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Huang W, Wang F, Xia X, Fang S, Cheng X, Zhou A, Feng L, Wang D, Luo J. Tannic Acid Modulation of Substrate Utilization, Microbial Community, and Metabolic Traits in Sludge Anaerobic Fermentation for Volatile Fatty Acid Promotion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9792-9803. [PMID: 38780952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic fermentation is a crucial route to realize effective waste activated sludge (WAS) resource recovery and utilization, while the overall efficiency is commonly restrained by undesirable disruptors (i.e., chemical dewatering agents). This work unveiled the unexpectedly positive effects of biodewatering tannic acid (TA) on the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) biosynthesis during WAS anaerobic fermentation. The total VFAs yield was remarkably increased by 15.6 folds with enriched acetate and butyrate in TA-occurred systems. TA was capable to disintegrate extracellular polymeric substances to promote the overall organics release. However, TA further modulated the soluble proteins structure by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in the decrease of proteins bioavailability and consequential alteration of metabolic substrate feature. These changes reshaped the microbial community and stimulated adaptive regulatory systems in hydrolytic-acidogenic bacteria. The keystone species for carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., Solobacterium and Erysipelotrichaceae) were preferentially enriched. Also, the typical quorum sensing (i.e., enhancing substrate transport) and two-component systems (i.e., sustaining high metabolic activity) were activated to promote the microbial networks connectivity and ecological cooperative behaviors in response to TA stress. Additionally, the metabolic functions responsible for carbohydrate hydrolysis, transmembrane transport, and intracellular metabolism as well as VFA biosynthesis showed increased relative abundance, which maintained high microbial activities for VFAs biosynthesis. This study underscored the advantages of biodewatering TA for WAS treatment in the context of resource recovery and deciphered the interactive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Xue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Xiaoshi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Aijuan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Leiyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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Yang B, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yang P, Peng S, Yu J, Wang D, Zhang W. Molecular insights into effects of chemical conditioning on dissolved organic phosphorus transformation and bioavailability during sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130809. [PMID: 38723729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus is enriched in waste activated sludge (WAS) during wastewater treatment, and organic phosphorus (OP) is a potential slow-release P fertilizer. The chemical coagulants used in sludge dewatering leave numerous residues in WAS that affect sludge composting. In this study, the effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and polyferric sulfate (PFS) on the bioconversion of dissolved OP (DOP) during sludge composting were investigated. The results revealed that PFS conditioning promoted the transformation and bioavailability of DOP, whereas PAC conditioning inhibited. Results indicated that PFS conditioning enhanced the transformation of OP molecules in the thermophilic phase. Through oxidation and dehydrogenation reactions, 1-hydroxy-pentane-3,4-diol-5-phosphate and D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate with high bioactivity were generated in the PFS-conditioned compost. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments further verified that PFS conditioning enhanced the DOP bioavailability in the compost, whereas PAC conditioning inhibited it. The study has provided molecular insights into the effects of chemical conditioning on DOP conversion during sludge composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zexu Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, China.
| | - Siwei Peng
- Datang Environment Industry Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Junxia Yu
- Wuhan Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang B, Peng S, Zhang Z, Cai S, Yu J, Wang D, Zhang W. Mechanistic insights into chemical conditioning on transformation of dissolved organic matter and plant biostimulants production during sludge aerobic composting. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121446. [PMID: 38489963 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic coagulants (aluminum and iron salt) are widely used to improve sludge dewaterability, resulting in numerous residues in dewatered sludge. Composting refers to the controlled microbial process that converts organic wastes into fertilizer, and coagulant residues in dewatered sludge can affect subsequent compost efficiency and resource recycling, which remains unclear. This work investigated the effects of two typical metal salt coagulants (poly aluminum chloride [PAC] and poly ferric sulfate [PFS]) conditioning on sludge compost. Our results revealed that PAC conditioning inhibited composting with decreased peak temperature, microbial richness, enzymatic reaction intensities, and compost quality, associated with decreased pH and microbial toxicity of aluminum. Nevertheless, PFS conditioning selectively enriched Pseudoxanthomonas sp. and resulted in more fertile compost with increased peak temperature, enzymatic reaction intensities, and humification degree. Spectroscopy and mass difference analyses indicated that PFS conditioning enhanced reaction intensities of labile biopolymers at the thermophilic stage, mainly comprising hydrolyzation (H2O), dehydrogenation (-H2, -H4), oxidation (+O1H2), and other reactions (i.e., +CH2, C2H4O1, C2H6O1). Unlike the common composting process primarily conducts humification at the cooling stage, PFS conditioning changed the main occurrence stage to the thermophilic stage. Non-targeted metabolomics revealed that indole (a humification intermediate) is responsible for the increased humification degree and indoleacetic acid content in the PFS-conditioned compost, which then promoted compost quality. Plant growth experiments further confirmed that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in PFS-conditioned compost produced the maximum plant biomass. This study provided molecular-level evidence that PFS conditioning can promote humification and compost fertility during sludge composting, enabling chemical conditioning optimization for sustainable management of sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Boyuan Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Siwei Peng
