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Wang S, Wang C, Xie L, Li Y, Siddique KH, Qi X, Luo H, Yang G, Hou Z, Wang X, Liang J, Xie X, Liu DL, Zhang F. Optimizing biochar application for enhanced cotton and sugar beet production in Xinjiang: a comprehensive study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6626-6639. [PMID: 38523343 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimizing biochar application is vital for enhancing crop production and ensuring sustainable agricultural production. A 3-year field experiment was established to explore the effects of varying the biochar application rate (BAR) on crop growth, quality, productivity and yields. BAR was set at 0, 10, 50 and 100 t ha-1 in 2018; 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 t ha-1 in 2019; and 0, 10, 25 and 30 t ha-1 in 2020. Crop quality and growth status and production were evaluated using the dynamic technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution with the entropy weighted method (DTOPSIS-EW), principal component analysis (PCA), membership function analysis (MFA), gray relation analysis (GRA) and the fuzzy Borda combination evaluation method. RESULTS Low-dose BAR (≤ 25 t ha-1 for cotton; ≤ 50 t ha-1 for sugar beet) effectively increased biomass, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), water and fertility (N, P and K) productivities, and yield. Biochar application increased the salt absorption and sugar content in sugar beet, with the most notable increases being 116.45% and 20.35%, respectively. Conversely, BAR had no significant effect on cotton fiber quality. The GRA method was the most appropriate for assessing crop growth and quality. The most indicative parameters for reflecting cotton and sugarbeet growth and quality status were biomass and LAI. The 10 t ha-1 BAR consistently produced the highest scores and was the most economically viable option, as evaluated by DTOPSIS-EW. CONCLUSION The optimal biochar application strategy for improving cotton and sugar beet cultivation in Xinjiang, China, is 10 t ha-1 biochar applied continuously. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Wang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Lulu Xie
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Kadambot Hm Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xingyun Qi
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Honghai Luo
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhenan Hou
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiaping Liang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiangwen Xie
- Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - De Li Liu
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Gulbali Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Fucang Zhang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
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Zhou J, Zhang S, Lv J, Tang C, Zhang H, Fang Y, Tavakkoli E, Ge T, Luo Y, Cai Y, Yu B, White JC, Li Y. Maize straw increases while its biochar decreases native organic carbon mineralization in a subtropical forest soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173606. [PMID: 38823704 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Organic soil amendments have been widely adopted to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in agroforestry ecosystems. However, the contrasting impacts of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter on native SOC mineralization and the underlying mechanisms mediating those processes remain poorly understood. Here, an 80-day experiment was conducted to compare the effects of maize straw and its derived biochar on native SOC mineralization within a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest soil. The quantity and quality of SOC, the expression of microbial functional genes concerning soil C cycling, and the activity of associated enzymes were determined. Maize straw enhanced while its biochar decreased the emissions of native SOC-derived CO2. The addition of maize straw (cf. control) enhanced the O-alkyl C proportion, activities of β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH) and dehydrogenase (DH), and abundances of GH48 and cbhI genes, while lowered aromatic C proportion, RubisCO enzyme activity, and cbbL abundance; the application of biochar induced the opposite effects. In all treatments, the cumulative native SOC-derived CO2 efflux increased with enhanced O-alkyl C proportion, activities of BG, CBH, and DH, and abundances of GH48 and cbhI genes, and with decreases in aromatic C, RubisCO enzyme activity and cbbL gene abundance. The enhanced emissions of native SOC-derived CO2 by the maize straw were associated with a higher O-alkyl C proportion, activities of BG and CBH, and abundance of GH48 and cbhI genes, as well as a lower aromatic C proportion and cbbL gene abundance, while biochar induced the opposite effects. We concluded that maize straw induced positive priming, while its biochar induced negative priming within a subtropical forest soil, due to the contrasting microbial responses resulted from changes in SOC speciation and compositions. Our findings highlight that biochar application is an effective approach for enhancing soil C stocks in subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junyan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Caixian Tang
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Haibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Ehsan Tavakkoli
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Tida Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Luo
