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Karkou E, Teo CJ, Savvakis N, Poinapen J, Arampatzis G. Industrial circular water use practices through the application of a conceptual water efficiency framework in the process industry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:122596. [PMID: 39321677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Increased industrial water demand and resource depletion require the incorporation of sustainable and efficient water and wastewater management solutions in the industrial sector. Conventional and advanced treatment technologies, closed-water loops at different levels from an industrial process to collaborative networks among industries within the same or another sector and digital tools and services facilitate the materialization of circular water use practices. To this end, the scope of this paper is the application of the Conceptual Water Efficiency Framework (CWEF), which has been developed within the AquaSPICE project aspiring to enhance water circularity within industries in a holistic way. Four water-intensive process industries (two chemical industries, one oil refinery plant and one meat production plant) are examined, revealing its adaptability, versatility and flexibility according to the requirements of each use case. It is evident that the synergy of process, circular and digital innovations can promote sustainability, contribute to water conservation in the industry, elaborating a compact approach to be replicated from other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Karkou
- School of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece.
| | - Chuan Jiet Teo
- KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3430 BB, Nieuwegein, Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Strasse 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Savvakis
- School of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Johann Poinapen
- KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3430 BB, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | - George Arampatzis
- School of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
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2
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Liu L, Wang W, Hong Y. A cost-effective and high efficient Janus membrane for the treatment of oily brine using membrane distillation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:305703. [PMID: 38598248 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3cd1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Membrane distillation technology could utilize low-grade heat to desalinate brine, but the membrane material often suffers from disadvantages of low permeation flux and weak robustness to contaminants. To address these issues, the commercial polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was modified by cost-effective chemicals of tannic acid and (3-Aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) to construct hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic nano-rough structures on the surface to enhance its flux and oil-fouling resistance in direct contact membrane distillation. The results show that a high underwater oil contact angle of 180° is observed to the membrane surface due to the rough nanostructures functionalized by abundant hydroxyl groups. Despite the additional mass transfer resistance provided by the rough nanostructures, the flux was increased noticeably. This is mainly attributed to the strong interactions between the abundant hydroxyl groups of hydrophilic layer surface and water molecules, leading to a part of free water staying at intermediate transition state (IW). The mass transfer resistance of the hydrophilic layer itself is reduced as a consequence of decreased evaporation enthalpy of water, thereby increasing the flux. Moreover, while the flux of the pristine membrane is reduced by 84.18%, the flux of Janus membrane remains the same when treating mineral oil brine emulsions with oil concentration up to 1500 ppm in comparison with the result for 35 g l-1brine solution, indicating that the Janus membrane is safe from the oil contamination. Our work provides a fine guidance for membrane distillation to treat high oily brine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liu
- Key Laboratory of LowGrade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of LowGrade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
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3
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Gao J, Zou C, Zhang X, Guo W, Yu R, Ni Y, Liu D, Kang L, Liu Y, Kondash A, Vengosh A. The water footprint of hydraulic fracturing for shale gas extraction in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168135. [PMID: 37890628 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of shale gas extraction worldwide has raised significant concerns about its impact on water resources. China is expected to undergo a shale revolution following the U.S. Most of the information on water footprint of shale gas exploration and hydraulic fracturing has been focused on the U.S. Here, we addressed this knowledge gap by establishing a comprehensive database of shale gas extraction in China, utilizing operational data from over 90 % of shale gas wells across the country. We present systematic analysis of water usage and flowback and produced water (FP water) production from all the major shale gas fields in China. Between 2012 and 2022, a total of 2740 shale gas wells were hydraulically fractured in China, primarily located in Sichuan and Chongqing Province. About 113 million m3 water was used for hydraulic fracturing, resulting in a cumulative shale gas production of 116 billion m3. As of 2022, the annual water use for hydraulic fracturing exceeded 20 million m3, and the annual FP water production reached 8.56 million m3. Notably, 80 % ~ 90 % of the FP water has been reused for hydraulic fracturing since 2020, accounting for 29 % to 35 % of the annual water usage for hydraulic fracturing. Water use per well in China varies primarily between 21,730 m3 to 61,070 m3 per well, and water use per horizontal length ranges primarily between 20 m3/m and 35 m3/m. The average ultimate FP water production per well in China was estimated to be 22,460 m3. The water use intensity (WUI) for shale gas extraction in China mainly ranges from 7 to 25.4 L/GJ, which is significantly higher than that of the U.S. This disparity is largely due to the lower Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR) of shale gas wells in China. Despite the considerable water consumption during the hydraulic fracturing process, shale gas has a relatively low water footprint compared to other conventional energy resources in China. The