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Song J, Huang F, Ma K, Ding R, Tan K, Lv D, Soyano K, Zhao K. Bifenthrin induces changes in clinical poisoning symptoms, oxidative stress, DNA damage, histological characteristics, and transcriptome in Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172041. [PMID: 38554955 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Bifenthrin (BF) is a broad-spectrum insecticide that has gained widespread use due to its high effectiveness. However, there is limited research on the potential toxic effects of bifenthrin pollution on amphibians. This study aimed to investigate the 50 % lethal concentration (LC50) and safety concentration of Chinese giant salamanders (CGS) exposed to BF (at 0, 6.25,12.5,25 and 50 μg/L BF) for 96 h. Subsequently, CGS were exposed to BF (at 0, 0.04, and 4 μg/L BF) for one week to investigate its toxic effects. Clinical poisoning symptoms, liver pathology, oxidative stress factors, DNA damage, and transcriptome differences were observed and analyzed. The results indicate that exposure to BF at 4 μg/L significantly decreased the adenosine-triphosphate (ATP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) contents in the brain, liver, and kidney of CGS. Additionally, the study found that the malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) contents were increased. The liver tissue exhibited significant inflammatory reactions and structural malformations. RNA-seq analysis of the liver showed that BF caused abnormal antioxidant indices of CGS. This affected molecular function genes such as catalytic activity, ATP-dependent activity, metabolic processes, signaling and immune system processes, behavior, and detoxification, which were significantly upregulated, resulting in the differential genes significantly enriched in the calcium signaling pathway, PPARα signaling pathway and NF-kB signaling pathway. The results suggest that BF induces the abnormal production of free radicals, which overwhelms the body's self-defense system, leading to varying degrees of oxidative stress. This can result in oxidative damage, DNA damage, abnormal lipid metabolism, autoimmune diseases, clinical poisoning symptoms, and tissue inflammation. This work provides a theoretical basis for the rational application of bifenthrin and environmental risk assessment, as well as scientific guidance for the conservation of amphibian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - Fengyun Huang
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Ma
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Ding
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Tan
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Lv
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
| | - Kiyoshi Soyano
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China; The Belt and Road Model International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in Basins of Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
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Ahmed AIM, Macirella R, Talarico F, Muoio MF, Mezzasalma M, Tronci V, Lal P, Gharbi N, Brunelli E. Effect of short-term exposure to the strobilurin fungicide dimoxystrobin: Morphofunctional, behavioural and mitochondrial alterations in Danio rerio embryos and larvae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116493. [PMID: 38805825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Strobilurins, among the most used fungicides worldwide, are considered non-toxic to mammals and birds, but there is growing evidence that these compounds are highly toxic to aquatic species. Dimoxystrobin has been included in the 3rd Watch List of the European Commission, and it has been classified as very toxic to aquatic life. However, previous studies focused on acute toxicity and only two reports are available on its impact on fish, and none on its effects during the early life stages. Here, we evaluated for the first time the effects induced on zebrafish embryos and larvae by two dimoxystrobin sublethal concentrations (6.56 and 13.13 μg/L) falling in the range of predicted environmental concentrations. We demonstrated that short-term exposure to dimoxystrobin may exert adverse effects on multiple targets, inducing severe morphological alterations. Moreover, we showed enhanced mRNA levels of genes related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATP production. Impairment of the swim bladder inflation has also been recorded, which may be related to the observed swimming performance alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalmoiz I M Ahmed
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Rachele Macirella
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Federica Talarico
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria F Muoio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Marcello Mezzasalma
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Valentina Tronci
- Fish Biology and Aquaculture Group, Ocean and Environment Department, NORCE Norwegian Research Center, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Pradeep Lal
- Fish Biology and Aquaculture Group, Ocean and Environment Department, NORCE Norwegian Research Center, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Naouel Gharbi
- Fish Biology and Aquaculture Group, Ocean and Environment Department, NORCE Norwegian Research Center, Bergen 5006, Norway.
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy.
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Zhang M, Li H, Guo M, Zhao F, Xie Y, Zhang Z, Lv J, Qiu L. Vitamin E alleviates pyraclostrobin-induced toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and its potential mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171219. [PMID: 38408665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Strobilurin fungicides (SFs) are commonly used in agriculture worldwide and frequently detected in aquatic environments. High toxicity of SFs to aquatic organisms has caused great concerns. To explore whether vitamin E (VE) can relieve the toxicity caused by pyraclostrobin (PY), zebrafish were exposed to PY with or without VE supplementation. When co-exposure with VE (20 μM), the 96 h-LC50 values of PY to zebrafish embryos, adult, and the 24 h-LC50 value of PY to larvae increased from 43.94, 58.36 and 38.16 μg/L to 64.72, 108.62 and 72.78 μg/L, respectively, indicating that VE significantly decreased the toxicity of PY to zebrafish at different life stages. In addition, VE alleviated the deformity symptoms (pericardial edema and brain damage), reduced speed and movement distance, and decreased heart rate caused by 40 μg/L PY in zebrafish larvae. Co-exposure of PY with VE significantly reduced PY-caused larval oxidative stress and immunotoxicity via increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and level of glutathione, as well as reducing the malondialdehyde production and the expression levels of Nrf2, Ucp2, IL-8, IFN and CXCL-C1C. Meanwhile, the expression levels of gria4a and cacng4b genes, which were inhibited by PY, were significantly up-regulated after co-exposure of PY with VE. Moreover, co-exposure with VE significantly reversed the increased mitochondrial DNA copies and reduced ATP content caused by PY in larvae, but had no effect on the expression of cox4i1l and activity of complex III that reduced by PY, suggesting VE can partially improve PY-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, the potential mechanisms of VE alleviating PY-induced toxicity may be ascribed to decreasing the oxidative stress level, restoring the functions of heart and nervous system, and improving the immunity and mitochondrial function in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yao Xie
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingshu Lv
