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Huan C, Wang J, He Y, Liu Y, Tian X, Lyu Q, Wang Z, Ji G, Yan Z. Efficient strategy for employing HN-AD bacterium enhanced biofilter reactors to remove NH 3 and reduce secondary pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135802. [PMID: 39312845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) strain (Paracoccus denitrificans HY-1) was employed in this study to enhance the removal efficiency of NH3 in a biological trickling filter (BTF) reactor. The results demonstrated that inoculation with HY-1 and packed with bamboo charcoal as filler significantly improved the RE of NH3 in BTF, reaching 96.52 % under 27 s of empty bed residence time (EBRT) and 812.56 ppm of inlet gas concentration. Meanwhile, the titer of NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N in the circulating fluid were merely 8.52 mg/L, 5.14 mg/L, and 18.07 mg/L, respectively. Microbial community and metabolism analyses revealed that HY-1 have successfully colonized in the BTF, and the high expression of denitrification-related genes (nar, nap, nir, nor and nos) further confirmed that the inoculation of HY-1 greatly improved both nitrification and denitrification metabolism. Furthermore, the biofilter reactor inoculated with HY-1 was applied at a large-scale piggery and exhibited remarkable odor removal effect, in which 99.61 % of NH3 and 96.63 % of H2S were completely eliminated. In general, the HN-AD bacterium could strengthen the performance of BTF reactor and reduce the secondary pollution of circulating fluid during bio-deodorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Huan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710064, PR China; School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710064, PR China
| | - Jialing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yue He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xueping Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhenhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710064, PR China; School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710064, PR China
| | - Gaosheng Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Park J, Heo YJ, Kim DH, Kim YB, Kwon BY, Song JY, Lee KW. Nutritional and physiological responses to dietary phosphorus levels and phytase in pullets and laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103886. [PMID: 38878747 PMCID: PMC11234048 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary available phosphorus (P) levels and dietary phytase added into the very low-P diet on the performance, mineral balance, odor emission, and stress responses in growing pullets and laying hens during 13 to 32 wk of age. One hundred sixty-eight pullets (Hy-Line Brown) were randomly assigned into 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 7 replicates of 6 birds each. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 3 graded P levels at 0.25, 0.35, and 0.45% during 13 to 15 wk (phase 1), 0.25, 0.35, and 0.45% during 16 to 18 wk (phase 2), and 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40% during 19 to 32 wk (phase 3). In addition, dietary phytase (500 FTU/kg matrix values) was added into the very low-P diets (0.20% during 13-15 wk, 0.25% during 16-18 wk, and 0.20% during 19-32 wk) to meet the nutritional adequacy with standard P diets. In all phases, decreasing dietary P levels did not affect (P > 0.05) growth, laying performance, and egg qualities. Decreasing dietary P levels linearly increased the relative duodenal and oviduct weights (P < 0.05), and quadratically increased the relative ovary weight in pullets (P = 0.016). Dietary phytase lowered (P = 0.021) the relative duodenal weight compared with the very low-P diet. Tibia breaking strength and tibia Mg contents in pullets were linearly lowered (P < 0.05) as dietary P levels decreased. Dietary phytase tended to increase (P = 0.091) tibia breaking strength and significantly increased (P = 0.025) tibia Mg content compared with the very low-P diet. Dietary P levels and dietary phytase affected (P < 0.05) ileal crypt depth and ileal villus height: crypt depth ratio in pullets. Decreasing dietary P levels linearly decreased (P < 0.01) crude fat digestibility and P excretion in both pullets and laying hens. Dietary phytase reversed (P < 0.05) the very low-P diet-mediated decrease of crude fat digestibility in pullets and laying hens. Dietary P levels and dietary phytase affected (P < 0.05) odor emission including ammonia in pullets and total volatile fatty acids in laying hens. Finally, lowering dietary P levels increased (P < 0.01) yolk corticosterone concentrations and the increased corticosterone concentration by the very low-P diet was reversed by dietary phytase. Collectively, our study shows that decreasing dietary P levels induced nutritional and physiological responses in pullets and laying hens and these P-mediated negative effects were mitigated by dietary phytase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bhin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Yeon Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yong Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Dai X, Wang L, Man Z, He Y, Wang W, Lin F, Zhu J, Liu D, Xiao H, Wang K. In situ synthesis of porous metal-organic frameworks NH 2-UiO-66 on tea stem biochar and application in odours adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 353:124168. [PMID: 38761878 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Multiple odour nuisance in livestock farming is a notorious problem that has a significant impact on the living environment of surrounding communities. Adsorbents based on metal-organic framework (MOF) materials show great promise for controlling odour pollution, as they offer a high specific surface area, a controllable structure and an abundance of active sites. However, the MOF formation process is prone to problems such as pore clogging or collapse and reduced porosity, which limits its further application. In this study, a series of odour adsorbents were prepared by in situ growth of NH2-UiO-66 on tea stem biochar (TSBC) using a hydrothermal method and named UiO (Zr)-TSBCx. The physical and chemical properties and composition of UiO (Zr)-TSBCx have been systematically characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption and XPS. The release of odours from the pig farm effluent was monitored using in-situ continuous Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS), and the obtained primary compositions were tested for further adsorption. In dynamic adsorption experiments focused on butyric acid, UiO (Zr)-TSBC2 showed a high adsorption capacity of 3.99 × 105 μg/g and exceptional structural stability. UiO (Zr)-TSBC2 showed variable adsorption efficiencies for different odorous gases, with the best performance for the removal of ammonia, toluene and butyric acid. It also demonstrated the ability to rapidly mitigate instantaneous high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methanethiol and toluene resulting from agitation. Additionally, based on the relationship between the adsorption amount and the structural characteristics of the adsorbent as well as the nature of the odours, a possible adsorption mechanism of UiO (Zr)-TSBC2 for a variety of odours released from pig farm effluent was proposed. This work demonstrates a novel approach to promote deodorization applications in livestock and poultry farming environments by the in-situ growth of NH2-UiO-66 on biochar prepared from tea stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Dai
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Leiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo (Beilun) Zhongke Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center, Ningbo, 315800, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zun Man
- Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuxuan He
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo (Beilun) Zhongke Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo (Beilun) Zhongke Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Fangcong Lin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Dezhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo (Beilun) Zhongke Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Wang YC, Lv YH, Wang C, Deng Y, Lin YT, Jiang GY, Hu XR, Crittenden JC. Stochastic processes shape microbial community assembly in biofilters: Hidden role of rare taxa. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130838. [PMID: 38740312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Stochastic and deterministic processes are the major themes governing microbial community assembly; however, their roles in bioreactors are poorly understood. Herein, the mechanisms underlying microbial assembly and the effect of rare taxa were studied in biofilters. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed differences in microbial communities at various stages. Null model analysis showed that stochastic processes shaped the community assembly, and deterministic processes emerged only in the inoculated activated sludge after domestication. This finding indicates the dominant role of stochastic factors (biofilm formation, accumulation, and aging). The Sloan neutral model corroborated the advantages of stochastic processes and mainly attributed these advantages to rare taxa. Cooccurrence networks revealed the importance of rare taxa, which accounted for more than 85% of the keystones. Overall, these results provide good foundations for understanding community assembly, especially the role of rare taxa, and offer theoretical support for future community design and reactor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ya-Hui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guan-Yu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xu-Rui Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute of Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
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Chen X, Duan Z, He F, Wang H, Wu Z. Ag/AgBr-oxygen enriched g-C 3N 4 for efficient photocatalytic degradation of trimethylamine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14068-14079. [PMID: 38686283 PMCID: PMC11057413 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Ag/AgBr-O-gCN samples with ternary Z-type heterojunctions were prepared by in situ photoreduction using water as the reducing agent for generating Ag/AgBr active species and oxygen doping. The experimental results indicated that Ag/AgBr-O-gCN degraded trimethylamine by nearly 100% in half an hour and maintained 90% of its original activity after five cycles. The kinetic constant of Ag/AgBr-O-gCN was excellent at 0.0928 min-1, 3.8 times that of gCN, 2.3 times that of Ag/AgBr-gCN, and 1.9 times that of O-gCN. Unlike Ag/AgBr-gCN photoreduced by methanol, gCN was used as an electron donor in the aqueous solution during the photoreduction process, and oxidation sites between the gCN skeleton and Ag/AgBr were formed for constructing the heterojunction system. The Z-type heterojunction system was established by introducing a suitable size of Ag nanoparticles as the recombination center to keep indirect contact between gCN and AgBr. This effectively reduced the electron-hole recombination rate and caused activity enhancement. This study offers a novel idea for the construction of a ternary heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Feiyang He
