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Fang C, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Naidu R. Microplastics or micro-bioplastics released by wrinkling paper cup. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174123. [PMID: 38908597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Paper cups have been widely used such as in the fast-food industry for drinking and are generally made of disposable material. To make the paper cup waterproof and prevent leakage, a thin layer of plastic such as polylactic acid (PLA) is commonly coated onto the inner wall surface. This plastic layer can potentially release debris as microplastics, particularly when the cup is wrinkled/crumpled to break and peel off the coating layer, which is tested herein. Using scanning electron microscope (SEM), the broken coating layer can be clearly observed. We then identify the coating material as plastic using mass and Raman spectra. We further employ Raman imaging to identify the released and fallen down debris as microplastics. We cross-check Raman image with SEM image to benefit each other and increase the analysis certainty, because Raman imaging can identify plastic via hyper spectrum to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, while SEM can visualise plastic with a high resolution down to micro-/nano- size. We then employ particle analysis algorithm to estimate the release amount, at approximate 180 microplastic/wrinkle, or micro-bioplastic if considering the main material of PLA as a bioplastic. Overall, we should not wrinkle the paper cup to avoid the potential release of microplastics or micro-bioplastics particularly before and during the drinking process, and the characterisation in this report might be helpful for further research on microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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2
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Uaciquete D, Mitsunaga K, Aoyama K, Kitajima K, Chiba T, Jamal DL, Jiang JJ, Horie Y. Microplastic abundance in the semi-enclosed Osaka Bay, Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34444-x. [PMID: 39078549 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic particles in sea surface water of the semi-enclosed Osaka Bay were identified using stereomicroscopy, classified according to polymer type using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and categorized according to their physical characteristics. A total of 565.1 particles were detected in the water samples. However, plastic particles accounted for only 22.4% of the particles. Microplastic abundance in Osaka Bay showed seasonal variance from 8.9 ± 1.4 (in May) to 22.8 ± 6.5 particles/L (in July), which is consistent with previous reports in other semi-enclosed bays. Microplastics were mainly fragmented and fiber shaped, with gray and colorless/white coloration. The dominant polymer types were polypropylene, poly(methylmethacrylate), polyester, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. Generally, there were considerably higher abundances of microplastics at offshore sites compared with nearshore sites. The results of this study suggest that local river effluents and marine-related activities are probable sources of microplastics in Osaka Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas Uaciquete
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-Machi, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Kensuke Mitsunaga
- Faculty of Maritime Science, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-Machi, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Katsumi Aoyama
- Faculty of Maritime Science, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-Machi, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kitajima
- Faculty of Maritime Science, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-Machi, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Takashi Chiba
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582, Bunkyodai Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Daud Liace Jamal
- Eduardo Mondlane University, Av. Julius Nyerere, Nr, 3453, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jheng-Jie Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yoshifumi Horie
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-Machi, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan.
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Choudhury TR, Riad S, Uddin FJ, Maksud MA, Alam MA, Chowdhury AMS, Mubin AN, Islam ARMT, Malafaia G. Microplastics in multi-environmental compartments: Research advances, media, and global management scenarios. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 265:104379. [PMID: 38851130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
During the past decades, microplastics (MPs) have become an emerging concern due to their persistence and potential environmental threat. MP pollution has become so drastic that it has been found in the human food chain, breast milk, polar regions, and even the Himalayan basin, lake, etc. Inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, vascular occlusions, increased coagulability and blood cell cytotoxicity, disruption of immune function, neurotoxicity, and neurodegenerative diseases can all be brought on by severe microplastic exposure. Although many MPs studies have been performed on single environmental compartments, MPs in multi-environmental compartments have yet to be explored fully. This review aims to summarize the muti-environmental media, detection tools, and global management scenarios of MPs. The study revealed that MPs could significantly alter C flow through the soil-plant system, the structure and metabolic status of the microbial community, soil pH value, biomass of plant shoots and roots, chlorophyll, leaf C and N contents, and root N contents. This review reveals that MPs may negatively affect many C-dependent soil functions. Different methods have been developed to detect the MPs from these various environmental sources, including microscopic observation, density separation, Raman, and FT-IR analysis. Several articles have focused on MPs in individual environmental sources with a developed evaluation technique. This review revealed the extensive impacts of MPs on soil-plant systems, microbial communities, and soil functions, especially on water, suggesting possible disturbances to vital ecological processes. Furthermore, the broad range of detection methods explored emphasizes the significance of reliable analytical techniques in precisely evaluating levels of MP contamination in various environmental media. This paper critically discusses MPs' sources, occurrences, and global management scenarios in all possible environmental media and ecological health impacts. Future research opportunities and required sustainable strategies have also been suggested from Bangladesh and international perspectives based on challenges faced due to MP's pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasrina Rabia Choudhury
