N) that are deposited from the atmosphere into soil systems. As the substrate and product of soil nitrification, these two forms of inorganic nitrogen will affect or be affected by the soil net nitrification rate (Nr). Our knowledge regarding soil nitrification is mainly derived from studies with bulk soil. However, soil is composed of different aggregate fractions, which may have an important impact on Nr. Methods In 2017, we collected soil samples from an alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and separated them into four soil aggregates (2-4, 1-2, 0.25-1, and <0.25 mm) using the dry sieving method. The four soil aggregate sizes amended with the 2 N deposition forms (NH4 +-N and NO3 --N) were then incubated at 25 °C for 28 days, and the soil aggregates for each treatment were collected on day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 to determine the NO3 --N concentration. The soil Nr and contribution of soil aggregates to the nitrification rate in the bulk soil were calculated. Results There were differences in the physicochemical properties of the soil aggregates. The addition of N and aggregate size had strong effects on soil Nr, which were significantly increased under high levels of NH4 + addition across all soil aggregates. The Nr during the 4 week incubation period differed among aggregate sizes. Nr in the 2-4 mm aggregates was higher than in the other aggregates, which was correlated with the maximum values of the soil porosity observed in the 2-4 mm aggregates. Furthermore, almost half of the soil was composed of aggregates of <0.25 mm, indicating that the <0.25 mm aggregates made a higher contribution to the nitrification rate in the bulk soil than the other aggregates, even though these aggregates had a lower nitrification ability. Overall, our study revealed that the soil nitrification rate was influenced by both the N addition and soil aggregates, and that the 2-4 mm aggregates had a dominant effect on the response of soil N transformation processes to future nitrogen deposition in the alpine meadow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanzhong Ji
- Institute of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Xining, China
| | - Xinqing Shao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Technical Platform for Adaptive Management of Livestock System in Alpine Grassland, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
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Li S, Dong S, Shen H, Han Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Gao X, Yang M, Li Y, Zhao Z, Liu S, Zhou H, Dong Q, Yeomans JC. Different responses of multifaceted plant diversities of alpine meadow and alpine steppe to nitrogen addition gradients on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:1405-1412. [PMID: 31726568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), >4000 m known as the "third pole of the earth" and is highly sensitive to nitrogen (N) deposition, understanding the effects of N deposition on multifaceted plant diversity (taxonomy diversity, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity) in the alpine grasslands of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are vital for the conservation of alpine plant diversity and the sustainability of alpine grasslands ecosystem services. We added N of different gradients to test the effects of soil acidification, soil eutrophication, and phosphorus limitation independently, and interactively on the multifaceted plant richness and evenness in both an alpine meadow and an alpine steppe of the QTP. We found that all the p-value of taxonomy diversity, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity were >0.05 and values of R2 of fixed factors by nitrogen addition gradients was low (<0.10). In contrast to the alpine steppe, diversity of alpine meadow is more sensitive to soil factors than alpine steppe. Soil acidification caused by nitrogen deposition changed taxonomic evenness (p < 0.05), while eutrophication associated with nitrogen deposition altered taxonomic richness and phylogenetic evenness (p < 0.05) in the alpine meadow and functional richness (p < 0.05) in the alpine steppe. These findings suggest that the effects of N deposition on the multifaceted plant diversity (taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity) varied with N deposition gradients and ecosystem types. Rational adaptation and mitigation techniques should be considered for different types of alpine grasslands on the QTP according to their different responses to the nitrogen deposition gradients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuhui Han
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yudan Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Are in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
| | - Quanming Dong
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining 810003, China
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Wang J, Song B, Ma F, Tian D, Li Y, Yan T, Quan Q, Zhang F, Li Z, Wang B, Gao Q, Chen W, Niu S. Nitrogen addition reduces soil respiration but increases the relative contribution of heterotrophic component in an alpine meadow. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Bing Song
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China
| | - Tao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro‐ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Quan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Fangyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhaolei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Bingxue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qiang Gao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Weinan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Shen H, Dong S, Li S, Xiao J, Han Y, Yang M, Zhang J, Gao X, Xu Y, Li Y, Zhi Y, Liu S, Dong Q, Zhou H, Yeomans JC. Effects of simulated N deposition on photosynthesis and productivity of key plants from different functional groups of alpine meadow on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:731-737. [PMID: 31112927 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition may alter physiological process of plants in grassland ecosystem. However, little is known about the response mechanism of individual plants in alpine regions to N deposition. We conducted a field experiment, and three treatments including 0 kg Nha-1year-1 (CK), 8 kgNha-1year-1 (Low N), and 72 kg N ha-1 year-1 (High N) were established to simulate N deposition in alpine meadow of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Our objectives were to determine the influence of N deposition on photosynthesis of different functional types of herbage species in alpine meadow, and finally characterize