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
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Yang GW, Lee H, Kim K, Chun SM, Jeong SY, Jung J, Hong YC. Degradation of dissolved sulfide in water using multi-hole dielectric barrier discharge. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141687. [PMID: 38484990 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Biogas obtained from livestock manure is used as fuel for solid oxide fuel cells. Although H2S is a typical biogas, it is a fatal disadvantage for fuel-cell power generation and, thus, must be removed. In this study, we proposed an effective method for sulfide removal from water using a multi-hole dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system. In this system, active species, such as ozone, ultraviolet rays, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide, were simultaneously generated. Under optimal conditions, dissolved sulfide (initial concentration: 120 mg/L) was completely degraded within 10 min in air plasma and 6 min in oxygen plasma. Changes in the physical properties of the sulfide-treated water were confirmed by measuring the pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and dissolved oxygen. Results of the by-product analysis showed that sulfide was converted into sulfate by reacting with a large amount of ozone, and the active species were emitted from the multi-hole DBD system. In summary, multi-hole DBD technology has demonstrated merit as a water-contaminant purification technology and for the removal of dissolved sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Woo Yang
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea; Department of Nano-Bio Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Lee
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Plasma and Quantum Beam Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangil Kim
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea; KFE-school, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejoeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Min Chun
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Plasma and Quantum Beam Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Jeong
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmu Jung
- Department of Nano-Bio Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Hong
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjansan-ro, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea; KFE-school, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejoeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Wu X, Nawaz S, Li Y, Zhang H. Environmental health hazards of untreated livestock wastewater: potential risks and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24745-24767. [PMID: 38499926 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to technological and economic limitations, waste products such as sewage and manure generated in livestock farming lack comprehensive scientific and centralized treatment. This leads to the exposure of various contaminants in livestock wastewater, posing potential risks to both the ecological environment and human health. This review evaluates the environmental and physical health risks posed by common pollutants in livestock wastewater and outlines future treatment methods to mitigate these risks. Residual wastes in livestock wastewater, including pathogenic bacteria and parasites surviving after epidemics or diseases on various farms, along with antibiotics, organic wastes, and heavy metals from farming activities, contribute to environmental damage and pose risks to human health. As the livestock industry's development increasingly impacts society's future negatively, addressing the issue of residual wastes in livestock wastewater discharge becomes imperative. Ongoing advancements in wastewater treatment systems are consistently updating and refining practices to effectively minimize waste exposure at the discharge source, mitigating risks to environmental ecology and human health. This review not only summarizes the "potential risks of livestock wastewater" but also explores "the prospects for the development of wastewater treatment technologies" based on current reports. It offers valuable insights to support the long-term and healthy development of the livestock industry and contribute to the sustainable development of the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Cheng Y, Chen T, Zheng G, Yang J, Yu B, Ma C. Comprehensively assessing priority odorants emitted from swine slurry combining nontarget screening with olfactory threshold prediction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170428. [PMID: 38286275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The lack of one-to-one olfactory thresholds (OTs) poses an obstacle to the comprehensive assessment of priority odorants emitted from swine slurry using mass spectrometric nontarget screening. This study screened out highly performing quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models of OT prediction to complement nontarget screening in olfactory perception evaluation. A total of 27 compounds emitted at different slurry removal frequencies were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), including thiirane, dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), and dimethyl tetrasulfide (DMQS) without OT records. Ridge regression (RR, R2 = 0.77, RMSE = 0.93, MAE = 0.73) and random forest regression (RFR, R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 0.97, MAE = 0.69) rather than the commonly used principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) were used to assign OTs and assess the contributions of emerging volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) to the sum of odor activity value (SOAV). Priority odorants were p-cresol (25.0-58.9 %) > valeric acid (8.3-31.7 %) > isovaleric acid (6.7-19.0 %) > dimethyl disulfide (4.7-15.7 %) > methanethiol (0-13.6 %) > isobutyric acid (0-8.6 %), whereas the contributions of three emerging VSCs were below 10 %. Vital olfactory active structures were identified by QSAR models as having high molecular polarity, high hydrophilicity, high charge quantity, flexible structure, high reactivity, and a high number of sulfur atoms. This protocol can be further extended to evaluate odor pollution levels for distinct odor sources and guide the development of pertinent deodorization technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Paluszak Z, Kanarek P, Gryń G, Breza-Boruta B. Deodorizing bacterial consortium: community analysis of biofilms and leachate water collected from an air biofiltration system in a piggery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18993-19001. [PMID: 38353818 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Intensive livestock production is a source of water, soil, and air contamination. The first aspect that negatively affects the quality of life of residents in the vicinity of piggeries is malodorous aerosols, which are not only responsible for discomfort but can be an etiological factor in the development of various diseases during prolonged exposure. One of the proven and efficient ways to counteract odor emissions is the usage of air biofiltration. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively analyze the bacterial community colonizing the biofilm of a biofilter operating at an industrial piggery in Switzerland. The study material consisted of biofilm and leachate water samples. The microbiological analysis consisted of DNA isolation, amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene fragment (V3-V4), preparation of a library for high-throughput sequencing, high-throughput NGS sequencing, filtering of the obtained sequencing reads, and evaluation of the species composition in the studied samples. The investigation revealed the presence of the following bacterial genera: Pseudochelatococcus, Methyloversatilis, Flexilinea, Deviosia, Chryseobacterium, Kribbia, Leadbetterella, Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Xantobacter, Tessaracoccus, Staphylococcus, Thiobacillus, Enhydrobacter, Proteiniclasticum, and Giesbergeria. Analysis of the microbial composition of biofilters provides the opportunity to improve the biofiltration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Paluszak
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 6 Bernardyńska Street, 85-029, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kanarek
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 6 Bernardyńska Street, 85-029, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Gryń
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 10, 85-090, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Barbara Breza-Boruta
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 6 Bernardyńska Street, 85-029, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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10
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Hossain MM, Cho SB, Kim IH. Strategies for reducing noxious gas emissions in pig production: a comprehensive review on the role of feed additives. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:237-250. [PMID: 38628679 PMCID: PMC11016746 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The emission of noxious gases is a significant problem in pig production, as it can lead to poor production, welfare concerns, and environmental pollution. The noxious gases are the gasses emitted from the pig manure that contribute to air pollution. The increased concentration of various harmful gasses can pose health risks to both animals and humans. The major gases produced in the pig farm include methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and volatile fatty acids, which are mainly derived from the fermentation of undigested or poorly digested nutrients. Nowadays research has focused on more holistic approaches to obtain a healthy farm environment that helps animal production. The use of probiotics, prebiotics, dietary enzymes, and medicinal plants in animal diets has been explored as a means of reducing harmful gas emissions. This review paper focuses on the harmful gas emissions from pig farm, the mechanisms of gas production, and strategies for reducing these emissions. Additionally, various methods for reducing gas in pigs, including probiotic interventions; prebiotic interventions, dietary enzymes supplementation, and use of medicinal plants and organic acids are discussed. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge on reducing noxious gas in pigs and offers valuable insights for pig producers, nutritionists, and researchers working in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mortuza Hossain
- Department of Animal Resource and Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Sung Bo Cho
- Department of Animal Resource and Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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11