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Bing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Yongfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Liu S, Cheng X, Lv Y, Zhou Y, Zhou G, Shi Y. Responses of Soil Carbon and Microbial Residues to Degradation in Moso Bamboo Forest. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1526. [PMID: 38891335 PMCID: PMC11174951 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens) is known for its high capacity to sequester atmospheric carbon (C), which has a unique role to play in the fight against global warming. However, due to rising labor costs and falling bamboo prices, many Moso bamboo forests are shifting to an extensive management model without fertilization, resulting in gradual degradation of Moso bamboo forests. However, many Moso bamboo forests are being degraded due to rising labor costs and declining bamboo timber prices. To delineate the effect of degradation on soil microbial carbon sequestration, we instituted a rigorous analysis of Moso bamboo forests subjected to different degradation durations, namely: continuous management (CK), 5 years of degradation (D-5), and 10 years of degradation (D-10). Our inquiry encompassed soil strata at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, scrutinizing alterations in soil organic carbon(SOC), water-soluble carbon(WSOC), microbial carbon(MBC)and microbial residues. We discerned a positive correlation between degradation and augmented levels of SOC, WSOC, and MBC across both strata. Furthermore, degradation escalated concentrations of specific soil amino sugars and microbial residues. Intriguingly, extended degradation diminished the proportional contribution of microbial residuals to SOC, implying a possible decline in microbial activity longitudinally. These findings offer a detailed insight into microbial C processes within degraded bamboo ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Xuekun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Yulong Lv
- Forestry Bureau of Anji County, An’ji 313300, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
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Ji C, E T, Cheng Y, Yang S, Chen L, Wang D, Wang Y, Li Y. Preparation of Mn modified waste dander biochar and its effect on soil carbon sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118147. [PMID: 38220076 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In order to reduce the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) and enhance the ability of soil carbon sequestration. Mn-modified waste dander biochar (Mn-BC) was successfully prepared via impregnation and pyrolysis, and MnSO4 was formed on its surface. Mn-BC increases the carbon retention and reduces the emissions of CO2 and SO2 in way of forming CO, Mn-O-C bond and MnSO4. At the same time, the stability of the original biochar was reserved due to forming a conjugated structure (CC and pyridine-N bond), and the carbon sequestration content was increased to 25.63%. Importantly, the application of Mn-BC can directly regulate the transformation of microbial bacterial community and lead to create stable carbon dominant bacteria (Firmicutes). And the mineralization rate of SOC is reduced to 0.48 mg CO2/(g·d), together with an increased content of TOC (48.16%), thus the purpose of efficient carbon sequestration is achieved in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao E
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ying Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Daohan Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanfei Wang
- Liaoning Huadian Environmental Testing Co., LTD, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of College Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Xiao S, Gao J, Wang Q, Huang Z, Zhuang G. SOC bioavailability significantly correlated with the microbial activity mediated by size fractionation and soil morphology in agricultural ecosystems. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108588. [PMID: 38527397 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite the fact that physical and chemical processes have been widely proposed to explicate the stabilization mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC), thebioavailability of SOC linked to soil physical structure, microbial community structure, and functional genes remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the SOC division based on bioavailability differences formed by physical isolation, and to clarify the relationships of SOC bioavailability with soil elements, pore characteristics, and microbial activity. Results revealed that soil element abundances such as SOC, TN, and DOC ranked in the same order as the soil porosity as clay > silt ≥ coarse sand > fine sand in both top and sub soil. In contrast to silt and clay, which had reduced SOC bioavailability, fine sand and coarse sand had dramatically enhanced SOC bioavailability compared to the bulk soil. The bacterial and fungal community structure was significantly influenced by particle size, porosity, and soil elements. Copiotrophic bacteria and functional genes were more prevalent in fine sand than clay, which also contained more oligotrophic bacteria. The SOC bioavailability was positively correlated with abundances of functional genes, C degradation genes, and copiotrophic bacteria, but negatively correlated with abundances of soil elements, porosity, oligotrophic bacteria, and microbial biomass (p < 0.05). This indicated that the soil physical structure divided SOC into pools with varying levels of bioavailability, with sand fractions having more bioavailable organic carbon than finer fractions. Copiotrophic Proteobacteria and oligotrophic Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes made up the majority of the bacteria linked to SOC mineralization. Additionally, the fungi Mortierellomycota and Mucoromycota, which are mostly involved in SOC mineralization, may have the potential for oligotrophic metabolism. Our results indicated that particle-size fractionation could influence the SOC bioavailability by restricting SOC accessibility and microbial activity, thus having a significant impact on sustaining soil organic carbon reserves in temperate agricultural ecosystems, and provided a new research direction for organic carbon stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Li J, Xie N, Feng C, Wang C, Huang R, Tao Q, Tang X, Wu Y, Luo Y, Li Q, Li B. Pore size and organic carbon of biochar limit the carbon sequestration potential of Bacillus cereus SR. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116229. [PMID: 38508101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-fixing functional strain-loaded biochar may have significant potential in carbon sequestration given the global warming situation. The carbon-fixing functional strain Bacillus cereus SR was loaded onto rice straw biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures with the anticipation of clarifying the carbon sequestration performance of this strain on biochar and the interaction effects with biochar. During the culture period, the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon in biochar changed. This finding indicated that B. cereus SR utilized organic carbon for survival and enhanced carbon sequestration on biochar to increase organic carbon, manifested by changes in CO2 emissions and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme activity. Linear regression analysis showed that the strain was likely to consume DOC on 300 °C biochar, although the Rubisco enzyme activity was higher. In contrast, the strain had a higher carbon sequestration potential on 500 °C biochar. Correlation analysis showed that Rubisco enzyme activity was controlled by the physical structure of the biochar. Our results highlight the differences in the survival mode and carbon sequestration potential of B. cereus SR on biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ningyi Xie