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Syed Riad
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Foyez Jalal Uddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M A Maksud
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Abbas Alam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Bangladesh Accreditation Board, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Al-Nure Mubin
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Sharma S, Bhardwaj A, Thakur M, Saini A. Understanding microplastic pollution of marine ecosystem: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41402-41445. [PMID: 37442935 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are emerging as prominent pollutants across the globe. Oceans are becoming major sinks for these pollutants, and their presence is widespread in coastal regions, oceanic surface waters, water column, and sediments. Studies have revealed that microplastics cause serious threats to the marine ecosystem as well as human beings. In the past few years, many research efforts have focused on studying different aspects relating to microplastic pollution of the oceans. This review summarizes sources, migration routes, and ill effects of marine microplastic pollution along with various conventional as well as advanced methods for microplastics analysis and control. However, various knowledge gaps in detection and analysis require attention in order to understand the sources and transport of microplastics, which is critical to deploying mitigation strategies at appropriate locations. Advanced removal methods and an integrated approach are necessary, including government policies and stringent regulations to control the release of plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and Business Management, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aprajita Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and Business Management, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Monika Thakur
- Department of Microbiology, Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and Business Management, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anita Saini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Ilechukwu I, Das RR, Jamodiong EA, Borghi S, Manzano GG, Hakim AA, Reimer JD. Abundance and distribution of marine litter on the beaches of Okinawa Island, Japan. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116036. [PMID: 38237260 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the distribution and abundance of marine litter on 30 beaches around Okinawa Island, Japan. Beach quality indices and multivariate statistical analyses were used to assess the quality of the beaches and their pollution patterns. A total of 11,626 items weighing 513.49 kg with an average density of 0.13 ± 0.10 items/m2 were collected. Litter was dominated by plastics (81.72 %), broken glass (8.38 %), and cigarette butts (7.44 %), and 74.05 % of total litter was from land-based sources. Single-use plastics (SUPs) were present in all surveyed beaches and made up 30.54 % of the total litter. The clean coast index (CCI), plastic abundance index (PAI), and hazardous index (HI) were between 0.1 and 7.6, 0.1-4.0 and 0.01-1.42, respectively, indicating low to moderate levels of pollution of Okinawan beaches. This study should aid in the formation of strategies to deal with marine litter in Okinawa, other areas of Japan and the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifenna Ilechukwu
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan.
| | - Rocktim Ramen Das
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan
| | - Emmeline A Jamodiong
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan
| | - Stefano Borghi
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan
| | - Geminne G Manzano
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan
| | - Agus Alim Hakim
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan; Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, JI. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia
| | - James Davis Reimer
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan; Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan
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6
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Alomar C, Rios-Fuster B, Cefalì ME, Fagiano V, Deudero S. Monitoring microplastics in coastal waters of a biosphere reserve: a case study in Menorca (Spain). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:882-894. [PMID: 38032531 PMCID: PMC10789676 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides with evidence of the presence of sea surface microplastics in a UNESCO marine biosphere reserve: the island of Menorca in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. From a total of 90 samples, in 100% of the samples, microplastics were observed with a mean value of 0.18 ± 0.01 items/m2. According to data, no significant differences were observed for sampling period with very similar values between 2021 (0.17 ± 0.02 items/m2) and 2022 (0.18 ± 0.02 items/m2). However, significant differences were observed regarding sampling area (both site and locality) suggesting that sea surface plastics in the study area might be more dependent of the spatial scale rather than on the temporal scale. Fibre type microplastics predominated over fragments, films, pellets, and foams, but in the commercial Port de Maó, almost 50% of the identified items were foams which could be related to the transportation of packed goods to this port. Results from the model applied to study the relation between waste management indicators and microplastic abundance indicate that when considering all marine litter categories, the explanatory variables are plastic waste generated by residents population (tonnes/year/km2) and waste collection rate (%), whereas if only plastics are considered, the indicator regarding waste per capita (kg/hab/year) is also included. Data in this study is obtained through a harmonized protocol which can be used to define baseline and threshold values to evaluate good environmental status regarding descriptor 10 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Alomar