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Zhu L, Li W, Huang C, Tian Y, Xi B, Wu W, Yan Y. Contribution of sulfur-containing precursors to release of hydrogen sulfide in sludge composting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120195. [PMID: 38306858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production during composting can impact the environment and human health. Especially during the thermophilic phase, H2S is discharged in large quantities. However, in sludge composting, the contributions of different sulfur-containing precursors to H2S fluxes, key functional microorganisms, and key environmental parameters for reducing H2S flux remain unclear. Analysis of cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met), and sulfate (SO42-) concentrations, multiple stepwise regression analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation analysis of metagenomes showed that Cys was the main contributor to the production of H2S and that Met was among the main sources during the first three days of composting, while the SO42- contribution to H2S was negligible. Fifteen functional genera involved in the conversion of precursors to H2S were identified by co-occurrence network analysis. Only Bacillus showed high temperature resistance (>50 °C) and the ability to reduce H2S. Redundancy analysis showed that total carbon (64.0 %) and pH (23.3 %) had significant effects on functional bacteria. H2S had a quadratic relationship with sulfur-containing precursors. All microbial network sulfur-containing precursors metabolism modules showed a highly significant relationship with Cys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Weixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yimeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
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12
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Chen X, Sun P, Zhuang Z, Ahmed I, Zhang L, Zhang B. Control of odorants in swine manure and food waste co-composting via zero-valent iron /H 2O 2 system. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:390-399. [PMID: 38103349 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Odors have posed challenges to the advancement of aerobic composting. This work aims to identify the primary components responsible for odors and assess the effectiveness and mechanisms of the zero-valent iron/H2O2 system controlling various odorants in aerobic composting. Swine manure and food waste were used as composting materials, with the addition of zero-valent iron and hydrogen peroxide to mitigate odor emissions. Results revealed that odorants included ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and 22 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with ethyl acetate, heptane, and dimethyl disulfide being predominant. Among the odorants emitted, ammonia accounted for 75.43%, hydrogen sulfide for 0.09%, and identified VOCs for 24.48%. The ZVI/H2O2 system showed a significant reduction in ammonia and VOCs emission, with the reduction of 51% (ammonia) and 41.3% (VOCs) respectively, primarily observed during the thermophilic period. The occurrence of Fenton-like reactions and changes in key microbial populations were the main mechanisms accounting for odor control. The occurrence of Fenton-like reaction was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and reactive oxygen detection, showing the oxidation of zero-valent iron by H2O2 to higher valence elemental iron, and the simultaneous production of ·OH. Microbial analysis indicated that an enrichment of specific microorganisms with Bacillus contributed to feammonx and Bacillaceae contributed to organic biodegradation. Redundancy analysis highlighted the role of key microbial species (Bacillaceae, Bacillus, and Ureibacillus) in effectively reducing the level of ammonia and volatile organic compounds. These novelty findings illustrated that the potential of this system is promising for controlling the emission of odorants and aerobic composting reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pengyu Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixian Zhuang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai 200240, China.
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13
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Li C, Zhang C, Ran F, Yao T, Lan X, Li H, Bai J, Lei Y, Zhou Z, Cui X. Effects of microbial deodorizer on pig feces fermentation and the underlying deodorizing mechanism. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:174-186. [PMID: 38056366 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial deodorization is a novel strategy for reducing odor in livestock and poultry feces. Herein, 12 strains of ammonia (NH3) and 15 hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removing bacteria were obtained with a removal efficiency of 65.20-79.80% and 34.90-79.70%, respectively. A novel bacteria deodorant named MIX (Bacillus zhangzhouensis, Bacillus altitudinis, and Acinetobacter pittii at a ratio of 1:1:2) were obtained. MIX can shorten the temperature rising stage by 2 days and prolong the thermophilic stage by 4 days. The ability of MIX to remove NH3, H2S, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and the underlying removal mechanism were analyzed during pig feces fermentation. MIX can significantly reduce the concentrations of NH3 and H2S by 41.82% and 66.35% and increase the concentrations of NO3--N and SO42- by 7.80% and 8.83% (P < 0.05), respectively, on the 25th day. Moreover, the concentrations of acetic, propionate, iso-valerate, and valerate were significantly reduced. The dominant bacteria communities at the phylum level were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes. B. zhangzhouensis and B. altitudinis could convert NH4+-N to NO3--N, and A. pittii could transfer H2S to SO42-. This study revealed that bacteria deodorant can reduce the concentrations of NH3, H2S, and VFAs in pig feces and increase those of NH4+, NO3-, and SO42- and has excellent potential in deodorizing livestock and poultry feces composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changning Li
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu, China; College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Fu Ran
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Tuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu, China; College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Xiaojun Lan
- Agricultural College, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yang Lei
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ze Zhou
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoning Cui
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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14
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Yan X, Ying Y, Li K, Zhang Q, Wang K. A review of mitigation technologies and management strategies for greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions in livestock production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120028. [PMID: 38219668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
One of the key issues in manure management of livestock production is to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions, which lead to significant environmental footprint and human/animal health threats. This study provides a review of potentially efficacious technologies and management strategies that reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions during the three key stages of manure management in livestock production, i.e., animal housing, manure storage and treatment, and manure application. Several effective mitigation technologies and practices for each manure management stage are identified and analyzed in detail, including feeding formulation adjustment, frequent manure removal and air scrubber during animal housing stage; solid-liquid separation, manure covers for storage, acidification, anaerobic digestion and composting during manure storage and treatment stage; land application techniques at appropriate timing during manure application stage. The results indicated several promising approaches to reduce multiple gas emissions from the entire manure management. Removing manure 2-3 times per week or every day during animal housing stage is an effective and simple way to reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions. Acidification during manure storage and treatment stage can reduce ammonia and methane emissions by 33%-93% and 67%-87%, respectively and proper acid, such as lactic acid can also reduce nitrous oxide emission by about 90%. Shallow injection of manure for field application has the best performance in reducing ammonia emission by 62%-70% but increase nitrous oxide emission. The possible trade-off brings insight to the prioritization of targeted gas emissions for the researchers, stakeholders and policymakers, and also highlights the importance of assessing the mitigation technologies across the entire manure management chain. Implementing a combination of the management strategies needs comprehensive considerations about mitigation efficiency, technical feasibility, local regulations, climate condition, scalability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yan
- School of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Guangxi Yangxiang Co., Ltd., Gangnan District, Guigang, 537106, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongfei Ying
- Zhejiang Province Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Zhejiang Province Department of Agriculture, 111 Yuyun Road, Hangzhou, 310020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunkun Li
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Kaiying Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Gautam P, Bajagain R, Nhan Le TT, Kim J, Jeong SW. Field application of bio-foam spray to reduce ammonia emission from ammonia-rich swine manure piles. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140756. [PMID: 38006914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the first field-scale application of a bio-foam spray (a mixture of microbes and a surfactant) for the reduction of ammonia emitted from manure was investigated on six field swine manure piles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the odor suppression ability of bio-foam and odor degradation ability of odor-degrading bacteria loaded in the surfactant foam after covering manure piles. The size of field manure piles tested in this study ranged from 27 to 300 m3. Bio-foam spraying completely suppressed the release of the major odor component, ammonia (NH3), and odor-degrading bacteria in the bio-foam aided in the degradation of NH3 in field swine manure piles. On average, 85.7-100% of NH3 was reduced after 24-48 h of serial bio-foam spray application on the swine manure surface, while the control showed 25-42%. The reduction efficiency of NH3 by the bio-foam application was affected by the bio-foam spray frequency, ambient temperature, ventilation of the field facility, and upward airflow to the pile. The reduction in surface emission of NH3 also reduced the ambient air concentration of NH3 at the gate of the compost facility. NH3 gas measurements at a depth of 50 cm indicated that NH3-degrading bacteria infiltrated the manure and were active in biodegradation. Finally, the measured effectiveness of bio-foam application as shown by this study indicates that sprinkling bio-foam via specialized rotating sprinklers may be an efficient and uniform method for the delivery of bio-foam to wide field areas within composting facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Gautam
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Rishikesh Bajagain
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Thi Tuyet Nhan Le
- Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Jaisoo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, South Korea.
