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Bhattacharya A, Neena M, Chatterjee P. Microbial nutrient recovery cell as an efficient and sustainable nutrient recovery option in sewage treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121753. [PMID: 38981265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Globally, nutrient pollution is a serious and challenging concern. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed to prevent the discharge of contaminants resulting from anthropogenic sources to the receiving water bodies. In this study, seasonal nutrient pollution load, and biological nutrient removal efficiency of an anoxic aerobic unit based WWTP were investigated. Seasonal assessment revealed that the average total nitrogen removal efficiency and total phosphorus removal efficiency of the WWTP do not meet the discharge standard of 10 mg/L and 1 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the WWTP does not utilize the energy contained in the wastewater. In this regard, dual chamber MFC (D-MFC) has emerged as a promising solution that can not only treat wastewater but can also convert chemical energy present in the wastewater into electrical energy. However, higher N O3- (57 ± 4 mg/L) and P-P O43- (6 ± 0.52 mg/L) concentration in cathodic effluent is a major drawback in D-MFC. Therefore, to solve this issue, D-MFC was transformed into a microbial nutrient recovery cell (MNRC) which demonstrated a final N H4+-N and P-P O43- concentration of nearly 1 mg/L with N H4+-N and P-P O43- recovery up to 74 % and 69 %, respectively in the recovery chamber. Besides, MNRC attained a maximum power density of 307 mW/m3 and a current density of 1614 mA/m3, thus indicating MNRC is an eco-friendly, energy-neutral, and promising technology for electricity generation and recovering nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margret Neena
- Department of Environmental Studies, Sacred Heart College, Kerala, India
| | - Pritha Chatterjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India; Department of Climate Change, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India.
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Sriwichai N, Sangcharoen R, Saithong T, Simpson D, Goryanin I, Boonapatcharoen N, Kalapanulak S, Panichnumsin P. Optimization of microbial fuel cell performance application to high sulfide industrial wastewater treatment by modulating microbial function. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305673. [PMID: 38889113 PMCID: PMC11185453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are innovative eco-friendly technologies that advance a circular economy by enabling the conversion of both organic and inorganic substances in wastewater to electricity. While conceptually promising, there are lingering questions regarding the performance and stability of MFCs in real industrial settings. To address this research gap, we investigated the influence of specific operational settings, regarding the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) on the performance of MFCs used for treating sulfide-rich wastewater from a canned pineapple factory. Experiments were performed at varying hydraulic retention times (2 days and 4 days) during both low and high seasonal production. Through optimization, we achieved a current density generation of 47±15 mA/m2, a COD removal efficiency of 91±9%, and a sulfide removal efficiency of 86±10%. Microbiome analysis revealed improved MFC performance when there was a substantial presence of electrogenic bacteria, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria, and methanotrophs, alongside a reduced abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens. In conclusion, we recommend the following operational guidelines for applying MFCs in industrial wastewater treatment: (i) Careful selection of the microbial inoculum, as this step significantly influences the composition of the MFC microbial community and its overall performance. (ii) Initiating MFC operation with an appropriate OLR is essential. This helps in establishing an effective and adaptable microbial community within the MFCs, which can be beneficial when facing variations in OLR due to seasonal production changes. (iii) Identifying and maintaining MFC-supporting microbes, including those identified in this study, should be a priority. Keeping these microbes as an integral part of the system's microbial composition throughout the operation enhances and stabilizes MFC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawet Sriwichai
- Center for Agricultural Systems Biology, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rutrawee Sangcharoen
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Treenut Saithong
- Center for Agricultural Systems Biology, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David Simpson
- Biological Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Igor Goryanin
- Biological Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Nimaradee Boonapatcharoen
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowalak Kalapanulak
- Center for Agricultural Systems Biology, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Panichnumsin
- Excellent Center of Waste Utilization and Management, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Sciences and Technology Development Agency at King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
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Segundo RF, De La Cruz-Noriega M, Luis CC, Otiniano NM, Soto-Deza N, Rojas-Villacorta W, De La Cruz-Cerquin M. Reduction of Toxic Metal Ions and Production of Bioelectricity through Microbial Fuel Cells Using Bacillus marisflavi as a Biocatalyst. Molecules 2024; 29:2725. [PMID: 38930791 PMCID: PMC11205780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Industrialization has brought many environmental problems since its expansion, including heavy metal contamination in water used for agricultural irrigation. This research uses microbial fuel cell technology to generate bioelectricity and remove arsenic, copper, and iron, using contaminated agricultural water as a substrate and Bacillus marisflavi as a biocatalyst. The results obtained for electrical potential and current were 0.798 V and 3.519 mA, respectively, on the sixth day of operation and the pH value was 6.54 with an EC equal to 198.72 mS/cm, with a removal of 99.08, 56.08, and 91.39% of the concentrations of As, Cu, and Fe, respectively, obtained in 72 h. Likewise, total nitrogen concentrations, organic carbon, loss on ignition, dissolved organic carbon, and chemical oxygen demand were reduced by 69.047, 86.922, 85.378, 88.458, and 90.771%, respectively. At the same time, the PDMAX shown was 376.20 ± 15.478 mW/cm2, with a calculated internal resistance of 42.550 ± 12.353 Ω. This technique presents an essential advance in overcoming existing technical barriers because the engineered microbial fuel cells are accessible and scalable. It will generate important value by naturally reducing toxic metals and electrical energy, producing electric currents in a sustainable and affordable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojas-Flores Segundo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias y Tecnología de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (M.D.L.C.-N.); (N.M.O.); (N.S.-D.); (M.D.L.C.-C.)
