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Su W, Mohan BC, Prabhakar AK, Yao Z, Wang Y, Wang CH. Valorization of carbon soot ash for the selective capture of lead ions from industrial waste water-A waste to resource approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 366:143443. [PMID: 39368498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Landfills are struggling to accommodate the increasing amounts of carbon soot ash waste from oil refineries. Due to extensive industrial productions, large quantities of lead ions are released into the environment, which not only pollutes the environment but also affects flora and fauna. In this work, these urgent environmental issues will be tackled by studying the use of modified carbon soot ash for specific heavy metal adsorption. Carbon soot ash modified with chemical leaching and physical ball-milling was loaded onto the surface of graphene oxide. This adsorbent was found to selectively adsorb and remove toxic lead ions (>99%) from a mixed heavy metal solution. The adsorption efficiency was found to increase with temperature (20-60 °C) and pH (2-8). Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics were found to fit the adsorption process through curve fitting, where the adsorbent reached a maximum capacity of 194.55 mg/g. Potential mechanisms for lead adsorption and metal specificity are also discussed here. This work aligns with the waste-to-resource pathway, where waste carbon soot ash is diverted from landfilling and is formulated as a specific heavy metal adsorbent, that shows promise for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585
| | - Babu Cadiam Mohan
- Cbe Eco-Solutions Pte. Ltd. 3 Research Link, #01-02 INNOVATION 4.0, Singapore, 117602
| | - Arun Kumar Prabhakar
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, Singapore, 138602
| | - Zhiyi Yao
- Cbe Eco-Solutions Pte. Ltd. 3 Research Link, #01-02 INNOVATION 4.0, Singapore, 117602
| | - Yiying Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602.
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2
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Lu T, Ge W, Li A, Deng S, Min T, Qiu G. Endogenous silicon-activated rice husk biochar prepared for the remediation of cadmium-contaminated soils: Performance and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 362:125030. [PMID: 39332799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. However, pristine biochar generally has limited active functional groups and adsorption sites, thereby exhibiting low immobilization performance for heavy metals. In addition to carbon (C), silicon (Si) is another common macro-element present in rice husk biochar, but it often exists in the form of amorphous oxide and therefore contributes little to the adsorption performance for heavy metals. The transformation of amorphous Si oxide to dissolved silicate through a precipitation effect can significantly improve its heavy metal immobilization capability. Herein, the amorphous Si oxide in rice husk biochar was activated by sodium hydroxide and then the dissolved silicate was immobilized by calcium salt. The as-synthetized Si-activated biochar was used to remediate cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. The results indicated that Si-activated rice husk biochar could reduce Cd migration and environmental risks by the transformation from exchangeable Cd into carbonate-bound and residual Cd. With increasing Ca: Si molar ratio, the content of CaCl2 and H2O-extractable Cd exhibited a decreasing trend. Moreover, a higher addition amount of Si-activated biochar improved the Cd immobilization efficiency. The application of 1.0% Ca/Si molar ratio of 2: 2 Si-activated rice husk biochar decreased the CaCl2-Cd and H2O-Cd concentration by a maximum of 83.7% and 90.5% compared with pristine rice husk biochar, respectively. The present work proposes an approach for highly efficient remediation of Cd-polluted soils by biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenzhan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Anyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shengjun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tao Min
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guohong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation College of Resources and Environment, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agriculture Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Lee JI, Jeong Y, Lee YJ, Lee CG, Park SJ. Harnessing wood bottom ash for efficient arsenic removal from wastewater: Adsorption mechanisms and process optimisation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143204. [PMID: 39209039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the innovative application of wood bottom ash (WBA) as an adsorbent for arsenic (As) removal from wastewater, focusing on the adsorption mechanism and optimisation of the operational conditions. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including FE-SEM/EDS, BET, XRF, XRD, FT-IR, and XPS, were performed to examine the elemental and mineralogical changes in WBA before and after As adsorption. The study assessed the adsorption kinetics and isotherms, revealing that As adsorption reached equilibrium within 48 h, with a maximum capacity of 121.13 mg/g. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and aligned well with the Langmuir isotherm, indicating that the process is governed by chemisorption and occurs as monolayer adsorption. The primary removal mechanism was the surface precipitation of amorphous calcium arsenate. Response surface methodology was employed to analyse and optimise the factors influencing As removal, including solution pH, ionic strength, adsorbent dose and reaction time. The optimal conditions for maximum As removal were pH 7.11, 8.37 mM ionic strength, 9.08 g/L WBA dose, and 2.58 h reaction time. This study offers novel insights into the efficient and cost-effective use of WBA for As removal, highlighting its potential as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-In Lee
- Institute of Agricultural Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Jeong
- Dept. of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Jun Lee
- Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Lee
- Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea; Dept. of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Institute of Agricultural Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea; Dept. of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Ondrasek G, Meriño-Gergichevich C, Manterola-Barroso C, Seguel Fuentealba A, Romero SM, Savić R, Cholin SS, Horvatinec J. Bio-based resources: systemic & circular solutions for (agro)environmental services. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23466-23482. [PMID: 39055268 PMCID: PMC11271217 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03506b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The global promotion of decarbonisation through the circular solutions and (re)use of bio-based resources (BBR), i.e. waste streams, notably from the agricultural, forest and municipal sectors has steadily increased in recent decades. Among the transformative solutions offered by BBR, biosolids (BS), biochars (BC), and bioashes (BA) specifically attract scientific attention due to their highly complex organo-mineral matrices, which present significant potential for recovery in the agro-/forest-ecosystems. These materials enhance various soil (i) chemical (pH, macro/micro nutrient concentrations, organic matter content), (ii) physical (porosity, water-air relations, compaction) or (iii) microbial (diversity, activity) properties. Furthermore, some of transformed BBR contribute to a multitude of environmental services such as the remediation of contaminated sites and wastewater treatment, employing cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches that align with circular economy/waste management principles, ultimately contributing to climate change mitigation. However, several challenges impede the widespread utilization/transformation of BBR, including technological limitations in processing and application, concerns about contamination (e.g., PAHs, PCBs, micro/nano plastics present in BS), toxicity issues (e.g., heavy metals in BA or nanoparticles in BC), and regulatory constraints (e.g., non-uniform regulations governing the reuse of BA and BS). Addressing these challenges demands an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach to fully unlock the potential of BBR in sustainable decarbonisation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrijel Ondrasek
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture Svetosimunska c. 25 Republic of Croatia
| | - Cristian Meriño-Gergichevich
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Laboratory of Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
| | - Carlos Manterola-Barroso
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Laboratory of Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
- Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
| | - Alex Seguel Fuentealba
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera Temuco Chile
| | - Sebastián Meier Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Carillanca Temuco Chile
- School of Agronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering, and Technology, Universidad Mayor Temuco Chile
| | - Radovan Savić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad Trg D. Obradovica 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Sarvamangala S Cholin
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab (DBT-BIOCARe), Department of Biotechnology & Crop Improvement, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot 587103 Karnataka India
- University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot 587103 Karnataka India
| | - Jelena Horvatinec
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture Svetosimunska c. 25 Republic of Croatia
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5
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Gao JM, Yan Z, Ma S, Guo Y. Novel process for high value utilization of high-alumina fly ash: valuable metals recovery and mesoporous silica in situ preparation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1782-1793. [PMID: 38192315 PMCID: PMC10772861 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Extraction of valuable metals besides silica from high-alumina fly ash is one of the most important high-value utilization pathways. However, it is difficult to realize high-efficiency extraction due to the stable structure e.g. of quartz and mullite. In this paper, mineral phase transformation for valuable metal recovery and mesoporous silica in situ preparation from fly ash by a selective acid leaching method was proposed. The mineral phase transformation, dissolution behavior of each metal, and pore structure of fly ash derived mesoporous silica were systematically investigated. The results show that the co-activation of fly ash by Na2CO3-K2CO3 formed the phases of kalsilite and (Na, K)AlSiO4. During the acid leaching process, Al, Li, and Ga could be leached with the efficiencies of 86.17%, 89%, and 80% in the FK system. In the FN system, the efficiencies of Al, Li, and Ga are 92.38%, 95%, and 83%, respectively. The crystal plane (002) was destroyed for kaliophilite while all the crystal planes were destroyed for nepheline. With the increase of HCl solution concentration, the porous silica exhibited the same change order of pore shape. The pore structure of as-prepared porous silica was type IV and the hysteresis loop was type H3, and the specific surface areas could be 565.54, 448.02, and 746.76 m2 g-1, respectively. Finally, the leaching liquors can be used to produce crystal aluminum chloride, lithium carbonate and gallium. This paper might provide technical support for full recycling of high-value resources from fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Gao
- Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
| | - Zhenwei Yan
- Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
| | - Shujia Ma
- Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Guo
- Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
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6