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Guo Z, Wang M, Pan Y, Lu H, Pan S. Ecological assessment of stream water polluted by phosphorus chemical plant: Physiological, biochemical, and molecular effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118173. [PMID: 38224935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of the phosphorus chemical industry has caused serious pollution problems in the regional eco-environment. However, understanding of their ecotoxic effects remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity of a stream polluted by a phosphorus chemical plant (PCP) on zebrafish embryos. For this, zebrafish embryos were exposed to stream water (0, 25, 50, and 100% v/v) for 96 h, and developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage were assessed. Stream water-treated embryos exhibited decreased hatching rates, heart rates, and body lengths, as well as increased mortality and malformation rates. The general morphology score system indicated that the swim bladder and pigmentation were the main abnormal morphological endpoints. Stream water promoted antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. It also triggered apoptosis in the embryos' heads, hearts, and spines by activating apoptotic enzymes (Caspase-3 and Caspase-9). Additionally, stream water influenced growth, oxidative stress, and apoptosis-related 19 gene expression. Notably, tyr, sod (Mn), and caspase9 were the most sensitive indicators of growth, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, respectively. The current trial concluded that PCP-polluted stream water exhibited significant developmental toxicity to zebrafish embryos, which was regulated by the oxidative stress-mediated activation of endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Guo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Min Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Yuwei Pan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hongliang Lu
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Sha Pan
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
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Zhang J, Bai Y, Meng H, Zhu Y, Yue H, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L, Du Z. Combined toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics and 3,6-dibromocarbazole on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169787. [PMID: 38181941 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are widely detected in the aquatic environment, and their ecological risks have become a research focus. Although there is an extensive co-distribution of MPs and PHCZs, their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms is still unclear. This study investigated the toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (3,6-DBCZ) on zebrafish embryos by individual/combined exposure. This study showed that individual or combined exposure of PS-MPs (10 mg/L) and 3,6-DBCZ (0.5 mg/L) could significantly increase the rate of zebrafish embryo deformity, whereas no significant effect was observed on mortality and hatching rate. Furthermore, exposure to 3,6-DBCZ or PS-MPs increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in zebrafish embryos, and the resulting oxidative stress induced apoptosis. Comparably, the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos were significantly reduced with the combined exposure of 3,6-DBCZ and PS-MPs. These observations suggest that the combined exposure of 3,6-DBCZ and PS-MPs has an antagonistic effect on oxidative stress and apoptosis. Fluorescence PS-MPs tracing and 3,6-DBCZ enrichment analysis showed that, with the protection of chorion, the entry of PS-MPs (5 and 50 μm) into the embryonic stage (55 hpf) of zebrafish was prevented. Moreover, after exposure for 96-144 hpf, PS-MPs served as a carrier to promote the 3,6-DBCZ accumulation and its dioxin-like toxicity in zebrafish larvae through ingestion. Compared with 5-μm PS-MPs, 50-μm PS-MPs promoted higher accumulation and dioxin-like toxicity of 3,6-DBCZ in zebrafish larvae. These findings provide that MPs can be used as an important carrier of PHCZs, influencing their toxicity and bioaccumulation in the organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yao Bai
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Haoran Meng
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yangzhe Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Huizhu Yue
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Leite FG, Sampaio CF, Cardoso Pires JA, de Oliveira DP, Dorta DJ. Toxicological impact of strobilurin fungicides on human and environmental health: a literature review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2024; 59:142-151. [PMID: 38343082 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2312786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Fungicides are specifically used for controlling fungal infections. Strobilurins, a class of fungicides originating from the mushroom Strobilurus tenacellus, act on the fungal mitochondrial respiratory chain, interrupting the ATP cycle and causing oxidative stress. Although strobilurins are little soluble in water, they have been detected in water samples (such as rainwater and drinking water), indoor dust, and sediments, and they can bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Strobilurins are usually absorbed orally and are mainly eliminated via the bile/fecal route and urine, but information about their metabolites is lacking. Strobilurins have low mammalian toxicity; however, they exert severe toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms related to the genotoxic damage elicited by toxic compounds, such as strobilurins. These mechanisms alter genes and cause other dysfunctions, including hormonal, cardiac, neurological, and immunological impairment. Despite limitations, we have been able to compile literature information about strobilurins. Many studies have dealt with their toxic effects, but further investigations are needed to clarify their cellular and underlying mechanisms, which will help to find ways to minimize the harmful effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gomes Leite
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ferreira Sampaio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Palma de Oliveira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT‑DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Daniel Junqueira Dorta
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT‑DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Zhang H, Liu Y, Lan Y, Zhu J, Cai Y, Guo F, Li F, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Kannan K, Xue J, Yang Z. Evidence of strobilurin fungicides and their metabolites in Dongjiang River ecosystem, southern China: Bioaccumulation and ecological risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168427. [PMID: 37949138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the widespread application of strobilurin fungicides (SFs) in agriculture, little is known about their distribution and bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the concentrations of 12 SFs and two of their metabolites were determined in abiotic (water and sediment; n = 83) and biotic (plant, algae, zooplankton, and fish; n = 123) samples collected from a subtropical freshwater ecosystem, namely, Dongjiang River wetland, in southern China. Among the 12 SFs measured, azoxystrobin (AZ) was the major fungicide found in surface water (median: 2.20 ng/L) and sediment (0.064 ng/g dry wt.). Azoxystrobin acid (AZ-acid), a metabolite of AZ, was the major analyte in the plant samples and had a median concentration at 0.36 ng/g dry wt. In algae and zooplankton, (Z)-metominostrobin was the predominant fungicide and had median concentrations of 3.52 and 5.55 ng/g dry wt., respectively. In fish muscle, dimoxystrobin (DIMO) was the major SF and had a median concentration of 0.47 ng/g dry wt. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) values of AZ-acid, trifloxystrobin (TFS), and pyraclostrobin (PYR) in algae and zooplankton and AZ-acid, PYR, TFS, TFS-acid, picoxystrobin, and DIMO in fish muscle exceeded 1000 L/kg (algae, zooplankton, and fish concentrations were expressed on a dry weight basis), suggesting that these fungicides can accumulate in biota. A positive association between log BCFs of SFs in fish and logKow of SFs and a negative correlation between log BCFs and the log solubility index were observed. Additionally, the risk quotient (RQ) was calculated to evaluate the potential ecotoxicological risk of SFs to different aquatic organisms (algae, zooplankton, and fish). The PYR and DIMO concentrations at 19 sampling sites had RQ values >0.1, indicating moderate ecotoxicological risks to aquatic organisms. This study is the first to document the widespread occurrence of SFs and their metabolites in aquatic ecosystems and to elucidate the bioaccumulation potential of SFs in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Henglin Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuxian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Water Quality Security and Protection in Pearl River Delta, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongyin Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanpeng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fen Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feilong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, United States