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changchun Feng
- China National Tobacco Corporation Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Liao K, Tao Y, Zeng Y, Tu J, She S, Fu Y, Hou L, Chen L. A feasible method of induced biological soil crust propagation through the inoculation of moss and addition of soil amendments in a Pb-Zn tailing pond. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168569. [PMID: 37981134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The stacking of tailings results in serious environmental pollution and plant growth difficulty. However, moss and microorganisms can successfully colonize in tailings to form biological soil crusts (BSCs) and provide a feasible means to ecologically restore tailing reservoirs. Nonetheless, information on this approach is scarce. In this study, a 90 day field experiment was conducted to form BSCs in a Pb-Zn tailing pond in Jianshui County, China by inoculating in-situ moss crust fragments and adding three soil amendments. Results showed that induced BSCs successfully propagated, and the biomass increased to 15.51-20.33 times the initial value. Moss inoculation considerably increased the soil moisture, water-holding capacity, and phosphatase by 9.2 %, 8.8 %, and 64.0 %, respectively, and decreased exchangeable fraction Pb by 30.7 %. The co-inoculation of moss and biochar remarkably increased soil moisture, water-holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, sucrase, urease, and phosphatase activity by 22.3 %, 23.4 %, 116 %, 80.5 %, 28.6 %, and 240 %, respectively, and decreased the bulk density by 13.3 %. The addition of red soil reduced the total contents of Pb and Zn, whereas that of the stabilizer increased the pH and decreased the bioavailability of Pb and Zn. Co-inoculation greatly increased the biotic community species richness and changed their structure and function. The dominant photosynthetic eukaryotes shifted from Synechococcales to Oscillatoriales. Bacterial nutritional types shifted from chemoautotrophy to photoautotrophy and chemoautotrophy, and fungal nutritional types changed from oligotrophy to copiotrophy. These changes drove alterations in bacterial and fungal community structures. These results indicated that the propagation of induced BSCs can rapidly improve the soil structure and nutrient cycle, restore the biotic abundance and function, and facilitate the soil formation of tailings. Thus, this method holds promise for the ecological restoration of tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Liao
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yue Tao
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yuyang Zeng
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jiawei Tu
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Sijia She
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yaojia Fu
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lianghui Hou
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lanzhou Chen
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Liao K, Tao Y, Tu J, Zeng Y, Li Y, Wang P, Li X, He F, Chen L. Induced and natural moss soil crusts accelerate the C, N, and P cycles of PbZn tailings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168657. [PMID: 37979864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiency is the primary obstacle in tailing ecological restoration besides high heavy metal content. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are known for their C and N fixation capabilities and play a crucial role in soil P cycle. BSCs are widespread in tailings and provide a potential ecological restoration approach. In 2022, we carried out an on-site restoration on a PbZn tailing pond in Yunnan Province, China. BSCs were propagated by natural moss crust fragment inoculation. The induced moss crusts (IMCs) were monitored at 0, 45, 90, and 135 days and compared with natural moss crusts (NMCs). The chlorophyll-a content and abundance of biotic organisms increased over time, reaching a peak at 135 days and surpassing that of NMCs. Moss crusts increased the content of C, N, and P nutrients and enzyme activities in the 0.5 cm surface soil. They also reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb content. Moss crusts significantly increased the content of fulvic/humic and protein-like/polyphenol substances, thereby raising the humic index of soil dissolved organic matter (especially NMCs). Furthermore, moss crusts also raised the abundance of nitrification (AOB and Nsr), denitrification (narG, napA, qnorB, and nosZ), and P-cycling (gcd, appA, phoC, phoA, and phoD) genes, especially IMCs after a 135-day inoculation. NMCs exhibited higher moss abundance measured via eukaryotic photoautotrophs. Moss crusts increased photosynthetic bacteria abundance (e.g., Leptolyngbya and Nostocales) and reduced the dominance of chemoautotrophic bacteria, especially the dark sulfide oxidation bacteria (Betaproteobacteriales). This trend was more pronounced in NMCs. Overall, IMCs can recover the functions of NMCs, and in some cases (e.g., abundance and diversity of biotic community, soil nutrient and N & P cycle genes), even surpass them. Our research provides new insights into the tailing ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Liao
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yue Tao
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jiawei Tu
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yuyang Zeng
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Fan He
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lanzhou Chen
