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Belli TJ, Dalbosco V, Bassin JP, Lunelli K, Costa RED, Lapolli FR. Treatment of azo dye-containing wastewater in a combined UASB-EMBR system: Performance evaluation and membrane fouling study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121701. [PMID: 38968882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the treatment of azo dye-containing wastewater in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor combined with an electro-membrane bioreactor (EMBR). Current densities of 20 A m-2 and electric current exposure mode of 6'ON/30'OFF were applied to compare the performance of the EMBR to a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR). The results showed that dye (Drimaren Red CL-7B) removal occurred predominantly in the UASB reactor, which accounted for 57% of the total dye removal achieved by the combined system. When the MBR was assisted by electrocoagulation, the overall azo dye removal efficiency increased from 60.5 to 67.1%. Electrocoagulation batch tests revealed that higher decolorization rates could be obtained with a current density of 50 A m-2. Over the entire experimental period, the combined UASB-EMBR system exhibited excellent performance in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N removal, with average efficiencies above 97%, while PO43--P was only consistently removed when the electrocoagulation was used. Likewise, a consistent reduction in the absorption spectrum of aromatic amines was observed when the MBR was electrochemically assisted. In addition to improving the pollutants removal, the use of electrocoagulation reduced the membrane fouling rate by 68% (0.25-0.08 kPa d-1), while requiring additional energy consumption and operational costs of 1.12 kWh m-3 and 0.32 USD m-3, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the combined UASB-EMBR system emerges as a promising technological approach for textile wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago José Belli
- Civil Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, ZIP 89140-000, Ibirama, SC, Brazil.
| | - Vlade Dalbosco
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, ZIP 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karina Lunelli
- Civil Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, ZIP 89140-000, Ibirama, SC, Brazil
| | - Rayra Emanuelly da Costa
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, ZIP 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio Rubens Lapolli
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, ZIP 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Ni L, Wang P, Westerhoff P, Luo J, Wang K, Wang Y. Mechanisms and Strategies of Advanced Oxidation Processes for Membrane Fouling Control in MBRs: Membrane-Foulant Removal versus Mixed-Liquor Improvement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11213-11235. [PMID: 38885125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are well-established and widely utilized technologies with substantial large-scale plants around the world for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. Despite their widespread adoption, membrane fouling presents a significant impediment to the broader application of MBRs, necessitating ongoing research and development of effective antifouling strategies. As highly promising, efficient, and environmentally friendly chemical methods for water and wastewater treatment, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have demonstrated exceptional competence in the degradation of pollutants and inactivation of bacteria in aqueous environments, exhibiting considerable potential in controlling membrane fouling in MBRs through direct membrane foulant removal (MFR) and indirect mixed-liquor improvement (MLI). Recent proliferation of research on AOPs-based antifouling technologies has catalyzed revolutionary advancements in traditional antifouling methods in MBRs, shedding new light on antifouling mechanisms. To keep pace with the rapid evolution of MBRs, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive summary and discussion of the antifouling advances of AOPs in MBRs, particularly with a focus on understanding the realizing pathways of MFR and MLI. In this critical review, we emphasize the superiority and feasibility of implementing AOPs-based antifouling technologies in MBRs. Moreover, we systematically overview antifouling mechanisms and strategies, such as membrane modification and cleaning for MFR, as well as pretreatment and in-situ treatment for MLI, based on specific AOPs including electrochemical oxidation, photocatalysis, Fenton, and ozonation. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for selecting antifouling strategies (MFR or MLI) in MBRs, along with proposed regulatory measures for specific AOPs-based technologies according to the operational conditions and energy consumption of MBRs. Finally, we highlight future research prospects rooted in the existing application challenges of AOPs in MBRs, including low antifouling efficiency, elevated additional costs, production of metal sludge, and potential damage to polymeric membranes. The fundamental insights presented in this review aim to elevate research interest and ignite innovative thinking regarding the design, improvement, and deployment of AOPs-based antifouling approaches in MBRs, thereby advancing the extensive utilization of membrane-separation technology in the field of wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