| | - Magaly De La Cruz-Noriega
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias y Tecnología de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (M.D.L.C.-N.); (N.M.O.); (N.S.-D.); (M.D.L.C.-C.)
| | - Cabanillas-Chirinos Luis
- Investigación Formativa e Integridad Científica, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (C.-C.L.); (W.R.-V.)
| | - Nélida Milly Otiniano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias y Tecnología de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (M.D.L.C.-N.); (N.M.O.); (N.S.-D.); (M.D.L.C.-C.)
| | - Nancy Soto-Deza
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias y Tecnología de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (M.D.L.C.-N.); (N.M.O.); (N.S.-D.); (M.D.L.C.-C.)
| | - Walter Rojas-Villacorta
- Investigación Formativa e Integridad Científica, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (C.-C.L.); (W.R.-V.)
| | - Mayra De La Cruz-Cerquin
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias y Tecnología de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13001, Peru; (M.D.L.C.-N.); (N.M.O.); (N.S.-D.); (M.D.L.C.-C.)
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Yin M, Fu B, Xu T, Cao X, Huang X, Zhang X. Spatially-assembled binary carbon anode synergizing directional electron transfer and enriched microbe accommodation for wastewater treatment and energy conversion: From simulation to experiments. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 252:121104. [PMID: 38295458 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) hold prospects in wastewater energy and resource recovery. Anode optimization is important for simultaneous enhancement of wastewater energy conversion and effluent quality in BESs. In this study, a multi-physics model coupling fluid flow, organic degradation and electrochemical process was constructed to guide the design and optimization of BES anodes. Based on the multi-physics simulation, spatially-assembled binary carbon anodes composed of three-dimensional carbon mesh skeleton and granular activated carbon were proposed and established. The granular activated carbon conducive to microbe accommodation played a vital role in improving effluent water quality, while the carbon mesh skeleton favoring electron collection and transfer could enhance the bioelectricity output. With an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 0.442 kg m-3 d-1, a maximum power density of 20.6 W m-3 was achieved in the optimized composite anode BES, which was 25% and 154% higher than carbon mesh skeleton BES and granular activated carbon BES. Electroactive bacteria were enriched in composite anodes and performed important functions related to microbial metabolism and energy production. The spatially-assembled binary carbon anode with low carbon mesh packing density was more cost-effective with a daily energy output per anode cost of 221 J d-1 RMB-1. This study not only provides a cost-efficient alternative anode to simultaneously improve organic degradation and power generation performance, but also demonstrates the potential of multi-physics simulation in offering theoretical support and prediction for BES configuration design as well as optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Yin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boya Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxin Cao
- Guizhou Zhuxin Water Environment Industries Company, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Bhaduri S, Behera M. From single-chamber to multi-anodic microbial fuel cells: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120465. [PMID: 38447510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) present a promising solution for wastewater treatment with the added benefits of energy generation, less sludge production and less energy consumption. MFCs have demonstrated high efficiency in the degradation of diverse types of wastewater. Nevertheless, the relatively low power density exhibited by MFCs has imposed certain restrictions on their widespread implementation. Consequently, the need for modification of MFC technology led to the development of stack and multi-chambered MFCs. The modified variations exhibit enhanced scalability and demonstrate greater reliability in terms of power output compared to traditional MFCs. In the present review article, different components of MFCs such as anode, cathode, microbial community and membrane have been reviewed and the advancement in design for better scalability of MFCs has been addressed, emphasizing the benefits associated with stacked and multi-anodic MFCs for enhanced performance. Finally, an update of previous large-scale MFC system applications is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadeep Bhaduri
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha-752050, India
| | - Manaswini Behera
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha-752050, India.
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Ishaq A, Said MIM, Azman SB, Houmsi MR, Isah AS, Jagun ZT, Mohammad SJ, Bello AAD, Abubakar UA. The influence of various chemical oxygen demands on microbial fuel cells performance using leachate as a substrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-32090-x. [PMID: 38285261 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), hailed as a promising technology, hold the potential to combat various wastewater pollutants while simultaneously converting their chemical energy into electricity through biocatalysts. This study explores the applicability of a dual compartment MFC (DC-MFC) under varying conditions, targeting the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate and electricity generation. In this setup, anaerobic sludge from a wastewater treatment plant serves as the inoculum in the anode compartment of the MFC, with a Nafion117 membrane acting as the separator between MFC units. The cathode compartments are filled with distilled water and continually aerated for 24 h to enhance air supply. The study assesses the MFC's performance across different COD concentrations, focusing on COD removal, power generation, and Coulombic efficiency. The findings reveal that COD removal efficiency is notably enhanced at higher concentrations of organic matter. Specifically, at a COD concentration of 3325.0 mg L-1, the MFC exhibited the highest COD removal efficiency (89%) and maximum power density (339.41 mWm-2), accompanied by a Coulombic efficiency of 25.5%. However, as the initial substrate concentration increased to 3825 mg L-1, the efficiency decreased to 72%, with a Coulombic efficiency of 13.56% and a power density of 262.34 mWm-2. Optical density levels increased due to bacterial growth at ambient temperature and neutral pH, reflecting the dynamic microbial response within the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyu Ishaq
- Department of Water & Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna, 1045, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Ismid Mohd Said
- Department of Water & Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Shamila Binti Azman
- Department of Water & Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Rajab Houmsi
- New Era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, AlAyen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq
| | - Abubakar Sadiq Isah
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna, 1045, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Zainab Toyin Jagun
- Department of Real Estate, School of Built Environment Engineering And Computing, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, UK.