Produced water intensity (PWI) for shale gas extraction in China ranges from 3.9 to 7.3 L/GJ, which is consistent with the previously reported PWI values for shale gas extraction in the U.S. This study predicts water usage and FP production spanning the period 2023 to 2050 under two scenarios to assess the potential impact of shale gas extraction on water resources in the Longmaxi shale region in Sichuan Basin. The first scenario assumed a constant drilling rate, while the second assumed a yearly 10 % increase in drilling rate. With an assumed FP water reuse rate of 85 % for hydraulic fracturing, the estimated annual freshwater consumption for the two scenarios is 10.4 million m3 and 163 million m3, respectively. This accounts for only 0.28‱ and 4.4‱ of the total annual surface water resources in Sichuan and Chongqing Province. Our findings suggest that freshwater usage for hydraulic fracturing in humid Southern China is small relative to available surface water resources. However, prospective large-scale shale gas extraction in other arid and semi-arid regions may enhance the regional water scarcity. It is necessary to develop new hydraulic fracturing technologies that can use saline groundwater or other types of marginal water, and explore alternative management and treatment strategies for FP water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Gao
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Caineng Zou
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Guo
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rongze Yu
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunyan Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Dan Liu
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lixia Kang
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Andrew Kondash
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States.
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4
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Siagian UWR, Lustiyani L, Khoiruddin K, Ismadji S, Wenten IG, Adisasmito S. From waste to resource: Membrane technology for effective treatment and recovery of valuable elements from oilfield produced water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122717. [PMID: 37863251 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Oilfield produced water, a toxic and saline byproduct of the oil and gas industry, has become a global concern due to its adverse environmental and human health impacts. With large volumes of oilfiled produced water generated annually and predictions of even higher volumes in the near future, effective treatment and resource recovery are imperative. This review paper explores the potential of membrane technology, particularly integrated membrane systems, in treating and recovering valuable elements from oilfield produced water. The increasing attention to this topic is evident, but research on resource recovery still needs to be expanded. Membrane technology offers a promising solution due to its efficiency and minimal need for chemical additives or thermal inputs. However, challenges such as fouling, resistance to oil and organics, and economic viability must be addressed. By discussing oilfield produced water characteristics, treatment methods, practical applications, challenges, and prospects, this review underscores the transformative role of membrane technology in turning oilfield produced water into a valuable resource. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of research in developing anti-fouling membranes, sustainable waste management techniques, and efficient cleaning protocols while considering economic implications and market dynamics for resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- U W R Siagian
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - L Lustiyani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - K Khoiruddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - S Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - I G Wenten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - S Adisasmito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
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5
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Tan B, He Z, Fang Y, Zhu L. Removal of organic pollutants in shale gas fracturing flowback and produced water: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 883:163478. [PMID: 37062313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Shale gas has been developed as an alternative to conventional energy worldwide, resulting in a large amount of shale gas fracturing flowback and produced water (FPW). Previous studies focus on total dissolved solids reduction using membrane desalination. However, there is a lack of efficient and stable techniques to remove organic pollutants, resulting in severe membrane fouling in downstream processes. This review focuses on the concentration and chemical composition of organic matter in shale gas FPW in China, as well as the hazards of organic pollutants. Organic removal techniques, including advanced oxidation processes, coagulation, sorption, microbial degradation, and membrane treatment are systematically reviewed. In particular, the influences of high salt on each technique are highlighted. Finally, different treatment techniques are evaluated in terms of energy consumption, cost, and organic removal efficiency. It is concluded that integrated coagulation-sorption-Fenton-membrane filtration represents a promising treatment process for FPW. This review provides valuable information for the feasible design, practical operation, and optimization of FPW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Hangzhou Shangtuo Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhengming He
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, China
| | - Yuchun Fang
- Hangzhou Shangtuo Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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6