| | - Kaichong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Zhang R, Hao L, Cheng K, Xin B, Sun J, Guo J. Research progress of electrically-enhanced membrane bioreactor (EMBR) in pollutants removal and membrane fouling alleviation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138791. [PMID: 37105306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor (MBR), as a biological unit for wastewater treatment, has been proven to have the advantages of simple structure and high pollutant removal rate. However, membrane fouling limits its wide application, and it is crucial to adopt effective membrane fouling control methods. As a new type of membrane fouling control technology, electrically-enhanced MBR (EMBR) has attracted more interest recently. It uses the driving force of electric field to make pollutants flocculate or move away from the membrane surface to achieve the purpose of inhibiting membrane fouling. This paper expounds the configuration of EMBR in recent years, including the location of membrane components, the way of electric field application and the selection of electrode and membrane materials, and provides the latest development information in various aspects. The enhanced effect of electric field on the removal of comprehensive and refractory pollutants is outlined in detail. And from the perspective of sludge properties (EPS, SMP, sludge particle size, zeta potential and microbial activity), the influence of electric field on sludge characteristics and the relationship between the changes of sludge properties in EMBR and membrane fouling are discussed. Moreover, the electrochemical mechanisms of electric field alleviating membrane fouling are elucidated from electrophoresis, electrostatic repulsion, electroflocculation, electroosmosis, and electrochemical oxidation, and the regeneration and stability of EMBR are assessed. The existing challenges and future research directions are also proposed. This review could provide theoretical guidance and further studies for subsequent topic, and promoting the wide engineering applications of EMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Liying Hao
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Kai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Beiyu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Junqi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
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Yadav RK, Das S, Patil SA. Are integrated bioelectrochemical technologies feasible for wastewater management? Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:484-496. [PMID: 36192248 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The need for sustainable technological solutions for wastewater management at different scales has led to the emergence of several promising integrated bioelectrochemical technologies in the past decade. A thorough assessment of these technologies is imperative to understand their practical implementation feasibility and to identify the key challenges to prioritise the research and development work. Our multicriteria-based assessment reveals that the integrated technologies are efficient for wastewater treatment in terms of normalised land footprint [(0.31-1.39 m2/population equivalent (PE))] - and energy consumption (0.18-1.49 kWH/m3) as compared to the conventional biotechnologies, and suggests that they have potential for real-world application. Specifying the boundaries according to their treatment capabilities and scale-up potential besides niche application sites or geographical locations is required to expedite their transition to the real-world wastewater management sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K Yadav
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS, Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sovik Das
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS, Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India; Present address: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil A Patil
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS, Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India.
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Belli TJ, Bassin JP, de Sousa Vidal CM, Hassemer MEN, Rodrigues C, Lapolli FR. Effects of solid retention time and exposure mode to electric current on Remazol Brilliant Violet removal in an electro-membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58412-58427. [PMID: 36991202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance of an electrochemically assisted anoxic-oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O-eMBR) was assessed as an alternative for azo dye (Remazol Brilhant Violet (RBV)) removal from simulated textile wastewater. The A/O-eMBR was operated under three experimental conditions (runs I, II, and III), in which different solids retention time (SRT) (45 and 20 d) and exposure mode to electric current (6'ON/30'OFF and 6'ON/12'OFF) were assessed. The reactor exhibited excellent decolorization performance for all runs, with average dye removal efficiency ranging from 94.3 to 98.2%. Activity batch assays showed that the dye removal rate (DRR) decreased from 16.8 to 10.2 mg RBV L-1 h-1 when the SRT was reduced from 45 to 20 d, likely attributed to the lower biomass content under lower sludge age. At the electric current exposure mode of 6' ON/12'OFF, a more substantial decrease of DRR to 1.5 mg RBV L-1 h-1 was noticed, suggesting a possible inhibitory effect on dye removal via biodegradation. By reducing the SRT to 20 d, a worse mixed liquor filterability condition was observed, with a membrane fouling rate (MFR) of 0.979 kPa d-1. In contrast, using the electric current exposure mode of 6'ON/12'OFF resulted in lower membrane fouling propensity, with an MFR of 0.333 kPa d-1. A more attractive cost-benefit ratio for dye removal was obtained using the exposure mode of 6'ON/30'OFF, for which the energy demand was estimated at 21.9-22.6 kWh kg dye-1 removed, almost two times lower than that observed for the mode of 6'ON/12'OFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago José Belli
- Civil Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, Ibirama, SC, ZIP 89140-000, Brazil.
