1
|
Di Lodovico E, Marchand L, Oustrière N, Burges A, Capdeville G, Burlett R, Delzon S, Isaure MP, Marmiroli M, Mench MJ. Potential ability of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to phytomanage an urban brownfield soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:29314-29331. [PMID: 34661843 PMCID: PMC8521509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Badischer Geudertheimer) for phytomanaging and remediating soil ecological functions at a contaminated site was assessed with a potted soil series made by fading an uncontaminated sandy soil with a contaminated sandy soil from the Borifer brownfield site, Bordeaux, SW France, at the 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% addition rates. Activities of sandblasting and painting with metal-based paints occurred for decades at this urban brownfield, polluting the soil with metal(loid)s and organic contaminants, e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in addition to past backfilling. Total topsoil metal(loid)s (e.g., 54,700 mg Zn and 5060 mg Cu kg-1) exceeded by seven- to tenfold the background values for French sandy soils, but the soil pH was 7.9, and overall, the 1M NH4NO3 extractable soil fractions of metals were relatively low. Leaf area, water content of shoots, and total chlorophyll (Chl) progressively decreased with the soil contamination, but the Chl fluorescence remained constant near its optimum value. Foliar Cu and Zn concentrations varied from 17.8 ± 4.2 (0%) to 27 ± 5 mg Cu kg-1 (100%) and from 60 ± 15 (0%) to 454 ± 53 mg Zn kg-1 (100%), respectively. Foliar Cd concentration peaked up to 1.74 ± 0.09 mg Cd kg-1, and its bioconcentration factor had the highest value (0.2) among those of the metal(loid)s. Few nutrient concentrations in the aboveground plant parts decreased with the soil contamination, e.g., foliar P concentration from 5972 ± 1026 (0%) to 2861 ± 334 mg kg-1 (100%). Vulnerability to drought-induced embolism (P50) did not differ for the tobacco stems across the soil series, whereas their hydraulic efficiency (Ks) declined significantly with increasing soil contamination. Overall, this tobacco cultivar grew relatively well even in the Borifer soil (100%), keeping its photosynthetic system healthy under stress, and contaminant exposure did not increase the vulnerability of the vascular system to drought. This tobacco had a relevant potential to annually phytoextract a part of the bioavailable soil Zn and Cd, i.e., shoot removals representing here 8.8% for Zn and 43.3% for Cd of their 1M NH4NO3 extractable amount in the potted Borifer soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Di Lodovico
- Univ. Parma, via Universita 12, 43121 Parma, Italy
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Lilian Marchand
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Nadège Oustrière
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Aritz Burges
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Gaelle Capdeville
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Régis Burlett
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Sylvain Delzon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Isaure
- Univ. Pau et Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM-UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau cedex9, France
| | | | - Michel J. Mench
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Bât. B2, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Phosphorus Fertilizers Enhance the Phytoextraction of Cadmium through Solanum nigrum L. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030236. [PMID: 35161217 PMCID: PMC8840203 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity strongly influences plants growth and seed germination in crop plants. This pot trial had aimed evaluate the benefits of two different kinds of phosphorus (P)-fertilizer in the phytoremediation of Cd by Solanum nigrum L. The current pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of P-fertilizers in phytoremediation of Cd by Solanum nigrum L. Single superphosphate (SSP) contain 7 to 9% P and Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) contain 46% P had been applied in single and combine form in soil with different ratios (0:0, 100:0, 0:100, 50:50%) accompanied by diverse Cd levels (0, 25, 50 mg kg−1). Three weeks seeding were transferred into pots, and plants had been harvested afterward seventy days of growth in the pots. Significantly inhibited plant growth was observed in shoots and roots of Cd contaminated plants. Cadmium stress had stimulated oxidative stress in subjected plants. However, supplementation of P-fertilizers in an optimum manner significantly increased plant biomass along with enhancing antioxidants enzymatic activities and inhibiting oxidative stress. Maximum plant-growth had been noted in SSP + DAP supplemented plants in contrast to single SSP, DAP supplemented plants. Higher Cd concentrations observed in SSP + DAP supplemented plants over single treatment. It has been concluded that combination of SSP + DAP might be a better option to improve growth as well as uptake capacity of Solanum nigrum L. under Cd stress. However, a field study is recommended for detailed future investigations.