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Gatou MA, Vagena IA, Lagopati N, Pippa N, Gazouli M, Pavlatou EA. Functional MOF-Based Materials for Environmental and Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2224. [PMID: 37570542 PMCID: PMC10421186 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last ten years, there has been a growing interest in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a unique category of porous materials that combine organic and inorganic components. MOFs have garnered significant attention due to their highly favorable characteristics, such as environmentally friendly nature, enhanced surface area and pore volume, hierarchical arrangements, and adjustable properties, as well as their versatile applications in fields such as chemical engineering, materials science, and the environmental and biomedical sectors. This article centers on examining the advancements in using MOFs for environmental remediation purposes. Additionally, it discusses the latest developments in employing MOFs as potential tools for disease diagnosis and drug delivery across various ailments, including cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders, and ocular diseases. Firstly, a concise overview of MOF evolution and the synthetic techniques employed for creating MOFs are provided, presenting their advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the challenges, potential avenues, and perspectives for future advancements in the utilization of MOFs in the respective application domains are addressed. Lastly, a comprehensive comparison of the materials presently employed in these applications is conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Anna Gatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna-Aglaia Vagena
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Evangelia A. Pavlatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
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Prabhakar AK, Mohan BC, Tai MH, Yao Z, Su W, Lay-Ming Teo S, Wang CH. Green, non-toxic and efficient adsorbent from hazardous ash waste for the recovery of valuable metals and heavy metal removal from waste streams. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138524. [PMID: 37019407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As compared to alkali-activated geopolymers with phosphoric acid which may be used in high concentrations resulting in disposal concerns, acid-based geopolymers may have superior properties. A novel green method of converting waste ash to a geopolymer for use in adsorption applications such as water treatment is presented here. We use methanesulfonic acid, a green chemical with high acid strength and biodegradability to form geopolymers from coal and wood fly ashes. The geopolymer is characterized for its physico-chemical properties and tested for heavy metal adsorption. The material specifically adsorbs iron and lead. The geopolymer is coupled to activated carbon forming a composite, which adsorbs silver (precious metal) and manganese (hazardous metal) significantly. The adsorption pattern complies with pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. Toxicity studies show while activated carbon is highly toxic, the geopolymer and the carbon-geopolymer composite have relatively less toxicity concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Prabhakar
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore
| | - Babu Cadiam Mohan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Ming Hang Tai
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore
| | - Zhiyi Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Weiling Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Serena Lay-Ming Teo
- St John's Island National Marine Laboratory, Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576 Singapore.
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8
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Xu S, Zhou C, Fang H, Zhu W, Shi J, Liu G. Characteristics of trace elements and potential environmental risks of the ash from agricultural straw direct combustion biomass power plant. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138989. [PMID: 37209844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of biomass power generation has resulted in a large amount of ash, which need to be treated urgently. The trace elements in ash also have environmental risks during treatment. Therefore, the essential characteristics and potential environmental risks of biomass ash generated by direct combustion of agricultural straw were studied. The leaching characteristics of elements, including major elements (Mg, K, Ca) and trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Pb and Ba), in fly ash and slag produced by biomass power plant were analyzed through the static leaching experiments of simulating the possible pH value of natural water in the laboratory. The results show that the trace elements are enriched in fly ash and slag, which may be related to the volatility of elements during combustion. And during the leaching test, the leaching concentration of major and trace elements in fly ash is higher than that in slag. Sequential chemical extraction is used to reveal the occurrence forms of trace elements in biomass ash. Except for residue, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb in fly ash mainly exist in carbonate bound, V and As are Fe-Mn oxides bound, and Cr, Ni, Cu, and Ba are mainly organic matter bound. In the slag, Cd is mainly carbonate bound, Cu is mainly organic matter bound, while other elements are mainly Fe-Mn oxides bound. The Risk Assessment Code values calculated based on the existing forms of elements show that As and Cd in slag and Mn, Co, Pb and Cd in fly ash need special attention during utilization. The research results can provide reference for the management and utilization of biomass ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chuncai Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Hongxia Fang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Wenrui Zhu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jiaqian Shi
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Road Jinzhai, Hefei 230026, China
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9