- Wuhan University School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Xie Y, Zhang W, Guo Z, Du X, Fan L, Chen S, Dong Y. Effects of vegetation succession on soil microbial stoichiometry in Phyllstachys edulis stands following abandonment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:164971. [PMID: 37336394 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is China's most important economic bamboo species. With a continuous decline in the value of its shoots and timber and an increase in affiliated labor and production costs, many of these stands have been abandoned, resulting in the occurrence of vegetation succession. Currently, our understanding on changes in soil microbial stoichiometric and entropic effects and associated imbalances following stand abandonment is limited. Accordingly, this study explores three timescales of Ph. edulis stand abandonment (i.e., 0, 9, and 21 years) to investigate soil-microbial carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) dynamics within a 30 cm soil profile. Results showed that (1) following abandonment, vegetation succession significantly influenced soil carbon (Csoil), nitrogen (Nsoil), and phosphorus (Psoil), microbial biomass (Cmic), nitrogen (Nmic), and phosphorus (Pmic), and Csoil:Nsoil:Psoil and Cmic:Nmic:Pmic ratios. Additionally, Csoil, Nsoil, Psoil, Cmic, Nmic, Pmic all increased significantly over time following abandonment. Moreover, Csoil:Nsoil, Cmic:Pmic, and Nmic:Pmic ratios clearly increased while Csoil:Psoil, Nsoil:Psoil, and Cmic:Nmic ratios all significantly decreased. (2) Soil microbial entropy nitrogen (qMBN) and soil microbial imbalances in Cimb:Nimb increased while soil microbial entropy carbon (qMBC), soil microbial entropy phosphorus (qMBP), and soil microbial imbalances in Cimb:Pimb and Nimb:Pimb decreased over time following abandonment. (3) Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that Csoil:Nsoil and Cmic:Pmic ratios were key influencing factors of microbial quotient (qMB), explaining 55.35 % and 24.39 % of variation, respectively. Following abandonment, positive or negative successional impacts on Csoil:Nsoil:Psoil, microbial C, N, P stoichiometric imbalances (Cimb:Nimb:Pimb), and Csoil:Nsoil:Psoil ratios had a positive effect on qMB. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of Csoil:Nsoil:Psoil and Cimb:Nimb:Pimb ratios in regulating qMB induced by vegetation succession following Ph. edulis abandonment, and provide valuable information for vegetation restoration and establishment of bamboo mixed forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xie
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwu Guo
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xuhua Du
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanglin Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yawen Dong
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Wang M, Sun X, Cao B, Chiariello NR, Docherty KM, Field CB, Gao Q, Gutknecht JLM, Guo X, He G, Hungate BA, Lei J, Niboyet A, Le Roux X, Shi Z, Shu W, Yuan M, Zhou J, Yang Y. Long-term elevated precipitation induces grassland soil carbon loss via microbe-plant-soil interplay. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5429-5444. [PMID: 37317051 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global climate models predict that the frequency and intensity of precipitation events will increase in many regions across the world. However, the biosphere-climate feedback to elevated precipitation (eP) remains elusive. Here, we report a study on one of the longest field experiments assessing the effects of eP, alone or in combination with other climate change drivers such as elevated CO2 (eCO2 ), warming and nitrogen deposition. Soil total carbon (C) decreased after a decade of eP treatment, while plant root production decreased after 2 years. To explain this asynchrony, we found that the relative abundances of fungal genes associated with chitin and protein degradation increased and were positively correlated with bacteriophage genes, suggesting a potential viral shunt in C degradation. In addition, eP increased the relative abundances of microbial stress tolerance genes, which are essential for coping with environmental stressors. Microbial responses to eP were phylogenetically conserved. The effects of eP on soil total C, root production, and microbes were interactively affected by eCO2 . Collectively, we demonstrate that long-term eP induces soil C loss, owing to changes in microbial community composition, functional traits, root production, and soil moisture. Our study unveils an important, previously unknown biosphere-climate feedback in Mediterranean-type water-limited ecosystems, namely how eP induces soil C loss via microbe-plant-soil interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Baichuan Cao
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nona R Chiariello
- Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kathryn M Docherty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher B Field
- Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Qun Gao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jessica L M Gutknecht
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xue Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Genhe He
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Red Soil Hilly Region of Jiangxi Province, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Bruce A Hungate
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiesi Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Audrey Niboyet
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, UPEC, Paris, France
- AgroParisTech, Palaiseau, France
| | - Xavier Le Roux
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, INRAE, CNRS, VetAgroSup, UMR INRAE 1418, UMR CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Zhou Shi
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Wensheng Shu
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Yuan
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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11