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16
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Wang YC, Lv YH, Hu XR, Lin YT, Crittenden JC, Wang C. Microbial metabolic flexibility guarantees function resilience in response to starvation disturbance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130137. [PMID: 38040311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Starvation disturbance due to nutrient limitation is a common problem in bioreactors. However, an understanding of how microbial systems respond to starvation remains in its infancy. Here the metabolic response mechanism of a biofilm community to starvation was investigated using a well-controlled gaseous toluene treatment biofilter through interruption of its operation. It was found that metabolic characteristics showed significant differences before and after starvation. The dominant carbon source utilization type shifted from amino acids and carboxylic acids to esters and carbohydrates after starvation, which is more conducive to improving energy production. Metagenomic sequencing analysis supported that the changes in the dominant metabolic substrate, enhanced metabolic stability, and flexibility in the mode of energy metabolism could be the main ways to guarantee functional resilience in ecosystems after starvation. The results highlight the microbial metabolic response to starvation, which would be beneficial to the understanding of functional resilience and bioreactor stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ya-Hui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xu-Rui Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China.
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17
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Zhang L, Zhang M, Yu Q, Su S, Wang Y, Fang Y, Dong W. Optimizing Winter Air Quality in Pig-Fattening Houses: A Plasma Deodorization Approach. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:324. [PMID: 38257419 PMCID: PMC10818906 DOI: 10.3390/s24020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two circulation modes of a plasma deodorization unit on the air environment of pig-fattening houses in winter. Two pig-fattening houses were selected, one of which was installed with a plasma deodorizing device with two modes of operation, alternating internal and external circulation on a day-by-day basis. The other house did not have any form of treatment and was used as the control house. Upon installing the system, this study revealed that in the internal circulation mode, indoor temperature and humidity were sustained at elevated levels, with the NH3 and H2S concentrations decreasing by 63.87% and 100%, respectively, in comparison to the control house. Conversely, in the external circulation mode, the indoor temperature and humidity remained subdued, accompanied by a 16.43% reduction in CO2 concentration. The adept interchange between these two operational modes facilitates the regulation of indoor air quality within a secure environment. This not only effectively diminishes deleterious gases in the pig-fattening house but also achieves the remote automation of environmental monitoring and hazardous gas management; thereby, it mitigates the likelihood of diseases and minimizes breeding risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Agricultural Economy and Information Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Meng Zhang
- Agricultural Economy and Information Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Qianfeng Yu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Shiguang Su
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Agricultural Economy and Information Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yu Fang
- Agricultural Economy and Information Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Wei Dong
- Agricultural Economy and Information Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
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18
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Kim S, Shim S, Won S, Ra C. Assessment of a Novel Real-Time Bio-Liquor Circulation System for Manure Management and Mitigation of Odor Potential in Swine Farming. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3849. [PMID: 38136886 PMCID: PMC10740851 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, circulating biologically treated manure in slurry pits has been used as an odor reduction technology, but few successful results have been reported, due to the lack of proper control strategies for bioreactors. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of the developed real-time controlled bio-liquor circulation system (BCS) at farm scale. The BCS was operated sequentially as per swine manure inflow (anoxic, aerobic, and settling) circulation to the slurry pit. Each operational phase was self-adjusted in real-time using a novel algorithm for detecting the control point on the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and pH (mV)-time profiles, the nitrogen break point (NBP), and the nitrate knee point (NKP) in the aerobic and anoxic phases, respectively. The NH4-N in the slurry manure was thoroughly removed (100%) in the bioreactor, optimizing the duration of each operational phase by accurately detecting real-time control points. The newly developed real-time BCS decreased the nitrogen and organic matter in the slurry pit by >70%, and the potential ammonia and methane emissions by 75% and 95%, respectively. This study highlights that improved BCS that utilizes ORP tracking and pH (mV)-time profiles can effectively optimize BCS operation, and thereby reduce malodor and GHG emissions from swine farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungsoo Kim
- Department of Animal Industry Convergence, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Soomin Shim
- Department of Animal Industry Convergence, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Seunggun Won
- Department of Animal Resources, College of Life and Environmental Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Changsix Ra
- Department of Animal Industry Convergence, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (S.S.)
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19
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Wang Y, Fang J, Lü F, Zhang H, He P. Food waste anaerobic digestion plants: Underestimated air pollutants and control strategy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166143. [PMID: 37572914 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Food waste management is an important global issue, and anaerobic digestion (AD) is a sustainable technology for treating food waste and developing a circular economy. Odor and health problems in AD plants have drawn increasing public attention. Therefore, this study investigated the odor characteristics and health risks in different workshops of food waste AD plants. At each site, the treatment capacities for kitchen and restaurant waste were 200 and 200-250 tons per day, respectively. Among the detected odorants, ethanol was the dominant component in terms of concentrations, while methanethiol, propanethiol, H2S, and acetaldehyde were the major odor contributors in different workshops. The odor contribution of propanethiol had been previously overlooked in several workshops. The unloading, pretreatment, and bio-hydrolysis workshops were identified as major areas requiring odor control. Besides odor, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks commonly existed in food waste AD plants. The carcinogenic risk of acetaldehyde had been underestimated previously, and it was identified as the dominant carcinogen. Furthermore, benzene was a potential carcinogen. Non-carcinogenic risks were mainly caused by acetaldehyde, H2S, and ethyl acetate. The health risks were not always consistent with odor nuisance. Based on the odor and health risk assessments, several air pollution control strategies for food waste AD plants were proposed, including food waste source control, in-situ pollution control, and ex-situ pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Naval Medical Centre, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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20
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Su Q, Dai D, Liao Y, Han H, Wu J, Ren Z. Synthetic microbial consortia to enhance the biodegradation of compost odor by biotrickling filter. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129698. [PMID: 37598805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Composting generates odorous gases, including ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Biological Trickling Filter (BTF) is effective for odor treatment, but it may have limitations with hydrophobic VOCs. In this study, a strain of Bacillus subtilis with ammonia-reducing ability, a strain of Bacillus cereus with desulfurization ability and a strain of Schizophyllum commune with the ability to degrade dimethyl disulfide were isolated and screened. The three strains were combined to create synthetic microbial consortia for enhancing odor treatment in the BTF. Compared to the activated sludge control, the BTF with synthetic microbial consortia removed 92.43% ammonia, 92.75% hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, it demonstrated a significant improvement in the removal rates of p-methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide. High-throughput sequencing was conducted on the fillers of the synthetic microbial consortia-inoculated BTF to analyze the microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Su
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dunwu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Youjun Liao
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Han
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Zhuqing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China.