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente S/N, 07015, Palma, Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Rios-Fuster
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente S/N, 07015, Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Cefalì
- Estació d'Investigació Jaume Ferrer, La Mola, Centro Oceanogràfico de Baleares, IEO-CSIC, PO Box 502, 07701, Mao, Menorca, Spain
| | - Valentina Fagiano
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente S/N, 07015, Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Salud Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente S/N, 07015, Palma, Mallorca, Spain
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Praveen Kamath P, Sil S, Truong VG, Nic Chormaic S. Particle trapping with optical nanofibers: a review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:6172-6189. [PMID: 38420322 PMCID: PMC10898553 DOI: 10.1364/boe.503146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Optical trapping has proven to be an efficient method to control particles, including biological cells, single biological macromolecules, colloidal microparticles, and nanoparticles. Multiple types of particles have been successfully trapped, leading to various applications of optical tweezers ranging from biomedical through physics to material sciences. However, precise manipulation of particles with complex composition or of sizes down to nanometer-scales can be difficult with conventional optical tweezers, and an alternative manipulation tool is desirable. Optical nanofibers, that is, fibers with a waist diameter smaller than the propagating wavelength of light, are ideal candidates for optical manipulation due to their large evanescent field that extends beyond the fiber surface. They have the added advantages of being easily connected to a fibered experimental setup, being simple to fabricate, and providing strong electric field confinement and intense magnitude of evanescent fields at the nanofiber's surface. Many different particles have been trapped, rotated, transported, and assembled with such a system. This article reviews particle trapping using optical nanofibers and highlights some challenges and future potentials of this developing topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramitha Praveen Kamath
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Souvik Sil
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Viet Giang Truong
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Harris LST, Phan S, DiMarco D, Padilla-Gamiño JL, Luscombe C, Carrington E. Microparticles in marine mussels at regional and localized scales across the Salish Sea, Washington. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115609. [PMID: 37806012 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Microparticles (MP; particles <5 mm) are ubiquitous in marine environments. Understanding MP concentrations at different spatial scales in the Salish Sea, Washington, USA, can provide insight into how ecologically and economically important species may be affected. We collected mussels across the Salish Sea at regional and localized scales, chemically processed tissue to assess MP contamination, and used visual and chemical analyses for particle identification. Throughout the Salish Sea, mussel MP concentrations averaged 0.75 ± 0.09 MP g-1 wet tissue. At a regional scale, we identified slight differences in concentrations and morphotypes of MP while at a localized scale these metrics were not significant and did not differ from controls. In a subset of particles, 20 % were identified as synthetic materials, which include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and nylon. Differences in MP sources, heterogeneous transport of MP, and distinct shellfish feeding mechanisms may contribute to plastic contamination patterns in the Salish Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyda S T Harris
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA, USA.
| | - Samantha Phan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA; pi-Conjugated Polymers Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | | | - Jacqueline L Padilla-Gamiño
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Christine Luscombe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA; pi-Conjugated Polymers Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Emily Carrington
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA, USA
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Mishra A, Mohan Viswanathan P, Ramasamy N, Panchatcharam S, Sabarathinam C. Spatiotemporal distribution of microplastics in Miri coastal area, NW Borneo: inference from a periodical observation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:103225-103243. [PMID: 37688695 PMCID: PMC10567912 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the Miri coast, targeting their occurrences, characterisation, and potential sources. For a periodical study, coastal sediments were collected from three different time intervals (monsoon, post-monsoon, and post-COVID) and subjected to stereomicroscope, ATR-FTIR, and SEM-EDX analyses. These results show a significant increase of MPs in post-COVID samples by approximately 218% and 148% comparatively with monsoon and post-monsoon samples, respectively. The highest concentration of MPs was detected near the river mouths and industrial areas where the waste discharge rate and anthropogenic activities dominate. Fibre-type MPs are the most abundant, with an average of nearly 64%, followed by fragments, films, microbeads, and foams. The most dominant polymer types were polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyester (PET). Overall, the current study shows a better understanding of MPs occurrence and potential sources in the Miri coastal area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Mishra