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Feng J, Yu D, Sinsabaugh RL, Moorhead DL, Andersen MN, Smith P, Song Y, Li X, Huang Q, Liu YR, Chen J. Trade-offs in carbon-degrading enzyme activities limit long-term soil carbon sequestration with biochar addition. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1184-1199. [PMID: 36914985 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment is one of the most promising agricultural approaches to tackle climate change by enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration. Microbial-mediated decomposition processes are fundamental for the fate and persistence of sequestered C in soil, but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Here, we synthesise 923 observations regarding the effects of biochar addition (over periods ranging from several weeks to several years) on soil C-degrading enzyme activities from 130 articles across five continents worldwide. Our results showed that biochar addition increased soil ligninase activity targeting complex phenolic macromolecules by 7.1%, but suppressed cellulase activity degrading simpler polysaccharides by 8.3%. These shifts in enzyme activities explained the most variation of changes in soil C sequestration across a wide range of climatic, edaphic and experimental conditions, with biochar-induced shift in ligninase:cellulase ratio correlating negatively with soil C sequestration. Specifically, short-term (<1 year) biochar addition significantly reduced cellulase activity by 4.6% and enhanced soil organic C sequestration by 87.5%, whereas no significant responses were observed for ligninase activity and ligninase:cellulase ratio. However, long-term (≥1 year) biochar addition significantly enhanced ligninase activity by 5.2% and ligninase:cellulase ratio by 36.1%, leading to a smaller increase in soil organic C sequestration (25.1%). These results suggest that shifts in enzyme activities increased ligninase:cellulase ratio with time after biochar addition, limiting long-term soil C sequestration with biochar addition. Our work provides novel evidence to explain the diminished soil C sequestration with long-term biochar addition and suggests that earlier studies may have overestimated soil C sequestration with biochar addition by failing to consider the physiological acclimation of soil microorganisms over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dailin Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Robert L Sinsabaugh
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87102, USA
| | - Daryl L Moorhead
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43537, USA
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Yanting Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
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12
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Shu X, Hu Y, Liu W, Xia L, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Liu W, Zhang Y. Linking between soil properties, bacterial communities, enzyme activities, and soil organic carbon mineralization under ecological restoration in an alpine degraded grassland. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131836. [PMID: 37180269 PMCID: PMC10167489 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization is affected by ecological restoration and plays an important role in the soil C cycle. However, the mechanism of ecological restoration on SOC mineralization remains unclear. Here, we collected soils from the degraded grassland that have undergone 14 years of ecological restoration by planting shrubs with Salix cupularis alone (SA) and, planting shrubs with Salix cupularis plus planting mixed grasses (SG), with the extremely degraded grassland underwent natural restoration as control (CK). We aimed to investigate the effect of ecological restoration on SOC mineralization at different soil depths, and to address the relative importance of biotic and abiotic drivers of SOC mineralization. Our results documented the statistically significant impacts of restoration mode and its interaction with soil depth on SOC mineralization. Compared with CK, the SA and SG increased the cumulative SOC mineralization but decreased C mineralization efficiency at the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depths. Random Forest analyses showed that soil depth, microbial biomass C (MBC), hot-water extractable organic C (HWEOC), and bacterial community composition were important indicators that predicted SOC mineralization. Structural equal modeling indicated that MBC, SOC, and C-cycling enzymes had positive effects on SOC mineralization. Bacterial community composition regulated SOC mineralization via controlling microbial biomass production and C-cycling enzyme activities. Overall, our study provides insights into soil biotic and abiotic factors in association with SOC mineralization, and contributes to understanding the effect and mechanism of ecological restoration on SOC mineralization in a degraded grassland in an alpine region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Shu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufu Hu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Longlong Xia
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanling Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Ayaz M, Feizienė D, Tilvikienė V, Feiza V, Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė E, Ullah S. Biochar with Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduces Direct Greenhouse Gas Emission Flux from Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1002. [PMID: 36903863 PMCID: PMC10004753 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural waste can have a catastrophic impact on climate change, as it contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions if not managed sustainably. Swine-digestate-manure-derived biochar may be one sustainable way to manage waste and tackle GHG emissions in temperate climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how such biochar could be used to reduce soil GHG emissions. Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and pea crops in 2020 and 2021, respectively, were treated with 25 t ha-1 of swine-digestate-manure-derived biochar (B1) and 120 kg ha-1 (N1) and 160 kg ha-1 (N2) of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrate). Biochar with or without nitrogen fertilizer substantially lowered GHG emissions compared to the control treatment (without any treatment) or treatments without biochar application. Carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions were directly measured using static chamber technology. Cumulative emissions and global warming potential (GWP) followed the same trend and were significantly lowered in biochar-treated soils. The influences of soil and environmental parameters on GHG emissions were, therefore, investigated. A positive correlation was found between both moisture and temperature and GHG emissions. Thus, biochar made from swine digestate manure may be an effective organic amendment to reduce GHG emissions and address climate change challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Feizienė
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - Vita Tilvikienė