| | - Shamsuddeen Jumande Mohammad
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna, 1045, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Al Amin Danladi Bello
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna, 1045, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Umar Alfa Abubakar
- School of Engineering, Technology, and Design, Canterbury Christ Church University, North Holmes Road, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK
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Kunwar S, Pandey N, Bhatnagar P, Chadha G, Rawat N, Joshi NC, Tomar MS, Eyvaz M, Gururani P. A concise review on wastewater treatment through microbial fuel cell: sustainable and holistic approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6723-6737. [PMID: 38158529 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Research for alternative sources for producing renewable energy is rising exponentially, and consequently, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be seen as a promising approach for sustainable energy production and wastewater purification. In recent years, MFC is widely utilized for wastewater treatment in which the removal efficiency of heavy metal ranges from 75-95%. They are considered as green and sustainable technology that contributes to environmental safety by reducing the demand for fossil fuels, diminishes carbon emissions, and reverses the trend of global warming. Moreover, significant reduction potential can be seen for other parameters such as total carbon oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble carbon oxygen demand (SCOD), total suspended solids (TSS), and total nitrogen (TN). Furthermore, certain problems like economic aspects, model and design of MFCs, type of electrode material, electrode cost, and concept of electro-microbiology limit the commercialization of MFC technology. As a result, MFC has never been accepted as an appreciable competitor in the area of treating wastewater or renewable energy. Therefore, more efforts are still required to develop a useful model for generating safe, clean, and CO2 emission-free renewable energy along with wastewater treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a deep understanding of the working mechanism and design of MFC technology responsible for the removal of different pollutants from wastewater and generate power density. Existing studies related to the implementation of MFC technology in the wastewater treatment process along with the factors affecting its functioning and power outcomes have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Kunwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Pooja Bhatnagar
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Food Science & Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Gurasees Chadha
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Neha Rawat
- Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Naveen Chandra Joshi
- Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Mahipal Singh Tomar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India
| | - Murat Eyvaz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Prateek Gururani
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India.
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Ajit K, Anil A, Krishnan H, Asok A. Microporous nitrogen-rich biomass derived anode catalyst in clay membrane MFC for kitchen wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-12. [PMID: 38118134 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2296532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFC) have emerged as a sustainable wastewater treatment technique that offers simultaneous energy generation; however, the high cost of electrodes and their reduced catalytic activity have hindered their widespread adoption. To overcome this, an activated carbon synthesised from Areca nut husk was coated on different anodes viz. Carbon cloth and Stainless Steel (SS) mesh. Activated carbon was found to be highly porous with a carbon content of 85.39%, and a surface area of 767.98 m2/g, and was found to be amorphous with a high degree of graphitic structure. The electrical conductivities of the catalyst-coated SS mesh and carbon cloth were comparable, and the performance of the MFC was studied using both electrodes as anodes. A batch MFC with modified SS mesh as anode exhibited the highest power density of 155.35 mW/m3 in synthetic wastewater and 101.68 mW/m3 in kitchen wastewater, with COD removal efficiencies of 95.32% and 95.24%, respectively. In a continuous mode, the MFC delivered a maximum current density and power of 52.38 mA/m2 and 21.60 mW, respectively, with a maximum COD removal efficiency of 80.70% for an HRT of 20 hrs. These findings underscore the viability of using biomass-derived activated carbon as an anode catalyst in both batch and continuous modes of MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karnapa Ajit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - Ardra Anil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kottayam, India
| | - Haribabu Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - Aswathy Asok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kottayam, India
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Pérez-Rodríguez P, Covarrubias-Gordillo CA, Rodríguez-De la Garza JA, Barrera-Martínez CL, Martínez-Amador SY. Embedded Graphite and Carbon Nanofibers in a Polyurethane Matrix Used as Anodes in Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4177. [PMID: 37896421 PMCID: PMC10611145 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Composites of polyurethane and graphite and polyurethane and carbon nanofibers (PU/Graphite 0.5% and PU/CNF 1%) were synthesized and used as anodes in dual-compartment microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for municipal wastewater treatment; electrical energy generation and organic matter removal were assessed. The maximum power density, coulombic efficiency and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in the MFCs packed with the PU/Graphite 0.5% and PU/CNF 1% composites were 232.32 mW/m3 and 90.78 mW/m3, 5.87 and 4.41%, and 51.38 and 68.62%, respectively. In addition, the internal resistance of the MFCs with the best bioelectrochemical performance (PU/Graphite 0.5%) was 1051.11 Ω. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the feasibility of using these types of materials in dual-compartment MFCs for wastewater treatment with electric power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pérez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Carlos A. Covarrubias-Gordillo
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Boulevard Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo 25113, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - José A. Rodríguez-De la Garza
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, José Cárdenas Valdez y Venustiano Carranza S/N, Colonia República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Cynthia L. Barrera-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad y Ecología de Coahuila, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Miguel Hidalgo 212, Zona Centro, Cuatrociénegas 27640, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Silvia Y. Martínez-Amador
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico
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Sato C, Apollon W, Luna-Maldonado AI, Paucar NE, Hibbert M, Dudgeon J. Integrating Microbial Fuel Cell and Hydroponic Technologies Using a Ceramic Membrane Separator to Develop an Energy-Water-Food Supply System. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:803. [PMID: 37755225 PMCID: PMC10538097 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a microbial fuel cell was integrated into a hydroponic system (MFC-Hyp) using a ceramic membrane as a separator. The MFC-Hyp is a passive system that allows the transport of nutrients from wastewater in the microbial fuel cell (MFC) to water in the hydroponic vessel (Hyp) through a ceramic membrane separator, with no external energy input. The performance of this system was examined using potato-process wastewater as a source of energy and nutrients (K, P, N) and garlic chives (Allium tuberosum) as a hydroponic plant. The results showed that based on dry weight, the leaves of Allium tuberosum grew 142% more in the MFC-Hyp than those of the plant in the Hyp without the MFC, in a 49-day run. The mass fluxes of K, P, and NO3--N from the MFC to the Hyp through the ceramic membrane were 4.18 ± 0.70, 3.78 ± 1.90, and 2.04 ± 0.98 µg s-1m-2, respectively. It was apparent that the diffusion of nutrients from wastewater in the MFC enhanced the plant growth in the Hyp. The MFC-Hyp in the presence of A. tuberosum produced the maximum power density of 130.2 ± 45.4 mW m-2. The findings of this study suggest that the MFC-Hyp system has great potential to be a "carbon-neutral" technology that could be transformed into an important part of a diversified worldwide energy-water-food supply system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikashi Sato
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Ave., Stop 8060, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.E.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Wilgince Apollon
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Campus of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (W.A.); (A.I.L.-M.)