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Kartohardjono S, Salsabila GMK, Ramadhani A, Purnawan I, Lau WJ. Preparation of PVDF-PVP Composite Membranes for Oily Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:611. [PMID: 37367814 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The oil and gas industry and related applications generate large quantities of oily wastewater, which can adversely affect the environment and human health if not properly handled. This study aims to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes incorporated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) additives and utilize them to treat oily wastewater through the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide, followed by the addition of PVP ranging from 0.5 to 35 g. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mechanical strength tests were performed on the flat PVDF/PVP membranes to understand and compare the changes in the physical and chemical properties of the membranes. Prior to the UF process, oily wastewater was treated by a coagulation-flocculation process through a jar tester using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the characterization of the membrane, the addition of PVP improves the physical and chemical properties of the membrane. The membrane's pore size becomes larger, which can increase its permeability and flux. In general, the addition of PVP to the PVDF membrane can increase the porosity and decrease the water contact angle, thereby increasing the membrane's hydrophilicity. With respect to filtration performance, the wastewater flux of the resultant membrane increases with increasing PVP content, but the rejections for TSS, turbidity, TDS, and COD are reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutrasno Kartohardjono
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Ghofira Muna Khansa Salsabila
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Azzahra Ramadhani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Purnawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Woei Jye Lau
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia
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7
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Zhou S, Huang L, Wang G, Wang W, Zhao R, Sun X, Wang D. A review of the development in shale oil and gas wastewater desalination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162376. [PMID: 36828060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of the shale oil and gas extraction industry has heightened concerns about shale oil and gas wastewater (SOGW). This review comprehensively summarizes, analyzes, and evaluates multiple issues in SOGW desalination. The detailed analysis of SOGW water quality and various disposal strategies with different water quality standards reveals the water quality characteristics and disposal status of SOGW, clarifying the necessity of desalination for the rational management of SOGW. Subsequently, potential and implemented technologies for SOGW desalination are reviewed, mainly including membrane-based, thermal-based, and adsorption-based desalination technologies, as well as bioelectrochemical desalination systems, and the research progress of these technologies in desalinating SOGW are highlighted. In addition, various pretreatment methods for SOGW desalination are comprehensively reviewed, and the synergistic effects on SOGW desalination that can be achieved by combining different desalination technologies are summarized. Renewable energy sources and waste heat are also discussed, which can be used to replace traditional fossil energy to drive SOGW desalination and reduce the negative impact of shale oil and gas exploitation on the environment. Moreover, real project cases for SOGW desalination are presented, and the full-scale or pilot-scale on-site treatment devices for SOGW desalination are summarized. In order to compare different desalination processes clearly, operational parameters and performance data of varying desalination processes, including feed salinity, water flux, salt removal rate, water recovery, energy consumption, and cost, are collected and analyzed, and the applicability of different desalination technologies in desalinating SOGW is qualitatively evaluated. Finally, the recovery of valuable inorganic resources in SOGW is discussed, which is a meaningful research direction for SOGW desalination. At present, the development of SOGW desalination has not reached a satisfactory level, and investing enough energy in SOGW desalination in the future is still necessary to achieve the optimal management of SOGW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhou
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Likun Huang
- School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiyu Sun
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
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Liang J, Xie T, Liu Y, Wu Q, Bai Y, Liu B. Granular activated carbon (GAC) fixed bed adsorption combined with ultrafiltration for shale gas wastewater internal reuse. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113486. [PMID: 35597290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Membrane processes are widely applied in shale gas flowback and produced water (SGFPW) reuse. However, particulate matters and organic matters aggravate membrane fouling, which is one of the major restrictions on SGFPW reuse. The present study proposed fixed bed adsorption using granular activated carbon (GAC) combined with ultrafiltration (UF) for the first time to investigate the treatment performance and membrane fouling mechanism. The adsorption of GAC for SGFPW was best described by the Temkin isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. GAC fixed bed pretreatment with different empty bed contact times (EBCT) (30, 60 and 90 min) showed the significant removal rate for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and turbidity, which was 34.7%-42.4% and 98.1%-98.9%, respectively. According to characterization of UF membrane fouling layer, particulate matters and organic matters caused major part of membrane fouling. After being treated by GAC fixed bed, total fouling index (TFI) and hydraulic irreversible fouling index (HIFI) respectively decreased by more than 32.5% and 18.3% respectively, showing the mitigation effect of GAC fixed bed on membrane fouling. According to the XDLVO theory, GAC fixed bed also mitigated membrane fouling by reducing the hydrophobic interactions between the foulants and the UF membrane. The integrated GAC fixed bed-UF process produced high-quality effluents that met the water quality standards of SGFPW internal reuse, which was an effective technology of the SGFPW reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices (Ministry of Education), Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, PR China
| | - Tianqiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices (Ministry of Education), Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, PR China
| | - Yuanhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices (Ministry of Education), Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Qidong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices (Ministry of Education), Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Yuhua Bai
- Infrastructure Construction Department, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Baicang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices (Ministry of Education), Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China.
