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Jordán F, Capelli G, Primicerio R, Hidas A, Fábián V, Patonai K, Bodini A. Spatial food webs in the Barents Sea: atlantification and the reorganization of the trophic structure. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230164. [PMID: 39034707 PMCID: PMC11293864 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change affects ecosystems at several levels: by altering the spatial distribution of individual species, by locally rewiring interspecific interactions, and by reorganizing trophic networks at larger scales. The dynamics of marine food webs are becoming more and more sensitive to spatial processes and connections in the seascape. As a case study, we study the atlantification of the Barents Sea: we compare spatio-temporal subsystems at three levels: the identity of key organisms, critically important interactions and the entire food web. Network analysis offers quantitative measurements, including centrality indices, trophic similarity indices, a topological measure of interaction asymmetry and network-level measures. We found that atlantification alters the identity of key species (boreal demersals becoming hubs), results in strongly asymmetric interactions (dominated by haddock), changes the dominant regulation regime (from bottom-up to wasp-waist control) and makes the food web less modular. Since the results of food web analysis may be quite sensitive to network construction, the aggregation of food web data was explicitly studied to increase the robustness of food web analysis. We found that an alternative, mathematical aggregation algorithm better preserves some network properties (e.g. density) of the original, unaggregated network than the biologically inspired aggregation into functional groups. This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Jordán
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma43124, Italy
- KeyNode Research Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Greta Capelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma43124, Italy
- Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, TromsoN-9037, Norway
| | - Raul Primicerio
- Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, TromsoN-9037, Norway
| | - András Hidas
- KeyNode Research Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest1113, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest1053, Hungary
| | | | - Katalin Patonai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, MontréalH2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Antonio Bodini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma43124, Italy
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Jeevanandam J, Rodrigues J. Sustainable synthesis of bionanomaterials using non-native plant extracts for maintaining ecological balance: A computational bibliography analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120892. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
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Jeevanandam J, Rodrigues J. Sustainable synthesis of bionanomaterials using non-native plant extracts for maintaining ecological balance: A computational bibliography analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120892. [PMID: 38663082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Biological approaches via biomolecular extracts of bacteria, fungi, or plants have recently been introduced as an alternative approach to synthesizing less or nontoxic nanomaterials, compared to conventional physical and chemical approaches. Among these biological methods, plant-mediated approaches (phytosynthesis) are reported to be highly beneficial for large-scale, nontoxic nanomaterial synthesis. However, plant-mediated synthesis of nanomaterials using native plant extract can lead to bioprospecting issues and deforestation challenges. On the other hand, non-native or invasive plants are non-indigenous to a particular geographic location that can grow and spread rapidly, ultimately disrupting the local and endogenous plant communities or ecosystems. Thus, controlling or eradicating these non-native plants before they damage the ecosystem is necessary. Even though mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches are available to control non-native plants, all these methods possess certain limitations, such as environmental toxicity, disturbance in the nutrient cycle, and loss of genetic integrity. Therefore, non-native plants were recently proposed as a novel sustainable source of phytochemicals for preparing nanomaterials via green chemistry, mainly metallic nanoparticles, as an alternative to native, agriculture-based, or medicinal plants. This work aims to cover a literature gap on plant-mediated bionanomaterial synthesis with an overview and bibliography analysis of non-native plants via novel data mining and advanced visualization tools. In addition, the potential of non-native plants as a sustainable, green chemistry-based alternative for bionanomaterial preparation for maintaining ecological balance, the mechanism of formation via phytochemicals, and their possible applications to promote their control and spread were also discussed. The bibliography analysis revealed that only an average of 4 articles have been published in the last 10 years (2013-2023) on non-native/invasive plants for nanomaterial synthesis, which shows the significance of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal.