| | - Alejandro Isabel Luna-Maldonado
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Campus of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (W.A.); (A.I.L.-M.)
| | - Noris Evelin Paucar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Ave., Stop 8060, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.E.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Monte Hibbert
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Ave., Stop 8060, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.E.P.); (M.H.)
| | - John Dudgeon
- Department of Anthropology, Idaho State University, 921 South 8th Avenue, Stop 8094, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
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11
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Sorgato AC, Jeremias TC, Lobo FL, Lapolli FR. Microbial fuel cell: Interplay of energy production, wastewater treatment, toxicity assessment with hydraulic retention time. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116159. [PMID: 37211179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) operation under similar conditions to conventional methods will support the use of this technology in large-scale wastewater treatment. The operation of scaled-up air-cathode MFC (2 L) fed with synthetic wastewater (similar to domestic) in a continuous flow was evaluated using three different hydraulic retention times (HRT), 12, 8, and 4 h. We found that electricity generation and wastewater treatment could be enhanced under an HRT of 12 h. Additionally, the longer HRT led to greater coulombic efficiency (5.44%) than MFC operating under 8 h and 4 h, 2.23 and 1.12%, respectively. However, due to the anaerobic condition, the MFC was unable to remove nutrients. Furthermore, an acute toxicity test with Lactuca sativa revealed that MFC could reduce wastewater toxicity. These outcomes demonstrated that scaled-up MFC could be operated as a primary effluent treatment and transform a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) into a renewable energy producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carla Sorgato
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Thamires Custódio Jeremias
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Leite Lobo
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus Do Pici, 60.440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Flávio Rubens Lapolli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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12
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Bhattacharya A, Garg S, Chatterjee P. Examining current trends and future outlook of bio-electrochemical systems (BES) for nutrient conversion and recovery: an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:86699-86740. [PMID: 37438499 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient-rich waste streams from domestic and industrial sources and the increasing application of synthetic fertilizers have resulted in a huge-scale influx of reactive nitrogen and phosphorus in the environment. The higher concentrations of these pollutants induce eutrophication and foster degradation of aquatic biodiversity. Besides, phosphorus being non-renewable resource is under the risk of rapid depletion. Hence, recovery and reuse of the phosphorus and nitrogen are necessary. Over the years, nutrient recovery, low-carbon energy, and sustainable bioremediation of wastewater have received significant interest. The conventional wastewater treatment technologies have higher energy demand and nutrient removal entails a major cost in the treatment process. For these issues, bio-electrochemical system (BES) has been considered as sustainable and environment friendly wastewater treatment technologies that utilize the energy contained in the wastewater so as to recovery nutrients and purify wastewater. Therefore, this article comprehensively focuses and critically analyzes the potential sources of nutrients, working mechanism of BES, and different nutrient recovery strategies to unlock the upscaling opportunities. Also, economic analysis was done to understand the technical feasibility and potential market value of recovered nutrients. Hence, this review article will be useful in establishing waste management policies and framework along with development of advanced configurations with major emphasis on nutrient recovery rather than removal from the waste stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushman Bhattacharya
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285
| | - Shashank Garg
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285
| | - Pritha Chatterjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285.
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13
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Maureira D, Romero O, Illanes A, Wilson L, Ottone C. Industrial bioelectrochemistry for waste valorization: State of the art and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108123. [PMID: 36868391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemistry has gained importance in recent years for some of its applications on waste valorization, such as wastewater treatment and carbon dioxide conversion, among others. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the applications of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for waste valorization in the industry, identifying current limitations and future perspectives of this technology. BESs are classified according to biorefinery concepts into three different categories: (i) waste to power, (ii) waste to fuel and (iii) waste to chemicals. The main issues related to the scalability of bioelectrochemical systems are discussed, such as electrode construction, the addition of redox mediators and the design parameters of the cells. Among the existing BESs, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) stand out as the more advanced technologies in terms of implementation and R&D investment. However, there has been little transfer of such achievements to enzymatic electrochemical systems. It is necessary that enzymatic systems learn from the knowledge reached with MFC and MEC to accelerate their development to achieve competitiveness in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Maureira
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Oscar Romero
- Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Biocatalysis Group, Departament of Chemical, Biological and Enviromental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Spain.
| | - Andrés Illanes
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Wilson
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carminna Ottone
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile.