| | - João Paulo Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Carlos Magno de Sousa Vidal
- Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Department, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), PR 153, Km 07, Riozinho, P.O. Box 21, Irati, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliza Nagel Hassemer
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianópolis, SC, ZIP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rodrigues
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianópolis, SC, ZIP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Flávio Rubens Lapolli
- Environmental Engineering Program, PPGEA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianópolis, SC, ZIP 88040-900, Brazil
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Synergistic Effect of Alternating Current-based Electric and Acoustic Fields on Flux Recovery in Crossflow Microfiltration of Synthetic Wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Vatanpour V, Ağtaş M, Abdelrahman AM, Erşahin ME, Ozgun H, Koyuncu I. Nanomaterials in membrane bioreactors: Recent progresses, challenges, and potentials. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134930. [PMID: 35568222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials (NMs) in the fabrication and modification of membranes as well as the coupling of nanomaterial-based processes with membrane processes have been attracted many researchers today. The NMs due to a wide range of types, different chemistry, the possibility of various kinds of functionality, different properties like antibacterial activity, hydrophilicity, and large surface area were applied to enhance the membrane properties. In the membrane bioreactors (MBRs) as a highly successful process of membrane technology in wastewater treatment, the NMs have been applied for improving the efficiency of MBR process. This review assessed the application of NMs both as the modifiers of membrane and as the effective part of hybrid techniques with MBR system for wastewater treatment. The efficiency of NMs blended membranes in the MBR process has been reviewed in terms of antifouling and antibacterial improvement and removal performance of the pollutants. Novel kinds of NMs were recognized and discussed based on their properties and advantages. The NMs-based photocatalytic and electrochemical processes integrated with MBR were reviewed with their benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the effect of the presence of mobilized NPs in the sludge on MBR performance was surveyed. As a result of this review, it can be concluded that nanomaterials generally improve MBR performance. The high flux and antifouling properties can be obtained by adding nanomaterials with hydrophilic and antibacterial properties to the membrane, and further studies are required for photocatalytic NMs applications. In addition, this review shows that the low amounts of NMs in the membrane structure could have an effective influence on the MBR process. Besides, since many studies in the literature are carried out at the laboratory scale, it is thought that pilot and real-scale studies should be carried out to obtain more reliable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Vatanpour
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, 15719-14911, Iran; Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Ağtaş
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amr Mustafa Abdelrahman
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Evren Erşahin
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hale Ozgun
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Hashemi T, Mehrnia MR, Ghezelgheshlaghi S. Influence of alumina nanoparticles on the performance of polyacrylonitrile membranes in MBR. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:375-384. [PMID: 35669801 PMCID: PMC9163238 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of using Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) in membrane structure on the operation condition of the membrane bioreactor. To this end, alumina NPs as the high hydrophilic agents with an approximate size of 40 nm and a concentration of 0-3 wt.% were placed within the PAN polymeric membrane matrix structure with high hydrophilicity and high mechanical resistance over the others via the phase inversion method. Characterization of synthesized nanocomposite membranes was carried out by SEM analysis. In the presence of the alumina NPs, the porosity of the membranes improved. The water contact angle measurement confirmed the superior hydrophilicity of mixed PAN membranes compared to the pure polymeric membranes. The best nanocomposite membrane with better antifouling properties was selected to evaluate the MBR's performance in wastewater treatment and assessed in terms of the resistance, flux recovery, and COD removal rates. The result of a comparison with pure membrane showed that by increasing the Al2O3 amount up to 2wt.%, irreversible fouling resistance mitigated as much as 50%. Moreover, the flux recovery ratio was increased by 15%, and the COD removal rate was also raised as large as 16%. Our investigation illustrated that the presence of alumina NPs has improved the MBR performance and decreased the irreversible fouling resistance of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Targol Hashemi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-45, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mehrnia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-45, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghezelgheshlaghi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-45, Tehran, Iran