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng R, Teng W, Hu Y, Hou X, Shi D, Tian X, Scullion J, Wu J. Cadmium uptake by a hyperaccumulator and three Pennisetum grasses with associated rhizosphere effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1845-1857. [PMID: 34363165 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pennisetum grasses (P. purpureum Schumach. 'Purple', P. alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. 'Liren' and P. alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. 'Changsui'), and a cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator (Thlaspi caerulescens J.Presl & C.Presl), were grown in soil with four Cd addition levels of 0, 2, 20 and 200 mg/kg. Toxicity symptoms were not observed although growth of all plants decreased as Cd addition increased. Shoot bioconcentration factor (BCFS), the translocation factor (TF) and shoot accumulation of Cd for most plants first increased and then declined as Cd concentrations increased. In contrast, the root bioconcentration factor (BCFR) for T. caerulescens declined and root Cd accumulation for T. caerulescens and two P. alopecuroides cultivars increased consistently as Cd levels increased. P. purpureum had the largest biomass with shoot Cd accumulation similar to that of T. caerulescens, despite lower foliar Cd concentration. Although shoot Cd concentrations of two P. alopecuroides cultivars were lower than for P. purpureum, root Cd concentrations were greater. P. purpureum had Cd BCFS and TF (> 1) at 2- and 20-mg/kg Cd addition treatments, similar to T. caerulescens. P. alopecuroides cultivars had Cd BCFR (> 1) and TF (< 1) at all Cd levels. Roots did not affect rhizosphere pH. However, concentrations of acid extractable Cd in rhizosphere soil were lower than those of corresponding non-rhizosphere soil at all Cd levels for T. caerulescens and P. purpureum; T. caerulescens and P. purpureum did not affect less bioavailable Cd fractions. Concentrations of acid extractable Cd in the rhizosphere of the P. alopecuroides cultivars were not reduced at any Cd level. Differences in Cd accumulation among the three Pennisetum grasses were mainly attributable to root biomass and Cd TFs rather than rhizosphere Cd mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruilun Zheng
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Teng
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Xincun Hou
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Shi
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Tian
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - John Scullion
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Juying Wu
- Research & Development Centre for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu J, Li R, Lu Y, Bai Z. Sustainable management of cadmium-contaminated soils as affected by exogenous application of nutrients: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113081. [PMID: 34171783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in arable land is of great concern as it impairs plant growth and further threats human health via food-chain. Exogenous supplementation of nutrients is an environmentally-friendly, cost-effective, convenient and feasible strategy for regulating Cd uptake, transport and accumulation in plants. To sustain Cd-contaminated soils management, on the one hand, a low level of the Cd-contaminated soil is expected to cultivate crops with decreased Cd accumulation as affected by exogenous nutrients application, on another hand, a high level of the Cd-contaminated soil is suggested to cultivate phytoextraction plants with increased Cd accumulation as affected by exogenous nutrients application. Nevertheless, effects of nutrients on Cd accumulation in plants are still ambiguous. Thus, data of Cd accumulation in shoots of plants as affected by exogenous application of nutrients were collected from previously published articles between 2005 and 2021 in the present study. According to the data, exogenous supply of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si) to a larger extent decrease Cd amounts in shoots of plants. By contrast, exogenous nitrogen (N), and deficient Ca, Mg and Fe supply have a great possibility to increase Cd amounts in shoots of plants. Although exogenous application of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), potassium (K), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) have a great opportunity to increase biomass, they show different effects on Cd concentrations. As a result, the odds are even for increasing and decreasing Cd amounts in shoots of plants. Taken together, exogenous application of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Si might decrease Cd accumulation in plants that are recommended for crops production. Exogenous N and deficient Ca, Mg and Fe supply might increase Cd accumulation in plants that are recommended for phytoextraction plants. Exogenous application of P, S, K, Zn and Se have half a chance to increase or decrease Cd accumulation in plants. Therefore, dosages, forms and species should be taken into account when exogenous P, S, K, Zn and Se are added.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China.
| | - Ruijuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Zhenqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yung L, Blaudez D, Maurice N, Azou-Barré A, Sirguey C. Dark septate endophytes isolated from non-hyperaccumulator plants can increase phytoextraction of Cd and Zn by the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16544-16557. [PMID: 33387325 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can improve plant stress tolerance by promoting growth and affecting element accumulation. Due to its ability to accumulate high Cd, Zn, and Ni concentrations in its shoots, Noccaea caerulescens is considered a promising candidate for phytoextraction in the field. However, the ability of DSEs to improve trace element (TE) phytoextraction with N. caerulescens has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the ability of five DSE strains, previously isolated from poplar roots collected at different TE-contaminated sites, to improve plant development, mineral nutrient status, and metal accumulation by N. caerulescens during a pot experiment using two soils differing in their level of TE contamination. Microscopic observations revealed that the tested DSE strains effectively colonised the roots of N. caerulescens. In the highly contaminated (HC) soil, a threefold increase in root biomass was found in plants inoculated with the Leptodontidium sp. Pr30 strain compared to that in the non-inoculated condition; however, the plant nutrient status was not affected. In contrast, the two strains Phialophora mustea Pr27 and Leptodontidium sp. Me07 had positive effects on the mineral nutrient status of plants without significantly modifying their biomass. Compared to non-inoculated plants cultivated on HC soil, Pr27- and Pr30-inoculated plants extracted more Zn (+ 30%) and Cd (+ 90%), respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the responses of N. caerulescens to DSE inoculation ranged from neutral to beneficial and we identified two strains (i.e. Leptodontidium sp. (Pr30) and Phialophora mustea (Pr27)) isolated from poplar that appeared promising as they increased the amounts of Zn and Cd extracted by improving plant growth and/or TE accumulation by N. caerulescens. These results generate interest in further characterising the DSEs that naturally colonise N. caerulescens and testing their ability to improve phytoextraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Yung
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LSE, F-54000, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Damien Blaudez
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Maurice
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LSE, F-54000, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Antonin Azou-Barré
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LSE, F-54000, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
He W, Long A, Zhang C, Cao M, Luo J. Mass balance of metals during the phytoremediation process using Noccaea caerulescens: a pot study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:8476-8485. [PMID: 33063210 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are two widely used methods to estimate the time taken for phytoremediation for the removal of the target pollutants, i.e., using the data of metal uptake by the harvested parts of the selected plant or using the decrement in average element content between the beginning and end of the remediation. The latter not only depends on sampling points but is also determined by sampling time because even if the soil is initially perfectly homogenized, plant growth itself heterogenizes the soil as time goes by. In this study, phytoremediation was tested on one homogenized soil obtained from various soil samples taken within an e-waste dismantling and recycling site, and the remediation time for different points of bulk and rhizosphere soil was estimated using the two methods. Phytoremediation efficiency, as assessed by the change in soil metal concentrations over 100 days, widely varied depending on which of the six soil compartments of the pot was sampled, and the standard deviations of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Cu increased as the experiment proceeded, indicating the inaccuracy of this method. When applied to rhizosphere soil, this method led to a large overestimation of phytoremediation efficiency for Cd and Zn, which was 81- and 77-fold that was obtained by measuring the actual amount of metals taken up by Noccaea caerulescens. The significant difference between the two methods indicated that the blended soil became heterogeneous during the phytoremediation process because the species extracted metals from different soil parts, manifested by the variation in the metal content. The gap between these two estimation methods decreased when the soil was mixed thoroughly at the end of the experiment. This work shows that calculating the metal decontamination efficiency based on the measurement of the actual amount of metal taken by the plant is more robust than estimating it based on the evolution of soil metal concentration over time. In addition, our study reveals that using N. caerulescens may not be appropriate in Pb- or Cu-polluted soil, since this species mobilized these metals but did not extract them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang He
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aogui Long
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cao
- University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Jie Luo
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen J, Qin S, Tang J, Chen G, Xie J, Chen L, Han S, Wang X, Zhu T, Liu Y, Lin T. Exogenous nitrogen enhances poplar resistance to leaf herbivory and pathogen infection after exposure to soil cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111688. [PMID: 33396020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elemental defense hypothesis suggests that toxic metals accumulated in plant tissues could enhance plant defense against herbivores and pathogens. Since over-accumulation of metals in plant organs will pose negative effects on plant health, it is necessary to find a way to alleviate metal-induced toxicity in plants while keeping or even improving plant resistance. Exogenous nitrogen (N) application was reported to have such alleviation effect while stimulating metal accumulation in plant tissues. In this study, we examined whether soil N addition in three different doses to a poplar species under cadmium (Cd) stress can simultaneously improve plant growth and resistance to four herbivorous insects and a leaf pathogen. The results showed that N application to Cd-amended soil prominently enhanced plant growth and leaf Cd accumulation. While N addition in three doses all remarkably reduced herbivore growth than control plants, only the highest N dose exerted stronger inhibition than the sole Cd-treated plants. In the paired-choice experiment, plants supplied with the highest N dose showed an enhanced deterrent effect on herbivore preference than plants exposed to sole Cd. Furthermore, plant resistance to the leaf pathogen infection was strongly enhanced as the levels of N addition increased. Leaf sugar and three main defensive chemicals were not affected by N application implied that such enhanced effect of N on plant resistance was due to increased leaf Cd accumulation. Our results suggested that the application of exogenous N over a certain amount could enhance the resistance of Cd-treated plants to leaf herbivory and pathogen infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Siyu Qin
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiayao Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiulong Xie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shan Han
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yinggao Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tiantian Lin
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Phytoremediation—From Environment Cleaning to Energy Generation—Current Status and Future Perspectives. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a technology based on the use of green plants to remove, relocate, deactivate, or destroy harmful environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, radionuclides, hydrocarbons, and pharmaceuticals. Under the general term of phytoremediation, several processes with distinctively different mechanisms of action are hidden. In this paper, the most popular modes of phytoremediation are described and discussed. A broad but concise review of available literature research with respect to the dominant process mechanism is provided. Moreover, methods of plant biomass utilization after harvesting, with particular regard to possibilities of “bio-ore” processing for metal recovery, or using energy crops as a valuable source for bio-energy production (bio-gas, bio-ethanol, bio-oil) are analyzed. Additionally, obstacles hindering the commercialization of phytoremediation are presented and discussed together with an indication of future research trends.
