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Wei X, Shi X, Yang M, Tan Q, Xu Z, Ma B, Pan D, Wu W. Phosphate and illite colloid pose a synergistic risk of enhanced uranium transport in groundwater: A challenge for phosphate immobilization remediation of uranium contaminated environmental water. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121514. [PMID: 38554633 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The phosphorus-containing reagents have been proposed to remediate the uranium contaminated sites due to the formation of insoluble uranyl phosphate mineralization products. However, the colloids, including both pseudo and intrinsic uranium colloids, could disturb the environmental fate of uranium due to its nonnegligible mobility. In this work, the transport pattern and micro-mechanism of uranium coupled to phosphate and illite colloid (IC) were investigated by combining column experiments and micro-spectroscopic evidences. Results showed that uranium transport was facilitated in granular media by forming the intrinsic uranyl phosphate colloid (such as Na-autunite) when the pH > 3.5 and CNa+ < 10 mM. Meanwhile, the mobility of uranium depended greatly on the typical water chemistry parameters governing the aggregation and deposit of intrinsic uranium colloids. However, the attachment of phosphate on illite granule increased the repulsive force and enhanced the dispersion stability of IC in the IC-U(VI)-phosphate ternary system. The non-preequilibrium transport and retention profiles, HRTEM-mapping, as well as TRLFS spectra revealed that the IC enhanced uranium mobility by forming the ternary IC-uranyl phosphate hybrid, and acted as the coagulation preventing agent for uranyl phosphate particles. This observed facilitation of uranium transport resulted from the formation of intrinsic uranyl phosphate colloids and IC-uranyl phosphate hybrids should be taken into consideration when evaluating the potential risk of uranium migration and optimizing the in-situ mineralization remediation strategy for uranium contaminated environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wei
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Laboratory for Waste Management, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Xinyi Shi
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Tan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Laboratory for Waste Management, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Duoqiang Pan
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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2
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Zhang L, Li L, Chen K, Zhang Q, Shao J, Cui Y, Zhu J, Zhang A, Yang S. Adsorption-desorption of 241Am(Ⅲ) on montmorillonite colloids and quartz sand: Effects of pH, ionic strength, colloid concentration and grain size. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2024; 275:107430. [PMID: 38615506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Clay colloids in the subsurface environment have a strong adsorption capacity for radionuclides, and the mobile colloids will carry the nuclides for migration, which would promote the movability of radionuclides in the groundwater environment and pose a threat to the ecosphere. The investigations of the adsorption/desorption behaviors of radionuclides in colloids and porous media are significant for the evaluation of the geological disposal of radioactive wastes. To illustrate the adsorption/desorption behaviors of 241Am(Ⅲ) in Na-montmorillonite colloid and/or quartz sand systems at different pH (5, 7 and 9), ionic strengths (0, 0.1 and 5 mM), colloid concentrations (300 and 900 mg/L), nuclide concentrations (500, 800, 1100 and 1400 Bq/mL) and grain sizes (40 and 60 mesh), a series of batch sorption-desorption experiments were conducted. Combining the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of Na-montmorillonite with the Freundlich model, the influencing mechanism of different controlling factors is discussed. The experimental results show that the adsorption/desorption behaviors of 241Am(Ⅲ) in Na-montmorillonite colloid and/or quartz sand strongly are influenced by the pH value and ionic strength of a solution, the colloid concentration as well as quartz sand grain size. The adsorption and desorption isotherms within all the experimental conditions could be well-fitted by the Freundlich model and the correlation coefficients (R2) are bigger than 0.9. With the increase in pH, the adsorption partition coefficient (Kd) at 241Am(Ⅲ)-Na-montmorillonite colloid two-phase system and 241Am(Ⅲ)-Na-montmorillonite colloid-quartz sand three-phase system presents a trend which increases firstly followed by decreasing, due to the changes in the morphology of Am with pH. The Kd of 241Am(Ⅲ) adsorption on montmorillonite colloid and quartz sand decreases with increasing in ionic strength, which is mainly attributed to the competitive adsorption, surface complexation and the reduction of surface zeta potential. Additionally, the Kd increases with increasing colloid concentrations because of the increase in adsorption sites. When the mean grain diameter changes from 0.45 to 0.3 mm, the adsorption variation trends of 241Am(Ⅲ) remain basically unchanged. The research results obtained in this work are meaningful and helpful in understanding the migration behaviors of radionuclides in the underground environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiulan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingli Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China; China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Aiming Zhang
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, China
| | - Song Yang
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, China
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3
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Turkeltaub T, Weisbrod N, Zavarin M, Chang E, Kersting AB, Teutsch N, Roded S, Tran EL, Geller Y, Gerera Y, Klein-BenDavid O. Radionuclide transport in fractured chalk under abrupt changes in salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168636. [PMID: 37981163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Internationally, it has been agreed that geologic repositories for spent fuel and radioactive waste are considered the internationally agreed upon solution for intermediate and long-term disposal. In countries where traditional nuclear waste repository host rocks (e.g., clay, salt, granite) are not available, other low permeability lithologies must be studied. Here, chalk is considered to determine its viability for disposal. Despite chalk's low bulk permeability, it may contain fracture networks that can facilitate radionuclide transport. In arid areas, groundwater salinity may change seasonally due to the mixing between brackish groundwater and fresh meteoric water. Such salinity changes may impact the radionuclides' mobility. In this study, radioactive U(VI) and radionuclide simulant tracers (Sr, Ce and Re) were injected into a naturally fractured chalk core. The mobility of tracers was investigated under abrupt salinity variations. Two solutions were used: a low ionic strength (IS) artificial rainwater (ARW; IS ∼0.002) and a high IS artificial groundwater (AGW; IS ∼0.2). During the experiments, the tracers were added to ARW, then the carrier was changed to AGW, and vice versa. Ce was mobile only in colloidal form, while Re was transported as a conservative tracer. Both Re and Ce demonstrated no change in mobility due to salinity changes. In contrast, U and Sr showed increased mobility when AGW was introduced and decreased mobility when ARW was introduced into the core. These experimental results, supported by reactive transport modeling, suggest that saline groundwater solutions promote U and Sr release via ion-exchange and enhance their migration in fractured chalk. The study emphasizes the impact of salinity variations near spent fuel repositories and their possible impact on radionuclide mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuvia Turkeltaub
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel.