| | - Jingchuan Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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8
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Du Z, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L. Analysis of the toxic mechanisms of fluoxastrobin on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) using transcriptomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138449. [PMID: 36940828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxastrobin (FLUO), one of the best-selling strobilurin fungicides, could prevent fungal diseases from oilseed crops, fruits, grains, and vegetables. The widespread use of FLUO leads to the continuous accumulation of FLUO in soil. Our previous studies have demonstrated that FLUO exhibited different toxicity in artificial soil and three natural soils (fluvo-aquic soils, black soils, and red clay). The toxicity of FLUO was greater in natural soil than the artificial soil, specifically, showed the highest toxicity in fluvo-aquic soils. To better investigate the mechanism of FLUO toxicity to earthworms (Eisenia fetida), we selected fluvo-aquic soils as representative soil and used transcriptomics to study the gene expression in earthworms after FLUO exposure. The results demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes in earthworms after FLUO exposure mainly presented in pathways involving protein folding, immunity, signal transduction, and cell growth. It may be the reason why FLUO exposure stressed the earthworms and affected their normal growth activities. The present study fills gaps in the literature regarding the soil bio-toxicity of strobilurin fungicides. It also sounds the alarm for the application of such fungicides even at the low concentration (0.1 mg kg-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363123, China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
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9
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Chen G, Liu J, Wang H, Wang M, Wang G, Hu T. SYP-3343 drives abnormal vascularization in zebrafish through regulating endothelial cell behavior. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113671. [PMID: 36796616 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
SYP-3343 is a novel strobilurin fungicide with excellent and broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and its potential toxicity raises public health concerns. However, the vascular toxicity of SYP-3343 to zebrafish embryos is still not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SYP-3343 on vascular growth and its potential mechanism of action. SYP-3343 inhibited zebrafish endothelial cell (zEC) migration, altered nuclear morphology, and triggered abnormal vasculogenesis and zEC sprouting angiogenesis, resulting in angiodysplasia. RNA sequencing showed that SYP-3343 exposure altered the transcriptional levels of vascular development-related biological processes in zebrafish embryos including angiogenesis, sprouting angiogenesis, blood vessel morphogenesis, blood vessel development, and vasculature development. Whereas, the addition of NAC exerted an improvement effect on zebrafish vascular defects owing to SYP-3343 exposure. Additionally, SYP-3343 altered cell cytoskeleton and morphology, obstructed migration and viability, disrupted cell cycle progression, and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as promoted apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HUVEC. SYP-3343 also caused an imbalance of the oxidation and antioxidant systems and irritated the alterations in the cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes in HUVECs. Collectively, SYP-3343 has high cytotoxicity, possibly by up-regulating p53 and caspase3 expressions and bax/bcl-2 ratio via ROS, leading to malformed vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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10
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Wang X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Lu C, Hou K, Huang Y, Juhasz A, Zhu L, Du Z, Li B. Effect of florasulam on oxidative damage and apoptosis in larvae and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130682. [PMID: 36580788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Florasulam is widely used for weed control in wheat fields due to its high activity and low dosage. Previous studies on florasulam have focused on soil microbial and residue determination, however, its ecotoxicity to aquatic organisms is unclear. The toxicity of florasulam was evaluated in larvae (120 h) and adult (14 and 28 d) zebrafish. After florasulam (0.1 and 1 μg L-1) exposure, reactive oxygen species levels in larvae and adult zebrafish significantly increased and antioxidant system was activated. Florasulam induced lipid peroxidation in larvae and adult zebrafish. Florasulam did not cause DNA damage to larvae but caused DNA damage to adult zebrafish. Changes in caspase 3/8/9 genes indicated that apoptosis was induced in larvae but inhibited in adult zebrafish. By calculating integrated biomarker response, caspase 3 and malondialdehyde could be used as early warning indicators of florasulam effect on larvae and adult zebrafish, respectively. The higher the exposure concentration, the greater the toxicity of florasulam to larvae and adult zebrafish. Increasing exposure time resulted in higher toxicity to adult zebrafish. Florasulam has different toxicity at larvae and adult zebrafish. In future studies to investigate florasulam toxicity to zebrafish, different zebrafish life stages (larvae and adult) need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Chengbo Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Kaixuan Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Yunchen Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Albert Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
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11
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Jiang N, Li X, Wang Q, Baihetiyaer B, Fan X, Li M, Sun H, Yin X, Wang J. Ecological risk assessment of environmentally relevant concentrations of propofol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) at early life stage: Insight into physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137846. [PMID: 36646180 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic injection extensively used in clinic, which has been proved to be neurotoxic in humans. Improper use and disposal of propofol may lead to its release into the aquatic environment, but the potential ecological risk of propofol to aquatic organisms remains poorly understood. For this study, we comprehensively explored the ecotoxicological effects and potential mechanisms of propofol (0.04, 0.2 and 2 mg L-1) on 120 hpf zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos from physiological, biochemical, and molecular perspectives. The results showed that propofol has moderate toxicity on zebrafish embryos (96 h LC50 = 4.260 mg L-1), which could significantly reduce the hatchability and delay the development. Propofol can trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde, MDA) and DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG). The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity of zebrafish embryos in 0.04 and 0.2 mg L-1 propofol treatment group was activated in response to oxidative damage, while activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and GPX in zebrafish treated with 2 mg L-1 was significant inhibited compared with the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the expression of antioxidant genes and related pathways was inhibited. Apoptosis was investigated at genes level and histochemistry. Molecular docking confirmed that propofol could change in the secondary structure of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and competitively inhibited acetylcholine (ACh) binding to AChE, which may disturb the nervous system. These results described toxic response and molecular mechanism in zebrafish embryos, providing multiple aspects about ecological risk assessment of propofol in water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Baikerouzi Baihetiyaer
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China.