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Hao M, Wu W, Habibul N, Chai G, Ma X, Ma X. Fe-modified fly ash/cotton stalk biochar composites for efficient removal of phosphate in water: mechanisms and green-reuse potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27372-9. [PMID: 37155106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive phosphate content input into natural water can lead to the waste of resource and eutrophication. Biochar is a kind of low-cost adsorbent. However, its adsorption capacity for phosphate is low. In order to solve this problem, Fe compound-modified fly ash/cotton stalk biochar composites (Fe-FBC) were prepared through co-pyrolyzed fly ash and cotton stalk at 800℃, followed by infiltration of FeSO4 solution. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential. After modification, the hydrophilicity and polarity of Fe-FBC increased. In addition, the pore volume, specific surface area, and surface functional groups were significantly improved. The adsorption behavior of Fe-FBC for the removal of phosphate from water can be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Sips isotherm adsorption model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 47.91 mg/g. Fe-FBC maintained a high adsorption capacity in the pH range of 3-10. The coexisting anions (NO3-, SO42-, and Cl-) had negligible effects on phosphate adsorption. The adsorption mechanisms of Fe-FBC include electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, surface complexation, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and hydrogen bonding. Moreover, the desorption process of phosphate was investigated, indicating that the phosphate-saturated Fe-FBC could use as slow-release phosphate fertilizer. This study proposed a potentially environmental protection and recycling economy approach, which consists of recycling resources and treating wastes with wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Nuzahat Habibul
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Guang Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
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10
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Nosakhare Amenaghawon A, Lewis Anyalewechi C, Uyi Osazuwa O, Agbovhimen Elimian E, Oshiokhai Eshiemogie S, Kayode Oyefolu P, Septya Kusuma H. A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for the Adsorptive Sequestration of Pollutants from Wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Khan R, Saxena A. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in Gomti-Ganga Alluvial Plain, associated human health risks assessment and potential remediation using novel-nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:19. [PMID: 36279024 PMCID: PMC9589610 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The health risks associated with consumption of water from river Gomti polluted with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including As, Fe, Pb, Cd, Mn, Cr, Ni, and Hg were investigated at the initiation of unlocking of COVID-19 lockdown and compared with pre-COVID-19 lockdown status. In the current investigation, the total hazard index (THI) values exceeded the acceptable limit of "unity" at all sampling stations. The use of river water for drinking and domestic purposes by millions of people with high THI values has emerged as a matter of huge concern. The individual hazard quotients associated with Cd and Pb were found to be most severe (> 1). A vivid difference between the THI values during the two study phases indicated the positive impact of COVID-19 lockdown signifying the prominent impact of anthropogenic activities on the PTE concentrations. The closure of local manufacturing units (textile, battery, etc.) emerged as a potential reason for decreased health risks associated with PTE levels. The higher susceptibility of children to health risks in comparison with adults through the values of THI and HQs was interpreted across the study area. Potential remedial measures for PTE contamination have also been suggested in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Khan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, India.
| | - Abhishek Saxena
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, India.
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12
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Cu and As(V) Adsorption and Desorption on/from Different Soils and Bio-Adsorbents. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145023. [PMID: 35888489 PMCID: PMC9323072 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research is concerned with the adsorption and desorption of Cu and As(V) on/from different soils and by-products. Both contaminants may reach soils by the spreading of manure/slurries, wastewater, sewage sludge, or pesticides, and also due to pollution caused by mining and industrial activities. Different crop soils were sampled in A Limia (AL) and Sarria (S) (Galicia, NW Spain). Three low-cost by-products were selected to evaluate their bio-adsorbent potential: pine bark, oak ash, and mussel shell. The adsorption/desorption studies were carried out by means of batch-type experiments, adding increasing and individual concentrations of Cu and As(V). The fit of the adsorption data to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models was assessed, with good results in some cases, but with high estimation errors in others. Cu retention was higher in soils with high organic matter and/or pH, reaching almost 100%, while the desorption was less than 15%. The As(V) adsorption percentage clearly decreased for higher As doses, especially in S soils, from 60−100% to 10−40%. The As(V) desorption was closely related to soil acidity, being higher for soils with higher pH values (S soils), in which up to 66% of the As(V) previously adsorbed can be desorbed. The three by-products showed high Cu adsorption, especially oak ash, which adsorbed all the Cu added in a rather irreversible manner. Oak ash also adsorbed a high amount of As(V) (>80%) in a rather non-reversible way, while mussel shell adsorbed between 7 and 33% of the added As(V), and pine bark adsorbed less than 12%, with both by-products reaching 35% desorption. Based on the adsorption and desorption data, oak ash performed as an excellent adsorbent for both Cu and As(V), a fact favored by its high pH and the presence of non-crystalline minerals and different oxides and carbonates. Overall, the results of this research can be relevant when designing strategies to prevent Cu and As(V) pollution affecting soils, waterbodies, and plants, and therefore have repercussions on public health and the environment.