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - Virginijus Feiza
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - Edita Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė
- Institute of Environmental Protection, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sana Ullah
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
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14
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Cui W, Liu Y, Li W, Pei L, Xu S, Sun Y, Liu J, Wang F. Remediation Agents Drive Bacterial Community in a Cd-Contaminated Soil. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11010053. [PMID: 36668779 PMCID: PMC9861843 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil remediation agents (SRAs) such as biochar and hydroxyapatite (HAP) have shown a promising prospect in in situ soil remediation programs and safe crop production. However, the effects of SRAs on soil microbial communities still remain unclear, particularly under field conditions. Here, a field case study was conducted to compare the effects of biochar and HAP on soil bacterial communities in a slightly Cd-contaminated farmland grown with sweet sorghum of different planting densities. We found that both biochar and HAP decreased the diversity and richness of soil bacteria, but they differently altered bacterial community structure. Biochar decreased Chao1 (-7.3%), Observed_species (-8.6%), and Shannon indexes (-1.3%), and HAP caused Shannon (-2.0%) and Simpson indexes (-0.1%) to decline. The relative abundance (RA) of some specific taxa and marker species was differently changed by biochar and HAP. Overall, sweet sorghum cultivation did not significantly alter soil bacterial diversity and richness but caused changes in the RA of some taxa. Some significant correlations were observed between soil properties and bacterial abundance. In conclusion, soil remediation with biochar and HAP caused alterations in soil bacterial communities. Our findings help to understand the ecological impacts of SRAs in soil remediation programs.
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15
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Hou Y, Jia R, Ji P, Li B, Zhu J. Organic matter degradation and bacterial communities in surface sediment influenced by Procambarus clarkia. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:985555. [PMID: 36338081 PMCID: PMC9634481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.985555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To alleviate excessive organic matter (OM) accumulation in sediments and reduce the risk of endogenous water pollution and eutrophication in aquaculture ponds, an 84-day experiment investigated the effect of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii on the OM degradation and bacterial communities in sediments. The experiment established two groups, P. clarkia treatment and control (represented as PG and CG, respectively), with three replicates for each group. At the end of experiment, the total, light fraction, and heavy fraction organic matter concentrations in the sediment of the PG group were significantly lower than those of the CG group. Significantly higher oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) and more extensively degraded OM, indicated by fatty acids, were observed in the PG group. Compared to the CG group, the average OM removal efficiency induced by crayfish in the PG group was 15.24%. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) high-throughput sequencing, we investigated the differences in benthic bacterial communities between the PG and CG groups. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that Nitrospirae, Nitrospira, Alphaproteobacteria, OLB14, Nitrospirales, Rhodobacterales, Rhizobiales, Micrococcales, Nitrospiraceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Nitrospira, Rhodobacter, Thermomonas, and Denitratisoma were significantly enriched in the PG group. Four significantly different functional groups related to OM degradation were determined between the PG and CG groups according to the functional annotation of procaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) analysis. These four functional groups, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, manganese oxidation, dark iron oxidation, and dark sulfide oxidation, showed significantly higher relative abundances in the PG group. Overall, P. clarkia effectively increased the ORP values of sediments to provide favorable conditions for OM degradation and changed the composition and function of bacterial communities to improve bacterial abilities for OM decomposition, thereby promoting OM degradation in the sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peng Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Li,
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- Jian Zhu,
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16
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Yang Y, Sun K, Liu J, Chen Y, Han L. Changes in soil properties and CO 2 emissions after biochar addition: Role of pyrolysis temperature and aging. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156333. [PMID: 35640750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been regarded as an effective amendment for soil carbon sequestration and soil quality improvement. However, it remains unclear how pyrolysis temperature and biochar aging impact the responses of soil properties and CO2 emissions to biochar addition. Here, we investigated the effect of biochar on soil properties and CO2 emissions in a laboratory incubation using soils amended with/without fresh biochar produced at 300 (BC300), 450 (BC450), and 600 °C (BC600) and their corresponding naturally aged samples (aged in soil for 360 days). The results showed that biochar significantly increased soil total nitrogen (by 8-36%), available phosphorus (by 19-69%) and available potassium (by 1.5-4.2-fold) throughout the incubation. Both fresh and aged biochar promoted the formation of soil macroaggregate at the end of the incubation. Moreover, fresh and aged BC300 increased the soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) content, whereas for BC450 and BC600, at the beginning, the content of soil DOM was reduced, but the effects finally became insignificant. Generally, fresh biochar had no significant effect on soil enzyme activities and soil bacterial richness and diversity, but an inhibitory effect occurred in the aged samples. Both fresh and aged BC300 increased soil CO2 emissions, which was due to the biochar-induced increase in soil DOM content and enrichment of copiotrophic bacteria (Proteobacteria) as well as the decline of oligotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteriota). A significant decrease in soil CO2 emissions was observed after fresh BC450 and BC600 addition, owing to the biochar-induced decline in soil DOM content, while an opposite trend was found in aged samples, which could be attributed to the shift of the dominant soil phylum from Acidobacteriota to Proteobacteria. These findings enhance our understanding of biochar's potential to improve soil quality and sequester soil carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yalan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lanfang Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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17