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12
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Wang X, Zhang J, Lu C, Liu Y, Yang X, Hou K, Du Z, Li B, Juhasz A, Zhu L. Development toxicity and cytotoxicity of pyroxsulam on embryos and adults of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:121040. [PMID: 36632968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pyroxsulam is a typical triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide herbicide, which plays a vital role in weed control for wheat production. Previous studies on pyroxsulam have mainly focused on weed resistance, control effects, and soil microorganisms, however, research on aquatic ecotoxicity is lacking. This study evaluated the toxicity of pyroxsulam in zebrafish embryos (120 h) and adults (14 and 28 d). Chronic exposure to pyroxsulam (0.2, 2, and 10 μg L-1) reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in embryos but increased ROS content in adults. Pyroxsulam caused lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in embryos and adults. The expression of p53, bcl-2/bax, and caspase 3/8/9 indicated that pyroxsulam inhibited apoptosis in embryos but induced apoptosis in adults. By calculating integrated biomarker response, apoptosis was more readily affected than oxidative damage in embryos and adults. The toxicity of pyroxsulam increased with increasing concentration, however, with increasing exposure time, the toxicity of pyroxsulam to adults decreased. Pyroxsulam exerted toxic effects on zebrafish at different life stages (embryos and adults), and different stages had different toxicity. These results indicate that in future studies on the toxicity of pyroxsulam to zebrafish, different life stages (embryos and adults) need to be studied. The present study evaluated the toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of pyroxsulam to zebrafish embryos and adults, providing worthy data for assessing its effects on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Chengbo Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Kaixuan Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Albert Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
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13
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Rong X, Wang Y, Ouyang F, Song W, Li S, Li F, Zhao S, Li D. Combined effects of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol on oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, apoptosis, and inflammation in zebrafish embryos. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160233. [PMID: 36403834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Co-existence of mycotoxins may pose a greater risk. It remains less known about the toxic effect of co-exposure of zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) on aquatic life. In the present study, the toxic effects of the combine treatment of ZEA and DON on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were investigated. The results showed that the combined treatment of ZEA (200, 400, 800 μg/L) and DON (4000 μg/L) did not cause apparent deaths, but induced a developmental toxicity as indicated by decreased movement times and heartbeat. At 96 h post-fertilization (hpf), co-exposure of ZEA and DON (Z400 + D4000 and Z800 + D4000 group) led to significant oxidative stress as evidenced by the increased ROS level and MDA content, as well as the changes of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX) and their genes. Besides, the combined treatment of ZEA and DON triggered hepatotoxicity as shown by the changes of Fabp10a, Gclc, Gsr, Nqo1 genes, apoptosis through upregulating apoptosis-related genes (p53, Caspase-9, Caspase-3) and downregulating Bcl-2 gene, as well as inflammation by promoting the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κBp65 genes. These results indicated the co-exposure of ZEA and DON caused oxidative stress, leading to stronger potential toxic effects to zebrafish embryos than their respective single treatment. Therefore, more attention should be paid to risk management of the co-contamination of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Rong
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Fangxin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Weixuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Songhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Shancang Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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14
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Bashir A, Mushtaq MN, Younis W, Anjum I. Fenchone, a monoterpene: Toxicity and diuretic profiling in rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1119360. [PMID: 36778012 PMCID: PMC9909529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1119360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenchone is a monoterpene present in the essential oils of various plants, including Foeniculum vulgare and Peumus boldus. Previous studies confirmed the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, wound-healing, antidiarrheal, antifungal, antinociceptive, and bronchodilator activities of fenchone. Owing to various pharmacological activities of Fenchone, the current research was designed to evaluate its diuretic activity along with toxicity profiling. For evaluating acute toxicity, OECD guideline 425 was followed in which a single dose of 2000 mg/kg was orally administered to rats. For evaluating the diuretic potential in rats, three doses of Fenchone (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were assayed in comparison to furosemide (15 mg/kg) as the standard drug, followed by measurements of urinary volume, urinary electrolytes, uric acid, and urinary creatinine in saline-loaded rats for 8 h. The acute toxicity study showed a significant increase in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alkaline transaminase (ALT) along with a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and uric acid levels when compared with the control group. The oxidative stress parameter, superoxide dismutase (SOD), was increased in the heart and spleen. Nitrite (NO) and glutathione were significantly increased in the kidney. The acute diuretic effect of Fenchone (400 mg/kg) significantly increased the urinary output, electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Ca++), urinary creatinine, and urinary uric acid in a dose-dependent manner. The Na+/K+ ratio was remarkably higher in the treatment group than that of the control group. The diuretic index, saluretic index, and Lipschitz value were also calculated from electrolyte concentration and urinary volume measurements, and the values were significantly increased in rats administered with fenchone at 400 mg/kg dose. The current study concluded that fenchone is safe and has remarkable diuretic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa Bashir
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Naveed Mushtaq, ; Asifa Bashir,
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15
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Jiang N, Wang J, Wang Q, Baihetiyaer B, Li X, Yang Z, Li M, Sun H, Yin X. Evaluation of the biological response of propofol in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Focusing on biochemical, transcriptional, and molecular level. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120764. [PMID: 36455772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Propofol, one of the most widely used intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice, has been reported to impair cognitive and memory function. However, the toxicological effects of propofol on aquatic organisms are still poorly understood. This study explored the toxic effects of chronic propofol exposure (0.008, 0.04, and 0.2 mg L-1) on adult zebrafish from biochemical, transcriptional, and molecular level after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of exposure. Results indicated that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly upregulated during the 28 days exposure period, and excessive ROS caused lipid peroxidation, resulting in increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the zebrafish brain. In order to relieve the oxidative damage induced by the excessive ROS, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)) were significantly activated, and detoxification enzyme (glutathione S-transferase, GST) activities showed an "activation-inhibition" trend. However, the antioxidant enzymes and detoxification enzyme system could not eliminate the excessive ROS in time and thus caused DNA damage in zebrafish brain. The olive tail moment (OTM) values displayed a "dose-response" relationship with propofol concentrations. Meanwhile, the transcription of related genes of Nrf2-Keap1 pathway was activated. Further molecular simulation experiments suggested that propofol could directly combine with SOD/CAT to change the activity of its biological enzyme. These findings indicated that zebrafish could regulate antioxidant capacity to combat oxidative stress at the early exposure stage, but the activity of antioxidant enzymes were significantly inhibited with the increase of propofol exposure time. Our results are of great importance for understanding toxicological effects of propofol on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Baikerouzi Baihetiyaer
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Zhongkang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China.
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16
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Zhao H, Zhang J, Rajeshkumar S, Feng Y, Liu Y, Li X, Zhang B. Hepatopancreas toxicity and immunotoxicity of a fungicide, pyraclostrobin, on common carp. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 262:109445. [PMID: 36030005 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pyraclostrobin (PYR), a strobilurin fungicide, has been widely used to control fungal diseases, posing potential risk to aquatic organisms. However, the toxic effects of PYR to fish remained largely unknown. In this study, common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was exposed to environmentally relevant levels of PYR (0, 0.5 and 5.0 μg/L) for 30 days to assess its chronic toxicity and potential toxicity mechanism. The results showed that long-term exposure to PYR induced hepatopancreas damage as evident by increased in serum transaminase activities (AST and ALT). Moreover, PYR exposure remarkably enhanced the expressions of hsp70 and hsp90, decreased the levels of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers and promoted the reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and O2-) and MDA contents in carp hepatopancreas. PYR exposure also upregulated apoptosis-related genes (bax, apaf-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9) and reduced anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2 in fish hepatopancreas. Moreover, PYR exposure altered the expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β) in the serum and hepatopancreas and the level of NF-κB p65 in the hepatopancreas. Further research indicated that PYR exposure markedly changed the levels of immune parameters (LYZ, C3, IgM, ACP and AKP) in the serum and/or hepatopancreas, indicating that chronic PYR exposure also has immunotoxicity on fish. Additionally, we found that PYR exposure upregulated p38 and jnk MAPK transcription levels, suggesting that MAPK may be play important role in PYR-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response in the hepatopancreas of common carp. In summary, PYR exposure induced oxidative stress, triggered apoptosis, inflammatory and immune response in common carp, which can help to elucidate the possible toxicity mechanism of PYR in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | | | - Yiyi Feng