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Nagarajan Ramasamy
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Astel AM, Piskuła P. Application of Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision Tools to Improve the Morphological Analysis of Microplastic Items in Biological Samples. TOXICS 2023; 11:779. [PMID: 37755788 PMCID: PMC10537546 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Since, in many routine analytical laboratories, a stereomicroscope coupled with a digital camera is not equipped with advanced software enabling automatic detection of features of observed objects, in the present study, a procedure of feature detection using open-source software was proposed and validated. Within the framework of applying microscopic expertise coupled with image analysis, a set of digital images of microplastic (MP) items identified in organs of fish was used to determine shape descriptors (such as length, width, item area, etc.). The edge points required to compute shape characteristics were set manually in digital images acquired by the camera coupled with a binocular, and respective values were computed via the use of built-in MotiConnect software. As an alternative, a new approach consisting of digital image thresholding, binarization, the use of connected-component labeling, and the computation of shape descriptors on a pixel level via using the functions available in an OpenCV library or self-written in C++ was proposed. Overall, 74.4% of the images were suitable for thresholding without any additional pretreatment. A significant correlation was obtained between the shape descriptors computed by the software and computed using the proposed approach. The range of correlation coefficients at a very high level of significance, according to the pair of correlated measures, was higher than 0.69. The length of fibers can be satisfactorily approximated using a value of half the length of the outer perimeter (r higher than 0.75). Compactness and circularity significantly differ for particles and fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Maria Astel
- Environmental Chemistry Research Unit, Institute of Geography, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, 22a Arciszewskiego Str., 76-200 Słupsk, Poland;
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Raju MP, Veerasingam S, Suneel V, Saha M, Rathore C, Naik A, Suneetha P, Ramakrishna SSVS. Seasonal variation and spatial distribution of microplastic pellets and their associated contaminants along the central east coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68489-68503. [PMID: 37126173 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pellets (MPPs) are one of the significant sources of plastic pollution on shorelines worldwide. In this study, for the first time, we have examined the occurrence of MPPs and their spatial and seasonal distributions, adsorbed contaminants, polymer composition, and ecological risks at eight renowned beaches of Andhra Pradesh, central east coast of India. A total of 3950 MPPs were collected from eight beaches along the central east coast of India during October 2020, representing pre-northeast monsoon (pNEM), and during January 2021, representing the northeast monsoon (NEM). The abundance of MPPs was higher during the NEM than those found in the pNEM. ATR-FTIR and SEM analyses were conducted to characterize the polymer types and weathering patterns of MPPs. Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) results show the MPP adsorbance of heavy metals such as Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The degree of contamination and polymer hazard risks of MPPs were assessed using the pollution load index (PLI) and polymer hazard index (PHI). The conducive wind and currents during the NEM lead to higher MPP abundance than during the pNEM. However, the spatial variations of MPPs showed significant differences among the beaches. This study revealed that the presence of MPPs on the beaches along the central east coast of India might pose a considerable polymer hazard risk to the ecosystem. The substantial surface weathering features of MPPs would lead to more toxic nanoplastics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallela Pruthvi Raju
- Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| | | | - Vasimalla Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
| | - Pilli Suneetha
- Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
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12
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Nikhil VG, Ranjeet K, Varghese GK. Spatio-temporal evaluation and risk assessment of microplastics in nearshore surface waters post-2018 Kerala deluge along the southwest coast of India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115058. [PMID: 37210987 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics along the nearshore surface waters of Kerala after the floods of 2018 was studied. Results indicated a seven-fold increase in its mean concentration (7.14 ± 3.03 items/m3) post deluge. The average abundance was highest during pre-monsoon (8.27 ± 3.09 items/m3). Fibres were the dominant group, with blue and black being the most prevalent colours. Polyethylene and polypropylene were the most commonly found polymers, possibly gaining entry through sewage waste or land-based plastic litter. Highest abundance of microplastic was recorded off Kochi categorising it at Hazard Level I under Pollution Load Index assessment. Similarly high levels of Pollution Hazard Index and Potential Ecological Risk Index were also reported due to the presence of hazardous polymers PVC and PU that can cause concern to marine life. The differential weathering pattern and surface morphology analysis suggested microplastics to be relatively old that had undergone substantial mechanical and oxidative weathering.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Nikhil
- Faculty of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India
| | - K Ranjeet
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India.