Collapse
|
9
|
N-Fertilizer (Urea) Enhances the Phytoextraction of Cadmium through Solanum nigrum L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113850. [PMID: 32485810 PMCID: PMC7312380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is currently a major environmental concern, as most agricultural land is being polluted from municipal discharge. Among various other pollutants, cadmium (Cd), one of the most harmful heavy metals, enters into the food chain through the irrigation of crops with an industrial effluent. In the present study, a pot experiment was designed to assess the effect of different nitrogen (N)-fertilizer forms in the phytoremediation of Cd through Solanum nigrum L. Two types of N fertilizers (NH4NO3 and urea) were applied to the soil in different ratios (0:0, 100:0, 0:100, and 50:50 of NH4NO3 and urea, individually) along with different Cd levels (0, 25, and 50 mg kg−1). The plants were harvested 70 days after sowing the seeds in pots. Cadmium contamination significantly inhibited the growth of leaves and roots of S. nigrum plants. Cadmium contamination also induced oxidative stress; however, the application of N-fertilizers increased the plant biomass by inhibiting oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidants’ enzymatic activities. The greatest plant growth was observed in the urea-treated plants compared with the NH4NO3-treated plants. In addition, urea-fed plants also accumulated higher Cd concentrations than NH4NO3-fed plants. It is concluded that urea is helpful for better growth of S. nigrum under Cd stress. Thus, an optimum concentration of N-fertilizers might be effective in the phytoremediation of heavy metals through S. nigrum.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou X, Huang G, Liang D, Liu Y, Yao S, Ali U, Hu H. Influence of nitrogen forms and application rates on the phytoextraction of copper by castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:647-656. [PMID: 31808081 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is an important agricultural strategy for enhancing the efficiency of phytoremediation in copper (Cu)-contaminated soils. In this study, the effects of nitrogen (N) forms, including ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N), on the growth, translocation, and accumulation of Cu in the tissues of Ricinus communis L. were investigated in pot and hydroponic experiments. The results demonstrated that higher biomass and N contents in plants were obtained when N was supplied as NO3--N rather than NH4+-N. Application of N increased the Cu content in the roots of R. communis, with a higher content after NH4+-N (53.10-64.20 mg kg-1) than NO3--N (37.62-53.75 mg kg-1) treatment. On the contrary, the levels of Cu translocation factors were much higher in NO3--fed plants (0.34-0.45) than in NH4+-fed plants (0.28-0.38). The suggested amount of N for fertilizer application is 225 kg hm-2, which resulted in the highest Cu content in R. communis and optimal plant growth. As the main Cu-binding site, root cell walls accumulated less Cu in plants treated with NH4+-N compared with NO3--N. Additionally, NH4+-N induced a higher malondialdehyde content and more severe root damage compared with NO3--N. In the leaf, a larger number of black granules, which could be protein and starch grains involved in the detoxification of Cu in R. communis, were present after NH4+-N than NO3--N treatment. These results illustrate that N forms are especially important for Cu translocation and accumulation and that immobilization and transformation of Cu in roots were improved more by NH4+-N than NO3--N. In conclusion, N fertilizers containing the appropriate forms applied at suitable rates may enhance the biomass and Cu accumulation of R. communis and thereby the remediation efficiency of Cu-contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiupei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ding Liang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He X, Zhang J, Ren Y, Sun C, Deng X, Qian M, Hu Z, Li R, Chen Y, Shen Z, Xia Y. Polyaspartate and liquid amino acid fertilizer are appropriate alternatives for promoting the phytoextraction of cadmium and lead in Solanum nigrum L. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124483. [PMID: 31404738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional metal chelators, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), have been gradually replaced due to their poor biodegradability in soil and high risk of heavy metal leaching into groundwater, which pose high environmental risks to the health of humans and animals. In this study, a liquid amino acid fertilizer (LAAF, waste proteins from hydrolysates of animal carcasses) and polyaspartate (PASP) were used as additives to enhance the phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from contaminated soil. We conducted pot experiments to investigate the phytoextraction capacity of Solanum nigrum, a Cd accumulator, grown on soil highly contaminated with Cd and Pb in the absence (as controls) or presence of PASP and LAAF. Both PASP