the links of plant productivity and photosynthesis with soil nutrients. The results showed that responses of alpine plants were species-specific under N deposition. Compared with grass species Agropyron cristatum and forb species Thalictrum aquilegifolium, the sedge species Carex melanantha was much more sensitive to N deposition; a lower N load (8 kgNha-1year-1) can cause a negative effect on its photosynthesis and productivity. Additionally, N deposition can promote plant N uptake and significantly decreased the C (carbon)/N (nitrogen) ratio. Compared with CK and low N deposition, high N deposition inhibited the photosynthesis and growth of the forb species Thalictrum aquilegifolium and sedge species Carex melanantha. In all three functional types of herbage species, the grass species A. cristatum tended to show a much higher photosynthetic capacity and better growth potential; thus, suggesting that grass species A. cristatum will be a more adaptative alpine plants under N deposition. Our findings suggested that plant photosynthetic responses to N deposition were species-specific, low N deposition was not beneficial for all the herbage species, and N deposition may change plant composition by the differential photosynthetic responses among species in alpine grassland. Plant composition shift to grass-dorminant in alpine regions might be attributed to a much higher photosynthetic potential and N use efficiency of grass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuhui Han
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yudan Xu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yangliu Zhi
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Quanming Dong
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, 810003, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Are in Qinghai Province, Xining, 810008, China
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Could Hair-Lichens of High-Elevation Forests Help Detect the Impact of Global Change in the Alps? DIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/d11030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change and the anthropic emission of pollutants are likely to have an accelerated impact in high-elevation mountain areas. This phenomenon could have negative consequences on alpine habitats and for species of conservation in relative proximity to dense human populations. This premise implies that the crucial task is in the early detection of warning signals of ecological changes. In alpine landscapes, high-elevation forests provide a unique environment for taking full advantage of epiphytic lichens as sensitive indicators of climate change and air pollution. This literature review is intended to provide a starting point for developing practical biomonitoring tools that elucidate the potential of hair-lichens, associated with high-elevation forests, as ecological indicators of global change in the European Alps. We found support for the practical use of hair-lichens to detect the impact of climate change and nitrogen pollution in high-elevation forest habitats. The use of these organisms as ecological indicators presents an opportunity to expand monitoring activities and develop predictive tools that support decisions on how to mitigate the effects of global change in the Alps.
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Zhang HR, sun W, Li SW, Han FS, Yu CQ, Zhang XZ, Wang JS, He YT, zhong ZM. Impact of Extra Nitrogen on Ecological Stoichiometry of Alpine Grasslands on Tibetan Plateau: Meta-Analysis. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2018.66.4.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Rui Zhang
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei sun
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shao Wei Li
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fu Song Han
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cheng Qun Yu
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xian Zhou Zhang
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Sheng Wang
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong Tao He
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhi Ming zhong
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Sun H, Lu H, Feng Y. Greenhouse gas emissions vary in response to different biochar amendments: an assessment based on two consecutive rice growth cycles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:749-758. [PMID: 30414032 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of biochar to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from rice paddy soils is not consistent. Furthermore, which factor dominates this mitigation efficiency is not clear. In the present 2-year greenhouse experiment, the effects of biochars derived from two feedstocks (wheat straw and saw dust) and two pyrolysis temperatures (500 °C and 700 °C), and applied at two different rates (0.5 wt% and 3 wt%) on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, and the total global warming potential (GWPt), and GHG intensity (GHGI) were measured. The results showed that biochar applications did not alter GHG emission flux patterns in either rice cycle. In 2015, the N2O emissions were 24.6-71.2% lower under six biochar treatments than under the urea control treatment. Moreover, total CH4 emissions were mitigated by 13.3-92.6% and 27.7-53.5% under six and five biochar treatments in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Overall, lower GWPt and GHGI were observed under most of the biochar treatments compared with the urea control treatment in both rice cycles. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) results of the data from both years suggested that the biochar effects on reducing GHG emissions changed with either individual factors or their interactive effects. The responses of the GWPt and GHGI varied mainly with biochar application rate and pyrolysis temperature (P < 0.005); compared with that derived from a relatively low pyrolysis temperature and applied at a relatively low rate, biochar derived from a relatively high pyrolysis temperature and applied at a relatively high rate exerted relatively higher GWPt and GHGI mitigation efficiencies. The influence of the feedstock source was not as prominent as the application rate and pyrolysis temperature, which will expand the scope of biochar applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haiying Lu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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Zhao Z, Zhang X, Dong S, Wu Y, Liu S, Su X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Tang L. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in alpine ecosystems of Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve in dry China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 191:40. [PMID: 30593592 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve (AMNNR), characterized by complex topography, is located on the northern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) are critically important for carbon and nitrogen sequestration in dry alpine ecosystems of the AMNNR, which is a "natural laboratory" for assessing the carbon and nitrogen storage without human disturbance. We explored the stocks of SOC and TN in soils of different dry alpine ecosystems by sampling 23 sites across the AMNNR during 2013. The results showed that the SOC and TN stocks of AMNNR varied significantly with ecosystem types. The SOC stocks of 0-15 cm were highest in the alpine wet meadow (7.96 kg/m2), followed by alpine steppe (2.63 kg/m2). The stocks of SOC and TN in 0-5 and 5-10 cm soils of alpine wet meadow were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the soils of other dry alpine ecosystems. In the whole AMNNR, total storage of SOC and TN were approximately 80.97 and 4.48 Tg, 34.25% of SOC and 24.01% of TN were stored in the alpine steppe, 21.51% of SOC and 26.01% of TN were stored in the alpine scrub, the largest ecosystem in the AMNNR. Our findings suggested it is important to protect the soil and vegetation of the dry alpine ecosystems, particularly the alpine wet meadow and alpine scrub to promote the carbon storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiangfeng Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xukun Su
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xuexia Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lin Tang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, China
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46
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Zhao Z, Dong S, Jiang X, Zhao J, Liu S, Yang M, Han Y, Sha W. Are land use and short time climate change effective on soil carbon compositions and their relationships with soil properties in alpine grassland ecosystems on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:539-546. [PMID: 29291568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fencing and grass plantation are two key interventions to preserve the degraded grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Climate warming and N deposition have substantially affected the alpine grassland ecosystems. However, molecular composition of soil organic carbon (SOC), the indicator of degradation of SOC, and its responses to climate change are still largely unclear. In this study, we conducted the experiments in three types of land use on the QTP: alpine meadow (AM), alpine steppe (AS), and cultivated grassland (CG) under 2°C climatic warming, 5 levels of nitrogen deposition rates at 8, 24, 40, 56, and 72kg N ha-1year-1, as well as a combination of climatic warming and N deposition (8kg N ha-1year-1). Our findings indicate that all three types of land use were dominated by O-alkyl carbon. The alkyl/O-alkyl ratio, aromaticity and hydrophobicity index of the CG were larger than those of the AM and AS, and this difference was generally stable under different treatments. Most of the SOC in the alpine grasslands was derived from fresh plants, and the carbon in the CG was more stable than that in the AM and AS. The compositions of all the alpine ecosystems were stable under short-term climatic changes, suggesting the short-term climate warming and nitrogen deposition likely did not affect the molecular composition of the SOC in the restored grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhao
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Shikui Dong
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Han
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sha
- State key laboratory of water environment simulation, School of Envrionment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
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47
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Li X, He H, Yuan W, Li L, Xu W, Liu W, Shi H, Hou L, Chen J, Wang Z. Response of soil methane uptake to simulated nitrogen deposition and grazing management across three types of steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:799-808. [PMID: 28869917 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The response of soil methane (CH4) uptake to increased nitrogen (N) deposition and grazing management was studied in three types of steppe (i.e., meadow steppe, typical steppe, and desert steppe) in Inner Mongolia, China. The experiment was designed with four simulated N deposition rates such as 0, 50, 100, and 200kgNha-1, respectively, under grazed and fenced management treatments. Results showed that the investigated steppes were significant sinks for CH4, with an uptake flux of 1.12-3.36kgha-1 over the grass growing season and that the magnitude of CH4 uptake significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increasing N deposition rates. The soil CH4 uptake rates were highest in the desert steppe, moderate in the typical steppe, and lowest in the meadow steppe. Compared with grazed plots, fencing increased the CH4 uptake by 4.7-40.2% with a mean value of 20.2% across the three different steppe types. The responses of soil CH4 uptake to N deposition in the continental steppe varied depending on the N deposition rate, steppe type, and grazing management. A significantly positive correlation between CH4 uptake and soil temperature was found in this study, whereas no significant relationship between soil moisture and CH4 uptake occurred. Our results may contribute to the improvement of model parameterization for simulating biosphere-atmosphere CH4 exchange processes and for evaluating the climate change feedback on CH4 soil uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglan Li
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Joint Center for Global Change and China Green Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hong He
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Joint Center for Global Change and China Green Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenping Yuan
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 519082, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Linghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 519082, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Huiqiu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Longyu Hou
- Department of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiquan Chen
- College of Social Science, Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Zhiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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