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Shi R, Lai H, Ni N, Nkoh JN, Guan P, Lu H, He X, Zhao W, Xu C, Liu Z, Li J, Xu R, Cui X, Qian W. Comparing ameliorative effects of biomass ash and alkaline slag on an acidic Ultisol under artificial Masson pine: A field experiment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113306. [PMID: 34280864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Forest soil acidification caused by acid deposition is a serious threat to the forest ecosystem. To investigate the liming effects of biomass ash (BA) and alkaline slag (AS) on the acidic topsoil and subsoil, a three-year field experiment under artificial Masson pine was conducted at Langxi, Anhui province in Southern China. The surface application of BA and AS significantly increased the soil pH, and thus decreased exchangeable acidity and active Al in the topsoil. Soil exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ in topsoil were significantly increased by the surface application of BA and AS, while an increase in soil exchangeable K+ was only observed in BA treatments. The soil acidity and active Al in subsoil were decreased by the surface application of AS. Compared with the control, soluble monomeric and exchangeable Al in the subsoil was decreased by 38.0% and 29.4% after 3 years of AS surface application. There was a minimal effect on soluble monomeric and exchangeable Al after the application of BA. The soil exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the subsoil increased respectively by 54% and 141% after surface application of 10 t ha-1 AS. The decrease of soil active Al and increase of base cations in subsoil were mainly attributed to the high migration capacity of base cations in AS. In conclusion, the effect of surface application of AS was superior to BA in ameliorating soil acidity and alleviating soil Al toxicity in the subsoil of this Ultisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
| | - Hongwei Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Ni Ni
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China; Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Jackson Nkoh Nkoh
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hailong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wenrui Zhao
- School of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Jiuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Renkou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Xiumin Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Wei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
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Liu H, Cheng C, Wu H. Sustainable utilization of wetland biomass for activated carbon production: A review on recent advances in modification and activation methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148214. [PMID: 34380280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) as a green eco-technology have been applied for treating various wastewaters for several decades. However, sustainable reclamation of the harvested wetland biomass remains a challenge. Utilization of wetland biomass for value-added activated carbon (AC) production could be a potential strategy to improve the sustainability with multi-functions such as energy storage, resource recovery and environmental remediation. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review on the recent advances in production of ACs from wetland biomass and their application for adsorption of metal ions from wastewaters. The physicochemical properties of the ACs with chemical activations and their feasibility for heavy metal ions adsorption are compared, and the adsorption mechanisms are found to be complexation, physical adsorption, ion-exchange and electrostatic interactions. The surface chemistry of ACs impacted more on the adsorption ability towards heavy metal ions than their porosity. The in-situ modification during H3PO4 activation and new phosphorus-based activation are also summarized for enhancing the surface functionality and introducing specific surface functionalities on ACs, in turn promoting their adsorption ability for heavy metal ions. The high adsorption capacity and cost-effectiveness make these ACs as economical alternatives for waste remediation, and future research on the optimization and applications of ACs was also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- College of Environmental and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Haiming Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
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Buema G, Trifas LM, Harja M. Removal of Toxic Copper Ion from Aqueous Media by Adsorption on Fly Ash-Derived Zeolites: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3468. [PMID: 34685227 PMCID: PMC8541021 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the adsorption capacity of one material based on the treatment of fly ash with sodium hydroxide as a novel adsorbent for toxic Cu2+ ion removal from aqueous media. The adsorbent was obtained through direct activation of fly ash with 2M NaOH at 90 °C and 6 h of contact time. The adsorbent was characterized by recognized techniques for solid samples. The influence of adsorption parameters such as adsorbent dose, copper initial concentration and contact time was analyzed in order to establish the best adsorption conditions. The results revealed that the Langmuir model fitted with the copper adsorption data. The maximum copper adsorption capacity was 53.5 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results indicated that the mechanism of adsorption was chemisorption. The results also showed the copper ion removal efficiencies of the synthesized adsorbents. The proposed procedure is an innovative and economical method, which can be used for toxicity reduction by capitalizing on abundant solid waste and treatment wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Buema
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luisa-Maria Trifas
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof.dr.doc. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Maria Harja
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof.dr.doc. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
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Abstract
Natural occurrence and anthropogenic practices contribute to the release of pollutants, specifically heavy metals, in water over the years. Therefore, this leads to a demand of proper water treatment to minimize the harmful effects of the toxic heavy metals in water, so that a supply of clean water can be distributed into the environment or household. This review highlights several water treatment methods that can be used in removing heavy metal from water. Among various treatment methods, the adsorption process is considered as one of the highly effective treatments of heavy metals and the functionalization of adsorbents can fully enhance the adsorption process. Therefore, four classes of adsorbent sources are highlighted: polymeric, natural mineral, industrial by-product, and carbon nanomaterial adsorbent. The major purpose of this review is to gather up-to-date information on research and development on various adsorbents in the treatment of heavy metal from water by emphasizing the adsorption capability, effect of pH, isotherm and kinetic model, removal efficiency and the contact of time of every adsorbent.