| | - George K Varghese
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kozhikode, India
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13
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Kye H, Kim J, Ju S, Lee J, Lim C, Yoon Y. Microplastics in water systems: A review of their impacts on the environment and their potential hazards. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14359. [PMID: 36950574 PMCID: PMC10025042 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics, the microscopic plastics, are fragments of any type of plastic that are being produced today as plastic waste originating from anthropogenic activities. Such microplastics are discharged into the environment, and they enter back into the human body through different means. The microplastics spread in the environment due to environmental factors and the inherent properties of microplastics, such as density, hydrophobicity, and recalcitrance, and then eventually enter the water environment. In this study, to better understand the behavior of microplastics in the water environment, an extensive literature review was conducted on the occurrence of microplastics in aquatic environments categorized by seawater, wastewater, and freshwater. We summarized the abundance and distribution of microplastics in the water environment and studied the environmental factors affecting them in detail. In addition, focusing on the sampling and pretreatment processes that can limit the analysis results of microplastics, we discussed in depth the sampling methods, density separation, and organic matter digestion methods for each water environment. Finally, the potential hazards posed by the behavior of aging microplastics, such as adsorption of pollutants or ingestion by aquatic organisms, due to exposure to the environment were also investigated.
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14
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Li X, Chen Y, Zhang S, Dong Y, Pang Q, Lynch I, Xie C, Guo Z, Zhang P. From marine to freshwater environment: A review of the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114564. [PMID: 36682184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been widely detected in the world's water, which may pose a significant threat to the ecosystem as a whole and have been a subject of much attention because their presence impacts seas, lakes, rivers, and even the Polar Regions. There have been numerous studies that report direct adverse effects on marine organisms, but only a few have explored their ecological effects on freshwater organisms. In this field, there is still a lack of a systematic overview of the toxic effects and mechanisms of MPs on aquatic organisms, as well as a consistent understanding of the potential ecological consequences. This review describes the fate and impact on marine and freshwater aquatic organisms. Further, we examine the toxicology of MPs in order to uncover the relationship between aquatic organism responses to MPs and ecological disorders. In addition, an overview of the factors that may affect the toxicity effects of MPs on aquatic organisms was presented along with a brief examination of their identification and characterization. MPs were discussed in terms of their physicochemical properties in relation to their toxicological concerns regarding their bioavailability and environmental impact. This paper focuses on the progress of the toxicological studies of MPs on aquatic organisms (bacteria, algae, Daphnia, and fish, etc.) of different trophic levels, and explores its toxic mechanism, such as behavioral alternations, metabolism disorders, immune response, and poses a threat to the composition and stability of the ecosystem. We also review the main factors affecting the toxicity of MPs to aquatic organisms, including direct factors (polymer types, sizes, shapes, surface chemistry, etc.) and indirect factors (persistent organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, additives, and monomer, etc.), and the future research trends of MPs ecotoxicology are also pointed out. The findings of this study will be helpful in guiding future marine and freshwater rubbish studies and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Chen
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuling Dong
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Iseult Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Changjian Xie
- School of life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiling Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; School of Geography, Earth and & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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15
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Lamichhane G, Acharya A, Marahatha R, Modi B, Paudel R, Adhikari A, Raut BK, Aryal S, Parajuli N. Microplastics in environment: global concern, challenges, and controlling measures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : IJEST 2023; 20:4673-4694. [PMID: 35638092 PMCID: PMC9135010 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-022-04261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution in various forms has emerged as the most severe environmental threat. Small plastic chunks, such as microplastics and nanoplastics derived from primary and secondary sources, are a major concern worldwide due to their adverse effects on the environment and public health. Several years have been spent developing robust spectroscopic techniques that should be considered top-notch; however, researchers are still trying to find efficient and straightforward methods for the analysis of microplastics but have yet to develop a viable solution. Because of the small size of these degraded plastics, they have been found in various species, from human brains to blood and digestive systems. Several pollution-controlling methods have been tested in recent years, and these methods are prominent and need to be developed. Bacterial degradation, sunlight-driven photocatalyst, fuels, and biodegradable plastics could be game-changers in future research on plastic pollution control. However, recent fledgling steps in controlling methods appear insufficient due to widespread contamination. As a result, proper regulation of environmental microplastics is a significant challenge, and the most equitable way to manage plastic pollution. Therefore, this paper discusses the current state of microplastics, some novel and well-known identification techniques, strategies for overcoming microplastic effects, and needed solutions to mitigate this planetary pollution. This review article, we believe, will fill a void in the field of plastic identification and pollution mitigation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Lamichhane
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
| | - A. Acharya
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - R. Marahatha
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
| | - B. Modi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
| | - R. Paudel
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