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Mavrik Zavarin
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Elliot Chang
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Annie B Kersting
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Nadya Teutsch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - Sari Roded
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Emily L Tran
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel; Now at Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Qatsrin 1290000, Israel
| | - Yehonatan Geller
- Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yarden Gerera
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Ofra Klein-BenDavid
- Nuclear Research Center of the Negev, Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beersheva 8419001, Israel; Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
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Cai F, Ma F, Zhang X, Reimus P, Qi L, Wang Y, Lu D, Thanh HV, Dai Z. Investigating the influence of bentonite colloids on strontium sorption in granite under various hydrogeochemical conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165819. [PMID: 37506897 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The disposal of high-level radioactive waste in deep geological repositories is a critical environmental issue. The presence of bentonite colloids generated in the engineering barrier can significantly impact the transport of radionuclides, but their effect on radionuclide sorption in granite remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the sorption characteristics of strontium (Sr) on granite as well as on the coexistence system of granite and colloids under various hydrogeochemical conditions, through batch experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to analyze the sorption forms of Sr on granite before and after sorption. Several hydrogeochemical factors were examined, including contact time, pH, ionic strength, coexisting ions, and bentonite and humic acid colloid concentration. Among these factors, the concentration of bentonite colloids exhibited a significant effect on Sr sorption. Within a specific range of colloid concentration, the sorption of Sr on the solid system increased linearly with the bentonite colloid concentration. pH and ionic strength were also found to play crucial roles in the sorption process. At low pH, Sr sorption primarily occurred through the outer sphere's surface complexation and Na+/H+ ion exchange. However, at high pH, inner sphere surface complexation dominated the process. As the ionic strength increased, electrostatic repulsion gradually increased, resulting in fewer binding sites for particle aggregation and Sr sorption on bentonite colloids. The results also indicate that with increasing pH, the predominant forms of Sr in the solution transitioned from SrHCO3+ and SrCl+ to SrCO3 and SrCl+. This was mainly due to the ion exchange of Ca2+/Mg2+ in plagioclase and biotite, forming SrCO3 precipitation. These findings provide valuable insights into the transport behavior of radionuclides in the subsurface environment of the repository and highlight the importance of considering bentonite colloids and other hydrogeochemical factors when assessing the environmental impact of high-level radioactive waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Cai
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Funing Ma
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Paul Reimus
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Linlin Qi
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Di Lu
- Yantai Customs Technology Center, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Hung Vo Thanh
- Laboratory for Computational Mechanics, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
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5
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Evaluation of adsorption behaviour of selenium onto zeolite-based composite barrier material for intermediate deep radioactive waste repository. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2023.104604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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6
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Wei X, Pan D, Tan Q, Shi X, Hou J, Tang Q, Xu Z, Wu W, Ma B. Surface charge property governing co-transport of illite colloids and Eu(III) in saturated porous media. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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7
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Yang J, Lin Q, Chen Y, Li Y, Sun L, Wu H, Kang M. Adsorption of radioactive cobalt(II) in the groundwater-soil systems surrounding the effluent pipeline of a proposed NPP in China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Rotariu T, Pulpea D, Toader G, Rusen E, Diacon A, Neculae V, Liggat J. Peelable Nanocomposite Coatings: "Eco-Friendly" Tools for the Safe Removal of Radiopharmaceutical Spills or Accidental Contamination of Surfaces in General-Purpose Radioisotope Laboratories. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2360. [PMID: 36365178 PMCID: PMC9695050 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioactive materials are potentially harmful due to the radiation emitted by radionuclides and the risk of radioactive contamination. Despite strict compliance with safety protocols, contamination with radioactive materials is still possible. This paper describes innovative and inexpensive formulations that can be employed as 'eco-friendly' tools for the safe decontamination of radiopharmaceuticals spills or other accidental radioactive contamination of the surfaces arising from general-purpose radioisotope handling facilities (radiopharmaceutical laboratories, hospitals, research laboratories, etc.). These new peelable nanocomposite coatings are obtained from water-based, non-toxic, polymeric blends containing readily biodegradable components, which do not damage the substrate on which they are applied while also displaying efficient binding and removal of the contaminants from the targeted surfaces. The properties of the film-forming decontamination solutions were assessed using rheological measurements and evaporation rate tests, while the resulting strippable coatings were subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile tests. Radionuclide decontamination tests were performed on various types of surfaces encountered in radioisotope workspaces (concrete, painted metal, ceramic tiles, linoleum, epoxy resin cover). Thus, it was shown that they possess remarkable properties (thermal and mechanical resistance which permits facile removal through peeling) and that their capacity to entrap and remove beta and alpha particle emitters depends on the constituents of the decontaminating formulation, but more importantly, on the type of surface tested. Except for the cement surface (which was particularly porous), at which the decontamination level ranged between approximately 44% and 89%, for all the other investigated surfaces, a decontamination efficiency ranging from 80.6% to 96.5% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traian Rotariu
- Military Technical Academy “Ferdinand I”, 39–49 George Cosbuc Boulevard, 050141 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Pulpea
- Military Technical Academy “Ferdinand I”, 39–49 George Cosbuc Boulevard, 050141 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Toader
- Military Technical Academy “Ferdinand I”, 39–49 George Cosbuc Boulevard, 050141 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Edina Rusen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University ‘POLITEHNICA’ of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurel Diacon
