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Lele CK, Oluba OM, Adeyemi OS. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown and health risk modeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Onne, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:166. [PMID: 36446906 PMCID: PMC9708509 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The people living in Onne are highly vulnerable to PAH exposure due to constant exposure to black soot through oral, dermal, and inhalation routes. This work aims to determine the PAHs profile of selected soils in Onne, to determine the health risks associated with PAHs exposure through the soil, and to determine the impact of reduced industrial and other activities on the PAHs profile and associated public health risks. This study evaluated 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) pollutants in soil samples from the four (4) major clans in Onne using a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. The results showed a differential presence of PAHs during and after the lockdown. Of the 16 priority PAHs, 10 and 8 PAHs were respectively detected during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. High molecular weight PAHs such as benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)anthracene were major contributors during the lockdown, while low molecular weight PAHs such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and fluorene were present at higher levels after the lockdown. An assessment of health risk by incremental lifetime cancer risks revealed that the entire population of Onne might be at risk of cancer development across periods, though a higher risk was presented during the lockdown. In addition, children under the age of 18 may be at greater risk. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on soil PAH profile and health risks, with particular attention to the Onne industrial host community. Earlier work considered the ecological risks of heavy metals on dumpsites in Onne. Taken together, the PAH-contaminated soil in Onne poses an immediate health concern. Therefore, reduced anthropological activities, as evident during the COVID-19 lockdown, may play a role in exposure and cancer risk reduction. While there may not be another lockdown due to the challenging impacts associated with a physical lockdown, firmly controlled economic activity can be a solution if embraced by stakeholders. The COVID-19-lockdown was encumbered with restricted movements and security checks, which limited the number of samples collected. However, the Local Government Council (Department of the Environment) granted permission for the researchers to work with a minimal threat to their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity Kelechi Lele
- Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health & Well-Being Research Group), Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria
| | - Olarewaju Michael Oluba
- Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health & Well-Being Research Group), Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria.
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health & Well-Being Research Group), Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria.
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu K, Fang L, Huang J, Xia S, Zhou Q, Lv L, Wang C. Embryonic exposure to phenanthrene caused developmental defects of craniofacial cartilage in F1 larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 243:106080. [PMID: 35065452 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with low ring numbers, phenanthrene (Phe) is ubiquitously present in the environment. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to Phe at 0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 nmol/L for 96 h, and then cultured to adulthood in clean water, the developmental defects of craniofacial cartilage were observed in F1 larvae produced by adult males and females mated with untreated fish. Delayed development of craniofacial cartilage, including a shorter and wider Meckel's cartilage and mandibular arch were observed in F1 larvae from adult fish of both sexes. Maternal F1 larvae showed a greater impact on the lower jaw than paternal F1 larvae, this may be connected with greater downregulation of the transcription of genes related to the development of craniofacial cartilage such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2), fibroblast growth factor 8 (fgf8), sonic hedgehog (shh), Indian hedgehog (ihh). Further results indicated that the modification DNA methylation levels in the promotors of gene runx2 and shh in maternal and paternal F1 larvae were inherited from embryonic F0 larvae, and might be linked with the toxicity of craniofacial cartilage in F1 larvae. This study illustrated that embryonic exposure to Phe could induce adverse effects on craniofacial development in F1 offspring, emphasizing the importance of transgenerational toxicology studies in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Siyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Liangju Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Moreno-Pérez PA, Hernández-Téllez M, Bautista-Gálvez A. In Danger One of the Largest Aquifers in the World, the Great Mayan Aquifer, Based on Monitoring the Cenotes of the Yucatan Peninsula. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:189-198. [PMID: 34250569 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aquifer flowing beneath the Yucatan Peninsula, México, is one of the largest in the world and is in direct contact with the surface through "cenotes" (sinkholes) that have been documented to be contaminated with various classes of pollutants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental status of the Great Mayan Aquifer through a review of data published on pollution of the cenotes. Approximately 1000 known georeferenced cenotes on the Yucatan Peninsula were geographically located. A map was generated using the geographic information system software. High-resolution satellite images were processed to complement the "QuickMap Services" and the formatting service of the Environmental Systems Research Institute. From the literature, 173 cenotes were identified as being sampled for various pollutants, and of these, one or more classes of pollutants were detected in 160 (i.e., greater than 92%) of the cenotes. Pollutants reported to be present included bacteria and viruses of human origin, fecal sterols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and personal care products. From the review of the literature, only 13 cenotes were reported to be free of the target pollutants. From this study, it can be concluded that the aquifer system with the Yucatan Peninsula is vulnerable to contamination from pollutants originating from wastewater, as well as surface runoff and infiltration from urban and agricultural lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Antonio Moreno-Pérez
- Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Av. Paseo Tollocan, Calle Jesús Carranza, Moderna de La Cruz, 50180, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
| | - Marivel Hernández-Téllez
- Inter-American Institute of Technology and Water Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, 10 Toluca. Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km. 14.5 San Cayetano Morelos, CP. 50120, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Arely Bautista-Gálvez
- Mayan Faculty of Agricultural Studies of the Autonomous University of Chiapas, Carretera Catazaja-Palenque 14 Km 4, CP. 29960, Catazaja, Chiapas, Mexico
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Yin S, Sun Y, Yu J, Su Z, Tong M, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang L, Li Z, Ren A, Jin L. Prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides is associated with increased risk for neural tube defects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145284. [PMID: 33515890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the most common and disabling fetal congenital defects. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are ubiquitous in the environment. In this study, 119 women who had NTD-affected pregnancies (cases) and 119 women who delivered healthy neonates (controls) were recruited in a rural area of Northern China. We used concentrations of OCPs in umbilical cord tissue as markers of prenatal exposure to investigate the association between in utero exposure to OCPs and NTD risk. Concentrations of 20 OCPs were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 16 of the 20 OCPs were included in the analyses. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations between levels of individual OCPs and NTD risk were estimated separately with logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. The combined effects of exposure to the 16 OCPs as a mixture were analyzed with Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Logistic regression showed that the risk for NTDs increased 5.44-fold (95% CI, 2.21-13.41) for β-hexachlorocyclohexane, 2.51-fold (95% CI, 1.07-5.86) for endosulfan I, 3.78-fold (95% CI, 1.60-8.89) for endosulfan II, 3.42-fold (95% CI, 1.44-8.12) for ο,ρ'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, and 2.89-fold (95% CI, 1.22-6.86) for ρ,ρ'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane when the concentration of each of these OCPs was above its median (exposed) compared to below its median (non-exposed). Other OCPs were not associated with NTD risk in multivariate models. In BKMR, NTD risk increased almost linearly with concentrations of the 16 OCPs as a mixture, which suggests joint effects on NTD risk. Exposure to α-hexachlorocyclohexane, β-hexachlorocyclohexane, endosulfan II, ο,ρ'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, and ρ,ρ'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane was associated with an increased risk for NTDs when levels of the remaining 15 OCPs were taken into account. Taken together, these findings show that prenatal exposure to OCPs is associated with increased risk for NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengju Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Yu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaiming Su
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingkun Tong
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Tao C, Fan Y, Niu R, Li Z, Qian H, Yu H, Xu Q, Xu Q, Lu C. Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sex hormones in children and adolescents: Evidence from NHANES. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 216:112215. [PMID: 33862438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidences showed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) do harm to human body. However, the association between PAHs and sex hormones in children and adolescents remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The study aims to investigate the associations between PAHs and sex hormones in the general children and adolescent population. METHODS 967 participants aged 6-19 with complete data of PAHs exposure biomarkers, covariates and sex hormones [total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)] were recruited from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013-2016. Free androgen index (FAI) was calculated with TT/SHBG. Multivariate linear regression models were performed in six subgroups (male children, male adolescents, male late adolescents, female children, female adolescents and female late adolescents) to estimate the associations between sex hormone alterations and PAHs exposure. RESULTS In male puberty adolescents, weighted multivariate linear regression indicated that negative trends for 2-Hydroxynaphthalene, 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene, 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene and E2 (2-Hydroxynaphthalene: β: -0.104, 95%CI: -0.180, -0.029, P < 0.01; 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.112, 95%CI: -0.206, -0.018, P = 0.019; 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.125, 95%CI: -0.232, -0.018, P = 0.022), while exposure to 2-Hydroxynaphthalene was related to TT reduction (β: -0.099, 95%CI: -0.177, -0.020, P = 0.014). Same pattern between 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene and E2 alteration (2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.139, 95%CI: -0.236, -0.041, P < 0.01) was also observed in male late adolescents. In male children, we determined that 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene was negatively associated with SHBG (β: -0.121, 95%CI: -0.205, -0.037, P < 0.01), while the same patterns were observed in male puberty children. We did not observe any significant result in female subgroups. All these results above were determined to have q value < 0.05. CONCLUSION PAHs exposure was associated with the alterations of sex hormones in male adolescents and children. Considering the cross-sectional study design, further large-scale epidemiological study is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qiujin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Ge X, Yang A, Huang S, Luo X, Hou Q, Huang L, Zhou Y, Li D, Lv Y, Li L, Cheng H, Chen X, Zan G, Tan Y, Liu C, Xiao L, Zou Y, Yang X. Sex-specific associations of plasma metals and metal mixtures with glucose metabolism: An occupational population-based study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143906. [PMID: 33341635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies with multi-pollutant approach on the relationships between multiple metals and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) are limited. Few studies are available on the potential sex-specific associations between metal exposures and glucose metabolism. We explored the associations between 22 plasma metals and FPG level among the 769 participants from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort in China. We applied a sparse partial least squares (sPLS) regression followed by ordinary least-squares regression to evaluate multi-pollutant association. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was used to deal with metal mixtures and evaluate their joint effects on FPG level. In the sPLS model, negative associations on FPG levels were observed for plasma iron (belta = -0.066), cobalt (belta = -0.075), barium (belta = -0.109), and positive associations for strontium (belta = 0.082), and selenium (belta = 0.057) in men, which overlapped with the results among the overall participants. Among women, plasma copper (belta = 0.112) and antimony (belta = 0.137) were positively associated with elevated FPG level. Plasma magnesium was negatively associated with FPG level in both sexes (belta = -0.071 in men and belta = -0.144 in women). The results of overlapped for plasma magnesium was selected as the significant contributor to decreasing FPG level in the multi-pollutant, single-metal, and multi-metal models. BKMR model showed a significantly negative over-all effect of six metal mixtures (magnesium, iron, cobalt, selenium, strontium and barium) on FPG level among the overall participants from all the metals fixed at 50th percentile. In summary, our findings underline the probable role of metals in glucose homeostasis with potential sex-dependent heterogeneities, and suggest more researches are needed to explore the sex-specific associations of metal exposures with risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Sifang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Defu Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yingnan Lv
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Longman Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Gaohui Zan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yanli Tan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.
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Oskar S, Stingone JA. Machine Learning Within Studies of Early-Life Environmental Exposures and Child Health: Review of the Current Literature and Discussion of Next Steps. Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 7:170-184. [PMID: 32578067 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this article is to review the use of machine learning (ML) within studies of environmental exposures and children's health, identify common themes across studies, and provide recommendations to advance their use in research and practice. RECENT FINDINGS We identified 42 articles reporting upon the use of ML within studies of environmental exposures and children's health between 2017 and 2019. The common themes among the articles were analysis of mixture data, exposure prediction, disease prediction and forecasting, analysis of complex data, and causal inference. With the increasing complexity of environmental health data, we anticipate greater use of ML to address the challenges that cannot be handled by traditional analytics. In order for these methods to beneficially impact public health, the ML techniques we use need to be appropriate for our study questions, rigorously evaluated and reported in a way that can be critically assessed by the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Oskar
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th St, Room 1608, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jeanette A Stingone
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th St, Room 1608, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Garland MA, Reynolds K, Zhou CJ. Environmental mechanisms of orofacial clefts. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1660-1698. [PMID: 33125192 PMCID: PMC7902093 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are among the most common birth defects and impart a significant burden on afflicted individuals and their families. It is increasingly understood that many nonsyndromic OFCs are a consequence of extrinsic factors, genetic susceptibilities, and interactions of the two. Therefore, understanding the environmental mechanisms of OFCs is important in the prevention of future cases. This review examines the molecular mechanisms associated with environmental factors that either protect against or increase the risk of OFCs. We focus on essential metabolic pathways, environmental signaling mechanisms, detoxification pathways, behavioral risk factors, and biological hazards that may disrupt orofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Garland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
- Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) graduate group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Chengji J. Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817
- Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) graduate group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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9
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Banerjee S, Suter MA, Aagaard KM. Interactions between Environmental Exposures and the Microbiome: Implications for Fetal Programming. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2020; 13:39-48. [PMID: 33283070 PMCID: PMC7716732 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Decades of population-based health outcomes data highlight the importance of understanding how environmental exposures in pregnancy affect maternal and neonatal outcomes. Animal model research and epidemiological studies have revealed that such exposures are able to alter fetal programming through stable changes in the epigenome, including altered DNA methylation patterns and histone modifications in the developing fetus and infant. It is similarly known that while microbes can biotransform environmental chemicals via conjugation and de-conjugation, specific exposures can also alter the community profile and function of the human microbiome. In this review, we consider how alterations to the maternal and or fetal/infant microbiome through environmental exposures could directly and indirectly alter fetal programming. We highlight two specific environmental exposures, cadmium (Cd) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and outline their effects on the developing fetus and the perinatal (maternal and fetal/infant) microbiome. We further consider how chemical exposures in the setting of natural disasters may be of particular importance to environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Banerjee
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Melissa A. Suter
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Kjersti M. Aagaard
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
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