| | - A. Adhikari
- Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - B. K. Raut
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
| | - S. Aryal
- Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - N. Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44618 Nepal
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16
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Bharmoria P, Edhborg F, Bildirir H, Sasaki Y, Ghasemi S, Mårtensson A, Yanai N, Kimizuka N, Albinsson B, Börjesson K, Moth-Poulsen K. Recyclable optical bioplastics platform for solid state red light harvesting via triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:21279-21290. [PMID: 36325268 PMCID: PMC9578683 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta04810h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable photonics applications of solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) are limited by a small UC spectral window, low UC efficiency in air, and non-recyclability of polymeric materials used. In a step to overcome these issues, we have developed new recyclable TTA-UC bioplastics by encapsulating TTA-UC chromophores liquid inside the semicrystalline gelatin films showing broad-spectrum upconversion (red/far-red to blue) with high UC efficiency in air. For this, we synthesized a new anionic annihilator, sodium-TIPS-anthracene-2-sulfonate (TIPS-AnS), that combined with red/far-red sensitizers (PdTPBP/Os(m-peptpy)2(TFSI)2), a liquid surfactant Triton X-100 reduced (TXr) and protein gelatin (G) formed red/far-red to blue TTA-UC bioplastic films just by air drying of their aqueous solutions. The G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP film showed record red to blue (633 to 478 nm) TTA-UC quantum yield of 8.5% in air. The high UC quantum yield has been obtained due to the fluidity of dispersed TXr containing chromophores and oxygen blockage by gelatin fibers that allowed efficient diffusion of triplet excited chromophores. Further, the G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-Os(m-peptpy)2(TFSI)2 bioplastic film displayed far-red to blue (700-730 nm to 478 nm) TTA-UC, demonstrating broad-spectrum photon harvesting. Finally, we demonstrated the recycling of G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP bioplastics by developing a downstream approach that gives new directions for designing future recyclable photonics bioplastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bharmoria
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edhborg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Hakan Bildirir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Yoichi Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shima Ghasemi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Anders Mårtensson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Bo Albinsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Kemivägen 10 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra Barcelona, 08193 Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research & Advanced Studies, ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona Spain
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17
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Liu D, Zheng Y, Chen L, Wen D. Prevalence of small-sized microplastics in coastal sediments detected by multipoint confocal micro-Raman spectrum scanning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154741. [PMID: 35339562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become global emerging issue and received widespread attention in recent years. Due to their chemical persistence, plastic particles can be broken into smaller items but accumulated for long time in the environment like sediment. However, limited by current detection technologies, the distribution and characteristics of small-sized microplastics in coastal sediment remain uncertain. In this study, we established a new method based on micro-Raman spectroscopy for detecting small-sized microplastics, namely multipoint confocal micro-Raman spectrum scanning (MCmRSS). The MCmRSS was first applied in detecting microplastics in the sediment samples collected from three bays of the East China Sea. The minimum size of microplastics was 4 μm and average microplastics concentration was 91 ± 55 items /g dry weight sediment, with fragment and polyethylene as the most common shape and polymer type, respectively. The spatial variation of microplastics was in accordance with the strength of coastal human activities and marine dynamics. In all the microplastic items, the small-sized ones (<10 μm) accounted for 67%; and the relationship between microplastic concentration and its size followed a power-exponential equation. Compared with previous studies, the number of microplastics in coastal sediments detected by the MCmRSS increased by 2 orders of magnitude, which was benefited from the advantages of multipoint scanning in the fixed identification areas and high resolution of micro-Raman spectrum. Our findings would summon the re-evaluation of the potential risks of small-sized microplastics in the coastal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhan Zheng
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lyujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Donghui Wen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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18
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Nguyen NT, Nhon NTT, Hai HTN, Chi NDT, Hien TT. Characteristics of Microplastics and Their Affiliated PAHs in Surface Water in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122450. [PMID: 35746030 PMCID: PMC9230152 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has become a worldwide concern. However, studies on the distribution of microplastics (MPs) from inland water to the ocean and their affiliated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are still limited in Vietnam. In this study, we investigated the distribution of MPs and PAHs associated with MPs in canals, Saigon River, and Can Gio Sea. MPs were found at all sites, with the highest average abundance of MPs being 104.17 ± 162.44 pieces/m3 in canals, followed by 2.08 ± 2.22 pieces/m3 in the sea, and 0.60 ± 0.38 pieces/m3 in the river. Fragment, fiber, and granule were three common shapes, and each shape was dominant in one sampling area. White was the most common MP color at all sites. A total of 13 polymers and co-polymers were confirmed, and polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate were the three dominant polymers. The total concentration of MPs-affiliated PAHs ranged from 232.71 to 6448.66, from 30.94 to 8940.99, and from 432.95 to 3267.88 ng/g in Can Gio sea, canals, and Saigon River, respectively. Petrogenic sources were suggested as a major source of PAHs associated with MPs in Can Gio Sea, whereas those found in Saigon River and canals were from both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thao Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.); (N.T.T.N.); (H.T.N.H.); (N.D.T.C.)