- Military Technical Academy “Ferdinand I”, 39–49 George Cosbuc Boulevard, 050141 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University ‘POLITEHNICA’ of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentina Neculae
- Institute for Nuclear Research—RATEN ICN-Pitesti, 1 Street Campului, 115400 Mioveni, Romania
| | - John Liggat
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1BX, UK
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9
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Philipp T, Huittinen N, Shams Aldin Azzam S, Stohr R, Stietz J, Reich T, Schmeide K. Effect of Ca(II) on U(VI) and Np(VI) retention on Ca-bentonite and clay minerals at hyperalkaline conditions - New insights from batch sorption experiments and luminescence spectroscopy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156837. [PMID: 35750178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In deep geological repositories for radioactive waste, interactions of radionuclides with mineral surfaces occur under complex geochemical conditions involving complex solution compositions and high pH resulting from degradation of cementitious geo-engineered barriers. Ca2+ cations have been hypothesized to play an important role as mediators for the retention of U(VI) on Ca-bentonite at (hyper)alkaline conditions, despite the anionic character of both the mineral surface and the aqueous uranyl species. To gain deeper insight into this sorption process, the effect of Ca2+ on U(VI) and Np(VI) retention on alumosilicate minerals has been comprehensively evaluated, using batch sorption experiments and time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). Sorption experiments with Ca2+ or Sr2+ and zeta potential measurements showed that the alkaline earth metals sorb strongly onto Ca-bentonite at pH 8-13, leading to a partial compensation of the negative surface charge, thereby generating potential sorption sites for anionic actinyl species. U(VI) and Np(VI) sorption experiments in the absence and presence of Ca2+ or Sr2+ confirmed that these cations strongly enhance radionuclide retention on kaolinite and muscovite at pH ≥ 10. Concerning the underlying retention mechanisms, site-selective TRLFS provided spectroscopic proof for two dominating U(VI) species at the alumosilicate surfaces: (i) A ternary U(VI) complex, where U(VI) is bound to the surface via bridging Ca cations with the configuration surface ≡ Ca - OH - U(VI) and, (ii) U(VI) sorption into the interlayer space of calcium (aluminum) silicate hydrates (C-(A-)S-H), which form as secondary phases in the presence of Ca due to partial dissolution of alumosilicates under hyperalkaline conditions. Consequently, the present study confirms that alkaline earth elements, which are ubiquitous in geologic systems, enable strong retention of hexavalent actinides on clay minerals under hyperalkaline repository conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimo Philipp
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nina Huittinen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Salim Shams Aldin Azzam
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Stohr
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Fritz Strassmann Weg 2, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Janina Stietz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Fritz Strassmann Weg 2, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Reich
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Fritz Strassmann Weg 2, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Schmeide
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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10
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Liu C, Li Y, Liu S, Zhou Y, Liu D, Fu C, Ye L. Efficient extraction of UO22+ from seawater by polyethylenimine functionalized activated carbon (PEI-AC): adsorption performance and mechanism. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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11
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Stockmann M, Fritsch K, Bok F, Fernandes MM, Baeyens B, Steudtner R, Müller K, Nebelung C, Brendler V, Stumpf T, Schmeide K. New insights into U(VI) sorption onto montmorillonite from batch sorption and spectroscopic studies at increased ionic strength. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150653. [PMID: 34597569 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The influence of ionic strength up to 3 mol kg-1 (background electrolytes NaCl or CaCl2) on U(VI) sorption onto montmorillonite was investigated as function of pHc in absence and presence of CO2. A multi-method approach combined batch sorption experiments with spectroscopic methods (time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) and in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR)). In the absence of atmospheric carbonate, U(VI) sorption was nearly 99% above pHc 6 in both NaCl and CaCl2 and no significant effect of ionic strength was found. At lower pH, cation exchange was strongly reduced with increasing ionic strength. In the presence of carbonate, U(VI) sorption was reduced above pHc 7.5 in NaCl and pHc 6 in CaCl2 system due to formation of aqueous UO2(CO3)x(2-2x) and Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complexes, respectively, as verified by TRLFS. A significant ionic strength effect was observed due to the formation of Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq), which strongly decreases U(VI) sorption with increasing ionic strength. The joint analysis of determined sorption data together with literature data (giving a total of 213 experimental data points) allowed to derive a consistent set of surface complexation reactions and constants based on the 2SPNE SC/CE approach, yielding log K°≡SSOUO2+ = 2.42 ± 0.04, log K°≡SSOUO2OH = -4.49 ± 0.7, and log K°≡SSOUO2(OH)32- = -20.5 ± 0.4. Ternary uranyl carbonate surface complexes were not required to describe the data. With this reduced set of surface complexes, an improved robust sorption model was obtained covering a broad variety of geochemical settings over wide ranges of ionic strengths and groundwater compositions, which subsequently was validated by an independent original dataset. This model improves the understanding of U(VI) retention by clay minerals and enables now predictive modeling of U(VI) sorption processes in complex clay rich natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stockmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
| | - K Fritsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Bok
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Marques Fernandes
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory for Waste Management, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - B Baeyens
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory for Waste Management, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - R Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - K Müller
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - C Nebelung
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - V Brendler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - K Schmeide
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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12