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Bosch-Belmar M, Milanese M, Sarà A, Mobilia V, Sarà G. Effect of Acute Thermal Stress Exposure on Ecophysiological Traits of the Mediterranean Sponge Chondrilla nucula: Implications for Climate Change. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:9. [PMID: 38248440 PMCID: PMC10813260 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As a result of climate change, the Mediterranean Sea has been exposed to an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heat waves in the last decades, some of which caused mass mortality events of benthic invertebrates, including sponges. Sponges are an important component of benthic ecosystems and can be the dominant group in some rocky shallow-water areas in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we exposed the common shallow-water Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula (Demospongiae: Chondrillidae) to six different temperatures for 24 h, ranging from temperatures experienced in the field during the year (15, 19, 22, 26, and 28 °C) to above normal temperatures (32 °C) and metabolic traits (respiration and clearance rate) were measured. Both respiration and clearance rates were affected by temperature. Respiration rates increased at higher temperatures but were similar between the 26 and 32 °C treatments. Clearance rates decreased at temperatures >26 °C, indicating a drop in food intake that was not reflected by respiration rates. This decline in feeding, while maintaining high respiration rates, may indicate a negative energy balance that could affect this species under chronic or repeated thermal stress exposure. C. nucula will probably be a vulnerable species under climate change conditions, affecting its metabolic performance, ecological functioning and the ecosystem services it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Bosch-Belmar
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Martina Milanese
- Studio Associato Gaia, Piazza della Vittoria 15/23, 16121 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonio Sarà
- Studio Associato Gaia, Piazza della Vittoria 15/23, 16121 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Valeria Mobilia
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
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Berlino M, Sarà G, Mangano MC. Functional Trait-Based Evidence of Microplastic Effects on Aquatic Species. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:811. [PMID: 37372096 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics represent an ever-increasing threat to aquatic organisms. We merged data from two global scale meta-analyses investigating the effect of microplastics on benthic organisms' and fishes' functional traits. Results were compared, allowing differences related to vertebrate and invertebrate habitat, life stage, trophic level, and experimental design to be explored. Functional traits of aquatic organisms were negatively affected. Metabolism, growth, and reproduction of benthic organisms were impacted, and fish behaviour was significantly affected. Responses differed by trophic level, suggesting negative effects on trophic interactions and energy transfer through the trophic web. The experimental design was found to have the most significant impact on results. As microplastics impact an organism's performance, this causes indirect repercussions further up the ecological hierarchy on the ecosystem's stability and functioning, and its associated goods and services are at risk. Standardized methods to generate salient targets and indicators are urgently needed to better inform policy makers and guide mitigation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berlino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (Complesso Roosevelt), 90149 Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - G Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M C Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (Complesso Roosevelt), 90149 Palermo, Italy
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Bosch-Belmar M, Giommi C, Milisenda G, Abbruzzo A, Sarà G. Integrating functional traits into correlative species distribution models to investigate the vulnerability of marine human activities to climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149351. [PMID: 34371417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and particularly warming are significantly impacting marine ecosystems and the services they provided. Temperature, as the main factor driving all biological processes, may influence ectotherms metabolism, thermal tolerance limits and distribution species patterns. The joining action of climate change and local stressors (including the increasing human marine use) may facilitate the spread of non-indigenous and native outbreak forming species, leading to associated economic consequences for marine coastal economies. Marine aquaculture is one among the most economic anthropogenic activities threatened by multiple stressors and in turn, by increasing hard artificial substrates at sea would facilitate the expansion of these problematic organisms and face negative consequences regarding facilities management and farmed organisms' welfare. Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are considered powerful tools for forecasting the future occurrences and distributions of problematic species used to preventively aware stakeholders. In the current study, we propose the use of combined correlative SDMs and mechanistic models, based on individual thermal performance curve models calculated through non-linear least squares regression and Bayesian statistics (functional-SDM), as an ecological relevant tool to increase our ability to investigate the potential indirect effect of climate change on the distributions of harmful species for human activities at sea, taking aquaculture as a food productive example and the benthic cnidarian Pennaria disticha (one of the most pernicious fouling species in aquaculture) as model species. Our combined approach was able to improve the prediction ability of both mechanistic and correlative models to get more ecologically informed "whole" niche of the studied species. Incorporating the mechanistic links between the organisms' functional traits and their environments into SDMs through the use of a Bayesian functional-SDM approach would be a useful and reliable tool in early warning ecological systems, risk assessment and management actions focused on important economic activities and natural ecosystems conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Bosch-Belmar