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Journal of Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Bangjun Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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17
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El-Samad LM, Bakr NR, El-Ashram S, Radwan EH, Abdul Aziz KK, Hussein HK, El Wakil A, Hassan MA. Silver nanoparticles instigate physiological, genotoxicity, and ultrastructural anomalies in midgut tissues of beetles. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 367:110166. [PMID: 36087814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have long been materials of great interest in numerous fields; however, there is escalating alarm over their toxicity to public health since exposure to these particles is inevitable. This study sheds light on the deleterious impacts of AgNPs on the midgut tissues of beetles (Blaps polychresta) collected from Egypt as a biological model. The investigations were conducted on the beetles administered with a sublethal dose of AgNPs (0.03 mg/g body weight) after 30 days. Oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed, which exposed critical disruption in the antioxidant defense system of treated beetles. Remarkably, metallothionein (MT) gene expression was significantly increased, while reduced glutathione (GSH) level was notably decreased in midgut tissues subjected to AgNPs. These findings manifestly imply the presence of overproduction in terms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the cells. Additionally, DNA impairment and apoptosis of midgut cells were appraised employing comet and flow cytometry analyses, respectively. The comet results revealed a significant increase in comet cells for the AgNPs treated beetles compared with the control group. Furthermore, the apoptosis results demonstrated a substantial diminution in viable cells with significant growth in apoptotic cells in midgut cells exposed to AgNPs, manifesting their striking correlation with comet and biochemical findings. Noticeably, the histopathological and ultrastructural inspections revealed substantial aberrations in the midgut tissues in the AgNPs treated group, substantiating the previous results. As far as we know, no research has been found that surveyed how the AgNPs at low doses affect the midgut tissues of beetles. Overall, these findings evince the aberrant influences of AgNPs on living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nahed R Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China; Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Eman H Radwan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | | | - Hussein K Hussein
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer El Wakil
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, P.O. Box: 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Chen G, Wang M, Zhu P, Wang G, Hu T. Adverse effects of SYP-3343 on zebrafish development via ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129382. [PMID: 35749898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a newly-invented and highly-efficiency strobilurin fungicide, pyraoxystrobin (SYP-3343) has been recognized as a highly poisonous toxin for a variety of aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, the developmental toxicity and potential mechanism of SYP-3343 have not been well-documented. The results showed that SYP-3343 was relatively stable and maintained within the range of 20 % in 24 h, and the LC50 value to embryos at 72 hpf was 17.13 μg/L. The zebrafish embryotoxicity induced by 1, 2, 4, and 8 μg/L SYP-3343 is demonstrated by repressive embryo incubation, enhancive mortality rate, abnormal heart rate, malformed morphological characteristic, and impaired spontaneous coiling, indicating SYP-3343 mostly exerted its toxicity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Besides SYP-3343 was critically involved in regulating cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production as well as zebrafish primary cells apoptosis, which can be mitigated using antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. A significant change occurred in total protein content, the biochemical indices, and antioxidant capacities owing to SYP-3343 exposure. Additionally, SYP-3343 altered the mRNA levels of heart development-, mitochondrial function-, and apoptosis-related genes in zebrafish embryos. These results indicated that SYP-3343 induced apoptosis accompanying reactive oxygen species-initiated mitochondrial dysfunction in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Panpan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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19
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Ucar A, Ozgeris FB, Parlak V, Yeltekin AC, Turkez H, Alak G, Atamanalp M. Ulexite modulates the neurotoxicological outcomes of acetylferrocene-exposed rainbow trout. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:286-295. [PMID: 36053843 DOI: 10.1002/em.22498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the neuroprotective action potential by ulexite (UX) (18.75 mg/L) against acetylferrocene (AFC) (3.82 mg/L) induced neurotoxicity was aimed to investigate in brain tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss. For this purpose, the effects on neurotoxicity markers, proinflammatory cytokines, antioxidant immune system, DNA, and apoptosis mechanisms were assessed on brain tissues in the 48-96 h of the 96- trial period. In this research, it was determined that brain-derived nerve cell growth factor (BDNF) level and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were inhibited in the brain tissue compared to the control group by AFC. In addition, inhibition in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) values (which are antioxidant system biomarkers), and inductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) amounts (which are indicators of lipid peroxidation) were determined (p < 0.05) after exposure to AFC. And, while tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 levels were increased in the AFC-exposed group, Nrf-2 levels were found to be remarkably decreased. Upregulation was also detected in 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and caspase-3 levels, which are related to DNA damage and apoptosis mechanism. On the contrary, UX (single/with AFC) suppressed the AChE and BDNF inhibition by AFC. Moreover, UX mitigated AFC-induced oxidative, inflammatory, and DNA damage and attenuated AFC-mediated neurotoxicity via activating Nrf2 signaling in fish. Collectively, our findings revealed that UX supplementation might exert beneficial effects and may be considered as a natural and promising neuroprotective agent against AFC-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betul Ozgeris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Sea Food Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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20
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Duan S, Fu Y, Dong S, Ma Y, Meng H, Guo R, Chen J, Liu Y, Li Y. Psychoactive drugs citalopram and mirtazapine caused oxidative stress and damage of feeding behavior in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113147. [PMID: 34979307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the emerging contaminants, the environmental risks of drug-derived pollutants have attracted extensive attention. Citalopram (CTP) and mirtazapine (MTP) are commonly used as modern antidepressant drugs. Previous studies had proved that CTP and MTP entered the aquatic environment, but less reported the negative effects of the drugs on aquatic organisms. Herein, the effects on the feeding rate of Daphnia magna (D. magna) induced by psychotropic drugs CTP and MTP were investigated, which the possible mechanisms were analyzed with the oxidative stress and damage. Generally, the feeding rates of exposed D. magna under all concentrations of CTP and 1.03 mg/L of MTP were significantly decreased after exposure (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The inhibitory effect of CTP on the feeding rate of D. magna was time- and dose-dependent. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were particularly increased in D. magna after CTP and MTP exposure (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The level of antioxidant molecules glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the activity of scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) of D. magna were increased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In consequence, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were increased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), which indicated oxidative damage caused by MTP and CTP, due to the imbalance of antioxidative stress system. These findings indicated that psychoactive drugs posed a high toxic threat to the aquatic organisms, and the aquatic environmental risks caused by using psychoactive drugs deserve more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzi Duan
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yourong Fu
- Blood Transfusion Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hangyu Meng
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Blood Transfusion Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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21
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de Barros WA, Nunes CDS, Souza JADCR, Nascimento IJDS, Figueiredo IM, de Aquino TM, Vieira L, Farias D, Santos JCC, de Fátima Â. The new psychoactive substances 25H-NBOMe and 25H-NBOH induce abnormal development in the zebrafish embryo and interact in the DNA major groove. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:386-398. [PMID: 34888530 PMCID: PMC8637007 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
25H-NBOMe and 25H-NBOH recreational drugs induces abnormal formation in zebrafish embryos. Biophysical and theoretical studies indicate that these drugs have affinity for the DNA major groove. The toxicity observed in the zebrafish embryos and DNA interaction may be correlated.