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Perlova OV, Tekmenzhi EI, Perlova NA, Polikarpov AP. Dynamic Sorption of Carbonate Forms of Uranium(VI) with FIBAN Fibrous Ion Exchangers. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362221060084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Brix K, Baur S, Haben A, Kautenburger R. Building the bridge between U(VI) and Ca-bentonite - Influence of concentration, ionic strength, pH, clay composition and competing ions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131445. [PMID: 34265724 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the context of a high-level nuclear waste disposal, the retention of U(VI) on non-pre-treated Ca-bentonite as potential technical barrier is studied. The objective of this study is to reveal the retention behaviour of U(VI) under extreme geochemical conditions, such as hyperalkaline pH range as well as high salinity at the same time, and taking into account other relevant parameters. This should lead to a better understanding of necessary safety precautions for avoiding a release of U(VI) in the environment. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the influence of the initial U(VI) concentration, salinity, pH value, clay composition and the presence of other elements (Ca(II), I-, Cs(I), Eu(III)). After the sorption experiments, the remaining U(VI) concentration in solution was determined via mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. U(VI) can be immobilised from 10% to 100% under all investigated conditions. Precipitation plays a role in the U(VI) retention but only at higher concentrations (≥10-5 mol L-1). The retention is reversible especially with decreasing pH (<10.5) as the aquo complex Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq) is formed. Ca(II) strongly enhances the U(VI) adsorption onto Ca-bentonite in the hyperalkaline pH range, probably due to the formation of Ca(II)-bridges. The best retention could be observed on natural bentonite compared to pure montmorillonite and altered bentonite. From a waste cocktail containing important elements of the repository inventory (Cs(I), Eu(III), U(VI) and iodide), only Eu(III) as homologous element to trivalent actinoids competes with U(VI) for binding sites, especially at low metal concentrations, but also facilitates the precipitation at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Brix
- Institute of Inorganic Solid State Chemistry - WASTe-Elemental Analysis Group, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Sandra Baur
- Institute of Inorganic Solid State Chemistry - WASTe-Elemental Analysis Group, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Aaron Haben
- Institute of Inorganic Solid State Chemistry - WASTe-Elemental Analysis Group, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ralf Kautenburger
- Institute of Inorganic Solid State Chemistry - WASTe-Elemental Analysis Group, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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14
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Adsorption optimization of uranium(VI) onto polydopamine and sodium titanate co-functionalized MWCNTs using response surface methodology and a modeling approach. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Du W, Yang Y, Hu L, Chang B, Cao G, Nasir M, Lv J. Combined determination analysis of surface properties evolution towards bentonite by pH treatments. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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16
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Hou W, Lei Z, Hu E, Wang H, Wang Q, Zhang R, Li H. Cotransport of uranyl carbonate loaded on amorphous colloidal silica and strip-shaped humic acid in saturated porous media: Behavior and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117230. [PMID: 33930821 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uranyl carbonate (UC(VI)) is a stable form of uranyl (U(VI)) that widely coexists with amorphous colloidal silica (ACSi) and humic acid (HA) in carbonate-rich U-contaminated areas. In this context, the cotransport behavior and mechanism of UC(VI) with ACSi (100 mg L-1) and HA colloids in saturated porous media were systematically investigated. It was found that the ACSi and strip-shaped HA have a strong adsorption capacity for UC(VI), and their adsorption distribution coefficient (Kd) is 4-5 orders of magnitude higher than that of quartz sand (QS). In the ternary system, UC(VI) was mainly existing in the colloid-associated form at low UC(VI) concentration (4.2 × 10-6 M). Compared with the individual transport of UC(VI), the presence of ACSi and strip-shaped HA in the binary system promotes the transport of low-concentration UC(VI) (4.2 × 10-6 M) but shows a hindering effect when UC(VI) = 2.1 × 10-5 M. When ionic strength (IS) increased from 0 to 100 mM, the individual transport of UC(VI) and ACSi was weakened owing to the masking effect and the compression of the electrical double layer, respectively; this weakening effect is more pronounced in the binary (UC(VI)-ACSi) system. Notably, the transport of UC(VI) and ACSi in the ternary system is independent of the changes in IS due to the surface charge homogeneity strengthening the electrostatic repulsion between HA and QS. The Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory and retention profiles reveal the co-deposition mechanism of ACSi and UC(VI) in the column under different hydrochemical conditions. The nonequilibrium two-site model and the mathematical colloidal model successfully described the breakthrough data of UC(VI) and ACSi, respectively. These results are helpful for evaluating the pollution caused by UC(VI) migration in an environment rich in HA and formulating corresponding effective control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Nuclear Fuel Cycle Technology and Equipment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhiwu Lei
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Rare Metal Minerals Exploitation and Geological Disposal of Wastes, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Eming Hu
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Rare Metal Minerals Exploitation and Geological Disposal of Wastes, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Qingliang Wang
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Nuclear Fuel Cycle Technology and Equipment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Rare Metal Minerals Exploitation and Geological Disposal of Wastes, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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17
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Volkov IN, Zharkova VO, Karaseva YY, Lysakova ЕI, Zakharova ЕV. Sorption of 90Sr and 137Cs on clays used to build safety barriers in radioactive waste storage facilities. NUCLEAR ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/nucet.7.69930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the work was to investigate the sorptive capacity of natural clay samples with respect to 90Sr and 137Cs to assess the possibility of using these as components of protective barriers at radioactive waste isolation facilities. Bentonite clays of the Zyryanskoye and Desyaty Khutor deposits and high-melting clay of the Kampanovskoye deposit were selected for the investigation. The capacity of clays for sorption through ionic exchange is characterized by the value of the cation exchange capacity (CEC). In the process of sorption experiments, all of the test clays displayed a high rate of extracting strontium and cesium radionuclides from aqueous solutions. It was shown that the sorption of 90Sr is affected by the content of montmorillonite in the samples: bentonite clays absorb up to 98–99% of the initial radionuclide content in the solution, while about 80% of strontium is sorbed by high-melting clay. Cesium is practically fully sorbed by the tested samples and the degree of sorption amounts to over 99%, the highest value of the distribution coefficient having been recorded for the Kampanovskoye sample (Kd = 5.0×103 cm3/g). The method of sorbed radionuclides fixation on the clay samples were identified by selective desorption using the modified Tessier methodology. It was shown that strontium ions are more mobile than ions of cesium up to 97% of which is retained by clays.
