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Shi X, Wang L, Chen A, Yu W, Liu Y, Huang X, Long X, Du Y, Qu D. Enhancing water quality and ecosystems of reclaimed water-replenished river: A case study of Dongsha River, Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172024. [PMID: 38547989 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of reclaimed water for urban river replenishment has raised concerns regarding its impact on water quality and aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to reveal the improvements seen in an urban river undergoing a practical water eco-remediation after being replenished with reclaimed water. A one-year monitoring of water quality, phytoplankton, and zooplankton was carried out in Dongsha River undergoing eco-remediation in Beijing, China. The results showed that compared to the unrestored river, the concentrations of COD, NH4+-N, TP, and TN decreased by 28.22 ± 7.88 %, 40.24 ± 11.77 %, 44.17 ± 17.29 %, and 28.66 ± 10.39 % in the restoration project area, respectively. The concentration of Chlorophyll-a in the restoration area was maintained below 40 μg/L. During summer, when algal growth is vigorous, the density of Cyanophyta in the unrestored river decreased from 46.84 × 104cells/L to 16.32 × 104cells/L in the restored area, while that of Chlorophyta decreased from 41.61 × 104cells/L to 11.87 × 104cells/L, a reduction of 65.16 % and 71.47 %, respectively. The dominant phytoplankton species were replaced with Bacillariophyta, such as Synedra sp. and Nitzschia sp., indicating that the restoration of aquatic plants reduces the risk of Cyanophyta blooms. Zooplankton species also changed in the restoration area, especially during summer. The density of pollution-tolerant Rotifer and Protozoa decreased by 31.06 % and 27.22 %, while the density of clean water indicating Cladocera increased by 101.19 %. We further calculated the diversity and evenness index of phytoplankton and zooplankton within and outside the restoration area. The results showed that the Shannon-Weaver index for phytoplankton and zooplankton in the restoration area was 2.1 and 1.91, which was higher than those in the river (1.84 and 1.82). This further confirmed that aquatic plant restoration has positive effects. This study can provide a practical reference and theoretical basis for the implementation of water ecological restoration projects in other reclaimed water rivers in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ai Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenze Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueli Huang
- Beijing Shanheyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Shahe Town, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaoyan Long
- Beijing Shanheyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Shahe Town, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuqi Du
- Beijing Shanheyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Shahe Town, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dan Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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Li W, Dai T, Liu J, Zhong J, Wu K, Gao G, Chen Y, Fan H. Ferric- and calcium-loaded red soil assist colonization of submerged macrophyte for the in-situ remediation of eutrophic shallow lake: From mesocosm experiment to field enclosure application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171730. [PMID: 38492603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Eutrophication and its resulting harmful algal blooms greatly reduce the ecosystem services of natural waters. The use of modified clay materials to assist the phytoremediation of eutrophic water is a promising technique. In this study, ferric chloride and calcium hydroxide were respectively loaded on red soil for algal flocculation and phosphorus inactivation. A two-by-two factorial mesocosm experiment with and without the application of ferric- and calcium- loaded red soil (FA), and with and without planting the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans was conducted for the in-situ repair of eutrophic water and sediment. Furthermore, field enclosure application was carried out to verify the feasibility of the technology. At the end of the mesocosm experiment, the total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in water were reduced by 81.8 %, 63.3 %, and 62.0 %, respectively, and orthophosphate phosphorus concentration in the sediment-water interface decreased by 90.2 % in the FA + V. natans group compared with those in the control group. The concentration and proportion of chlorophyll-a in cyanobacteria decreased by 89.8 % and 71.2 %, respectively, in the FA + V. natans group. The content of active phosphorus in V. natans decreased and that of inert phosphorus increased in the FA + V. natans group, compared with those in the V. natans alone group, thus may reducing the risk of phosphorus release after decomposing of V. natans. The sediment bacterial diversity index did not change significantly among treatments. Field enclosure application have also been successful, with chlorophyll-a concentration in the water of treated enclosure decreased from above 200 μg/L to below 10 μg/L, and phosphorus concentration in the water decreased from >0.6 mg/L to <0.02 mg/L. These results demonstrated that the FA in combination with submerged macrophyte planting had great potential for the in-situ remediation of eutrophic water, especially those with severe algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Taotao Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Eco-hydraulic Technology Innovation Center of Poyang Lake Basin, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jiayou Zhong
- Jiangxi Provincial Eco-hydraulic Technology Innovation Center of Poyang Lake Basin, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang, PR China.
| | - Kun Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Guiqing Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Houbao Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
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Barbosa M, Lefler FW, Berthold DE, Gettys LA, Leary JK, Laughinghouse HD. Macrophyte coverage drives microbial community structure and interactions in a shallow sub-tropical lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171414. [PMID: 38442760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Shallow lakes are typically dominated by macrophytes, which have important functional roles regulating trophic conditions and creating biological habitat. Macrophytes have been shown to strongly influence water chemistry and shape microbial communities in shallow lakes. In Florida, many large, shallow lakes are dominated by alien invasive, submersed macrophytes, such as hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata [L.F.] Royle) and are intensively managed to reduce infestations and contain the spread of these alien invasive macrophytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of large (40 ha) herbicidal and mechanical control treatments on a large lake located in Central Florida that resulted in the reduction of Hydrilla and concomitant changes in water chemistry and microbial communities (both bacteria and protists [microbial eukaryotes]). We observed a considerable decrease in macrophyte coverage associated with plant control treatments as well as a temporal change in macrophyte coverage in Lake Tohopekaliga. We found that changes in macrophyte coverage, regardless of treatment type, significantly affected the water chemistry of the lake, resulting in a sharp increase of chlorophyll a concentration as well as an increase in turbidity with the decrease of macrophyte coverage. Moreover, the decline in macrophytes led to decreases in microbial community diversity with over-representation of phototrophic functional groups. Specifically, we observed an increase in cyanobacteria with the decrease in macrophyte coverage. Our study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of macrophyte control. Although there was an initial decrease in macrophyte coverage associated with the chemical and mechanical control of aquatic plants, after a few months, we found a considerable increase in coverage. In addition, the increase of cyanobacterial relative abundance demonstrates the possible consequences of aquatic plant control such as cyanobacterial blooms if there is a continued decline of macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Barbosa
- Agronomy Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Forrest W Lefler
- Agronomy Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - David E Berthold
- Agronomy Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Lyn A Gettys
- Agronomy Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - James K Leary
- UF/IFAS Center of Aquatic and Invasive Plants, University of Florida, 7922 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - H Dail Laughinghouse
- Agronomy Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, FL 33314, USA.