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The Biological Performance of a Novel Electrokinetic-Assisted Membrane Photobioreactor (EK-MPBR) for Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060587. [PMID: 35736294 PMCID: PMC9228305 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing an effective phycoremediation system, especially by utilizing microalgae, could provide a valuable approach in wastewater treatment for simultaneous nutrient removal and biomass generation, which would help control environmental pollution. This research aims to study the impact of low-voltage direct current (DC) application on Chlorella vulgaris properties and the removal efficiency of nutrients (N and P) in a novel electrokinetic-assisted membrane photobioreactor (EK-MPBR) in treating synthetic municipal wastewater. Two membrane photobioreactors ran in parallel for 49 days with and without an applied electric field (current density: 0.261 A/m2). Mixed liquid suspended soils (MLSS) concentration, chemical oxygen demand (COD), floc morphology, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) removals were measured during the experiments. The results showed that EK-MPBR achieved biomass production comparable to the control MPBR. In EK-MPBR, an over 97% reduction in phosphate concentration was achieved compared to 41% removal in the control MPBR. The control MPBR outperformed the nitrogen removal of EK-MPBR (68% compared to 43% removal). Induced DC electric field led to lower pH, lower zeta potential, and smaller particle sizes in the EK-MPBR as compared with MPBR. The results of this novel study investigating the incorporation of Chlorella vulgar is in an electrokinetic-assisted membrane photobioreactor indicate that this is a promising technology for wastewater treatment.
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Mahlangu OT, Motsa MM, Nkambule TI, Mamba BB. Rejection of trace organic compounds by membrane processes: mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2021-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This work critically reviews the application of various membrane separation processes (MSPs) in treating water polluted with trace organic compounds (TOrCs) paying attention to nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), membrane bioreactor (MBR), forward osmosis (FO), and membrane distillation (MD). Furthermore, the focus is on loopholes that exist when investigating mechanisms through which membranes reject/retain TOrCs, with the emphasis on the characteristics of the model TOrCs which would facilitate the identification of all the potential mechanisms of rejection. An explanation is also given as to why it is important to investigate rejection using real water samples, especially when aiming for industrial application of membranes with novel materials. MSPs such as NF and RO are prone to fouling which often leads to lower permeate flux and solute rejection, presumably due to cake-enhanced concentration polarisation (CECP) effects. This review demonstrates why CECP effects are not always the reason behind the observed decline in the rejection of TOrCs by fouled membranes. To mitigate for fouling, researchers have often modified the membrane surfaces by incorporating nanoparticles. This review also attempts to explain why nano-engineered membranes have not seen a breakthrough at industrial scale. Finally, insight is provided into the possibility of harnessing solar and wind energy to drive energy intensive MSPs. Focus is also paid into how low-grade energy could be stored and applied to recover diluted draw solutions in FO mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oranso T. Mahlangu
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Machawe M. Motsa
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Thabo I. Nkambule
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Bhekie B. Mamba
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
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11
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Zhang X, Park H, Park YJ, Lee K, Yu H, Shin JH, Choo KH. Photolytic quorum quenching effects on the microbial communities and functional gene expressions in membrane bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152017. [PMID: 34852249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photolytic quorum quenching by ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation is an effective strategy for controlling membrane bioreactor (MBR) biofouling; however, its effects on MBR microbial communities and functional genes have not yet been explored. Here, we report on the effects of the UVA irradiation, which mitigates membrane biofouling, on the microbial community structures, alpha and beta diversities, and functional gene expressions in the MBR mixed liquor and biocake (membrane fouling layer) for the first time. The results show that the microbial communities become less diversified when alternating UVA is applied to the MBRs. The changes in the community structure are highly influenced by spatiotemporal factors, such as microbial habitats (mixed liquor and biocake) and reactor operation time, although UVA irradiation also has some impacts on the community. The relative abundance of the Sphingomonadaceae family, which can decompose the furan ring of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signal molecules, becomes greater with continuous UVA irradiation. Xanthomonadaceae, which produces biofilm-degrading enzymes, is also more abundant with UVA photolysis than without it. Copies of monooxygenase and hydroxylase enzyme-related genes increase in the MBR with longer UVA exposures (i.e., continuous UVA). These enzymes seem to be inducible by UVA, enhancing the AI-2 inactivation. In conclusion, UVA irradiation alters the microbial community and the metabolism in the MBR, contributing to the membrane biofouling mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Hyeona Park
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Jun Park
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibaek Lee
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Huarong Yu