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18
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Ram R, Kalnins C, Pownceby MI, Ehrig K, Etschmann B, Spooner N, Brugger J. Selective radionuclide co-sorption onto natural minerals in environmental and anthropogenic conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124989. [PMID: 33450517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities can redistribute the constituents of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), posing potential hazards to populations and ecosystems. In the present study, the co-sorption of several RN from the U decay chain- 238U, 230Th, 226Ra, 210Pb and 210Po, onto common minerals associated with mining activities (chalcopyrite, bornite, pyrite and barite) was investigated, in order to identify the various factors that control long-term NORM mobility and retentivity in environmental acid-mine drainage systems and hydrometallurgical processing. The results show selective RN co-sorption to the various natural minerals, suggesting that mineral-specific mechanisms govern the variability in NORM mobility and retentivity. Both 226Ra and 210Po underwent significant sorption onto the natural minerals investigated in this study. The order of co-sorption in sulfate media for chalcopyrite and bornite was 210Po>226Ra>206Pb>210Pb>238U/230Th. Conversely, both pyrite and barite showed increased affinity for 226Ra; the order of co-sorption in sulfate media was 226Ra>210Po>206Pb/210Pb>238U/230Th for pyrite and 226Ra>206Pb/210Pb>230Th/238U/210Po for barite. Similar orders of co-sorption were observed in the nitrate media: for chalcopyrite and bornite the order was 210Po>226Ra/206Pb/210Pb/238U/230Th compared to 226Ra>210Po/206Pb/210Pb/238U/230Th for pyrite and barite. The behavior of 210Po was found to the anomalous: in both sulfate and nitrate solutions, 210Po had little affinity for barite compared to the sulfides. Thermodynamic modeling indicated the formation of a reduced PoS(s) phase at the surface of sulfide minerals, leading to the suggestion that 210Po likely undergoes reductive precipitation on the surface of sulfide minerals. The high sorption of both 206Pb and 210Pb observed in the sulfate systems were likely as a result of co-precipitation as insoluble anglesite compared to nitrate where they mainly remained in solution. Overall, barite showed the highest affinity for 226Ra, given its propensity to sorb 226Ra (similar ionic size). Both 238U and 230Th were highly mobile in acidic sulfate and nitrate solutions. The results highlighted here identify the various constraints on the natural variability and fractionation of NORM in the environment, as well as the mineral-specific mechanisms that control co-sorption of RN. This information provides a framework for predicting RN transport within soils and ground waters with variable geochemical conditions and in metallurgical extraction processes, in order to develop effective strategies towards NORM mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ram
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, 9 Rainforest Walk, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Chris Kalnins
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Kathy Ehrig
- BHP Olympic Dam, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Barbara Etschmann
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, 9 Rainforest Walk, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Nigel Spooner
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joël Brugger
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, 9 Rainforest Walk, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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19
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Tran E, Zavrin M, Kersting AB, Klein-BenDavid O, Teutsch N, Weisbrod N. Colloid-facilitated transport of 238Pu, 233U and 137Cs through fractured chalk: Laboratory experiments, modelling, and implications for nuclear waste disposal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143818. [PMID: 33246722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of montmorillonite colloids on the mobility of 238Pu, 233U and 137Cs through a chalk fracture was investigated to assess the transport potential for radioactive waste. Radioisotopes of each element, along with the conservative tracer tritium, were injected in the presence and absence of montmorillonite colloids into a naturally fractured chalk core. In parallel, batch experiments were conducted to obtain experimental sorption coefficients (Kd, mL/g) for both montmorillonite colloids and the chalk fracture material. Breakthrough curves were modelled to determine diffusivity and sorption of each radionuclide to the chalk and the colloids under advective conditions. Uranium sorbed sparingly to chalk (log Kd = 0.7 ± 0.2) in batch sorption experiments. 233U(VI) breakthrough was controlled primarily by the matrix diffusion and sorption to chalk (15 and 25% recovery with and without colloids, respectively). Cesium, in contrast, sorbed strongly to both the montmorillonite colloids and chalk (batch log Kd = 3.2 ± 0.01 and 3.9 ± 0.01, respectively). The high affinity to chalk and low colloid concentrations overwhelmed any colloidal Cs transport, resulting in very low 137Cs breakthrough (1.1-5.5% mass recovery). Batch and fracture transport results, and the associated modelling revealed that Pu migrates both as Pu (IV) sorbed to montmorillonite colloids and as dissolved Pu(V) (7% recovery). Transport experiments revealed differences in Pu(IV) and Pu(V) transport behavior that could not be quantified in simple batch experiments but are critical to effectively predict transport behavior of redox-sensitive radionuclides. Finally, a brackish groundwater solution was injected after completion of the fracture flow experiments and resulted in remobilization and recovery of 2.2% of the total sorbed radionuclides which remained in the core from previous experiments. In general, our study demonstrates consistency in sorption behavior between batch and advective fracture transport. The results suggest that colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport will enhance radionuclide migration in fractured chalk for those radionuclides with exceedingly high affinity for colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Tran
- Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Mavrik Zavrin
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Annie B Kersting
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Ofra Klein-BenDavid
- Nuclear Research Center of the Negev, Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beersheva 8419001, Israel; Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Nadya Teutsch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel.