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14
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Srivastava RK, Sarangi PK, Vivekanand V, Pareek N, Shaik KB, Subudhi S. Microbial fuel cells for waste nutrients minimization: Recent process technologies and inputs of electrochemical active microbial system. Microbiol Res 2022; 265:127216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Qin L, Liu Y, Qin Y, Liu C, Lu H, Yang T, Liang W. Gd-Co nanosheet arrays coated on N-doped carbon spheres as cathode catalyst in photosynthetic microalgae microbial fuel cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157711. [PMID: 35914594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible, durable and high catalytic cathode is crucial for the performance of photosynthetic microalgae microbial fuel cell (PMMFC). In this study, gadolinium-cobalt (Gd-Co) nanosheet arrays were coated on N-doped carbon spheres (N-CSs) that were supported using nickel foam (NF), to form a unique 3D hierarchical architecture of Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF cathode material. The morphology and structure of Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF was investigated by physicochemical characterization. The electricity generation and stability of NF, N-CSs/NF, Co@N-CSs/NF and Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF were evaluated using a dual-chamber PMMFC system with Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) in the cathode chamber. Results showed that doption of Gd to the cathode material resulted in Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF exhibiting superior catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), with an ORR peak potential of 0.78 V (vs. RHE). The electron transfer number (n) of Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF was 3.906, indicating ORR was mainly realized via 4e- transfer pathway. Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF achieved a maximum power density of 115.9 mW m-2 and an open circuit voltage of 614.8 mV, higher than the other three cathode materials. Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF exhibited excellent stability during 360 h of the PMMFC process, only dropping 5.8 % of maximum voltage. The cell density of C. vulgaris (3.7 × 1010 cells L-1) in Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF system was significantly higher than those of NF, N-CSs/NF and Co@N-CSs/NF. This study shows that Gd-Co@N-CSs/NF is a promising cathode material and may be highly beneficial for the enhancement of PMMFC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qin
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haoran Lu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenyan Liang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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16
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Tai Y, Wang L, Hu Z, Dang Y, Guo Y, Ji X, Hu W, Li M. Efficient phosphorus recovery as struvite by microbial electrolysis cell with stainless steel cathode: Struvite purity and experimental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156914. [PMID: 35753464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from waste streams is an essential choice due to the coming global P crisis. One promising solution is to recover P by microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Both the P recovery effectiveness and product quality are of critical importance for application. In this study, a two-chamber MEC was constructed and the effects of applied voltage, NaAc concentration, Mg/P molar ratio, N/P molar ratio, and initial P concentration on P recovery and product purity were explored. The maximum P recovery efficiency of 99.64 % and crystal accumulation rate over 106.49 g/m3-d were achieved. Struvite (MAP) was confirmed as the final recovered product and the purity obtained could reach up to 99.95 %. Besides, higher applied voltage, N/P molar ratio and initial P concentration could promote P recovery efficiency, while the purity of MAP showed correlation with applied voltage, Mg/P molar ratio, N/P molar ratio and initial P concentration. The correlation between NaAc concentration and both of the above was not very significant. A lower energy consumption of 4.1 kWh/kg P was observed at the maximum P recovery efficiency. In addition, the efficiency of P recovery from real wastewater also could reach nearly 88.25 %. These results highlight the promising potential of efficient phosphorus recovery from P-rich wastewater by MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Tai
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center (Shanghai), China Three Gorges Corporation, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Xiaonan Ji
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center (Shanghai), China Three Gorges Corporation, Shanghai 200335, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center (Shanghai), China Three Gorges Corporation, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Min Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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17
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Baby MG, Ahammed MM. Nutrient removal and recovery from wastewater by microbial fuel cell-based systems - A review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:29-55. [PMID: 35838281 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green innovative technology that can be employed for nutrient removal/recovery as well as for energy production from wastewater. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the use of MFCs for nutrient removal/recovery. Different configurations of MFCs used for nutrient removal are first described. Different types of nutrient removal/recovery mechanisms such as precipitation, biological uptake by microalgae, nitrification, denitrification and ammonia stripping occurring in MFCs are discussed. Recovery of nutrients as struvite or cattiite by precipitation, as microalgal biomass and as ammonium salts are common. This review shows that while higher nutrient removal/recovery is possible with MFCs and their modifications compared to other techniques as indicated by many laboratory studies, field-scale studies and optimization of operational parameters are needed to develop efficient MFCs for nutrient removal and recovery and electricity generation from different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merin Grace Baby
- Civil Engineering Department, S V National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, India E-mail:
| | - M Mansoor Ahammed
- Civil Engineering Department, S V National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, India E-mail:
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18
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Hao J, Zeng H, Li X, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Sheng G, Zhao X. Nitrogen and phosphorous recycling from human urine by household electrochemical fixed bed in sparsely populated regions. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118467. [PMID: 35525028 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Decentralized treatment of human urine in sparsely populated regions could avoid the problem of sewage collection in traditionally centralized treatment schemes and simultaneously utilize the recovered N/P fertilizer in-situ to nurture gardens. Herein, an integrated electrochemical fixed bed packed with divided magnesite and carbon zones was constructed for the pretreatment of human urine, followed by the recovery of 95.0% NH4+ and 85.8% PO43- via struvite precipitation and NH3 volatilization as well as the on-site employment of the produced struvite as fertilizer. In the process, the acid/base zones created by electrochemical water splitting dissolved the magnesite filler as the Mg2+ source of struvite, further creating an ideal pH environment for struvite precipitation and NH3 volatilization in the effluent. Without the need to control solution pH by chemical addition, the system can resist impacts from changes in water quality by adjustment of the current density and flow rate, indicating its great potential for automatic operation. Life cycle assessment indicated that the on-site employment of produced struvite avoids the long-distance fertilizer transportation required for fertilization, thus reducing carbon emission by a hundred million tons per year if the household facility is driven by clean electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huabin Zeng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Mikkeli, 50130, Finland