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Farsani MH, Yengejeh RJ, Mirzahosseini AH, Monavari M, Hassani AH, Mengelizadeh N. Effective leachate treatment by a pilot-scale submerged electro-membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:9218-9231. [PMID: 34494194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most landfill leachates contain organic compounds that cannot be easily separated by conventional biological processes. Recently, integration of membrane bioreactors and electro-oxidation has been proposed as a suitable option for the treatment and separation of organic and inorganic contaminants in leachate. Therefore, in the present study, the performance of submerged electro-membrane bioreactor (SEMBR) along with a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR) on a pilot scale was evaluated for the treatment of leachate. Both bioreactors were used to compare treatment efficiency under the same conditions. The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), phosphate (PO43--P), color, UV254, and metals were investigated. The results showed that applying electric current to the MBR could approximately increase the COD removal efficiency from 94 to 98.5%; PO43--P removal from 70 to 99%; NH3+-N removal from 91 to 99%; UV254 removal from 80 to 96%; and heavy metals removal from 40 to 95%. Humic acid removal efficiency as another indicator of humic substances was increased from 75% in the MBR to 96% in the SEMBR process. The results also showed that the effluent can be introduced into the wastewater treatment plant for further treatment. The SEMBR process achieved a minimization of fouling of membranes compared to conventional MBR. The consumption of the energy and electrode was in accordance with the previous results, and the required energy of 1.57 kWh/m3 of wastewater was calculated. The sludge volume index (SVI) in SEMBR (105 ml/g) was better than MBR (135 ml/g) due to the electrokinetic effect on the production of denser flocs. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the application of electric current can improve the performance of MBR in removing PO43-, NH4+, and membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidari Farsani
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Monavari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hessam Hassani
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nezamaddin Mengelizadeh
- Research Center of Health, Safety and Environment, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Evaz Faculty of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
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13
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Microbial Fuel Cell United with Other Existing Technologies for Enhanced Power Generation and Efficient Wastewater Treatment. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112210777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the world is experiencing an energy crisis due to extensive globalization and industrialization. Most of the sources of renewable energy are getting depleted, and thus, there is an urge to locate alternative routes to produce energy efficiently. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a favorable technology that utilizes electroactive microorganisms acting as a biocatalyst at the anode compartment converting organic matter present in sewage water for bioelectricity production and simultaneously treating wastewater. However, there are certain limitations with a typical stand-alone MFC for efficient energy recovery and its practical implementation, including low power output and high cost associated with treatment. There are various modifications carried out on MFC for eliminating the limitations of a stand-alone MFC. Examples of such modification include integration of microbial fuel cell with capacitive deionization technology, forward osmosis technology, anaerobic digester, and constructed wetland technology. This review describes various integrated MFC systems along with their potential application on an industrial scale for wastewater treatment, biofuel generation, and energy production. As a result, such integration of MFCs with existing systems is urgently needed to address the cost, fouling, durability, and sustainability-related issues of MFCs while also improving the grade of treatment received by effluent.
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Shen Y, Badireddy AR. A Critical Review on Electric Field-Assisted Membrane Processes: Implications for Fouling Control, Water Recovery, and Future Prospects. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110820. [PMID: 34832048 PMCID: PMC8618152 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrofiltration, an electric field-assisted membrane process, has been a research topic of growing popularity due to its ability to improve membrane performance by providing in situ antifouling conditions in a membrane system. The number of reports on electrofiltration have increased exponentially over the past two decades. These reports explored many innovations, such as novel configurations of an electric field, engineered membrane materials, and interesting designs of foulant compositions and membrane modules. Recent electrofiltration literature focused mainly on compiling results without a comprehensive comparative analysis across different works. The main objective of this critical review is to, first, organize, compare and contrast the results across various electrofiltration studies; second, discuss various types of mechanisms that could be incorporated into electrofiltration and their effect on membrane system performance; third, characterize electrofiltration phenomenon; fourth, interpret the effects of various operational conditions on the performance of electrofiltration; fifth, evaluate the state-of-the-art knowledge associated with modeling efforts in electrofiltration; sixth, discuss the energy costs related to the implementation of electrofiltration; and finally, identify the current knowledge gaps that hinder the transition of the lab-scale observations to industry-scale electrofiltration as well as the future prospects of electrofiltration.