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20
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Huang Y, Su M, Chen D, Zhu L, Pang Y, Chen Y. Highly-efficient and easy separation of hexahedral sodium dodecyl sulfonate/δ-FeOOH colloidal particles for enhanced removal of aqueous thallium and uranium ions: Synergistic effect and mechanism study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123800. [PMID: 33254803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) and uranium (U) contaminants pose serious threats to the ecological environment and human health. In this research, a cost-effective feroxyhite (δ-FeOOH) dispersed with sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) was prepared and a series of experiments were optimized to explore the removal mechanism of Tl+ and UO22+ from the effluent. The SDS/δ-FeOOH exhibited highly dispersed colloidal particles and showed significantly enhanced adsorption performance on the removal of Tl and U in the presence of H2O2 and pH of 7.0. Equilibrium uptakes of 99.5% and 99.7% were rapidly achieved for Tl+ and UO22+ within 10 min, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm model fitted well with the adsorption data of Tl and U. The maximum isotherm sorption capacity of SDS/δ-FeOOH for Tl+ and UO22+ was 182.9 and 359.6 mg/g, respectively. The sorption of Tl followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the sorption of U followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The uptake of Tl and U by SDS/δ-FeOOH was notably inhibited at Na+, K+ concentrations over 5.0 mM, and a high content of dissolved organic matter (over 0.5 mg/L). The mechanistic study revealed that ion exchange, precipitation, and surface complexation were main mechanisms for the removal of Tl and U. The findings of this study indicate that stabilizer dispersion may serve as an effective strategy to facilitate the treatment of wastewater containing Tl and U by using δ-FeOOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Minhua Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Diyun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Liqiong Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yixiong Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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21
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Tran E, Reimus P, Klein-BenDavid O, Teutsch N, Zavarin M, Kersting AB, Weisbrod N. Mobility of Radionuclides in Fractured Carbonate Rocks: Lessons from a Field-Scale Transport Experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11249-11257. [PMID: 32786561 PMCID: PMC7498145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Current research on radionuclide disposal is mostly conducted in granite, clay, saltstone, or volcanic tuff formations. These rock types are not always available to host a geological repository in every nuclear waste-generating country, but carbonate rocks may serve as a potential alternative. To assess their feasibility, a forced gradient cross-borehole tracer experiment was conducted in a saturated fractured chalk formation. The mobility of stable Sr and Cs (as analogs for their radioactive counterparts), Ce (an actinide analog), Re (a Tc analog), bentonite particles, and fluorescent dye tracers through the flow path was analyzed. The migration of each of these radionuclide analogs (RAs) was shown to be dependent upon their chemical speciation in solution, their interactions with bentonite, and their sorption potential to the chalk rock matrix. The brackish groundwater resulted in flocculation and immobilization of most particulate RAs. Nevertheless, the high permeability of the fracture system allowed for fast overall transport times of all aqueous RAs investigated. This study suggests that the geochemical properties of carbonate rocks may provide suitable conditions for certain types of radionuclide storage (in particular, brackish, high-porosity, and low-permeability chalks). Nevertheless, careful consideration should be given to high-permeability fracture networks that may result in high radionuclide mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily
L. Tran
- Zuckerberg
Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert
Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Paul Reimus
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ofra Klein-BenDavid
- Nuclear
Research Center of the Negev, Negev,
P.O. Box 9001, Beersheva 8419001, Israel
- Geological
and Environmental Science Department, Ben
Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Nadya Teutsch
- Geological
Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz Street, Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - Mavrik Zavarin
- Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Annie B. Kersting
- Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- Zuckerberg
Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert
Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
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22
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Stability Analysis of GMZ Bentonite Colloids: Aggregation Mechanism Transition and the Edge Effect in Strongly Alkaline Conditions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Xu D, Zuo R, Han K, Ding F, Jin S, Zhao X, Shi R, Wang J. Sorption of Sr in granite under typical colloidal action. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2020; 233:103659. [PMID: 32480100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sorption behaviour of Sr into granite was studied with the presence or absence of typical colloids (goethite, bentonite and humic acid). A batch technique was used to analyse the influencing process of colloids and key factors. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize granite samples before and after the batch experiments. The experiments showed that the presence of colloids promotes the sorption of Sr in the broken granite system; when goethite, bentonite or humic acid (HA) was present, the sorption capacity percentages were 1.8, 2.13 and 1.93 times higher, respectively, than those in the granite only system. As the initial Sr2+ concentration increased, the sorption of Sr increased, but the sorption percentage decreased; the sorption percentage reached a maximum at pH = 7 and decreased as the acidity or alkalinity of the solution increased. The sorption of granite may be related to the interstitial water of the hydroxyl, quartz, and feldspar, the intergranular water of granite groups and the water molecules attached to the granite. Moreover, the surface of the granite sample was rougher after the sorption experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Xu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Kexue Han
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuhe Jin
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rongtao Shi
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
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24
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Yurlova LY. Removal of U(VI) from Waters by Ultrafiltration Using Dynamic Membranes Formed From Montmorillonite and the Layered Double Hydroxide Zn–Al–EDTA. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x20020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Fu H, Ding D, Sui Y, Zhang H, Hu N, Li F, Dai Z, Li G, Ye Y, Wang Y. Transport of uranium(VI) in red soil in South China: influence of initial pH and carbonate concentration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:37125-37136. [PMID: 31745769 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Uranium-contaminated wastewater associated with uranium (U) mining and processing inevitably releases into soil environment. In order to assess the risk of U wastewater contamination to groundwater through percolation, U adsorption and transport behavior in a typical red soil in South China was investigated through batch adsorption and column experiments, and initial pH and carbonate concentration were considered of the high-sulfate background electrolyte solution. Results demonstrated that U adsorption isotherms followed the Freundlich model. The adsorption of U to red soil significantly decreased with the decrease of the initial pH from 7 to 3 in the absence of carbonate, protonation-deprotonation reactions controlled the adsorption capacity, and lnCs had a linear relationship with the equilibrium pH (pHeq). In the presence of carbonate, the adsorption was much greater than that in the absence of carbonate owing to the pHeq values buffered by carbonate, but the adsorption decreased with the increase of the carbonate concentration from 3.5 to 6.5 mM. Additionally, the breakthrough curves (BTCs) obtained by column experiments showed that large numbers of H+ and CO32- competed with the U species for adsorption sites, which resulted in BTC overshoot (C/C0 > 1). Numerical simulation results indicated that the BTCs at initial pH 4 and 5 could be well simulated by two-site chemical non-equilibrium model (CNEM), whereas the BTCs of varying initial carbonate concentrations were suitable for one-site CNEM. The fractions of equilibrium adsorption sites (f) seemed to correlate with the fractions of positively charged complexes of U species in solution. The values of partition coefficients (kd') were lower than those measured in batch adsorption experiments, but they had the same variation trend. The values of first-order rate coefficient (ω) for all BTCs were low, representing a relatively slow equilibrium between U in the liquid and solid phases. In conclusion, the mobility of U in the red soil increased with the decrease of the initial pH and with the increase of the initial carbonate concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Fu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Yang Sui
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhongran Dai
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Guangyue Li
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yongjun Ye
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, 421001, China