| | - Xuewei Li
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Yang Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guoping Sheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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19
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Apollon W, Rusyn I, González-Gamboa N, Kuleshova T, Luna-Maldonado AI, Vidales-Contreras JA, Kamaraj SK. Improvement of zero waste sustainable recovery using microbial energy generation systems: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:153055. [PMID: 35032528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial energy generation systems, i.e., bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are promising sustainable technologies that have been used in different fields of application such as biofuel production, biosensor, nutrient recovery, wastewater treatment, and heavy metals removal. However, BESs face great challenges such as large-scale application in real time, low power performance, and suitable materials for their configuration. This review paper aimed to discuss the use of BES systems such as conventional microbial fuel cells (MFCs), as well as plant microbial fuel cell (P-MFC), sediment microbial fuel cell (S-MFC), constructed wetland microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC), osmotic microbial fuel cell (OsMFC), photo-bioelectrochemical fuel cell (PBFC), and MFC-Fenton systems in the zero waste sustainable recovery process. Firstly, the configuration and electrode materials used in BESs as the main sources to improve the performance of these technologies are discussed. Additionally, zero waste recovery process from solid and wastewater feedstock, i.e., energy recovery: electricity generation (from 12 to 26,680 mW m-2) and fuel generation, i.e., H2 (170 ± 2.7 L-1 L-1 d-1) and CH4 (107.6 ± 3.2 mL-1 g-1), nutrient recovery of 100% (PO43-P), and 13-99% (NH4+-N), heavy metal removal/recovery: water recovery, nitrate (100%), sulfate (53-99%), and sulfide recovery/removal (99%), antibiotic, dye removal, and other product recovery are critically analyzed in this review paper. Finally, the perspective and challenges, and future outlook are highlighted. There is no doubt that BES technologies are an economical option for the simultaneous zero waste elimination and energy recovery. However, more research is required to carry out the large-scale application of BES, as well as their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilgince Apollon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, General Escobedo, Nuevo León 66050, Mexico.
| | - Iryna Rusyn
- Department of Ecology and Sustainaible Environmental Management, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera st., 12, Lviv 79013, Ukraine
| | - Nancy González-Gamboa
- Renewable Energy Unit, Yucatan Center for Scientist Research, Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto Km 5, CP 97302 Sierra Papacal, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Tatiana Kuleshova
- Agrophysical Research Institute, Department of Plant Lightphysiology and Agroecosystem Bioproductivity, 195220 Saint-Petersburg 14, Grazhdanskiy pr., Russia
| | - Alejandro Isabel Luna-Maldonado
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, General Escobedo, Nuevo León 66050, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Vidales-Contreras
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, General Escobedo, Nuevo León 66050, Mexico
| | - Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj
- TecNM-Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes (ITEL), Laboratorio de Medio Ambiente Sostenible, Km.18 Carretera Aguascalientes-San Luis Potosí, El Llano Ags. C.P. 20330, Mexico.
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20
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Su D, Chen Y. Advanced bioelectrochemical system for nitrogen removal in wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133206. [PMID: 34922956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) pollution in water has become a serious issue that cannot be ignored due to the harm posed by excessive nitrogen to environmental safety and human health; as such, N concentrations in water are strictly limited. The bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a new method to remove excessive N from water, and has attracted considerable attention. Compared with other methods, it is highly efficient and has low energy consumption. However, the BES has not been applied for N removal in practice due to lack of in-depth research on the mechanism and construction of high-performance electrodes, separators, and reactor configurations; this highlights a need to review and examine the efforts in this field. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the current BES research for N removal focusing on the reaction principles, reactor configurations, electrodes and separators, and treatment of actual wastewater; the corresponding performances in these realms are also discussed. Finally, the prospects for N removal in water using the BES are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Su
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, PR China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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21
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Nookwam K, Cheirsilp B, Maneechote W, Boonsawang P, Sukkasem C. Microbial fuel cells with Photosynthetic-Cathodic chamber in vertical cascade for integrated Bioelectricity, biodiesel feedstock production and wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126559. [PMID: 34929328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop efficient microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for integrated bioelectricity, biodiesel feedstock production and wastewater treatment. Among wastewaters tested, MFC fed with anaerobic digester effluent from rubber industry gave the maximum power density (55.43 ± 1.08 W/m3) and simultaneously removed COD, nitrogen and phosphorus (by 72.4 ± 0.9%, 40.5 ± 0.8% and 24.4 ± 1.5%, respectively). 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that dominant microbial communities were: Firmicutes (43.68%), Bacteroidetes (25.41%) and Chloroflexi (15.02%), which mostly contributed to bioelectricity generation. After optimizing organic loading rate, photosynthetic oleaginous microalgae were applied in cathodic chamber in order to increase oxygen availability, secondarily treat anodic chamber effluent and produce lipids as biodiesel feedstocks. Four MFCs with photosynthetic-cathodic chamber connected in vertical cascade could improve power density up to 116.9 ± 15.5 W/m3, sequentially treat wastewater, and also produce microalgal biomass (465 ± 10 g/m3) with high lipid content (38.17 ± 0.01%). These strategies may greatly contribute to sustainable development of integrated bioenergy generation and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kidakarn Nookwam
- Biotechnology Program, Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology Program, Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | - Wageeporn Maneechote
- Biotechnology Program, Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Boonsawang
- Biotechnology Program, Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chontisa Sukkasem
- Microbial Fuel Cell Laboratory, Research Center in Energy and Environment, Faculty of Agro and Bio Industry, Thaksin University, Phatthalung 93110, Thailand
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22