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Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zhan L, Xu X, Bi R, Xiong Z. Biochar addition stabilized soil carbon sequestration by reducing temperature sensitivity of mineralization and altering the microbial community in a greenhouse vegetable field. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114972. [PMID: 35378346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used for soil carbon sequestration and fertility improvement. However, the effects of biochar interacted with nitrogen (N) on the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial community have not been thoroughly understood, particularly no reports have been published on the long term effects of biochar in vegetable field. Here, we examined soil properties, SOC mineralization and microbial community affecting by biochar (0, 20 and 40 t ha-1; C0, C1 and C2, respectively), N (0 or 240 t ha-1; N0 or N1, respectively) and their interaction in a greenhouse vegetable field. Results indicated that biochar addition increased soil pH, SOC, recalcitrant C pool, especially for the 40 t ha-1 treatment. Biochar addition generally decreased soil C-cycling enzyme activity while increasing N and P-cycling enzyme and oxidase activities. Biochar combined with N addition reduced SOC mineralization rate and metabolic quotient (qCO2) by 10.2-22.0% and 6.85-30.4%, respectively, across 15-35 °C and the temperature sensitivity (Q10) by 0.96-4.70%, except for the N1C2 at 25-35 °C. Apparent changes in bacterial alpha diversity and community structures were observed among treatments. Besides, biochar mixed with N application significantly enhanced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased Acidobacteria, while did not result in significant differences in fungal diversity and community composition. Redundancy analysis indicated that the microbial community composition shifts induced by the interaction between N and biochar were attributed to the changes in soil chemical properties, such as pH and SOC. Overall, the combination of biochar and N fertilizer is recommended to improve SOC sequestration potential and regulate bacterial community diversity and composition in vegetable field for sustainable intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Liping Zhan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruiyu Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhengqin Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Li R, Zhang L. Effects of radiation with diverse spectral wavelengths on photodegradation during green waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154166. [PMID: 35227714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composting is currently the best way to dispose of green waste (GW), which contains lignocellulose and other refractory substances that can prolong composting time. Although the natural degradation of litter involves photodegradation, few studies have considered the effects of photodegradation on GW composting. The current research investigated the influence of radiation with different spectral wavelengths (light-transmitting films were used to filter sunlight) on composting efficiency. Among six treatments that differed in the spectral wavelength of radiation, a no-UV-A treatment (the radiation between 320 nm and 380 nm was blocked by light-transmitting film) produced the best-quality compost product in only 34 days. Compared to the control (the full spectrum of light), the no-UV-A treatment increased total porosity, humus coefficient, optimal particle-size, and germination index by 10%, 2%, 3%, and 9%, respectively; increased available phosphorus, available potassium, and nitrate nitrogen by 21%, 17%, and 21%, respectively; decreased electrical conductivity, residual organic matter, and ammonium nitrogen by 9%, 13%, and 14%, respectively; and increased dehydrogenase, cellulase, and laccase activity by 76%, 66%, and 23%, respectively. These results indicated that the no-UV-A treatment resulted in the most complete degradation of lignocelluloses, the best nutrient properties, and the highest level of microbial activity in the GW compost. In addition, the bulk density, water-holding capacity, total porosity, void ratio, particle-size distribution, and coarseness index of the compost product were the closest to ideal ranges with the no-UV-A treatment and indicated that the no-UV-A compost product had the best granular structure in support of aeration, water drainage, and water retention. In a phytotoxicity assay, the compost produced by the no-UV-A treatment had the highest root length, seed germination rate, and germination index, indicating that the compost product was non-phytotoxic, mature, and suitable for use in agriculture and forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinan Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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19