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15
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Current advances in treatment technologies for removal of emerging contaminants from water – A critical review. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Asif MB, Ren B, Li C, He K, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Understanding the role of in-situ ozonation in Fe(II)-dosed membrane bioreactor (MBR) for membrane fouling mitigation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Zhang Y, Wu D, Su Y, Xie B. Occurrence, influence and removal strategies of mycotoxins, antibiotics and microplastics in anaerobic digestion treating food waste and co-digestive biosolids: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124987. [PMID: 33757678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Food waste anaerobic digestion (FWAD) can be assisted with the co-digestion of manures, agricultural waste, and sewage sludge. Nevertheless, contaminants like mycotoxins, antibiotics, and microplastics (MPs) could be introduced and negatively affect the AD system. Over 180 literatures involved the occurrence, influence and removal strategies of these three types of pollutants in AD were summarized in this review. Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) as the most concerned mycotoxins were poorly degraded and brought about inhibitions in short-term. Considering methanogenesis inhibition and occurrence concentration, the risk of oxytetracycline and norfloxacin were identified as priority among antibiotics. Leaching toxic additives from MPs could be responsible for the AD inhibition, while their materials and sizes could also prolong the acidification and methanation processes in FWAD. Strategies of bioaugmentation technologies and bioreactors to enhance the removal were suggested. Perspectives were provided for a better understanding of the fates of reviewed contaminants and their elimination in FWAD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yinglong Su
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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18
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A review of the current in-situ fouling control strategies in MBR: Biological versus physicochemical. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Ying XB, Huang JJ, Shen DS, Feng HJ, Jia YF, Guo QQ. Fouling behaviors are different at various negative potentials in electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactors with conductive ceramic membranes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143199. [PMID: 33234267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling remains a critical challenge to the practical application of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). To address this challenge, a conductive ceramic membrane was prepared for fouling control in AnMBR. By using the conductive membranes, the anti-fouling performances were enhanced about 3 times at potentials below -1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl compared to the conventional AnMBR. The particle size distributions and the electric field calculations suggest that such an enhancement was mainly attributed to the increased particle sizes of foulants in the supernatant and the electric field forces. Moreover, the scanning electron microscope and confocal laser scanning microscope results show that the conductive membrane at -1.0 V could increase the porosity of the gel layer on the surface, whereas the conductive membrane at -2.0 V could inhibit the activity of adhering bacteria. Surprisingly, membrane fouling of electrically-assisted AnMBR (AnEMBR) at -0.5 V was increased, which was attributed to a dense biofilm-like structure formation. Such a result is contrary to the conventional cognition that negative potential could mitigate the membrane fouling. Overall, this work supplements the understanding of the anti-fouling effects of the electric field in AnEMBR, and provides supplementary information for the engineering application of AnEMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Bin Ying
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Dong-Sheng Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrument Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Hua-Jun Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Instrument Analysis Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China.