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Cabrera J, Dai Y, Irfan M, Li Y, Gallo F, Zhang P, Zong Y, Liu X. Novel continuous up-flow MFC for treatment of produced water: Flow rate effect, microbial community, and flow simulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133186. [PMID: 34883132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW) is the main waste produced by oil and gas industry, and its treatment represents an environmental and economical challenge for governments and the industry itself. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) emerge as an ecofriendly technology able to harvest energy and remove pollutants at the same time, however high internal resistance is a key problem limiting their operating performance and practical application. In this work, a novel continuous up-flow MFC was designed and fed solely using PW under different flowrates. Effects of the different flowrates (0 mL/s, 0.2 mL/s, 0.4 mL/s, and 0.6 mL/s) in power production performance and pollutants removal were analyzed. Our results demonstrated the removal efficiency of all the pollutants improved when flowrate incremented from 0 to 0.4 mL/s (COD: 96%, TDS: 22%, sulfates: 64%, TPH: 89%), but decreased when 0.6 mL/s was applied. The best power density of 227 mW/m2 was achieved in a flowrate of 0.4 mL/s. Similar to the pollutant's removal, the power density increased together with the increment of flowrate and decreased when 0.6 mL/s was used. The reason for the performance fluctuation was the decrement of internal resistance from 80 Ω (batch mode) to 20 Ω (0.4 mL/s), and then the sudden increment to 90 Ω for 0.6 mL/s. A flow simulation revealed that until 0.4 mL/s the flow was organized and helped protons to arrive in the membrane faster, but flowrate of 0.6 mL/s created turbulence which prejudiced the transportation of protons incrementing the internal resistance. Microbial community analysis of the biofilm found that Desulfuromonas, Desulfovibrio and Geoalkalibacter were dominant bacteria in charge of pollutant removal and electricity production. This study can be helpful in guiding the use of continuous-flow MFC for PW treatment, and to accelerate the practical application of MFC technology in oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonnathan Cabrera
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Yexin Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Felix Gallo
- School of Geology and Petroleum, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, 170143, Ecuador
| | - Pingping Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yanping Zong
- Tianjin Marine Environmental Center Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Tianjin, 300450, PR China
| | - Xianhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China.
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23
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From Waste to Watts: Updates on Key Applications of Microbial Fuel Cells in Wastewater Treatment and Energy Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to fossil fuel depletion and the rapid growth of industry, it is critical to develop environmentally friendly and long-term alternative energy technologies. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a powerful platform for extracting energy from various sources and converting it to electricity. As no intermediate steps are required to harness the electricity from the organic substrate’s stored chemical energy, MFC technology offers a sustainable alternative source of energy production. The generation of electricity from the organic substances contained in waste using MFC technology could provide a cost-effective solution to the issue of environmental pollution and energy shortages in the near future. Thus, technical advancements in bioelectricity production from wastewater are becoming commercially viable. Due to practical limitations, and although promising prospects have been reported in recent investigations, MFCs are incapable of upscaling and of high-energy production. In this review paper, intensive research has been conducted on MFCs’ applications in the treatment of wastewater. Several types of waste have been extensively studied, including municipal or domestic waste, industrial waste, brewery wastewater, and urine waste. Furthermore, the applications of MFCs in the removal of nutrients (nitrogen and sulphates) and precious metals from wastewater were also intensively reviewed. As a result, the efficacy of various MFCs in achieving sustainable power generation from wastewater has been critically addressed in this study.
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24
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Wahab NAAA, Masri MN, Mohamad M, Watini S, Othman R. Evaluation of plasticizer’s effects to cassava film using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ICONBET2021) 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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25
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Deng Q, Su C, Chen Z, Gong T, Lu X, Chen Z, Lin X. Effect of hydraulic retention time on the denitrification performance and metabolic mechanism of a multi-chambered bio-electrochemical system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 299:113575. [PMID: 34474253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the denitrification performance of the multi-chambered bio-electrochemistry system and the metabolic mechanism of the microbial community were investigated. Results indicated that the NO3--N and NO2--N removal efficiency was up to 99.5% and 99.9%, respectively. The electricity generation performance of the system was optimum at 24 h HRT, with the maximum power density and output voltage of the fourth chamber to be 471.2 mW/m3 and 602.4 mV, respectively. With the decrease of HRT from 24 h to 8 h, the protein-like substance in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of granular sludge was reduced and the fluorescence intensities were weakened. Besides, the abundance of metabolism pathway was the highest at 50.0% and 49.9%, respectively, and the methane metabolism (1.8% and 2.0%, respectively) and the nitrogen metabolism (0.8% and 0.9%, respectively) in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway played important roles in providing guaranteed stability and efficient removal of organic matter and nitrogen from the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi Province (Guangxi Normal University), 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Zhengpeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Tong Gong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xinya Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhuxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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26
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Cabrera J, Irfan M, Dai Y, Zhang P, Zong Y, Liu X. Bioelectrochemical system as an innovative technology for treatment of produced water from oil and gas industry: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131428. [PMID: 34237499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of the high volume of produced water (PW) is a big challenge to the oil and gas industry. High cost of conventional treatment facilities, increasing energy prices and environmental concern had focused governments and the industry itself on more efficient treatment methods. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) has attracted the attention of researchers because it represents a sustainable way to treat wastewater. This is the first review that summarizes the progress done in PW-fed BESs with a critical analysis of the parameters that influence their performances. Inoculum, temperature, hydraulic retention time, external resistance, and the use of real or synthetic produced water were found to be deeply related to the performance of BES. Microbial fuel cells are the most analyzed BES in this field followed by different types of microbial desalination cells. High concentration of sulfates in PW suggests that most of hydrocarbons are removed mainly by using sulfates as terminal electron acceptor (TEA), but other TEAs such as nitrate or metals can also be employed. The use of real PW as feed in experiments is highly recommended because biofilms when using synthetic PW are not the same. This review is believed to be helpful in guiding the research directions on the use of BES for PW treatment, and to speed up the practical application of BES technology in oil and gas industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonnathan Cabrera
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Yexin Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yanping Zong
- Tianjin Marine Environmental Center Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xianhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China.