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Wijesinghe A, Senavirathna MDHJ, Fujino T. Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:2955-2973. [PMID: 38096081 PMCID: wst_2023_387 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Macrophytes play a significant role in shaping plankton communities by shading, controlling water turbulence, and nutrient availability, while also producing allelochemicals causing varying effects on different organisms. Many researchers have shown that when live macrophytes are present, they inhibit cyanobacteria. However, their widespread use is often limited due to numerous concerns, including invasive characteristics. This study focused on the applicability of Egeria densa extracts to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa. We employed pure water and dimethyl sulfoxide, to obtain compounds from E. densa. The results revealed that E. densa aqueous extracts stimulated M. aeruginosa growth, whereas organic extracts exhibited suppression. Specifically, at low concentrations of organics extracts (0.5 and 1 g/L), after day 4, the growth inhibition was confirmed by significantly higher (p < 0.05) stress levels shown in cells treated with low concentrations. The highest inhibition rate of 32% was observed at 0.5 g/L. However, high concentrations of organic extracts (3 and 6 g/L), showed increased growth compared with control. These results suggest that high concentrations of organic extracts from E. densa potentially suppress allelochemical-induced M. aeruginosa inhibition due to high nutrient availability. In comparison with an aqueous solvent, the use of organic solvent seems to be more effective in efficiently extracting allelochemicals from E. densa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashika Wijesinghe
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan E-mail: ;
| | | | - Takeshi Fujino
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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Li D, Wang Y, Qi X, Huang W, Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu Y, Song X, Cao X. A photocatalytic-microbial coupling system for simultaneous removal of harmful algae and enhanced denitrification: Construction, performance and mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132233. [PMID: 37567143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, harmful algal blooms (HABs) have become occurred with increasingly frequency worldwide. High nitrate content is one of the primary causes of eutrophication. Research has shown that photocatalytic materials enhance the effectiveness of microbial denitrification while removing other contaminants, despite some shortcomings. Based on this, we loaded TiO2/C3N4 heterojunctions onto weaveable, flexible carbon fibers and established a novel photocatalytically enhanced microbial denitrification system for the simultaneous removal of harmful algae and Microcystin-LR. We found that 99.35% of Microcystis aeruginosa and 95.34% of MC-LR were simultaneously and effectively removed. Compared to existing denitrification systems, the nitrate removal capacity improved by 72.33%. The denitrifying enzyme activity and electron transport system activity of microorganisms were enhanced by 3.54-3.86 times. Furthermore, the microbial community structure was optimized by the regulation of photogenerated electrons, and the relative abundance of main denitrifying bacteria increased from 50.72% to 66.45%, including Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. More importantly, we found that the increased secretion of extracellular polymeric substances by microorganisms may be responsible for the persistence of the reinforcing effect caused by photogenerated electrons in darkness. The higher removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) achieved by the proposed system would reduce the frequency of HAB outbreaks and prevent the associated secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongpeng Li
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiang Qi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhao
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Kibuye FA, Zamyadi A, Wert EC. A critical review on operation and performance of source water control strategies for cyanobacterial blooms: Part II-mechanical and biological control methods. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 109:102119. [PMID: 34815024 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes current knowledge on mechanical (artificial mixing, hypolimnetic aeration, dredging, and sonication) and biological (biomanipulation, macrophytes, and straws) methods for the management of cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water sources. Emphasis has been given to (i) the mechanism of cyanobacterial control, (ii) successful and unsuccessful case studies, and (iii) factors influencing successful implementation. Most mechanical and biological control strategies offer long-term control. However, their application can be cost-prohibitive and treatment efficacy is influenced by source water geometry and continual nutrient inputs from external sources. When artificial mixing and hypolimnetic oxygenation units are optimized based on source water characteristics, observed water quality benefits included increased dissolved oxygen contents, reduced internal loading of nutrients, and lower concentrations of reduced ions . Treatment efficacy during oxygenation and aeration was derailed by excessive sedimentation of organic matter and sediment characteristics such as low Fe/P ratios. Dredging is beneficial for contaminated sediment removal, but it is too costly to be a practical bloom control strategy for most systems. Sonication control methods have contradictory findings requiring further research to evaluate the efficacy and applicability for field-scale control of cyanobacteria. Biological control methods such as biomanipulation offer long-term treatment benefits; however, investigations on the mechanisms of field-scale cyanobacterial control are still limited, particularly with the use of macrophytes and straws. Each control method has site-specific strengths, limitations, and ecological impacts. Reduction of external nutrient inputs should still be a significant focus of restoration efforts as treatment benefits from mechanical and biological control were commonly offset by continued nutrient inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith A Kibuye
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States.
| | - Arash Zamyadi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), 1G, Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia; Water Research Australia (WaterRA) Melbourne Based Position Hosted by Melbourne Water, 990 La Trobe St, Docklands VIC 3008, Australia
| | - Eric C Wert
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States.
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