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21
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Zheng H, Du X, Ma Y, Zhao W, Zhang H, Yao J, Shi Y, Zhao C. Combined assessment of health hazard and odour impact of soils at a contaminated site: a case study on a defunct pharmaceuticals factory in China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7679-7692. [PMID: 37410198 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Surveys and assessments of contaminated sites primarily focus on hazardous pollutants in the soil with less attention paid to odorants. This makes the management of contaminated sites difficult. In this study, hazardous and odorous pollutants in the soil were assessed for a large site that was previously used for production of pharmaceuticals to determine the degree and characteristics of soil contamination at pharmaceutical production sites, for undertaking rational remediation measures. The main hazardous pollutants at the study site were triethylamine, n-butyric acid, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DBA), total petroleum hydrocarbons (C10-C40) (TPH), and 1,2-dichloroethane; TEA, BA, and isovaleric acid (IC) were the main odorants. As the type and distribution of hazardous and odorous pollutants differ, it is necessary to separately assess the impact of these pollutants at a contaminated site. Soils in the surface layer pose significant non-carcinogenic (HI = 68.30) and carcinogenic risks (RT = 3.56E-5), whereas those in the lower layer only pose non-carcinogenic risks (HI > 7.43). Odorants were found at considerable concentrations both in the surface and lower layers, with the maximum concentrations being 29,309.91 and 41.27, respectively. The findings of this study should improve our understanding of soil contamination at former pharmaceutical production sites and should inform the assessment of the risks posed by contaminated sites, with problems associated with odour, and possible remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Zheng
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weiguang Zhao
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Hebei Zongda Environmental Technology Co., LTD, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Juejun Yao
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yi Shi
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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22
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Heo YJ, Park J, Kim YB, Kwon BY, Kim DH, Song JY, Lee KW. Effects of dietary protein levels on performance, nitrogen excretion, and odor emission of growing pullets and laying hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102798. [PMID: 37354615 PMCID: PMC10404757 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) levels on production performance, nitrogen balance, and odor emission of excreta in growing pullets and laying hens from 13 to 32 wk of age. Two hundred and forty pullets (Hy-Line Brown) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups with 10 replicates per group, and 6 birds per replicate. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 4 graded CP levels in the diets of pullets ranging from 180, 160, 140, and 120 g/kg of diet during 13 to 18 wk (phase 1) and in the diets of laying hens from 190, 170, 150, and 130 g/kg of diet during 19 to 32 wk (phase 2). The limiting amino acids including lysine, methionine, and threonine were supplemented to maintain constant equal amino acid concentrations in all experiment diets. In phase 1, decreasing dietary CP levels did not affect growth performance but increased (linear and quadratic effect, P < 0.05) the relative abdominal fat contents and triglyceride concentration in serum samples. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum samples decreased as the CP levels decreased in the diets of pullets. Dietary CP levels quadratically increased (P < 0.05) the villus height and the villus height to crypt depth ratio but did not affect tibia traits and relative organ weights in pullets at 18 wk. Apparent digestibility of dry matter and ether extract increased with decreasing dietary CP levels in pullets. Graded CP levels linearly increased the digestibility of dry matter, CP, and ether extracts but lowered that of crude ash in laying hens. Nitrogen excretion was linearly decreased (P < 0.05) as the dietary CP levels decreased in both pullets and laying hens. Dietary CP levels only affected carbon dioxide emission in pullets. In phase 2, dietary CP levels did not affect growth performance and the ages at first egg laying and to reach 50% egg production in laying hens. However, egg weights were decreased (linear and quadratic effect, P < 0.05) as the dietary CP level decreased in laying hens. Increasing dietary CP levels increased Haugh unit at 26 wk but lowered corticosterone concentrations in yolk samples at 22 wk. Collectively, this study shows that dietary CP levels could be decreased to reduce nitrogen excretion without adverse effects on performance and egg quality of growing pullets and laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ji Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Jina Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Bhin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Byung-Yeon Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yong Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
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23
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Zhu X, Zhang Y, Liu H, Yang G, Li L. Microbiome-metabolomics analysis reveals abatement effects of itaconic acid on odorous compound production in Arbor Acre broilers. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:183. [PMID: 37438695 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public complaints concerning odor emissions from intensive livestock and poultry farms continue to grow, as nauseous odorous compounds have adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Itaconic acid is a metabolite from the citric acid cycle of the host and shows volatile odor-reducing effects during animal production operations. However, the specific role of itaconic acid in decreasing intestinal odorous compound production remains unclear. A total of 360 one-day-old chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups: control group (basal diet) and itaconic acid groups (basal diet + 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g/kg itaconic acid). The feeding experiment lasted for 42 d. RESULTS Dietary itaconic acid supplementation linearly and quadratically decreased (P < 0.05) the cecal concentrations of indole and skatole but did not affect (P > 0.05) those of lactic, acetic, propionic and butyric acids. The cecal microbial shift was significant in response to 6 g/kg itaconic acid supplementation, in that the abundances of Firmicutes, Ruminococcus and Clostridium were increased (P < 0.05), while those of Bacteroidetes, Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides were decreased (P < 0.05), indicative of increased microbial richness and diversity. Furthermore, a total of 35 significantly (P < 0.05) modified metabolites were obtained by metabolomic analysis. Itaconic acid decreased (P < 0.05) the levels of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, glucose-6-phosphate, fumatic acid and malic acid and increased (P < 0.05) 5-methoxytroptomine, dodecanoic acid and stearic acid, which are connected with the glycolytic pathway, citrate acid cycle and tryptophan metabolism. Correlation analysis indicated significant correlations between the altered cecal microbiota and metabolites; Firmicutes, Ruminococcus and Clostridium were shown to be negatively correlated with indole and skatole production, while Bacteroidetes, Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides were positively correlated with indole and skatole production. CONCLUSIONS Itaconic acid decreased cecal indole and skatole levels and altered the microbiome and metabolome in favor of odorous compound reduction. These findings provide new insight into the role of itaconic acid and expand its application potential in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinhang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guiqin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Lin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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24
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Wang Y, Shao L, Kang X, Zhang H, Lü F, He P. A critical review on odor measurement and prediction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117651. [PMID: 36878058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Odor pollution has become a global environmental issue of increasing concern in recent years. Odor measurements are the basis of assessing and solving odor problems. Olfactory and chemical analysis can be used for odor and odorant measurements. Olfactory analysis reflects the subjective perception of human, and chemical analysis reveals the chemical composition of odors. As an alternative to olfactory analysis, odor prediction methods have been developed based on chemical and olfactory analysis results. The combination of olfactory and chemical analysis is the best way to control odor pollution, evaluate the performances of the technologies, and predict odor. However, there are still some limitations and obstacles for each method, their combination, and the prediction. Here, we present an overview of odor measurement and prediction. Different olfactory analysis methods (namely, the dynamic olfactometry method and the triangle odor bag method) are compared in detail, the latest revisions of the standard olfactometry methods are summarized, and the uncertainties of olfactory measurement results (i.e., the odor thresholds) are analyzed. The researches, applications, and limitations of chemical analysis and odor prediction are introduced and discussed. Finally, the development and application of odor databases and algorithms for optimizing odor measurement and prediction methods are prospected, and a preliminary framework for an odor database is proposed. This review is expected to provide insights into odor measurement and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyue Kang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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25
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Wang YC, Lv YH, Wang C, Jiang GY, Han MF, Deng JG, Hsi HC. Microbial community evolution and functional trade-offs of biofilm in odor treatment biofilters. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119917. [PMID: 37003115 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biofilters inoculated with activated sludge are widely used for odor control in WWTP. In this process, biofilm community evolution plays an important role in the function of reactor and is closely related to reactor performance. However, the trade-offs in biofilm community and bioreactor function during the operation are still unclear. Herein, an artificially constructed biofilter for odorous gas treatment was operated for 105 days to study the trade-offs in the biofilm community and function. Biofilm colonization was found to drive community evolution during the start-up phase (phase 1, days 0-25). Although the removal efficiency of the biofilter was unsatisfactory at this phase, the microbial genera related to quorum sensing and extracellular polymeric substance secretion led to the rapid accumulation of the biofilm (2.3 kg biomass/m3 filter bed /day). During the stable operation phase (phase 2, days 26-80), genera related to target-pollutant degradation showed increases in relative abundance, which accompanied a high removal efficiency and a stable accumulation of biofilm (1.1 kg biomass/m3 filter bed/day). At the clogging phase (phase 3, days 81-105), a sharp decline in the biofilm accumulation rate (0.5 kg biomass/m3 filter bed /day) and fluctuating removal efficiency were observed. The quorum quenching-related genera and quenching genes of signal molecules increased, and competition for resources among species drove the evolution of the community in this phase. The results of this study highlight the trade-offs in biofilm community and functions during the operation of bioreactors, which could help improve bioreactor performance from a biofilm community perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ya-Hui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guan-Yu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Meng-Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Guang Deng