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhon
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.); (N.T.T.N.); (H.T.N.H.); (N.D.T.C.)
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ho Truong Nam Hai
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.); (N.T.T.N.); (H.T.N.H.); (N.D.T.C.)
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Doan Thien Chi
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.); (N.T.T.N.); (H.T.N.H.); (N.D.T.C.)
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - To Thi Hien
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.); (N.T.T.N.); (H.T.N.H.); (N.D.T.C.)
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-976000621
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19
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F M Santana M, Kroon FJ, van Herwerden L, Vamvounis G, Motti CA. An assessment workflow to recover microplastics from complex biological matrices. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113676. [PMID: 35500374 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A criteria-guided workflow was applied to assess the effectiveness of microplastic separation methods on complex marine biological matrices. Efficacy of four methods (nitric acid, HNO3, and potassium hydroxide, KOH, digestions, and sodium chloride, NaCl, and potassium iodide, KI, density flotations) was evaluated on four taxa (hard coral, sponge, sea squirt, sea cucumber) using five microplastics (polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, PET, polyvinylchloride, rayon). Matrix clarification was only unacceptably low for KOH. PET discoloured regardless of reagent. Rayon threads unravelled into monofilaments after exposure to all reagents, with discolouration also occurring with HNO3. Recovery rates were overall high, except for dense microplastics treated with NaCl and only KI yielded high rayon recovery efficiency. All polymers were accurately assigned, with subtle spectral changes observed. These results demonstrate specific limitations to separation methods applied to different biological matrices and microplastics and highlight the need to assess their suitability to provide estimates of microplastic contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina F M Santana
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University (JCU), Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
| | - Frederieke J Kroon
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Lynne van Herwerden
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University (JCU), Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - George Vamvounis
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University (JCU), Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Cherie A Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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20
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Marangoni LFB, Beraud E, Ferrier-Pagès C. Polystyrene nanoplastics impair the photosynthetic capacities of Symbiodiniaceae and promote coral bleaching. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152136. [PMID: 34921886 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reef-building corals are increasingly threatened by global and regional stresses, which affect the stability of the coral-Symbiodiniaceae association. Among them, plastic pollution has been an ongoing and growing concern. Whereas several studies have highlighted the detrimental impact of microplastics (0.1 μm-5 mm) on corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellate algae, the physiological changes induced by nanoplastic (NP, <0.1 μm) pollution are still poorly known. Long-term experiments (4 weeks) were conducted to investigate the effects of ecologically relevant NP concentrations (0 to 0.5 mg/L of 20 nm polystyrene NPs) on two Symbiodiniaceae in culture [CCMP2467 or Clade A1 and pd44b or Clade F1]. The effects of 0.5 mg/L NPs were also evaluated on Clade A1 living in symbiosis with the coral Stylophora pistillata, to assess the in hospite effects of NPs on coral symbionts. The photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II, the oxidative status of the Symbiodiniaceae and the coral host, as well as the host-symbiont stability were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Symbiodiniaceae in culture exhibited a significant decrease in the maximal electron transport rate (ETRmax) at NP concentrations as low as 0.005 mg/L, highlighting an impairment of the photosynthetic capacities of the dinoflagellates in presence of nanoplastics. Also, Clade A1 exhibited a significant decrease in its Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and an increase in Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), which evidence oxidative stress and cellular damage. Interestingly, Clade A1 in hospite did not show any signs of oxidative stress, however, the coral host exhibited increased TAC and LPO. Additionally, exposure of S. pistillata to 0.5 mg/L NPs induced significant bleaching (loss of symbionts and photosynthetic pigments). Overall, NPs were detrimental for both the Symbiodiniaceae in culture and the host-symbiont association. In the future, the persistence of reef corals may be severely impacted by the cumulative effects of nanoplastic pollution along with global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura F B Marangoni
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Coral Ecophysiology Team, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000, Monaco; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Ciudad de Panamá, 0843-03092, Panama.