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27
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Gul H, Raza W, Lee J, Azam M, Ashraf M, Kim KH. Progress in microbial fuel cell technology for wastewater treatment and energy harvesting. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130828. [PMID: 34023759 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The global energy crisis has stimulated the development of various forms of green energy technology such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that can be applied synergistically and simultaneously toward wastewater treatment and bioenergy generation. This is because electricigens in wastewater can act as catalysts for destroying organic pollutants to produce bioelectricity through bacterial metabolism. In this review, the factors affecting energy production are discussed to help optimize MFC processes with respect to design (e.g., single, double, stacked, up-flow, sediment, photosynthetic, and microbial electrolysis cells) and operational conditions/parameters (e.g., cell potential, microorganisms, substrate (in wastewater), pH, temperature, salinity, external resistance, and shear stress). The significance of electron transfer mechanisms and microbial metabolism is also described to pursue the maximum generation of power by MFCs. Technically, the generation of power by MFCs is still a significant challenge for real-world applications due to the difficulties in balancing between harvesting efficiency and upscaling of the system. This review summarizes various techniques used for MFC-based energy harvesting systems. This study aims to help narrow such gaps in their practical applications. Further, it is also expected to give insights into the upscaling of MFC technology while assisting environmental scientists to gain a better understanding on this energy harvesting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajera Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, PR China
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Mudassar Azam
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Ashraf
- NFC Institute of Engineering & Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Khanewal Road Opposite Pak Arab Fertilizers, 60000, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Yahampath Arachchige Don CDY, Babel S. Circulation of anodic effluent to the cathode chamber for subsequent treatment of wastewater in photosynthetic microbial fuel cell with generation of bioelectricity and algal biomass. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130455. [PMID: 33839395 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic wastewater containing 1500 mg L-1 of COD was treated in the anode chamber for 5, 10, and 20 d. An anode chamber was conducted under anaerobic conditions with mixed culture bacteria inoculum attached to the anode. Anodic effluent was transferred to the cathode chamber for further treatment for 5, 10, and 20 d as the growth medium of Chlorella vulgaris. The microalgal photosynthesis process provided oxygen for the cathodic reaction. In 5 d of anodic hydraulic retention time (HRT), the effluent contained high COD, resulting in low power generation in the P-MFC due to the heterotrophic metabolism carried out by microalgae diminishing photosynthesis. However, high biomass productivity up to 0.649 g L-1 d-1 was obtained in the subsequent treatment of 5 d in the cathode chamber. An anodic HRT of 10 d resulted in higher power generation (0.0254 kWh kg-1 COD), and higher COD removal efficiency up to 60%. A further 10 d treatment in the cathode chamber increased the COD removal efficiency up to 74%. Anode and cathode chambers combined removed 79% of NH4+-N concentration from the original synthetic wastewater within 20 d. This study demonstrated that the anodic effluent of the P-MFC can be utilized in the cathode chamber as a growth medium for microalgae if conducted with appropriate HRT in the anode. P-MFC provides a promising sustainable solution for wastewater treatment while generating electricity and algal biomass as by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamath D Y Yahampath Arachchige Don
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sandhya Babel
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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29
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Microbial Fuel Cell for Energy Production, Nutrient Removal and Recovery from Wastewater: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The world is facing serious threats from the depletion of non-renewable energy resources, freshwater shortages and food scarcity. As the world population grows, the demand for fresh water, energy, and food will increase, and the need for treating and recycling wastewater will rise. In the past decade, wastewater has been recognized as a resource as it primarily consists of water, energy-latent organics and nutrients. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) have attracted considerable attention due to their versatility in their applications in wastewater treatment, power generation, toxic pollutant removal, environmental monitoring sensors, and more. This article provides a review of MFC technologies applied to the removal and/or recovery of nutrients (such as P and N), organics (COD), and bioenergy (as electricity) from various wastewaters. This review aims to provide the current perspective on MFCs, focusing on the recent advancements in the areas of nutrient removal and/or recovery with simultaneous power generation.
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30
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Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has attracted a great amount of attention due to its potential for organic and inorganic waste treatment concomitant with power generation. It is thus seen as a clean energy alternative. Modifications and innovations have been conducted on standalone and hybrid/coupled MFC systems to improve the power output to meet the end goal, namely, commercialization and implementation into existing wastewater treatment plants. As the energy generated is inversely proportional to the size of the reactor, the stacking method has been proven to boost the power output from MFC. In recent years, stacked or scale-up MFCs have also been used as a power source to provide off-grid energy, as well as for in situ assessments. These scale-up studies, however, encountered various challenges, such as cell voltage reversal. This review paper explores recent scale-up studies, identifies trends and challenges, and provides a framework for current and future research.
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31
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Raychaudhuri A, Behera M. Enhancement of bioelectricity generation by integrating acidogenic compartment into a dual-chambered microbial fuel cell during rice mill wastewater treatment. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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