Toxicological effects of 25H-NBOMe and 25H-NBOH recreational drugs on zebrafish embryos and larvae at the end of 96 h exposure period were demonstrated. 25H-NBOH and 25H-NBOMe caused high embryo mortality at 80 and 100 µg mL−1, respectively. According to the decrease in the concentration tested, lethality decreased while non-lethal effects were predominant up to 10 and 50 µg mL−1 of 25H-NBOH and 25H-NBOMe, respectively, including spine malformation, egg hatching delay, body malformation, otolith malformation, pericardial edema, and blood clotting. We can disclose that these drugs have an affinity for DNA in vitro using biophysical spectroscopic assays and molecular modeling methods. The experiments demonstrated that 25H-NBOH and 25H-NBOMe bind to the unclassical major groove of ctDNA with a binding constant of 27.00 × 104 M−1 and 5.27 × 104 M−1, respectively. Furthermore, these interactions lead to conformational changes in the DNA structure. Therefore, the results observed in the zebrafish embryos and DNA may be correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Alves de Barros
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Nunes
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Leonardo Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Davi Farias
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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22
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Huang T, Souders CL, Wang S, Ganter J, He J, Zhao YH, Cheng H, Martyniuk CJ. Behavioral and developmental toxicity assessment of the strobilurin fungicide fenamidone in zebrafish embryos/larvae (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112966. [PMID: 34794025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strobilurin fungicides are among the most widely used in the world and have characteristics that include high water solubility and toxicity to aquatic organisms. While several studies report on mechanisms of toxicity of strobilurins in fish, there are no data on the sub-lethal toxicity of fish to the fungicide fenamidone. To address this gap, survival and hatch rate, deformities, mitochondrial bioenergetics, expression of oxidative stress and apoptotic genes, and behavior (locomotor activity and anxiolytic-related behaviors) were assessed in zebrafish embryos and larvae following exposure to fenamidone. Fenamidone negatively affected development of zebrafish embryos, causing a delay of hatching time at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 μM. Fenamidone caused morphological deformities in zebrafish, including pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, tail deformities, and spinal curvature. Exposure to 1.5 μM fenamidone reduced surface area of swim bladder in larvae at 6 dpf. Fenamidone significantly reduced oxygen consumption rates of embryos; 5 μM fenamidone decreased basal respiration (~85%), oligomycin induced ATP-linked respiration (~70%), FCCP-induced maximal respiration (~75%) and non-mitochondrial respiration (~90%) compared to controls. Sod2 mRNA levels were decreased by fenamidone in larval fish. Locomotor activity was significantly decreased in zebrafish larvae following exposure to 2 μM fenamidone but there was no evidence for anxiolytic nor anxiety-related behaviors (exposures of 100 nM up to 1.5 µM). This study addresses a data gap for potential risks associated with fenamidone exposure in developing fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jade Ganter
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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23
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Kovačević M, Hackenberger DK, Hackenberger BK. Effects of strobilurin fungicides (azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin) on survival, reproduction and hatching success of Enchytraeus crypticus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148143. [PMID: 34102440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large quantities of strobilurin fungicides (SFs) are used worldwide, resulting in adverse effects on non-target organisms. SFs affect the reproduction and embryonic development of aquatic organisms, while the impact on soil organisms has been insufficiently researched. Therefore, we investigated the effects of three SFs (azoxystrobin (AZO), pyraclostrobin (PYR), and trifloxystrobin (TRI)) on the survival, reproduction, and hatching success of the non-target soil oligochaete Enchytraeus crypticus. The standard enchytraeid reproduction test (ERT) showed that, regarding survival, TRI (LC50 = 2.34 mg/kg) was the most toxic, followed by PYR (LC50 = 4.26 mg/kg) and AZO (LC50 ≥150 mg/kg). Reproduction was affected in the same order (TRI EC50 = 0.045 mg/kg, PYR EC50 = 1.85 mg/kg, and AZO EC50 = 93.10 mg/kg). Exposure to AZO and PYR showed a negative impact on hatching success with a significant increase in the number of unhatched cocoons. Prolonged hatching test was consequently carried out. As a result, a hatching delay was observed at lower AZO and PYR concentrations, while at higher concentrations hatching was completely stopped as the cocoons were no longer viable. Hence, hatching test enabled a discrimination between hatching delay and hatching impairment. Besides demonstrating the adverse effects of AZO, PYR, and TRI on the survival, reproduction, and hatching success of E. crypticus, the obtained results indicate the convenience of using several endpoints in reproduction tests. The usage of prolonged hatching tests and monitoring of hatching dynamics could fill the gap between standard reproduction tests and multigeneration tests and allow a better understanding of the adverse effects on reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Kovačević
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Davorka K Hackenberger
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
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24
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Uçkun M, Özmen M. Evaluating Multiple Biochemical Markers in Xenopus laevis Tadpoles Exposed to the Pesticides Thiacloprid and Trifloxystrobin in Single and Mixed Forms. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2846-2860. [PMID: 34255878 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure is thought to be one of the common reasons for the decline in amphibian populations, a phenomenon that is a major threat to global biodiversity. Although the single effects of pesticides on amphibians have been well studied, the effects of mixtures are not well known. The present study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of the insecticide thiacloprid and the fungicide trifloxystrobin on early developmental stages of Xenopus laevis using various biochemical markers (glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, Na+ K+ -adenosine triphosphatase [ATPase], Ca2+ -ATPase, Mg2+ -ATPase, and total ATPase). The median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of thiacloprid and trifloxystrobin were determined to be 3.41 and 0.09 mg a.i. L-1 , respectively. Tadpoles were exposed to the LC50, LC50/2, LC50/10, LC50/20, LC50/50, and LC50/100 of these pesticides. Both pesticides significantly affected (inhibited/activated) the biomarkers even at low concentrations. The pesticides showed a synergistic effect when applied as a mixture and altered the biomarkers more than when applied individually. In conclusion, we can assume that tadpoles are threatened by these pesticides even at environmentally relevant concentrations. Our findings provide important data to guide management of the ecotoxicological effects of these pesticides on nontarget amphibians. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2846-2860. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miraç Uçkun
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Murat Özmen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Inönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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25
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Li H, Jing T, Li T, Huang X, Gao Y, Zhu J, Lin J, Zhang P, Li B, Mu W. Ecotoxicological effects of pyraclostrobin on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) via various exposure routes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117188. [PMID: 33957519 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyraclostrobin is a widely used and highly efficient fungicide that also has high toxicity to aquatic organisms, especially fish. Although some research has reported the toxic effects of pyraclostrobin on fish, the main toxic pathways of pyraclostrobin in fish remain unclear. The present study has integrated histopathological, biochemical and hematological techniques to reveal the main toxic pathways and mechanisms of pyraclostrobin under different exposure routes. Our results indicated that pyraclostrobin entered fish mainly through the gills. The highest accumulation of pyraclostrobin was observed in the gills and heart compared with accumulation in other tissues and gill tissue showed the most severe damage. Hypoxia symptoms (water jacking, tummy turning and cartwheel formation) in fish were observed throughout the experiment. Taken together, our results suggested that the gills are important target organs. The high pyraclostrobin toxicity to gills might be associated with oxidative damage to the gills, inducing alterations in ventilation frequency, oxygen-carrying substances in blood and disorders of energy metabolism. Our research facilitates a better understanding of the toxic mechanisms of pyraclostrobin in fish, which can promote the ecotoxicological research of agrochemicals on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Tongfang Jing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Tongbin Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Xueping Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Jiamei Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Jin Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Beixing Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