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Chen Z, Kumar A, Brookes PC, Kuzyakov Y, Luo Y, Xu J. Three source-partitioning of CO 2 fluxes based on a dual-isotope approach to investigate interactions between soil organic carbon, glucose and straw. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152163. [PMID: 34875335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inputs of available organic materials into soil alter the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM), a process called priming effect. Organic carbon (C) inputs in terrestrial ecosystems are common from various sources (e.g. rhizodeposits, plant residues, microbial necromass) simultaneously, but their interactions as well as mutual effects on SOM decomposition are unknown because multisource partitioning of pools and fluxes was not available. A dual-isotope approach (identical materials except for straw being possessed two 13C abundances) was adopted to partition total CO2 emission from three C sources: SOM, glucose and straw. Cumulative CO2 efflux was quantified into straw-derived (558 μg C g-1), glucose-derived (480 μg C g-1) and SOM-derived (58 μg C g-1) CO2 during the first 7 days of incubation. Glucose or straw addition induced positive SOM priming, whereas glucose combined with straw resulted in higher SOC loss than that induced by single addition of glucose or straw after day 7. The Spearman's correlation showed that the interactions between glucose and straw shifted from increased CO2 evolved during their intensive decomposition (days 1 to 3) to mutual constraint on mineralization during the late stage (days 5 to 7). This study provides evidences for the suitability of the dual-isotope approach to partition multiple sources of CO2 fluxes and C pools, and evaluates their individual or mutual contributions to SOM priming, thus, implicating C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Chen
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Amit Kumar
- Chair of Ecosystem Functioning and Services, Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; Agro-Technological Institute, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu Luo
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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20
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Shen MC, Zhang YZ, Bo GD, Yang B, Wang P, Ding ZY, Wang ZB, Yang JM, Zhang P, Yuan XL. Microbial Responses to the Reduction of Chemical Fertilizers in the Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:812316. [PMID: 35087808 PMCID: PMC8787768 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.812316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The overuse of chemical fertilizers has resulted in the degradation of the physicochemical properties and negative changes in the microbial profiles of agricultural soil. These changes have disequilibrated the balance in agricultural ecology, which has resulted in overloaded land with low fertility and planting obstacles. To protect the agricultural soil from the effects of unsustainable fertilization strategies, experiments of the reduction of nitrogen fertilization at 10, 20, and 30% were implemented. In this study, the bacterial responses to the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer were investigated. The bacterial communities of the fertilizer-reducing treatments (D10F, D20F, and D30F) were different from those of the control group (CK). The alpha diversity was significantly increased in D20F compared to that of the CK. The analysis of beta diversity revealed variation of the bacterial communities between fertilizer-reducing treatments and CK, when the clusters of D10F, D20F, and D30F were separated. Chemical fertilizers played dominant roles in changing the bacterial community of D20F. Meanwhile, pH, soil organic matter, and six enzymes (soil sucrase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, urease, acid phosphatase, and nitrite reductase) were responsible for the variation of the bacterial communities in fertilizer-reducing treatments. Moreover, four of the top 20 genera (unidentified JG30-KF-AS9, JG30-KF-CM45, Streptomyces, and Elsterales) were considered as key bacteria, which contributed to the variation of bacterial communities between fertilizer-reducing treatments and CK. These findings provide a theoretical basis for a fertilizer-reducing strategy in sustainable agriculture, and potentially contribute to the utilization of agricultural resources through screening plant beneficial bacteria from native low-fertility soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chong Shen
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guo-Dong Bo
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | | | - Zhao-Bao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian-Ming Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Long Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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21
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Changes in Soil’s Chemical and Biochemical Properties Induced by Road Geometry in the Hyrcanian Temperate Forests. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Forest roads play an important role in providing access to forest resources. However, they can significantly impact the adjacent soil and vegetation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of road geometry (RG) on the chemical and biochemical properties of adjacent soils to assist in environmentally friendly forest road planning in mountainous areas. Litter layer, canopy cover, soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, total nitrogen (TN), the activity of dehydrogenase (DHA), and urease (UA) enzymes at a 0–20 cm soil depth were measured by sampling at various distances from the road edge to 100 m into the forest interior. The measurements were done for three road geometries (RG), namely straight, curved, and bent roads, to ensure data heterogeneity and to reflect the main geometric features of the forest roads. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the effects of RG on the measured variables were statistically significant. Spearman’s correlation test clearly showed a strong positive correlation between environmental conditions, SOC, TN, DHA, and UA for given RGs. Based on piecewise linear regression analysis, the down slope direction of the straight and the inside direction of bent roads accounted for the lowest and highest ranges of ecological effects, respectively. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of the environmental effects brought about by road geometry, which can be important for forest road managers when applying the best management practices.
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22
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Liu Y, Luo W, Mu G, Wu X, Su S, Zhang Z. C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics of the soil–vegetation system of three rare tree species growing on Mount Fanjing in Southwest China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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