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Amakiri KT, Canon AR, Molinari M, Angelis-Dimakis A. Review of oilfield produced water treatment technologies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134064. [PMID: 35240151 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Produced water is the wastewater formed when water is brought from subsurface reservoirs during oil or gas extraction. Currently, produced water is mainly treated using conventional trains that contain adsorbates, membrane filters, phase separators and cyclones. This paper reviewed the detailed characteristics of oilfield-produced water and the assessment of multiple technologies at primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments stages. The effectiveness of the treatment technology from the production of waste, energy requirements, usage of chemicals and the treatment effect of contaminants has been discussed. Then a qualitative assessment was presented in terms of energy requirements, robustness, flexibility, waste generation, modularity, and mobility, which has become critical to the development and application prospects of any technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Tamunokuro Amakiri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | | | - Marco Molinari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Athanasios Angelis-Dimakis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH, UK
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10
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Produced Water Treatment and Valorization: A Techno-Economical Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15134619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, environmental concerns have urged companies in the energy sector to modify their industrial activities to facilitate greater environmental stewardship. For example, the practice of unconventional oil and gas extraction has drawn the ire of regulators and various environmental groups due to its reliance on millions of barrels of fresh water—which is generally drawn from natural sources and public water supplies—for hydraulic fracturing well stimulation. Additionally, this process generates two substantial waste streams, which are collectively characterized as flowback and produced water. Whereas flowback water is comprised of various chemical additives that are used during hydraulic fracturing; produced water is a complex mixture of microbiota, inorganic and organic constituents derived from the petroliferous strata. This review will discuss the obstacles of managing and treating flowback and produced waters, concentrating on the hardest constituents to remove by current technologies and their effect on the environment if left untreated. Additionally, this work will address the opportunities associated with repurposing produced water for various applications as an alternative to subsurface injection, which has a number of environmental concerns. This review also uses lithium to evaluate the feasibility of extracting valuable metals from produced water using commercially available technologies.
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11
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Oxidation-biotreatment-membrane combined process for external reuse of shale gas wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Zhang J, Liu P, Ren Y, Du Y, Geng C, Ma J, Zhao F. Treatment of shale gas produced water by magnetic CuFe 2O 4/TNTs hybrid heterogeneous catalyzed ozone: Efficiency and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127124. [PMID: 34523472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic spinel ferrite (CuFe2O4) has been applied to catalyze ozone for treating the practical shale gas produced water (PW) in our previous study. In this work, CuFe2O4/titanium nanotubes (TNTs) catalyst was successfully prepared by an impregnation-calcination method. Characterization results revealed that the crystal form of CuFe2O4 was bound to the surface of TNTs, the particle size is much smaller than the pure CuFe2O4 crystal particle, which could weaken the influence of the internal diffusion process on its catalytic efficiency. The experimental results showed that the removal ratio of CODCr in the CuFe2O4/TNTs/O3 system was approximately 14% higher than that of the CuFe2O4/O3 system. The dissolution of metal elements decreased to one-third that of the CuFe2O4/O3 system. The inhibition ratio of PW on the growth of E. coli K12 decreased 68% after the CuFe2O4/TNTs catalytic oxidation process. Experimental results of complete capture experiments illustrated that the yield of HO• of the CuFe2O4/TNTs/O3 system was 10-19% higher than that of the CuFe2O4/O3 system. The elemental valence analysis revealed that the transition of Cu(II)-Cu(III) and Fe(II)-Fe(III) coexisted in the catalytic system. Besides, the surface hydroxyl groups promoted the electron transfer process and enhanced the ozone adsorption affinity. The proposed catalytic mechanisms of the CuFe2O4/TNTs/O3 system were proposed via the above analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, PR China, 150001
| | - Pingxin Liu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China, 150001.