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Cao T, Zheng Y, Dong H. Control of odor emissions from livestock farms: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115545. [PMID: 36822532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Odor emission seriously affects human and animal health, and the ecological environment. Nevertheless, a systematic summary regarding the control technology for odor emissions in livestock breeding is currently lacking. This paper summarizes odor control technology, highlighting its applicability, advantages, and limitations, which can be used to evaluate and identify the most appropriate methods in livestock production management. Odor control technologies are divided into four categories: dietary manipulation (low-crude protein diet and enzyme additives in feed), in-housing management (separation of urine from feces, adsorbents used as litter additive, and indoor environment/manure surface spraying agent), manure management (semi-permeable membrane-covered, reactor composting, slurry cover, and slurry acidification), and end-of-pipe measures for air treatment (wet scrubbing of the exhaust air from animal houses and biofiltration of the exhaust air from animal houses or composting). Findings of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the application of odor control technology in livestock farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Cao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yunhao Zheng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Hongmin Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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27
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Prostějovský T, Kulišťáková A, Reli M, Žebrák R, Kočí K. Innovative technology for ammonia abatement from livestock buildings using advanced oxidation processes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00400-w. [PMID: 36930449 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for abatement of ammonia from livestock buildings was examined in a series of pilot plant experiments. In this study, all the experiments were conducted in a two-step unit containing a dry photolytic reactor (UV185/UV254/O3) and a photochemical scrubber (UV254/H2O2). The unit efficiency was tested for two initial ammonia concentrations (20 and 35 ppmv) and three different air flows (150, 300 and 450 m3·h-1). While the first step removes mainly organic pollutants that are often present together with ammonia in the air and ammonia only partially, the second step removes around 90% of ammonia emissions even at the highest flow rate of 450 m3·h-1. Absorbed ammonia in the aqueous phase can be effectively removed without adjusting the pH (i.e. without the addition of other additives) using UV and ozone. Complete removal of ammonia was achieved after 15 h of irradiation. In order to assess the price efficiency of the suggested technology and to be able to compare it with other methods the figures-of-merit were determined. The price needed for lowering ammonia emission by one order of magnitude is 0.002 € per cubic meter of treated air at the highest flow rate of 450 m3·h-1 and for initial ammonia concentrations of 20 ppmv. These findings demonstrate that AOPs are a promising method for ammonia abatement from livestock buildings which are rarely using any waste air treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Prostějovský
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Kulišťáková
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Reli
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Žebrák
- Dekonta Inc., Dřetovice 109, 273 42, Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Kočí
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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28
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Effects of fermented feed on growth performance, immune organ indices, serum biochemical parameters, cecal odorous compound production and the microbiota community in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102629. [PMID: 37004289 PMCID: PMC10091030 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dietary fermented feed addition on growth performance, immune organ indices, serum biochemical parameters, cecal odorous compound production, and the bacterial community in broilers. A total of 480 broiler chicks (1-day-old) were randomly assigned to 6 groups, including a basal diet (control group), a basal diet supplemented with 10, 15, 20, and 25% dried fermented feed, and 10% wet fermented feed. Each group contained 8 replicates of 10 chicks each. The results showed that fermentation increased (P < 0.05) the total acid level and the number of Lactobacillus, Yeast, and Bacillus. The 15% dried fermented feed group had an increased (P < 0.05) body weight (BW) than the control, while the 25% dried fermented feed group had the lowest (P < 0.05) BW on 42 d. Compared to the control group, the feed intake (FI) was increased (P < 0.05) in the 10, 15% dried and 10% wet fermented feed groups from 22 to 42 d and from 1 to 42 d. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed in feed conversion ratio (FCR) among all groups. Supplementation with fermented feed increased (P < 0.05) the bursa of Fabricius index but not (P > 0.05) the thymus and spleen indices. Compared with the control, the broilers fed fermented feed had increased (P < 0.05) serum total protein, albumin, globulin, IgA, IgG, IgM, lysozyme, complement 3, and complement 4 levels. The cecal concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and lactic acid were increased and the pH values were decreased in the fermented feed groups (P < 0.05). Among the groups, the 15% dried fermented feed group showed the lowest concentrations of skatole and indole in the cecum (P < 0.05). The composition of the cecal microbiota was characterized, in which an increased abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and unclassified Clostridiales and a decreased abundance of Rikenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroidaceae were found in the fermented feed groups. Taken together, dietary fermented feed supplementation can improve growth performance, immune organ development, and capacity and decrease cecal odorous compound production, which may be related to the regulation of microbial composition.
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29
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Yan Y, Wu W, Huang C, Li W, Li Y. Coupling network of hydrogen sulfide precursors and bacteria in kitchen waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128655. [PMID: 36693506 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was focused on the changes of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), its precursors, and microorganisms associated with its transformation during the composting process of kitchen waste. The results showed that the content of cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met) decreased by 32.3 % and 57.5 % respectively, while the content of sulfate (SO42-) changed little during composting. The main release period of H2S was during the high-temperature period of composting, Cys was its main precursor. Based on network analysis, a total of 15 core genera associated with the conversion of H2S precursors were identified, and the transformation of the H2S precursor was mainly influenced by Filomicrobium. Temperature, pH, and TN levels had a positive effect on Filomicrobium. It could find a balance point by controlling these three factors to reduce the production of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Weixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
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Ma X, Li S, Pan R, Wang Z, Li J, Zhang X, Azeem M, Yao Y, Xu Z, Pan J, Zhang Z, Li R. Effect of biochar on the mitigation of organic volatile fatty acid emission during aerobic biostabilization of biosolids and the underlying mechanism. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2023; 390:136213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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Jia T, Zhang L, Li X, Zhao Q, Peng Y, Sui J, Wang C. Characteristics of biotrickling filter system for hydrogen sulfide removal with seasonal temperature variations: A strategy for low temperature conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159617. [PMID: 36273568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of temperature on the biological removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from air is critical to its effective application in cold regions or seasons. This study investigated the effect of seasonal temperature variations (7-30 °C) on the H2S removal performance of a biotrickling filter system, with an effective H2S elimination capacity of 98.1 g/m3/h (removal efficiency = 83.1 %) achieved at temperatures of 10-12 °C. Biofilm growth was found to be accelerated by increased secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, enhanced biofilm adhesion capacity and relatively high levels of elemental sulfur accumulation, which help to retain heat within the filter bed under cold conditions. High-throughput sequencing showed that the psychrotolerant sulfur-oxidizing bacterium (SOB) Metallibacterium was gradually enriched (54.8 %) at temperatures below 15 °C. The major pathways of sulfur metabolism under low temperature conditions were determined based on the detection of enzymes related to sulfur metabolism. Finally, a strategy to enrich Metallibacterium was proposed to promote the application of biodesulfurization under low temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Jun Sui
- Guangdong Shouhui Lantian Engineering and Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510075, PR China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Guangdong Shouhui Lantian Engineering and Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510075, PR China