and LAAF significantly improved plant growth, Cd accumulation, and total Cd and Pb content in S. nigrum shoots and roots. PASP and LAAF application promoted Cd translocation from roots to shoots in S. nigrum and Cd bio-accessibility in rhizosphere soils, but this was not the case for Pb. Both PASP and LAAF increased Cd and Pb phytoextraction by S. nigrum plants, and Cd phytoextraction was more effective in LAAF-assisted S. nigrum than in PASP-assisted S. nigrum. These findings demonstrate that the low cost and ecofriendly features of recycled waste proteins make them good candidates for chelant-enhanced phytoextraction from heavy metal-contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yingnan Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chuanyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaopeng Deng
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Meng Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Rong Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Luo J, Yang G, Igalavithana AD, He W, Gao B, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Effects of elevated CO 2 on the phytoremediation efficiency of Noccaea caerulescens. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113169. [PMID: 31539847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been continuously increasing, and more investigations are needed in regard to the responses of various plants to the corresponding climatic conditions. In particular, potential variations in phytoremediation efficiency induced by global warming have rarely been investigated. Objective of this research was to evaluate the changes in phytoremediation efficiency of Noccaea caerulescens exposed to different concentrations of CO2. The concentrations of CO2 in the elevated CO2 treatments were adjusted to 550 ± 50 ppm to match the level of atmospheric CO2 predicted in 2050-2070. Compared to ambient controls (400 ppm), biomass yields and metal concentrations of N. caerulescens increased under elevated CO2 conditions, thus indicating that the phytoremediation efficiency of the species could increase in higher CO2 environment. In addition, water soluble and exchangeable Pb and Cu concentrations in soils decreased under elevated CO2 conditions, which reduced the leaching risks of the metals. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) of N. caerulescens decreased to different degrees with the increased CO2 concentrations. The overall findings suggested that elevations in CO2 can reduce the oxidative damage caused by metals in this species. The phytoremediation efficiency of N. caerulescens grown in multiple metal-enriched soils could be enhanced with global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenxiang He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang W, Dai H, Skuza L, Wei S. Strengthening role and the mechanism of optimum nitrogen addition in relation to Solanum nigrum L. Cd hyperaccumulation in soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109444. [PMID: 31310903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Solanum nigrum L. has a high potential for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, and nitrogen fertilizer supply is an effective method to further improve its phytoremediation potential. The soil pot culture experiment was used to explore 4 kinds of nitrogen fertilizers the best fertilizer addition concentrations and their strengthening mechanisms. The results showed that S. nigrum biomass increased with increasing N doses until 800 mg kg-1, where the biomass reached maximum and no longer improved (p < 0.05). However, Cd concentration accumulated by S. nigrum and the extractable Cd concentration in soil did not show a significant decrease (p < 0.05). In this experiment, when N fertilizer was added at 800 mg kg-1 (NH4HCO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4 and CH4N2O fertilizers), the biomass of the aboveground S. nigrum parts improved to the maximum under (NH4)2SO4 and CH4N2O treatments, i.e. 5.86 g pot-1 and 5.83 g pot-1, increased by 5.92- and 5.89-fold, respectively (p < 0.05), compared to the controls without N fertilizers addition. At the same time, Cd phytoaccumulation in plants was elevated to 128.40 μg pot-1 and 129.14 μg pot-1, increased by 6.20- and 6.24-fold, respectively (p < 0.05), compared to control with no fertilizer added. The results of this experiment demonstrated that Cd phytoextraction capacity (μg pot-1) was the strongest under (NH4)2SO4 and CH4N2O treatments at N content of 800 mg kg-1, when plant nutrient recovery reached the maximum, and these 2 types of nitrogen fertilizers could be utilized to remediate Cd-contaminated soil in field experiments or even in practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huiping Dai
- College of Biological Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
| | - Lidia Skuza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cytology, Institute for Research on Biodiversity, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, 71-415, Poland
| | - Shuhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|