| | - Yueming Ren
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, PR China, 150001
| | - Yunchen Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin PR China, 150001
| | - Chengbao Geng
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, PR China, 150001
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China, 150001.
| | - Fangbo Zhao
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, PR China, 150001.
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13
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Tang P, Liu B, Xie W, Wang P, He Q, Bao J, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Ma J. Synergistic mechanism of combined ferrate and ultrafiltration process for shale gas wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Wang H, Yin H, Zhang Z, Xiong Y, Li Y, Wu Y. The mineralization ability of a chloride-resistant γ-Cu 2(OH) 3Cl Fenton catalyst: effects of the cation type, salt concentration and organic pollutants. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04406d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A chloride-resistant heterogeneous Fenton catalyst γ-Cu2(OH)3Cl is used to mineralize aromatic organics (phenol, bisphenol A, salicylic acid and aniline) in saline solutions with different salts (MgCl2, CaCl2, NaCl and KCl) and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Hongyou Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Research Institute of Natural Gas Technology, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yang Li
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Co. Ltd, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
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15
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Facile preparation of antifouling nanofiltration membrane by grafting zwitterions for reuse of shale gas wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Farinelli G, Coha M, Minella M, Fabbri D, Pazzi M, Vione D, Tiraferri A. Evaluation of Fenton and modified Fenton oxidation coupled with membrane distillation for produced water treatment: Benefits, challenges, and effluent toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148953. [PMID: 34328879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation is a promising technology to desalinate hypersaline produced waters. However, the organic content can foul and wet the membrane, while some fractions may pass into the distillate and impair its quality. In this study, the applicability of the traditional Fenton process was investigated and preliminarily optimized as a pre-treatment of a synthetic hypersaline produced water for the following step of membrane distillation. The Fenton process was also compared to a modified Fenton system, whereby safe iron ligands, i.e., ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinate and citrate, were used to overcome practical limitations of the traditional reaction. The oxidation pre-treatments achieved up to 55% removal of the dissolved organic carbon and almost complete degradation of the low molecular weight toxic organic contaminants. The pre-treatment steps did not improve the productivity of the membrane distillation process, but they allowed for obtaining a final effluent with significantly higher quality in terms of organic content and reduced Vibrio fischeri inhibition, with half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values up to 25 times those measured for the raw produced water. The addition of iron ligands during the oxidation step simplified the process, but resulted in an effluent of slightly lower quality in terms of toxicity compared to the use of traditional Fenton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Farinelli
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Coha
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Minella
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Debora Fabbri
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Pazzi
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Vione
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhao E, Cui X, Zhu W, Han X, Yu G, Wang Y. Removal of organic compounds from shale gas fracturing flowback water by an integrated electrocoagulation and electro-peroxone process. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Tang P, Xie W, Tiraferri A, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Li J, Lin D, Crittenden JC, Liu B. Organics removal from shale gas wastewater by pre-oxidation combined with biologically active filtration. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 196:117041. [PMID: 33774348 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment technology is increasingly explored in shale gas wastewater (SGW) treatment owing to its cost effectiveness and requires efforts to improve its efficacy. In this work, ozone and ferrate(VI) oxidation pre-treatment were evaluated to enhance the performance of the subsequent biologically active filtration (BAF) in the removal of organic contaminants. The oxidation improved the SGW biodegradability and organic composition under relative high salinity (~20 g/L). Due to the degradation activity of microorganisms, the organics removal efficiency in the BAF system was observed to gradually improve and then reaching stability in long-term continuous-mode operation. The removal rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the ozone-BAF (O3-BAF) and the ferrate(VI)-BAF (Fe(VI)-BAF) systems was 83.2% and 82.8% , respectively, higher than that of BAF alone (80.9%). This increase was attributed to higher activity and content of microorganisms in O3-BAF and Fe(VI)-BAF systems. Two uncultured bacterial species with high abundance of 7.2-21.0% and 2.24-22.31% in genus Rehaibacterium and genus Methyloversatilis were significantly correlated with DOC removal and fluorescent organics removal, respectively. More research is needed to understand whether the species were new and their specific function. This study provides valuable suggestions for extracting safe water from SGW with an efficient treatment train.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, PR China
| | - Wancen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, PR China
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Yongli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Petro China Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, No.5 Fuqing Rd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Petro China Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, No.5 Fuqing Rd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, PR China
| | - Dong Lin
- Petro China Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, No.5 Fuqing Rd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, PR China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Ave. NW, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA
| | - Baicang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, PR China.