| | - Eric Beraud
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Coral Ecophysiology Team, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000, Monaco
| | - Christine Ferrier-Pagès
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Coral Ecophysiology Team, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000, Monaco
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21
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Gulizia AM, Brodie E, Daumuller R, Bloom SB, Corbett T, Santana MMF, Motti CA, Vamvounis G. Evaluating the Effect of Chemical Digestion Treatments on Polystyrene Microplastics: Recommended Updates to Chemical Digestion Protocols. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Gulizia
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Eve Brodie
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Renee Daumuller
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Sarah B. Bloom
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Tayla Corbett
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Marina M. F. Santana
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) Townsville QLD 4810 Australia
| | - Cherie A. Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) Townsville QLD 4810 Australia
| | - George Vamvounis
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
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22
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Pashaei R, Dzingelevičienė R, Abbasi S, Szultka-Młyńska M, Buszewski B. Determination of the pharmaceuticals-nano/microplastics in aquatic systems by analytical and instrumental methods. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:93. [PMID: 35028740 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles as emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment are a subject of increasing concern in terms of the effect on water sources and marine organisms. There is lack of information about pharmaceutical-nanoplastic and pharmaceutical-microplastic mixtures. The present study aimed to investigate the fate and effect of pharmaceutical residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles, the results of combinations of pharmaceutical residues with nanoplastic and microplastic particles, and toxic effects of pharmaceutical residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles. Moreover, the objective was also to introduce analytical methods for pharmaceuticals, along with instrumental techniques for nanoplastic and microplastic particles in aquatic environments and organisms. PhAC alone can affect marine environments and aquatic organisms. When pharmaceutical residues combine with nanoplastic and microplastic particles, the rate of toxicity increases, and the result of this phenomenon constitutes this kind of pollutant in wastewater. Hence, the rate of mortality in organisms enhances. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pharmaceuticals residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles, and a mixture of pharmaceutical residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles in aquatic biota. Another object was survey methods for recognizing pharmaceutical residues and nanoplastic and microplastic particles. The findings show that pharmaceutical residues in organisms caused cell structure damage, inflammatory response, and nerve cell apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of microplastic particles in the human food chain and their impact on human health. Moreover, this review aims to present an innovative methodology based on comprehensive analytical techniques used to determine and identify pharmaceuticals adsorbed on nano- and microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. Finally, this review addresses the knowledge gaps and provides insights into future research strategies to better understand their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Pashaei
- Marine Research Institute of Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.
| | | | - Sajjad Abbasi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Boguslaw Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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23
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Lin CT, Chiu MC, Kuo MH. A Mini-Review of Strategies for Quantifying Anthropogenic Activities in Microplastic Studies in Aquatic Environments. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14010198. [PMID: 35012220 PMCID: PMC8747264 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is no longer neglected worldwide, as recent studies have unveiled its potential harm to ecosystems and, even worse, to human health. Numerous studies have documented the ubiquity of microplastics, reflecting the necessity of formulating corresponding policies to mitigate the accumulation of microplastics in natural environments. Although anthropogenic activities are generally acknowledged as the primary source of microplastics, a robust approach to identify sources of microplastics is needed to provide scientific suggestions for practical policymaking. This review elucidates recent microplastic studies on various approaches for quantifying or reflecting the degree to which anthropogenic activities contribute to microplastic pollution. Population density (i.e., often used to quantify anthropogenic activities) was not always significantly correlated with microplastic abundance. Furthermore, this review argues that considering potential sources near sample sites as characteristics that may serve to predict the spatial distribution of microplastics in aquatic environments is equivocal. In this vein, a watershed-scale measure that uses land-cover datasets to calculate different percentages of land use in the watershed margins delineated by using Geographic Information System (GIS) software is discussed and suggested. Progress in strategies for quantifying anthropogenic activities is important for guiding future microplastic research and developing effective management policies to prevent microplastic contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
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