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26
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Liang Y, Chen X, Hu J. Terminal residue and dietary intake risk assessment of prothioconazole-desthio and fluoxastrobin in wheat field ecosystem. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4900-4906. [PMID: 33543480 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, and use of fungicides is an essential part of wheat production. Both prothioconazole and fluoxastrobin give excellent control of important seed and soilborne pathogens. The combination of these two fungicides shows a complementary mode of action and has a wide usage around the world. But the residue levels of these fungicides in the wheat matrix are still unknown. RESULTS In the current study, a simple, low-cost and highly sensitive method using modified QuECHERS procedure combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed to simultaneously quantify E- and Z-fluoxastrobin and the main metabolite prothioconazole-desthio of prothioconazole in the wheat matrix. The recoveries of prothioconazole-desthio, E-fluoxastrobin and Z-fluoxastrobin ranged from 84% to 101%, with relative standard deviation of less than 13.2%. The terminal residues of prothioconazole-desthio and E- and Z-fluoxastrobin were studied in wheat grain and straw under field conditions. The results showed that the terminal residue of the target compounds ranged from <0.01 to 0.029 mg kg-1 and <0.05 to 7.6 mg kg-1 in wheat grain and straw (expressed as dry weight), respectively. The risk quotients of prothioconazole-desthio and fluoxastrobin were 0.2% and 3.2%. CONCLUSIONS The residue levels of the target analytes in wheat grain were lower than the maximum residue limits recommended by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture. And the calculated risk quotient values were far below 100%, indicating a low dietary intake health risk to consumers. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiye Hu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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27
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Anwar F, Saleem U, Rehman AU, Ahmad B, Froeyen M, Mirza MU, Kee LY, Abdullah I, Ahmad S. Toxicity Evaluation of the Naphthalen-2-yl 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate: A Drug Candidate for Alzheimer Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:607026. [PMID: 34040515 PMCID: PMC8141749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.607026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The presented study was designed to probe the toxicity potential of newly identified compound naphthalen-2-yl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (SF1). Acute, subacute toxicity and teratogenicity studies were performed as per Organization of economic cooperation and development (OECD) 425, 407, and 414 test guidelines, respectively. An oral dose of 2000 mg/kg to rats for acute toxicity. Furthermore, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses were administered once daily for 28 days in subacute toxicity study. Teratogenicity study was performed with 40 mg/kg due to its excellent anti-Alzheimer results at this dose. SF1 induced a significant rise in Alkaline Phosphatases (ALP), bilirubin, white blood cells (WBC), and lymphocyte levels with a decrease in platelet count. Furthermore, the reduction in urea, uric acid, and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and an increase in total protein levels were measured in subacute toxicity. SF1 increased spermatogenesis at 5 and 10 mg/kg doses. Teratogenicity study depicted no resorptions, early abortions, cleft palate, spina bifida and any skeletal abnormalities in the fetuses. Oxidative stress markers (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) were increased in all the experiments, whereas the effect on melanoaldehyde Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was variable. Histopathology further corroborated these results with no change in the architectures of selected organs. Consequently, a 2000 mg/kg dose of SF1 tends to induce minor liver dysfunction along with immunomodulation, and it is well below its LD 50 . Moreover, it can be safely used in pregnancy owing to its no detectable teratogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.,Riphah Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Atta-Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Matheus Froeyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lee Yean Kee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang X, Li X, Wang Y, Qin Y, Yan B, Martyniuk CJ. A comprehensive review of strobilurin fungicide toxicity in aquatic species: Emphasis on mode of action from the zebrafish model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 275:116671. [PMID: 33582629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strobilurins are popular fungicides used in agriculture on a global scale. Due to their widespread use as agrochemicals, they can enter aquatic environments at concentrations that can elicit adverse effects in organisms. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding the toxic effects of strobilurin fungicides on aquatic species, including algal species, Daphnia magna, and fish species, to determine risk to aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Data show that the toxicities of strobilurins vary widely across aquatic species. Strobilurins bind cytochrome bc1 in mitochondrial complex III in fungi, and as such, research in aquatic species has focused on mitochondria-related endpoints following exposures to strobilurins. In fish, studies into the activities of mitochondrial complexes and the expression of genes involved in the electron transfer chain have been conducted, converging on the theme that mitochondrial complexes and their enzymes are impaired by strobilurins. In general, the order of toxicity of strobilurins for fish species are pyraoxystrobin > pyraclostrobin ≈ trifloxystrobin > picoxystrobin > kresoxim-methyl > fluoxastrobin > azoxystrobin. In addition to mitochondrial toxicity, studies also report genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and endocrine disruption, and each of these events can potentially impact whole organism-level processes such as development, reproduction, and behavior. Screening data from the US Environmental Protection Agency ToxCast database supports the hypothesis that these fungicides may act as endocrine disruptors, and high throughput data suggest estrogen receptor alpha and thyroid hormone receptor beta can be activated by some strobilurins. It is recommended that studies investigate the potential for endocrine disruption by strobilurins more thoroughly in aquatic species. Based on molecular, physiological, and developmental outcomes, a proposed adverse outcome pathway is presented with complex III inhibition in the electron transfer chain as a molecular initiating event. This review comprehensively addresses sub-lethal toxicity mechanisms of strobilurin fungicides, important as the detection of strobilurins in aquatic environments suggests exposure risks in wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue Wang
- The New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Yingju Qin
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Canedo A, Rocha TL. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) using as model for genotoxicity and DNA repair assessments: Historical review, current status and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144084. [PMID: 33383303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic pollutants lead to both DNA damage and changes in cell repair mechanisms. Selecting suitable biomonitors is a fundamental step in genotoxicity studies. Thus, zebrafish have become a popular model used to assess the genotoxicity of different pollutants in recent years. They have orthologous genes with humans and hold almost all genes involved in different repair pathways. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to summarize the existing literature on zebrafish using as model system to assess the genotoxicity of different pollutants. Revised data have shown that comet assay is the main technique adopted in these studies. However, it is necessary standardizing the technique applied to zebrafish in order to enable better result interpretation and comparisons. Overall, pollutants lead to single-strand breaks (SSB), double-strand breaks (DSB), adduct formation, as well as to changes in the expression of genes involved in repair mechanisms. Although analyzing repair mechanisms is essential to better understand the genotoxic effects caused by pollutants, few studies have analyzed repair capacity. The current review reinforces the need of conducting further studies on the role played by repair pathways in zebrafish subjected to DNA damage. Revised data have shown that zebrafish are a suitable model to assess pollutant-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryelle Canedo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil..