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19
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Tang P, Li J, Li T, Tian L, Sun Y, Xie W, He Q, Chang H, Tiraferri A, Liu B. Efficient integrated module of gravity driven membrane filtration, solar aeration and GAC adsorption for pretreatment of shale gas wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124166. [PMID: 33087288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost and efficient treatment processes are urgently needed to manage highly decentralized shale gas wastewater, which seriously threatens the environment if not properly treated. We propose a simple integrated pretreatment process for on-site treatment, whereby gravity driven membrane filtration is combined with granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and solar aeration. The rationale of exploitment of sustainable solar energy is that most shale gas production areas are decentralized and located in desert/rural areas characterized by relatively scarce transportation and power facilities but also by abundant sunshine. In this study, GAC and aeration significantly increased the stable flux (170%) and improved effluent quality. Specifically, the dissolved organic carbon removal rate of the integrated system was 44.9%. The high stable flux was attributed to a reduction of extracellular polymeric substances accumulated on the membrane, as well as to the more porous and heterogeneous biofilm formed by eukaryotes with stronger active predation behavior. The prevailing strains, Gammaproteobacteria (35.5%) and Alphaproteobacteria (56.5%), played an important active role in organic carbon removal. The integrated system has great potential as pretreatment for shale gas wastewater due to its low energy consumption, low operational costs, high productivity, and effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Jialin Li
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Wancen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Qiping He
- Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Chinese National Petroleum Corporation, Chengdu 610081, PR China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Baicang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, PR China.
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20
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Hu L, Wang H, Xu P, Zhang Y. Biomineralization of hypersaline produced water using microbially induced calcite precipitation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116753. [PMID: 33360619 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reusing produced water (PW) as the subsequent hydraulic fracturing fluid is currently the most economical and dominant practice in the shale oil and gas industry. However, high Ca2+ present in PW needs to be removed prior to reuse to minimize the potential for well clogging and formation damage. In this study, the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), as an emerging biomineralization technique mediated by ureolytic bacteria, was employed to remove Ca2+ and toxic contaminants from hypersaline PW for the first time. Batch and continuous studies demonstrated the feasibility of MICP for Ca2+ removal from hypersaline PW under low urea and nutrient conditions. Throughout the continuous biofiltration operation with biochar as the media, high removal efficiencies of Ca2+ (~96%), organic contaminants (~100%), and heavy metals (~100% for As, Cd, Mn and Ni, 92.2% for Ba, 94.2% for Sr) were achieved when PW co-treated with synthetic domestic wastewater (SDW) under the condition of PW:SDW = 1:1 & urea 4 g/L. Metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that a stable ureolytic bacterial consortium (containing Sporosarcina and Arthrobacter at the genus level) was constructed in the continuous biofiltration system under hypersaline conditions, which may play a crucial role during the biomineralization process. Moreover, the combination of the MICP and ammonium recovery could significantly reduce the acute toxicity of PW towards Vibrio fischeri by 72%. This research provides a novel insight into the biomineralization of Ca2+ and heavy metals from hypersaline PW through the MICP technique. Considering the low cost and excellent treatment performance, the proposed process has the potential to be used for both hydraulic fracturing reuse and desalination pretreatment on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Huiyao Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Pei Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States.