| | - Yu-Feng Jia
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, PR China
| | - Qiao-Qi Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
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20
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Rout PR, Zhang TC, Bhunia P, Surampalli RY. Treatment technologies for emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment plants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141990. [PMID: 32889321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The "emerging contaminants" (ECs) are predominantly unregulated anthropogenic chemicals that occur in air, soil, water, food, and human/animal tissues in trace concentrations. The ECs are persistent in the environment, capable of perturbing the physiology of target receptors and, therefore, are regarded as contaminants of emerging environmental concerns in recent years. The prominent classes of ECs include pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs), surfactants, plasticizers, pesticides, fire retardants, and nanomaterials. Some of the ECs with harmful effects on endocrine systems have been recognized as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Since the 1990s intensive research has been done covering environmental occurrence, fate, ecological effects, and treatment technologies of ECs. However, a comprehensive summary of the EC removal techniques, particularly in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are limited. Though the WWTPs are inefficient when it comes to ECs removal, they act as primary barriers against the spread of ECs. Therefore, this paper reviews the treatment technologies currently engaged for ECs removal in WWTPs for further possible upgrades of the existing designs. Results of this review indicate that the fate and distribution of ECs can be approximately estimated based on physicochemical properties like octanol-water partitioning coefficient (e.g., log KOW > 4, maximum sorption potential) and solid-water distribution coefficient [e.g., Kd < 300-500 L/kg MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids), insignificant sorption into sludge]. Biodegradation potential of ECs can be predicted from biodegradation constant values (e.g., Kbio < 0.01 = low biodegradation and >10 = high biodegradation). In WWTPs, the EC removal efficiency varies in the range of 20-50%, 30-70%, and >90% during the primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment steps, respectively. Tertiary treatment technologies are considered as the most suitable alternatives for ECs treatment, but complete ECs removal is yet to be achieved. Further advancements in the treatment technologies will unquestionably be necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prangya R Rout
- Environmental Engineering, INHA University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Puspendu Bhunia
- Departement of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rao Y Surampalli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; Global Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Kansas, USA.
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21
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Asif MB, Li C, Ren B, Maqbool T, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Elucidating the impacts of intermittent in-situ ozonation in a ceramic membrane bioreactor: Micropollutant removal, microbial community evolution and fouling mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123730. [PMID: 33254762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, impacts of in-situ ozonation applied directly in the membrane tank of a ceramic MBR (Oz-MBR) were assessed to elucidate its implications on micropollutant removal, microbial taxa and membrane fouling. The basic effluent quality (i.e., bulk organics and nutrients) of the MBR without and with in-situ ozonation was comparable. Importantly, pollutant-specific (10-26%) improvement in micropollutant removal was achieved by the Oz-MBR, which could be attributed to the increase in the abundance of microbial taxa responsible for the removal of structurally complex pollutants and/or ozone-assisted oxidation. In-situ ozonation affected the abundance of denitrifying bacteria and functional genes but total nitrogen removal by the Oz-MBR was comparable to that achieved by the control (C)-MBR. Improved mixed liquor properties, and the reduced accumulation of foulants on the membrane surface resulted in membrane fouling alleviation (53%) in the Oz-MBR. In addition, fouling models evaluated for the first time in the case of Oz-MBR indicated that the cake-complete model was suitable to explain membrane fouling mechanism. This comprehensive study demonstrates the performance of MBR coupled with in-situ ozonation, and the obtained results would serve as a useful reference for its implementation at pilot- and/or full-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Asif
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chengyue Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Baoyu Ren
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xihui Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhenghua Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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22
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Asif MB, Ren B, Li C, Maqbool T, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Powdered activated carbon - Membrane bioreactor (PAC-MBR): Impacts of high PAC concentration on micropollutant removal and microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141090. [PMID: 32758744 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of a high concentration of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on pollutant removal and microbial communities was systematically investigated. Micropollutant removal by the 'control' MBR (without PAC addition) was pollutant-specific and was mainly controlled by their molecular properties. The PAC-MBR achieved enhanced removal of micropollutant by 10% (ofloxacin) to 40% (caffeine). Analysis of the microbial communities in the sludge samples collected from both MBRs indicated an increase in the abundance of 24 (out of 31) genera following PAC addition. Notably, bacterial diversity enriched, particularly in the anoxic zone of the PAC-MBR, indicating a positive impact of recirculating mixed liquor containing PAC from the aerobic to the anoxic zone. In addition, PAC improved the abundance of Comamonas and Methanomethylovorans (up to 2.5%) that can degrade recalcitrant micropollutants. According to the quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, the copies of functional genes (nirS, nosZ and narG) increased in PAC-MBR. This study demonstrated that MBR could be operated at a high PAC concentration without compromising the pollutant removal and microbial community evolution during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Asif
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Baoyu Ren
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chengyue Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xihui Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenghua Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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