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Yang L, Huang T, Li R, Souders CL, Rheingold S, Tischuk C, Li N, Zhou B, Martyniuk CJ. Evaluation and comparison of the mitochondrial and developmental toxicity of three strobilurins in zebrafish embryo/larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116277. [PMID: 33360065 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strobilurin fungicides have been frequently detected in aquatic environments and can induce mitochondrial toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms. However, the derived toxicity and subsequent mechanisms related to their adverse effects are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we compared the mitochondrial and developmental toxicity of azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin using zebrafish embryo/larvae. The results showed that all three strobilurins inhibited mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial respiration (the potency is pyraclostrobin ≈ trifloxystrobin > azoxystrobin). Behavioral changes indicated that sublethal doses of pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin caused hyperactivity of zebrafish larvae in dark cycles, whereas trifloxystrobin resulted in hypoactivity of zebrafish larvae. In addition, pyraclostrobin exposure impaired the inflation of swim bladder, and caused down-regulation of annexin A5 (anxa5) mRNA levels, and up-regulated transcript levels of pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1a (pbx1a); conversely, azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin did not cause detectable effects with swim bladder inflation. Molecular docking results indicated that azoxystrobin had higher interacting potency with iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD), prolactin receptor (PRLR), antagonistic conformation of thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) compared to pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin; pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin were more likely to interact with the antagonistic conformation of TRβ and GR, respectively. These results may partially explain the different effects observed in behavior and swim bladder inflation, and also point to potential endocrine disruption induced by these strobilurins. Taken together, our study revealed that all three strobilurins alter mitochondrial bioenergetics and cause developmental toxicity. However, the toxic phenotypes and underlying mechanisms of each chemical may differ, and this requires further investigation. Pyraclostrobin showed higher mitochondrial toxicity at lethal doses and higher developmental toxicity at sublethal doses compared to the two other strobilurins tested. These results provide novel information for toxicological study as well as risk assessment of strobilurin fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Changjiang River Basin Ecological Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan, 430014, PR China
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Spencer Rheingold
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Claire Tischuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10085, PR China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Du Z, Zhu L, Wang J, Wang J, Li B. Emerging contaminant 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole induces oxidative damage and apoptosis during the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140753. [PMID: 32758839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCs) have been widely detected at high concentrations in multiple environmental media in recent years, the health risk of exposure to these compounds has drawn increasing attention. Most studies have mainly focused on their dioxin-like toxicity, which is induced through the AhR pathway, because PHCs have structures similar to those of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). In addition, most xenobiotic compounds induce oxidative stress in organisms, which is a more common mechanism of toxicity induction. However, there is limited information regarding the oxidative stress and damage induced by PHCs in vivo. The PHC 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole (1368-TBCZ) is detected at high concentration and frequency. In the present study, the toxic effects (acute toxicity, developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis) induced by 1368-TBCZ at three different concentrations were investigated using zebrafish embryos. It was concluded that the 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) of 1368-TBCZ for zebrafish embryos was greater than 2.0 mg L-1. The results showed that 1368-TBCZ had little effect on the hatching rate of zebrafish embryos. However, 1368-TBCZ at 0.5 and 2.0 mg L-1 inhibited skeletal and cardiac development. It promoted ROS production, CAT enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, even at the lowest dose (0.1 mg L-1). In addition, 1368-TBCZ influenced oxidative stress-related gene expression, upregulating the expression of caspase 3 and p53 at 2.0 mg L-1 and inhibiting the expression of caspase 9, FoxO3b, and Bcl-2/Bax. The present study comprehensively evaluated 1368-TBCZ-induced toxicity in zebrafish, providing valuable data for better evaluation of the potential risks posed by this PHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Zhang C, Zhou T, Xu Y, Du Z, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L. Ecotoxicology of strobilurin fungicides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140611. [PMID: 32721740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strobilurin fungicides (SFs), a class of new fungicides, use strobilurin A as a lead compound. However, with excessive production and usage, the SF residues in soil and aquatic ecosystems may lead to environmental pollution. The mechanism of action (MOA) of SFs is respiratory inhibition of fungal mitochondria. Specifically, azoxystrobin (AZO), pyraclostrobin (PYR), trifloxystrobin (TRI), fluoxastrobin (FLUO), picoxystrobin (PICO), and kresoxim-methyl (KRE) are considered the most widely used SFs. The toxicities of those six fungicides in the environment are still unclear. The present review summarized the toxicities of the six SFs to terrestrial and aquatic biota, including mice, amphibians, aquatic organisms (fish, daphnia, algae, etc.), apoidea, soil animals (earthworms and Folsomia fimetaria), and soil microorganisms. We also review the residue, fate, and transportation of SFs. The results indicate that SFs are highly toxic to aquatic and soil organisms and pose potential risks to ecosystems. Current toxicology studies are more focused on acute or chronic toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear and require further analysis. In addition, a simple and scientific analysis method is needed to compare the toxicity differences of different SFs to the same test organisms or differences in the same SFs to different test organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Tongtong Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Daizong Road 61, Taian 271018, PR China.
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Dziewięcka M, Flasz B, Rost-Roszkowska M, Kędziorski A, Kochanowicz A, Augustyniak M. Graphene oxide as a new anthropogenic stress factor - multigenerational study at the molecular, cellular, individual and population level of Acheta domesticus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122775. [PMID: 32361302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Although interest in transgenerational phenomena is constantly growing, little is known about the long-term toxicity of nanoparticles. In this study we investigate the multigenerational effects of graphene oxide (GO) which was given to Acheta domesticus in low doses (0.2, 2 and 20 μg·g-1 of food) for three subsequent generations. We assessed the influence of GO nanoparticles in many contexts, basing on parameters which represented different levels of biological organization: activity of antioxidant enzymes, level of apoptosis, DNA damage, histological analysis, hatching abilities, body mass and body length of insects, as well as their survival rate. The results have shown that exposing insects to nanoparticles over an extended period of time causes surprising intergenerational effects, based on significant differences in the life cycle and reproductive processes, which are not always dose-dependent. The second generation of insects appeared as the most unstable among the parameters that were studied, and did not match trends and patterns in the first and third generation categories. An increase of DNA damage was observed, but only in the third generation. This reduction of genome stability can be perceived as an essential element of adaptation, leading to an increase of genotype variants, which then undergo selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dziewięcka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Barbara Flasz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kędziorski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kochanowicz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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