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21
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Febriasari A, Huriya, Ananto AH, Suhartini M, Kartohardjono S. Polysulfone-Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Blend Polymer Composite Membranes for Batik Industrial Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:66. [PMID: 33477646 PMCID: PMC7831512 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Batik wastewater, in general, is colored and has high concentrations of BOD (biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and dissolved and suspended solids. Polysulfone (PSf)-based membranes with the addition of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared to treat batik industrial wastewater. PSf/PVP membranes were prepared using the phase inversion method with N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent. Based on the membrane characterization through FESEM, water contact angle, porosity, and mechanical tests showed a phenomenon where the addition of PVP provided thermodynamic and kinetic effects on membrane formation, thereby affecting porosity, thickness, and hydrophilicity of the membranes. The study aims to observe the effect of adding PVP on polysulfone membrane permeability and antifouling performance on a laboratory scale through the ultrafiltration (UF) process. With the addition of PVP, the operational pressure of the polysulfone membrane was reduced compared to that without PVP. Based on the membrane filtration results, the highest removal efficiencies of COD, TDS (total dissolved solid), and conductivity achieved in the study were 80.4, 84.6, and 83.6%, respectively, on the PSf/PVP 0.35 membrane operated at 4 bar. Moreover, the highest color removal efficiency was 85.73% on the PSf/PVP 0.25 operated at 5 bar. The antifouling performance was identified by calculating the value of total, reversible, and irreversible membrane fouling, wherein in this study, the membrane with the best antifouling performance was PSf/PVP 0.25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arifina Febriasari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia; (A.F.); (H.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Huriya
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia; (A.F.); (H.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Annisa Hasna Ananto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia; (A.F.); (H.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Meri Suhartini
- National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia;
| | - Sutrasno Kartohardjono
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia; (A.F.); (H.); (A.H.A.)
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22
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Shang W, Liu Y, He Q, Liu S, Zhu Y, Tong T, Liu B. Efficient adsorption of organic matters and ions by porous biochar aerogel as pre-treatment of ultrafiltration for shale gas wastewater reuse. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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23
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Liu Y, Liu F, Ding N, Hu X, Shen C, Li F, Huang M, Wang Z, Sand W, Wang CC. Recent advances on electroactive CNT-based membranes for environmental applications: The perfect match of electrochemistry and membrane separation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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25
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Ricceri F, Giagnorio M, Farinelli G, Blandini G, Minella M, Vione D, Tiraferri A. Desalination of Produced Water by Membrane Distillation: Effect of the Feed Components and of a Pre-treatment by Fenton Oxidation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14964. [PMID: 31628407 PMCID: PMC6802402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of produced waters (by-products of oil and gas extraction) with the innovative process of membrane distillation is challenging, because these highly saline streams contain high concentrations of organic compounds and hydrocarbons that cause membrane wetting and impairment of performance. To design the most compact treatment scheme and with the aim of obtaining an easier management of produced water for reuse purposes, Fenton oxidation is here investigated as a feed pre-treatment that may produce an effluent easily handled by membrane distillation. In high-recovery membrane distillation tests, we systematically investigate the detrimental effects of individual contaminants in a synthetic produced water mimicking the composition of a real sample. The recovery rate depends strongly on the initial salinity, which eventually causes scaling and pore blocking. Surfactants are found to be mainly responsible for membrane wetting, but volatile and hydrophobic organics also spoil the quality of the product water. A Fenton oxidation pre-treatment is thus performed to degrade the target organics, with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of the following membrane distillation and to improve the quality of the final product. The combined oxidation-membrane distillation scheme has both advantages and limitations, which need to be carefully evaluated and further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ricceri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.,CleanWaterCenter@PoliTo, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia Giagnorio
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulio Farinelli
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Blandini
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Minella
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Vione
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy. .,CleanWaterCenter@PoliTo, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
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