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Giommi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CRIMAC, Calabria Marine Centre, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Giacomo Milisenda
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Sicily Marine Center, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Antonino Abbruzzo
- Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Sarà G, Milisenda G, Mangano MC, Bosch-Belmar M. The buffer effect of canopy-forming algae on vermetid reefs' functioning: A multiple stressor case study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112713. [PMID: 34252735 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity plays a key role for our planet by buffering ongoing and future changes in environmental conditions. We tested if canopy-forming algae enhancing biodiversity (CEB) in a Mediterranean intertidal reef ecological community could alleviate the effect of stressors (heat waves and pollution from sewage) on community metabolic rates (as expressed by oxygen consumption) used as a proxy of community functioning. CEB exerted a buffering effect related to the properties of stressor: physical-pulsing (heat wave) and chronic-trophic (sewage). After a simulated heat wave, CEB was effective in buffering the impacts of detrimental temperatures on the functioning of the community. In reefs exposed to chronic sewage effluents, benefits derived from CEB were less evident, which is likely due to the stressor's contextual action. The results support the hypothesis that ecological responses depend on stressor typology acting at local level and provide insights for improving management measures to mitigate anthropogenic disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Sarà
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Milisenda
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Dipartimento Ecologia Marina Integrata, Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90142 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Dipartimento Ecologia Marina Integrata, Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90142 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mar Bosch-Belmar
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Berlino M, Mangano MC, De Vittor C, Sarà G. Effects of microplastics on the functional traits of aquatic benthic organisms: A global-scale meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117174. [PMID: 33957511 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are widespread in the aquatic environment and thus available for many organisms at different trophic levels. Many scientific papers focus their attention on the study of the effects of microplastics on different species at individual level. Here we performed a global scale meta-analysis focusing our work on the study of the effect of microplastics on the functional traits of aquatic benthic organisms. Overall, microplastics showed a moderate negative effect on the examined functional traits of benthic organisms. Our results show that some crucial functional traits, such as those linked to behaviour and feeding, appear to be unaffected by microplastics. In contrast, traits related to the capacity of organisms to assimilate energy are affected. Moreover, traits with possible effects at population level appear to be negatively affected by microplastics. We discuss how the direct impact of organismal performance may have indirect repercussions at higher levels in the ecological hierarchy and represent a risk for the stability and functioning of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berlino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, via A. Piccard 54, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - M C Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90149, Palermo, Italy.
| | - C De Vittor
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, via A. Piccard 54, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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Monaco CJ, Sangare N, Le Moullac G, Basset C, Belliard C, Mizuno K, Smith DL, Lo-Yat A. Dynamic Energy Budget model suggests feeding constraints and physiological stress in black-lip pearl oysters, 5 years post mass-mortality event. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112329. [PMID: 33862381 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mass-mortality events of marine species can disturb the structure of communities. While identifying the causes of mass-mortality events is crucial for implementing recovery strategies, monitoring is challenging in remote locations. Black-lip pearl oysters (Pinctada margaritifera) are farmed for producing black pearls within remote atolls of French Polynesia. Previous mass-mortality events have resulted in the collapse of oysters and other species; however, the causes and conditions that favour recovery are unclear. We investigated the potential for oyster population recovery 5 years after a mortality event at Takaroa Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago). Temperature, food availability (total chlorophyll-a), growth and reproduction were monitored. Growth was also simulated using a Dynamic Energy Budget model. Despite favourable conditions, reduced growth and reproduction signalled an energetic deficit. The model overpredicted growth, and supported the hypotheses that individuals are unable to profit from the phytoplankton available and maintenance costs are high in Takaroa, ultimately explaining their poor physiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián J Monaco
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
| | - Nathanael Sangare
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia; UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD, Université de la Réunion, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Ifremer, CNRS), B.P.A5, 98848 Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Gilles Le Moullac
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Caline Basset
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Corinne Belliard
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Keiichi Mizuno
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | | | - Alain Lo-Yat
- IFREMER, IRD, Institut Louis-Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
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