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A Strategy to Revalue a Wood Waste for Simultaneous Cadmium Removal and Wastewater Disinfection. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/3552300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, the possibility of wood waste (hardwoods such as oaks’ and alternatives’ staves from Balkan cooperage) revalorization for simultaneous cadmium removal and wastewater disinfection was examined. All samples were characterized in terms of their crystallinity index and crystallite size, amount of functional groups, and surface chemistry (determined by ATR-FTIR) as well as antibacterial activity. Mulberry is characterized by the lowest crystallinity index which can be ascribed to the highest crystallite size disabling crystallite denser packaging, while myrobalan plum has about 23% lower crystallite size that enables crystallite better packaging, thus resulting in a 42.4% higher crystallinity index compared to the mulberry. All oaks have a significantly higher amount of carboxyl groups compared to the alternatives (0.23-0.28 vs. 0.12-0.19 mmol/g). The adsorption experiments revealed that with increasing the initial cadmium concentration from 15 up to 55 mg/g, samples’ adsorption capacity increases by 89-220%. The equilibrium data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model implying monolayer coverage of cadmium ions over a homogeneous wood surface. The relationship between the samples’ maximum adsorption capacities (ranged from 5.726 to 12.618 mg/g), their crystallinity index, and crystallite size was established. According to ATR-FTIR spectra, aldehyde, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phenyl groups present on the wood waste surface are involved in Cd2+ adsorption which proceeds via the interplay of the complexation, cation-π interactions, and ion-exchange mechanisms. Mulberry and myrobalan plum showed about 89% and 80% of the total uptake capacity of cadmium within 60 min, while the equilibrium was attained after 240 min of contact time. Good compliance with pseudo-second kinetic order indicated that cadmium adsorption was mediated by chemical forces. Thermodynamic parameters revealed the spontaneous and exothermic character of cadmium ion adsorption onto mulberry and myrobalan plum. All studied samples provide maximum bacterial reduction (>99%) for E. coli and S. aureus. Wood waste from Balkan cooperage can be successfully used for simultaneous cadmium removal and wastewater disinfection.
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Kalak T, Marciszewicz K, Piepiórka-Stepuk J. Highly Effective Adsorption Process of Ni(II) Ions with the Use of Sewage Sludge Fly Ash Generated by Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC) Technology. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3106. [PMID: 34198936 PMCID: PMC8201213 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the removal of nickel ions due to their negative effects on the environment and human health. In this research, fly ash obtained as a result of incineration of municipal sewage sludge with the use of circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) technology was used to analyze the possibility of removing Ni(II) ions in adsorption processes. The properties of the material were determined using analytical methods, such as SEM-EDS, XRD, BET, BJH, thermogravimetry, zeta potential, SEM, and FT-IR. Several factors were analyzed, such as adsorbent dose, initial pH, initial concentration, and contact time. As a result of the conducted research, the maximum sorption efficiency was obtained at the level of 99.9%. The kinetics analysis and isotherms showed that the pseudo-second order equation model and the Freundlich isotherm model best suited this process. In conclusion, sewage sludge fly ash may be a suitable material for the effective removal of nickel from wastewater and the improvement of water quality. This research is in line with current trends in the concepts of circular economy and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kalak
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Kinga Marciszewicz
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Joanna Piepiórka-Stepuk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Food Industry Processes and Facilities, Koszalin University of Technology, Racławicka 15-17, 75-620 Koszalin, Poland;
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Rozhina E, Ishmukhametov I, Nigamatzyanova L, Akhatova F, Batasheva S, Taskaev S, Montes C, Lvov Y, Fakhrullin R. Comparative Toxicity of Fly Ash: An In Vitro Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071926. [PMID: 33808134 PMCID: PMC8038091 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fly ash produced during coal combustion is one of the major sources of air and water pollution, but the data on the impact of micrometer-size fly ash particles on human cells is still incomplete. Fly ash samples were collected from several electric power stations in the United States (Rockdale, TX; Dolet Hill, Mansfield, LA; Rockport, IN; Muskogee, OK) and from a metallurgic plant located in the Russian Federation (Chelyabinsk Electro-Metallurgical Works OJSC). The particles were characterized using dynamic light scattering, atomic force, and hyperspectral microscopy. According to chemical composition, the fly ash studied was ferro-alumino-silicate mineral containing substantial quantities of Ca, Mg, and a negligible concentration of K, Na, Mn, and Sr. The toxicity of the fly ash microparticles was assessed in vitro using HeLa cells (human cervical cancer cells) and Jurkat cells (immortalized human T lymphocytes). Incubation of cells with different concentrations of fly ash resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability for all fly ash variants. The most prominent cytotoxic effect in HeLa cells was produced by the ash particles from Rockdale, while the least was produced by the fly ash from Chelyabinsk. In Jurkat cells, the lowest toxicity was observed for fly ash collected from Rockport, Dolet Hill and Muscogee plants. The fly ash from Rockdale and Chelyabinsk induced DNA damage in HeLa cells, as revealed by the single cell electrophoresis, and disrupted the normal nuclear morphology. The interaction of fly ash microparticles of different origins with cells was visualized using dark-field microscopy and hyperspectral imaging. The size of ash particles appeared to be an important determinant of their toxicity, and the smallest fly ash particles from Chelyabinsk turned out to be the most cytotoxic to Jukart cells and the most genotoxic to HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Rozhina