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Xu Q, Ye B, Mou X, Ye J, Liu W, Luo Y, Shi J. Lead was mobilized in acid silty clay loam paddy soil with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113179. [PMID: 31542670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The immobilization effectiveness between Pb and phosphorus in soil varies with soil types. To clarify the effect of phosphate on the availability of Pb in agricultural soil, a culture experiment with three types of paddy soil was performed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) added. EDTA, DGT and in-situ solution extraction methods were used to represent different available Pb content. Results showed that the concentration of EDTA-Pb in HN soil was slightly elevated after exogenous KDP added. The supplement of 300 mg/kg KDP significantly increased the content of soluble Pb in both acid silty clay loam soil and neutral silty loam soil (increased by 104.65% and 65.12%, respectively). However, there was no significant influence of KDP on the concentration of DGT extracted Pb. XANES results showed that Pb(OH)2, PbHPO4, humic acid-Pb and GSH-Pb were the major speciation of Pb in soil colloids. The proportion of Pb(OH)2 and humic acid-bounded Pb in soil colloids were elevated after exogenous KDP added. Our results indicated that there was a mobilization effect of KDP on Pb by increasing the amount of colloidal Pb in soil solution, especially in acid silty clay loam paddy soil. Such colloid-facilitated transport might promote the uptake of Pb in rice and pose a potential threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Binhui Ye
- Chengbang Eco-Environment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jien Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yating Luo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Klein-BenDavid O, Harlavan Y, Levkov I, Teutsch N, Brown KG, Gruber C, Ganor J. Interaction between spent fuel components and carbonate rocks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:469-480. [PMID: 31279194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deep geological repository is considered the internationally accepted method for spent fuel (SF) disposal. In countries where salt, clay, tuff and granite are unavailable at geologically suitable area, other rock types may come into consideration. In Israel, carbonate rocks make up a significant portion of the surface and subsurface lithologies, thus, low permeability carbonates were evaluated as possible host rocks for a repository, and for an interim storage facility. Sorption and retardation capacity of SF components to low permeability carbonate rocks were evaluated using their chemical simulants. Strontium and Cs represent components that may leach during interim storage, while U and Ce (as a simulant for redox-active actinides) represent components that may leach under repository conditions. Rocks from the Upper Cretaceous Mount Scopus Group were sampled from boreholes at the Yamin Plateau, Israel. Single point batch experiments were conducted with synthetic rainwater spiked with tracers and interacted with five rock types of various particle sizes at 25 °C. Results were evaluated using the LeachXS™-ORCHESTRA geochemical speciation and data management program. Cerium removal was found to be related to the HCO3- concentration in solution, where Ce precipitated as Ce2(CO3)3·XH2O and as an amorphous carbonate phase. Removal of Cs and Sr was controlled by clays. No Sr co-precipitation as carbonate species was observed. Uranium was removed mainly by sorption onto solid organic matter, whereas clays had no significant role in U sorption. Iron-(hydr) oxides may have also played a role in U removal. Calculated partition coefficients for U, Cs, and Sr were in the order of 101-102 mL/g. Grain size had no significant effect on the retention capacity of the studied rocks due to similar effective surface area. The current study indicates that a repository or an interim storage facility within carbonate rocks, would provide only partial isolation of radionuclides from the environment, hence, additional engineered barriers may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Klein-BenDavid
- Applied Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Center - Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Be'er Sheva 8419001, Israel; Geological & Environmental Sciences Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 653 84105, Israel.
| | - Y Harlavan
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - I Levkov
- Geological & Environmental Sciences Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 653 84105, Israel
| | - N Teutsch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9371234, Israel
| | - K G Brown
- The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - C Gruber
- The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - J Ganor
- Geological & Environmental Sciences Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 653 84105, Israel
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28
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Yang J, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Ge M, Wu W, Guo Z. Co-transport of U(VI) and gibbsite colloid in saturated granite particle column: Role of pH, U(VI) concentration and humic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:450-461. [PMID: 31252245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the in-situ transport behavior of U(VI) in granitic formations is of considerable interest for geological disposal of high-level radioactive wastes (HLW). In this context, the co-transport of U(VI) and representative naturally-occurring colloids, i.e., humic acid (HA) and gibbsite colloid (GC), was studied in granite column as a function of pH, U(VI) concentration and HA amount. It was found that, in addition to pH, co-transport of U(VI) and GC was also controlled by U(VI) concentration, the effect of which can be transport-facilitating and transport-impeding for U(VI) at relatively low concentration (2.0 × 10-6 mol/L) and for U(VI) at high concentration (5.0 × 10-5 mol/L), respectively. HA can present opposite effects on GC transport depending on HA amount. The transport-impeding effect by small amount of HA (5 mg/L) is due to strong aggregation between GC and HA from electrostatic attraction and complexation, whereas the transport-facilitating effect by big amount of HA (20 mg/L) is because of the complete HA coating which stabilizes associated colloids and alters surface charge from positive to negative. In ternary co-transport systems, a similar HA-dependent effect was also observed for both U(VI) and GC regardless of presence of high concentration U(VI). Besides the application of the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, the mechanisms behind binary and ternary co-transport of U(VI), GC and HA were also analyzed by assessing the evolutions of zeta potential and particle size in the column effluents. Finally, a two-site non-equilibrium model and a two-site kinetic attachment/detachment model were applied to describe the breakthrough curves of U(VI) and individual/combined colloids, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that combined effects of GC and HA on radionuclides transport is dominated by the amount of HA, and a facilitating transport of radionuclide can be expected in the underground environment rich in humic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Yang
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Zongyuan Chen
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Mengtuan Ge
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
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29
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Tran EL, Teutsch N, Klein-BenDavid O, Kersting AB, Zavrin M, Weisbrod N. Radionuclide transport in brackish water through chalk fractures. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114886. [PMID: 31357014 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mobility of radionuclides originating from geological repositories in the subsurface has been shown to be facilitated by clay colloids. In brackish water, however, colloids may flocculate and act to immobilize radionuclides associated with them. Furthermore, little research has been conducted on radionuclide interactions with carbonate rocks. Here, the impact of bentonite colloid presence on the transport of a cocktail of U(VI), Cs, Ce and Re through fractured chalk was investigated. Flow-through experiments were conducted with and without bentonite colloids, present as a mixture of bentonite and Ni-altered montmorillonite colloids. Ce was used as an analogue for reactive actinides in the (III) and (VI) redox states, and Re was considered an analogue for Tc. Filtered brackish groundwater (ionic strength = 170 mM) pumped from a fractured chalk aquitard in the northern Negev Desert of Israel, was used as a solution matrix. Rhenium transport was identical to that of the conservative tracer, uranine. The sorption coefficient (Kd) of U(VI), Cs and Re, calculated from batch experiments with crushed chalk, proved to be a good predictor of mass recovery in transport experiments conducted without bentonite colloids. A meaningful Kd value for Ce could not be calculated due to its precipitation as a Ce-carbonate colloids. Transport of both U(VI) and Cs was indifferent to the presence of bentonite colloids. However, the addition of bentonite in the injection solution effectively immobilized Ce, decreasing its recovery from 17-41% to 0.8-1.4%. This indicates that radionuclides which interact with clay colloids that undergo flocculation and deposition may effectively be immobilized in brackish aquifers. The results of this study have implications for the prediction of potential mobility of radionuclides in safety assessments for future geological repositories to be located in fractured carbonate rocks in general and in brackish groundwater in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Tran
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Nadya Teutsch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem, 9371234, Israel
| | - Ofra Klein-BenDavid
- Nuclear Research Center of the Negev, Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beersheva, 8419001, Israel; Geological and Environmental Science Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Annie B Kersting
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Mavrik Zavrin
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel.
