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Shi R, Zhang F, Shen Y, Shen J, Xu B, Kuang B, Xu Z, Jin L, Tang Q, Tian X, Wang Z. Aerosol liquid water in PM 2.5 and its roles in secondary aerosol formation at a regional site of Yangtze River Delta. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 138:684-696. [PMID: 38135431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) plays an important role in secondary aerosol formation. In this study, a whole year field campaign was conducted at Shanxi in north Zhejiang Province during 2021. ALWC estimated by ISORROPIA-II was then investigated to explore its characteristics and relationship with secondary aerosols. ALWC exhibited a highest value in spring (66.38 µg/m3), followed by winter (45.08 µg/m3), summer (41.64 µg/m3), and autumn (35.01 µg/m3), respectively. It was supposed that the secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) were facilitated under higher ALWC conditions (RH > 80%), while the secondary organic species tended to form under lower ALWC levels. Higher RH (> 80%) promoted the NO3- formation via gas-particle partitioning, while SO42- was generated at a relative lower RH (> 50%). The ALWC was more sensitive to NO3- (R = 0.94) than SO42- (R = 0.90). Thus, the self-amplifying processes between the ALWC and SIA enhanced the particle mass growth. The sensitivity of ALWC and OX (NO2 + O3) to secondary organic carbon (SOC) varied in different seasons at Shanxi, more sensitive to aqueous-phase reactions (daytime R = 0.84; nighttime R = 0.54) than photochemical oxidation (daytime R = 0.23; nighttime R = 0.41) in wintertime with a high level of OX (daytime: 130-140 µg/m3; nighttime: 100-140 µg/m3). The self-amplifying process of ALWC and SIA and the aqueous-phase formation of SOC will enhance aerosol formation, contributing to air pollution and reduction of visibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Shi
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yemin Shen
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiasi Shen
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Bingye Xu
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Binyu Kuang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengning Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xudong Tian
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China.
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Liu S, Luo Q, Feng M, Zhou L, Qiu Y, Li C, Song D, Tan Q, Yang F. Enhanced nitrate contribution to light extinction during haze pollution in Chengdu: Insights based on an improved multiple linear regression model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121309. [PMID: 36822310 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the annual mean concentration of PM2.5 has decreased in Chengdu, China; however, atmospheric visibility has not improved accordingly. Low-visibility events occurred even when the PM2.5 mass concentrations were below the national ambient air quality secondary standard (daily mean concentration, 75 μg/m3). In this study, the non-linear relationship between PM2.5 and visibility was analyzed under different NO3- mass fractions in PM2.5 based on 2-year field observation data. The results indicated that NO3- formation contributed to particulate pollution events and reduced atmospheric visibility. Multiple linear regression was used to propose a localized reconstruction equation for the light-scattering coefficient. According to the maximum likelihood estimation method and log-transformed residuals, the mass scattering coefficients (MSEs) of organic matter (OM), NH4NO3, and (NH4)2SO4 in Chengdu were 7.42, 3.83, and 3.80, respectively. OM and NH4NO3 contributed to more than 50% of the light-extinction coefficient (bext). NH4NO3 was the main pollutant causing the substantial increase in bext. Chengdu has a high relative humidity (annual mean 70%), and under such conditions, the contribution of NH4NO3 to bext was considerably enhanced through hygroscopic growth and heterogeneous reactions. This study estimated the localized MSEs of OM, NH4NO3, and (NH4)2SO4 in Chengdu and emphasized that effective control measures to reduce nitrate and its precursors could simultaneously ameliorate air quality and visibility in humid regions with poor atmospheric visibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Miao Feng
- Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China; College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Yang Qiu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Danlin Song
- Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Qinwen Tan
- Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Fumo Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China; College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404020, China; College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Tian P, Zhang N, Li J, Fan X, Guan X, Lu Y, Shi J, Chang Y, Zhang L. Potential influence of fine aerosol chemistry on the optical properties in a semi-arid region. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114678. [PMID: 36341796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding regarding the potential influence of aerosol chemistry on the optical properties does not satisfy accurate evaluation of aerosol radiative effects and precise determination of aerosol sources. We conducted a comprehensive study of the potential influence of aerosol chemistry on the optical properties in a semi-arid region based on various observations. Organic matter was the main contributor to the scattering coefficients followed by secondary inorganic aerosols in all seasons. We further related aerosol absorption to elemental carbon, organic matter, and mineral dust. Results showed that organic matter and mineral dust contributed to >40% of the aerosol absorption in the ultraviolet wavelengths. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the absorption of organic matter and mineral dust in addition to that of elemental carbon. We further investigated the potential influence of chemical composition, especially of organic matter and mineral dust on the optical parameters. Mineral dust contributed to higher absorption efficiency and lower scattering efficiency in winter. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) was mostly sensitive to organic matter and mineral dust in winter and spring, respectively; it was relatively high (i.e., 1.68) in winter and moderate (i.e., 1.42) in spring. Unlike in the other seasons, mineral dust contributed to higher mass absorption efficiency in winter. This work reveals the complexity of the relationship between aerosol chemistry and optical properties, and especially the influence of organic matter and mineral dust on aerosol absorption. The results are highly important regarding both regional air pollution and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Tian
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Naiyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiayun Li
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xiaolu Fan
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xu Guan
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinsen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yi Chang
- Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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