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Chan YH, Lock SSM, Wong MK, Yiin CL, Loy ACM, Cheah KW, Chai SYW, Li C, How BS, Chin BLF, Chan ZP, Lam SS. A state-of-the-art review on capture and separation of hazardous hydrogen sulfide (H 2S): Recent advances, challenges and outlook. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120219. [PMID: 36150621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a flammable, corrosive and lethal gas even at low concentrations (ppm levels). Hence, the capture and removal of H2S from various emitting sources (such as oil and gas processing facilities, natural emissions, sewage treatment plants, landfills and other industrial plants) is necessary to prevent and mitigate its adverse effects on human (causing respiratory failure and asphyxiation), environment (creating highly flammable and explosive environment), and facilities (resulting in corrosion of industrial equipment and pipelines). In this review, the state-of-the-art technologies for H2S capture and removal are reviewed and discussed. In particular, the recent technologies for H2S removal such as membrane, adsorption, absorption and membrane contactor are extensively reviewed. To date, adsorption using metal oxide-based sorbents is by far the most established technology in commercial scale for the fine removal of H2S, while solvent absorption is also industrially matured for bulk removal of CO2 and H2S simultaneously. In addition, the strengths, limitations, technological gaps and way forward for each technology are also outlined. Furthermore, the comparison of established carbon capture technologies in simultaneous and selective removal of H2S-CO2 is also comprehensively discussed and presented. It was found that the existing carbon capture technologies are not adequate for the selective removal of H2S from CO2 due to their similar characteristics, and thus extensive research is still needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Serene Sow Mun Lock
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Mee Kee Wong
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chung Loong Yiin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy (ISuRE), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | | | - Kin Wai Cheah
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Slyvester Yew Wang Chai
- Biomass Waste-to-Wealth Special Interest Group, Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Jalan Simpang Tiga, 93350, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Claudia Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bing Shen How
- Biomass Waste-to-Wealth Special Interest Group, Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Jalan Simpang Tiga, 93350, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Bridgid Lai Fui Chin
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia; Energy and Environment Research Cluster, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Zhe Phak Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
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Wang YC, Lin YT, Wang C, Tong Z, Hu XR, Lv YH, Jiang GY, Han MF, Deng JG, Hsi HC, Lee CH. Microbial community regulation and performance enhancement in gas biofilters by interrupting bacterial communication. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:150. [PMID: 36117217 PMCID: PMC9484056 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling excess biomass accumulation and clogging is important for maintaining the performance of gas biofilters and reducing energy consumption. Interruption of bacterial communication (quorum quenching) can modulate gene expression and alter biofilm properties. However, whether the problem of excess biomass accumulation in gas biofilters can be addressed by interrupting bacterial communication remains unknown. RESULTS In this study, parallel laboratory-scale gas biofilters were operated with Rhodococcus sp. BH4 (QQBF) and without Rhodococcus sp. BH4 (BF) to explore the effects of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria on biomass accumulation and clogging. QQBF showed lower biomass accumulation (109 kg/m3) and superior operational stability (85-96%) than BF (170 kg/m3; 63-92%) at the end of the operation. Compared to BF, the QQBF biofilm had lower adhesion strength and decreased extracellular polymeric substance production, leading to easier detachment of biomass from filler surface into the leachate. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of quorum sensing (QS)-related species was found to decrease from 67 (BF) to 56% (QQBF). The QS function genes were also found a lower relative abundance in QQBF, compared with BF. Moreover, although both biofilters presented aromatic compounds removal performance, the keystone species in QQBF played an important role in maintaining biofilm stability, while the keystone species in BF exhibited great potential for biofilm formation. Finally, the possible influencing mechanism of Rhodococcus sp. BH4 on biofilm adhesion was demonstrated. Overall, the results of this study achieved excess biomass control while maintaining stable biofiltration performance (without interrupting operation) and greatly promoted the use of QQ technology in bioreactors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Zhen Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xu-Rui Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ya-Hui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guan-Yu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meng-Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ji-Guang Deng
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hak Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Draft Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis Strain NLF4-10 Isolated from Livestock Wastewater. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022; 11:e0032222. [PMID: 35938831 PMCID: PMC9476935 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00322-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis strain NLF4-10, isolated from a livestock wastewater treatment plant in Nonsan, Republic of Korea. The whole-genome sequence of S. daejeonensis strain NLF4-10 was analyzed using the Pacific Biosciences Sequel and Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platforms. The genome comprises a 3,655,148 bp chromosome with a GC content of 68%, 3,274 coding DNA sequences (CDSs), 59 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 4 noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).
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Dobrzyniewski D, Szulczyński B, Gębicki J. Determination of Odor Air Quality Index (OAQII) Using Gas Sensor Matrix. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134180. [PMID: 35807428 PMCID: PMC9268730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a new way to determine odor nuisance based on the proposed odor air quality index (OAQII), using an instrumental method. This indicator relates the most important odor features, such as intensity, hedonic tone and odor concentration. The research was conducted at the compost screening yard of the municipal treatment plant in Central Poland, on which a self-constructed gas sensor array was placed. It consisted of five commercially available gas sensors: three metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) chemical sensors and two electrochemical ones. To calibrate and validate the matrix, odor concentrations were determined within the composting yard using the field olfactometry technique. Five mathematical models (e.g., multiple linear regression and principal component regression) were used as calibration methods. Two methods were used to extract signals from the matrix: maximum signal values from individual sensors and the logarithm of the ratio of the maximum signal to the sensor baseline. The developed models were used to determine the predicted odor concentrations. The selection of the optimal model was based on the compatibility with olfactometric measurements, taking the mean square error as a criterion and their accordance with the proposed OAQII. For the first method of extracting signals from the matrix, the best model was characterized by RMSE equal to 8.092 and consistency in indices at the level of 0.85. In the case of the logarithmic approach, these values were 4.220 and 0.98, respectively. The obtained results allow to conclude that gas sensor arrays can be successfully used for air quality monitoring; however, the key issues are data processing and the selection of an appropriate mathematical model.
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Park C, Sun S. Effect of dietary metallo-protease and Bacillus velezensis CE 100 supplementations on growth performance, footpad dermatitis and manure odor in broiler chickens. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1628-1634. [PMID: 35507846 PMCID: PMC9449376 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jia T, Sun S, Zhao Q, Peng Y, Zhang L. Extremely acidic condition (pH<1.0) as a novel strategy to achieve high-efficient hydrogen sulfide removal in biotrickling filter: Biomass accumulation, sulfur oxidation pathway and microbial analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133770. [PMID: 35101433 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extremely acidic conditions (pH < 1.0) during hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biotreatment significantly reduce the cost of pH regulation; however, there remain challenges to its applications. The present study investigated the H2S removal and biomass variations in biotrickling filter (BTF) under long-term highly acidic conditions. A BTF operated for 144 days at pH 0.5-1.0 achieved an H2S elimination capacity (EC) of 109.9 g/(m3·h) (removal efficiency = 97.0%) at an empty bed retention time of 20 s, with an average biomass concentration at 20.6 g/L-BTF. The biomass concentration at neutral pH increased from 22.3 to 49.5 g/L-BTF within 28 days. In this case, elemental sulfur (S0) accumulated due to insufficient oxygen transfer in biofilm, which aggravated the BTF blockage problem. After long-term domestication under extremely acidic conditions, a mixotrophic acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) Alicyclobacillus (abundance 55.4%) were enriched in the extremely acidic biofilm, while non-aciduric bacteria were eliminated, which maintained the balance of biofilm thickness. Biofilm with optimum thickness ensured oxygen transfer and H2S oxidation, avoiding the accumulation of S0. The BTF performance improved due to the enrichment of active mixotrophic SOB with high abundance under extremely acidic conditions. The mixotrophic SOB is expected to be further enriched under extremely acidic conditions by adding carbohydrates to enhance H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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Mitigation Strategies of Air Pollutants for Mechanical Ventilated Livestock and Poultry Housing—A Review. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The fast development of large-scale intensive animal husbandry has led to an increased proportion of atmospheric pollution arising from livestock and poultry housing. Atmospheric pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and greenhouse gases (GHG), as well as other hazardous materials (e.g., gases, bacteria, fungi and viruses), have significant influences upon the local atmospheric environment and the health of animals and nearby residents. Therefore, it is imperative to develop livestock and poultry housing mitigation strategies targeting atmospheric pollution, to reduce its negative effects on the ambient atmosphere and to promote sustainable agricultural production. In this paper, we summarize the various strategies applied for reducing outlet air pollutants and purifying inlet air from mechanical ventilated livestock and poultry housing. This review highlights the current state of knowledge on the removal of various atmospheric pollutants and their relative performance. The potential optimization of processes and operational design, material selection, and other technologies, such as electrostatic spinning, are discussed in detail. The study provides a timely critical analysis to fill the main research gaps or needs in this domain by using practical and stakeholder-oriented evaluation criteria.