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Ilnur Ishmukhametov
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Läysän Nigamatzyanova
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Farida Akhatova
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Svetlana Batasheva
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Sergey Taskaev
- Physics Department, Chelyabinsk State University, 129 Bratiev Kashirinykh St., 454001 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Carlos Montes
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA; (C.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuri Lvov
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA; (C.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rawil Fakhrullin
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia; (E.R.); (I.I.); (L.N.); (F.A.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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High Efficiency of the Removal Process of Pb(II) and Cu(II) Ions with the Use of Fly Ash from Incineration of Sunflower and Wood Waste Using the CFBC Technology. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14061771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In these research studies, fly ash (SW-FA) resulting from the incineration of sunflower (20%) and wood (80%) waste employing the circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) technology was used to analyze the possibility of removing Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in adsorption processes. Currently, great emphasis is placed on circular economy, zero waste or climate neutrality strategies. The use of low-cost SW-FA waste seems to fit well with pro-ecological, economic and energy-saving trends. Hence, this material was characterized by various techniques, such as granulation analysis, bulk density, SEM-EDX, XRD and XRF analysis, BET, BJH, thermogravimetry, zeta potential, SEM morphology and FT-IR spectrometry. As a result of the conducted research, the factors influencing the effectiveness of the adsorption process, such as adsorbent dosage, initial and equilibrium pH, initial metal concentration and contact time, were analyzed. The maximum removal efficiency were achieved at the level of 99.8% for Pb(II) and 99.6% for Cu(II), respectively. The kinetics analysis and isotherms showed that the pseudo-second-order equation and the Freundlich isotherm models better describe these processes. The experiments proved that SW-FA can act as an appropriate adsorbent for highly effective removal of lead and copper from wastewater and improvement of water quality.
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21
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Lu Q, Zhou XY, Wu YW, Mi TG, Liu J, Hu B. Migration and transformation of lead species over CaO surface in municipal solid waste incineration fly Ash: A DFT study. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:59-67. [PMID: 33285374 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants generated from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration are mainly concentrated in the fly ash, among which lead species have received considerable attention due to their high content and biotoxicity. CaO is an active component in fly ash to adsorb heavy metal species. In this study, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the migration and transformation mechanisms of lead species over the CaO (100) surface were investigated by calculating the adsorption configurations, energies, and electronic structures, etc. The results indicate that the adsorption of lead species over the CaO (100) surface is dominated by chemisorption, and PbCl2 molecule exhibits a stronger affinity to the CaO surface than Pb0. The dissociation of HCl molecule on the CaO (100) surface facilitates the adsorption and chemical reactivity of lead species. The chlorination of Pb0 to PbCl2 is a two-stage route. In the first stage, two HCl molecules are exothermically adsorbed on the surface without an energy barrier, and Pb0 is directly bonded to the active Cl atom, which is controlled by the Eley-Rideal mechanism. In the second stage, PbCl intermediate bonds with another Cl atom over the surface to form the PbCl2 molecule, following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, which is also the rate-determining step. Compared with the homogeneous chlorination, CaO catalyzes the heterogeneous process to greatly reduce the oxidation energy barrier and promotes the formation of PbCl2. Consequently, CaO is able to accelerate the lead enrichment in fly ash, which is favorable for lead species purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xin-Yue Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Teng-Ge Mi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ji Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Ondrasek G, Kranjčec F, Filipović L, Filipović V, Bubalo Kovačić M, Badovinac IJ, Peter R, Petravić M, Macan J, Rengel Z. Biomass bottom ash & dolomite similarly ameliorate an acidic low-nutrient soil, improve phytonutrition and growth, but increase Cd accumulation in radish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141902. [PMID: 33207459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