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30
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Yang J, Ge M, Jin Q, Chen Z, Guo Z. Co-transport of U(VI), humic acid and colloidal gibbsite in water-saturated porous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:405-414. [PMID: 31146132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The release of uranyl from uranium tailing sites is a widely concerned environmental issue, with limited investigations on the effect of coexistence of various colloids. Gibbsite colloids extensively exist, together with ubiquitous humic substances, in uranium polluted waters at tailing sites, due to high concentration of dissolved Al in acid mine drainage. In this context, we investigated the co-transport of U(VI), gibbsite colloids and humic acid (HA) as a function of pH and ionic strength at a U(VI) concentration (5.0 × 10-5 M) relevant within mine tailings and related waste. It was found that, owing to electrostatic attraction, gibbsite colloids and HA associated with each other and transported simultaneously regardless of U(VI) presence. Besides the impact of pH and ionic strength, whether gibbsite colloids facilitated U(VI) transport depended on HA concentration. Gibbsite colloids impeded U(VI) transport at relatively low HA concentration (≤5 mg L-1), because associated colloids loaded with U(VI) were positively charged which favored colloid retention on negatively charged quartz sand in the column. U(VI) together with gibbsite colloids and low concentration HA was completely blocked at natural pH and/or high ionic strength. At relatively high HA concentration (20 mg L-1), however, the associated colloids showed negative zeta potential which facilitated U(VI) transport because of repulsion between negatively charged colloids and quartz sand. Meanwhile, high concentration of HA dramatically accelerated the transport of gibbsite colloids. These results implied that gibbsite colloids might imped U(VI) migration at uranium tailing sites unless the aquifers are enriched with abundant humic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Yang
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengtuan Ge
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Jin
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zongyuan Chen
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Radiochemistry Lab, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China.
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31
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Zhang W, Cheng JH, Xian QS, Cui JF, Tang XY, Wang GX. Dynamics and sources of colloids in shallow groundwater in lowland wells and fracture flow in sloping farmland. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 156:252-263. [PMID: 30921541 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Field-scale studies of natural colloid mobilization and transport in finely fractured aquifer as well as the source identification of groundwater colloids are of great importance to the safety of shallow groundwater. In this study, the daily monitoring of fracture flow from a sloping farmland plot and the biweekly monitoring of three lowland shallow wells within the same catchment were carried out simultaneously in 2013. The effects of physicochemical perturbations on groundwater colloid dynamics were explored in detail using partial redundancy analysis, structural equation modeling, Pearson correlation and multi-linear regression analyses. The characterization and source identification of groundwater colloids were addressed via multiple parameters. The daily colloid concentration in the fracture flow varied between 0.54 and 31.90 mg/L (1.64 mg/L on average). Unique periods of high colloid concentration (5.59 mg/L on average) occurred during the initially generated flow following the dry season. In comparison, a narrower colloid concentration range of 0.24-11.66 mg/L was observed in the lowland shallow wells, with a smaller temporal variation than that of the fracture flow. A low percentage (2.4-7.0%) of colloids and a high percentage (47.7-92.0%) of coarse particles (2-10 μm) were present in the lowland well water. Hydraulic perturbation by rainwater infiltration in the sloping farmland was the dominant mechanism for colloid mobilization in general; this effect retreated to secondary importance behind chemical perturbations (pH, Mg2+ and DOC) at low flow discharges (<1.3 L/min). In contrast, water chemistry (e.g., EC, cations and DOC concentrations) exhibited a major effect on colloid dynamics in the water of the lowland wells, except for the extremely high-salinity water of one well, in which water temperature showed a negative dominant influence on colloid stability. The combined use of multiple parameters (e.g., mineral composition and organic matter, calcium carbonate and δ13C contents) traced groundwater colloids to the shallow soil in the upper farmlands. It is strongly advised that in finely fractured aquifers within agricultural catchments, not only the small colloids but also the coarse particles in the size range of 2-10 μm should be monitored in case of colloid-associated contamination from agricultural wastes e.g., N, P, pesticides and/or heavy metals, especially at the early stages of the rainy seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Tourism and Land Resource, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian-Hua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing-Song Xian
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun-Fang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiang-Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gen-Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Metwally SS, El-Sherief EA, Mekhamer HS. Fixed-bed column for the removal of cesium, strontium, and lead ions from aqueous solutions using brick kiln waste. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1572189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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