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Distribution of Airflow and Media Moisture Content across Two Vertical Bed Biofilters. AGRIENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/agriengineering4010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For its small square footage, a vertical bed biofilter was developed for odor emission mitigation for livestock facilities with limited area available for biofilter installation. However, a concern about the design is that airflow and moisture may be poorly distributed across the biofilter due to the effects of gravity. Relevant data are sporadic in the literature. To fill the knowledge gap, two vertical bed biofilters were constructed at a university swine facility and monitored for two months. The monitoring was taken at 27 grid points on each biofilter per field visit. Results revealed that both the airflow and medium moisture content were unevenly distributed. The sun-facing side of the biofilters had significantly lower medium moisture content (p < 0.01) due to solar-induced water evaporation. The side directly facing the barn exhaust had the highest airflow. Airflows varied along the height of the biofilters, but no significant difference was noted. The uniformity of airflow and moisture content, characterized by coefficient of variance (CV) and distribution uniformity (DU) respectively, were examined over the monitoring campaign. Possible reasons for uneven distribution were explored and recommendations are made to address the uniformity issue. The findings from the study are expected to further the development and implementation of biofiltration technology for livestock odor control.
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Isolation and Screening of Odor-Reducing Microbes from Swine Manure and Its Role in Reducing Ammonia Release in Combination with Surfactant Foam. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Swine farming facilities have increased the production of malodorous gases, which negatively affects people. Hence, we developed a new feasible bio-foam technology wherein long-lasting surfactant foam, including bacteria, were sprayed on swine manure. The surfactant foam acted as a physical barrier, suppressing NH3 release, and the aqueous-phase bacteria formed after foam breaking infiltrated in manure and degraded NH3. In this study, we first isolated NH3-degrading bacteria from swine manure. A bacterial consortium was prepared using the effective NH3-degrading strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-12632 (99.88%) (TP1), Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae NBRC100931T (99.93%) (TP3), and Lactobacillus argentoratensis DSM 16365T (100%) (TP5). The surfactant foam used in this study was a dry foam (foam quality 98.5–99.0% and foam density 0.025–0.026 g/cm3), with a foam expansion of 110–112 and high foamability. Large bubbles were generated with a bubble density of 1 bubble/cm2 and a foam lamella thickness of 0.12 mm. In a lab-scale study, foam was sprayed onto NH3-contaminated soil or real swine manure, which reduced the NH3 emission from the source (soil/manure) almost completely (97–100%), but NH3 was re-emitted after foam breaking (5 h: open reactor, 7 h: closed reactor). After loading the bacteria on the foam, the initial NH3 odor suppression was similar to that of the foam alone. However, NH3 was effectively reduced by microbial degradation even after foam breaking. Complete odor degradation was observed after 3 days (72 h; 90–100% reduction) for the NH3-contaminated soil, and 97.7% NH3 in the swine manure was reduced in 24 h. Furthermore, the reagent cost for preparing stable foam was reasonable, indicating its possible field extension.
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Zhou SP, Ke X, Zhou HY, Zou SP, Xue YP, Zheng YG. Community scale in-situ rapid biological reduction and resource recovery of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126603. [PMID: 34953987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a community-scale in-situ rapid biological reduction (IRBR) system was applied to achieve the rapid disposal and resource recovery of food waste (FW). A total of 5263 kg FW was processed in the 35 days of stably operation, during which 84.37% total mass reduction and 43.30% volatile solid removal were achieved, and the odor had been effectively controlled. Microbial sequencing results showed that aerobic and facultative thermophilic bacteria were major bacterial community, and vigorous metabolism of both carbohydrate and amino acid were maintained during the IRBR process. The final products have the potential to be recycled as organic fertilizers or bio-solid fuel to realize resource recovery. The results of economic analysis showed that the IRBR system had lower FW disposal costs due to the high automation. These results suggested that the IRBR system was an environmentally friendly, economical and practical method for the FW rapid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Peng Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xia Ke
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shu-Ping Zou
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xue
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Zhu X, Xu M, Liu H, Yang G. In vitro fermentation profiles of different soybean oligosaccharides and their effects on skatole production and cecal microbiota of broilers. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1195-1204. [PMID: 34991192 PMCID: PMC9262728 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro fermentation profiles of different soybean oligosaccharides (SBOs) and their effects on skatole production and cecal microbiota of broilers. Methods Five SBOs with varying main component contents were fermented using an in vitro batch incubation inoculated with broiler cecal microbiota. Gas production was recorded automatically, skatole, indole and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, and microbial changes were analyzed using 16S DNA gene sequencing. Results The addition of SBOs increased (p<0.05) gas production, suggesting bacterial growth-stimulating activities. In addition, the concentrations of indole were significantly (p<0.05) decreased after SBO supplementation, and SBO III, with higher sucrose and stachyose contents, decreased (p<0.05) the skatole level. Our results also revealed that the fermentation of SBOs by cecal microbiota produced (p<0.05) SCFAs, which were dominated by propionic acid, butyrate acid and lactic acid compared to the control. In addition, SBO III increased (p<0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes and Subdoligranulum and decreased that of Bacteroides. Conclusion These results suggest that SBOs with higher sucrose and stachyose contents are promising prebiotics in modulating gut microbiota and reducing odor emission in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Miao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Guiqin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Kaikiti K, Stylianou M, Agapiou A. Development of food-origin biochars for the adsorption of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for environmental matrices. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125881. [PMID: 34555751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four novel fruit-derived biochars were developed: pomegranate peels (PB), prickly pear peels (PPB), carob (CB), and locust bean gum (LBGB). The feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 350 and 550 ℃ (under N2), respectively, and characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Elemental Analysis (EA), Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (B.E.T) analysis, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A systematic and comprehensive comparison for the adsorption of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by biochar was established. Cresol, dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), hexane, and benzene were examined as a function of contact time (30-480 min), mass (0.1-1 g), concentration levels (50-1000 ppbv), efficiency, and reusability, using the headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method. PB 550 ℃ revealed a specific surface area of 8.3 m2 g-1, the fastest complete removal, an ideal mass of 1 g, 3-times reuse, and ∼ 99% removal of 500 ppbv benzene, cresol, DMTS, and 100 ppbv hexane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Kaikiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marinos Stylianou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Agapios Agapiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O.Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Ma H, Li F, Niyitanga E, Chai X, Wang S, Liu Y. The Odor Release Regularity of Livestock and Poultry Manure and the Screening of Deodorizing Strains. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122488. [PMID: 34946090 PMCID: PMC8705919 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human living environments and health are seriously affected by the odor produced from fermentation of livestock and poultry manure. In order to reduce the odor pollution caused by livestock and poultry manure, efficient strains were screened and two methods were tried in this study. The orthogonal test design was used to analyze the gas produced by pig manure under different conditions of temperature, time, wheat straw doping amount and calcium carbonate doping amount. Then, according to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and comprehensive odor removal effects, the high efficiency of deodorizing strains were screened. The results showed that pig manure produced the least odor when the temperature was 20 °C, added 0% calcium carbonate, 20% wheat straw and waited for 48 h. Three strains were screened to inhibit the odor production of pig manure: Paracoccus denitrificans, Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, showed that their highest removal rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas could reach 96.58% and 99.74% among them; while for three strains of end-control pig manure stench: Pichia kudriavzevii, P. denitrificans and Bacillus subtilis, the highest removal rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas reached 85.91% and 90.80% among them. This research provides bacteria resources as the high-efficiency deodorizing function for the source suppression and the end treatment of the odor gas of pig manure, which has high application value for the control of odor pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Ma
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (H.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Feier Li
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
| | - Evode Niyitanga
- Faculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (E.N.); (X.C.)
| | - Xicun Chai
- Faculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (E.N.); (X.C.)
| | - Shipeng Wang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (H.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Yutao Liu
- Faculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (E.N.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence:
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