One of negative side-effects of usage of bio-renewables might be generation of mineral (ash) material, potential source of environmental pollution. A hypothesis was that bottom ash (BA; from biomass cogeneration facility) could be efficiently (re) used in soil chemical conditioning similarly to widely-used dolomite-based soil conditioner (DO; from Croatian Dinaric-coastal region) which we tested by: i) physicochemical characterisation of BA and DO, and ii) bioassay with Raphanus sativus cultivated in acidic soil amended with BA or DO. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) confirmed complex chemical/physical structures and morphology between amendments, X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed their distinctive mineralogy with predominantly dolomite (in DO) vs. quartz and calcite (in BA), while secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) revealed their diverse elemental/isotopic composition. The BA or DO amendments ameliorated soil acidity, increased available P, K and most other nutrients, but not Cd. The BA or DO amendments improved vegetative growth and edible hypocotyl yield. However, both amendments also increased Cd accumulation in all radish tissues, which was unexpected given the alkaline matrix of bio-ash and dolomite that would be likely to facilitate retention and immobilisation of toxic Cd. Thus, thorough characterisation and evaluation of BA- and/or DO-based materials and relevant soils (with an emphasis on metal sorption/immobilisation) prior to application in (agro) ecosystems is crucial for producing food clean of toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrijel Ondrasek
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Filip Kranjčec
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Filipović
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vilim Filipović
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Bubalo Kovačić
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Robert Peter
- The University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, R. Matejcic 2, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mladen Petravić
- The University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, R. Matejcic 2, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jelena Macan
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zed Rengel
- The University of Western Australia, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Stirling Highway 35, Perth, W., Australia; Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, Split, Croatia
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Waste Wood Fly Ash Treatment in Switzerland: Effects of Co-Processing with Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste on Cr(VI) Reduction and Heavy Metal Recovery. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In Switzerland, waste wood fly ash (WWFA) must be treated before deposition on landfills due to its high pollutant load (Cr(VI) and heavy metals). Acid fly ash leaching, the process used for heavy metal recovery from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA), represents a possible treatment for heavy metal depletion and Cr(VI) reduction in WWFA. The co-processing of WWFA with MSWIFA during acid fly ash leaching was investigated in laboratory- and industrial-scale experiments with different setups. Of interest were the effects on heavy metal recovery efficiency, the successful outcome of Cr(VI) reduction and consumption of neutralizing chemicals (HCl, H2O2). Detailed chemical and mineralogical characterization of two WWFA types and MSWIFA showed that MSWIFA has higher concentrations in potentially harmful elements than WWFA. However, both WWFA types showed high concentrations in Pb and Cr(VI), and therefore need treatment prior to deposition. Depending on the waste wood proportion and quality, WWFA showed chemical and mineralogical differences that affect leaching behavior. In all experimental setups, successful Cr(VI) reduction was achieved. However, WWFA showed higher consumption of HCl and H2O2, the latter resulting in a particularly negative effect on the recovery of Pb and Cu. Thus, co-processing of smaller WWFA portions could be expedient in order to diminish the negative effects of Pb and Cu recovery.
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A Mineral By-Product from Gasification of Poultry Feathers for Removing Cd from Highly Contaminated Synthetic Wastewater. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10121048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ash from poultry feather gasification was investigated as an adsorbent for Cd removal from synthetic wastewater under a range of operational conditions: initial pH (2–8) and salinity (8–38 mS/cm) of wastewater, ash dosage (2.5–50 g/L), Cd concentration (25–800 mg/L) and contact time (5–720 min). The ash was highly alkaline and had low surface area and micropores averaging 1.12 nm in diameter. Chemical/mineralogical analysis revealed a high content of P2O5 (39.9 wt %) and CaO (35.5 wt %), and the presence of calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and calcium. It contained only trace amounts of heavy metals, BTEX, PAHs and PCBs, making it a safe mineral by-product. Cd adsorption was described best with Langmuir and pseudo-second order models. At pH 5, an ash dosage of 5 g/L, 40 min contact time and 100 mg Cd/L, 99% of Cd was removed from wastewater. The salinity did not affect Cd sorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd was very high (126.6 mg/g). Surface precipitation was the main mechanism of Cd removal, possibly accompanied by ion exchange between Cd and Ca, coprecipitation of Cd with Ca-mineral components and Cd complexation with phosphate surface sites. Poultry ash effectively removes high concentrations of toxic Cd from wastewater.
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25
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Tamuli KJ, Sahoo RK, Bordoloi M. Biocatalytic green alternative to existing hazardous reaction media: synthesis of chalcone and flavone derivatives via the Claisen–Schmidt reaction at room temperature. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03839c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, two novel agro-food waste products from banana peels were used to synthesize chalcone and flavone derivatives at room temperature under solvent free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap J. Tamuli
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology
- Jorhat
- India
| | - Ranjan K. Sahoo
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology
- Jorhat
- India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology
- Jorhat
- India
- Department of Chemistry
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