- Datang Environmental Industry Group Co., Ltd, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Siying Cai
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Junxia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Dong P, Li J, Woldeyohans AM, Parmentier D, Van Hulle SWH. Coagulation in combination with anaerobic digestion for enhancement of resource recovery from faecal sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120902. [PMID: 38657411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Poorly managed faecal sludge (FS) poses significant challenges to public health and the environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) of FS provides an effective method for energy recovery while reducing FS associated threats. Recognizing the critical role of the dewatering process before AD, this study investigates the synergistic application of chemical coagulation and mesophilic AD for synthetic FS treatment. FeCl3, AlCl3, Fe2(SO4)3, poly ferric sulfate (PFS) and poly aluminium ferric chloride (PAFC) were utilized at varying dosages to examine their impact on FS properties and subsequent biogas production from the dewatered FS. It was found that coagulation enhances sedimentation efficiencies and dewaterability through mechanisms such as charge neutralization, charge patching and bridging, thereby improving the FS feasibility for AD. Notably, polymer coagulant PFS showed good performance in balancing pollutant removal and methane recovery, contributing to facilitating the hydrolysis and acidogenesis microorganisms involved in the AD process. Optimal dosage was identified at 150 mg/g TS (1.7 g/L FS), achieving prominent removal efficiencies for total COD (67%), turbidity (85%), and total phosphorus (60%), while simultaneously enhancing AD performance with specific CH4 production reaching 517 ml CH₄/g VS or 24.8 ml CH₄/g AD wet feedstock compared to 309 ml CH₄/g VS or 2.7 ml CH₄/g AD wet feedstock in untreated FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Dong
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint Martens-Latemlaan 2B, Kortrijk, B-8500, Belgium; Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Belgium.
| | - Jin Li
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint Martens-Latemlaan 2B, Kortrijk, B-8500, Belgium; School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, 710049, PR China
| | - Akalu M Woldeyohans
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint Martens-Latemlaan 2B, Kortrijk, B-8500, Belgium
| | - Dries Parmentier
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint Martens-Latemlaan 2B, Kortrijk, B-8500, Belgium; Noah Water Solutions Bvba, Burchtweg 7, B-9890, Gavere, Belgium
| | - Stijn W H Van Hulle
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint Martens-Latemlaan 2B, Kortrijk, B-8500, Belgium; Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Belgium
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Pasciucco F, Pasciucco E, Castagnoli A, Iannelli R, Pecorini I. Comparing the effects of Al-based coagulants in waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion: Methane yield, kinetics and sludge implications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29282. [PMID: 38623244 PMCID: PMC11016704 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to its effectiveness and ease of application, the process of flocculation and coagulation is often used for pollution removal in wastewater treatment. Most of these coagulants precipitate and accumulate in waste activated sludge (WAS), and could negatively affect sludge treatments, as observed for anaerobic digestion. Nowadays, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are widely discussed because of the current paradigm shift from linear to circular economy, and the treatments performed at the facility should be planned to avoid or reduce adverse effects on other processes. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and aluminum sulfate (AS) on WAS anaerobic digestion, by feeding replicate serum reactors with different levels of coagulant (5, 10 and 20 mg Al/g TS). Reactors without the addition of any coagulants represented the control group. Results revealed that Al-based coagulants inhibited methane production, which decreased as the coagulant addition increased. The inhibition was much more severe in AS-conditioned reactors, showing average reductions in methane yield from 14.4 to 31.7%, compared to the control (167.76 ± 1.88 mL CH4/g VS). Analytical analysis, FTIR and SEM investigations revealed that the addition of coagulants affected the initial conditions of the anaerobic reactors, penalizing the solubilization, hydrolysis and acidogenesis phases. Furthermore, the massive formation of H2S in AS-conditioned reactors played a key role in the suppression of methane phase. On the other hand, the use of coagulant can promote the accumulation and recovery of nutrient in WAS, especially in terms of phosphorus. Our findings will expand research knowledge in this field and guide stakeholders in the choice of coagulants at full scale plant. Future research should focus on reducing the effect of coagulants on methane production by modifying or testing new types of flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pasciucco
- Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Erika Pasciucco
- Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Castagnoli
- Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Renato Iannelli
- Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabella Pecorini
- Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
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6
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Lee E, Jin Min K, Choi H, Young Park K. Impact of dewatering inorganic coagulants on anaerobic digestion treating food waste leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130136. [PMID: 38040303 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of food waste leachate (FWL) provides a viable solution for waste treatment and energy production. Returning solids from digested sludge to the reactor maintains a high microbial concentration and enhances digestion efficiency. However, this requires coagulants because the digestate has low dewaterability. This study analyzed methane production and microbial communities using biochemical methane potential tests for inorganic coagulants (AlCl3, Al2(SO4)3, FeCl3, and Fe2(SO4)3) in FWL treatment. Cumulative methane production was the highest in the control and decreased in the order of Fe2(SO4)3, AlCl3, FeCl3, and Al2(SO4)3. Iron ions inhibited H2S production while aluminum ions increased it compared to the control group. Despite the absence of significant changes in microbial communities following coagulant injection, a substantial increase in damaged cells was observed. These findings highlight the intricate repercussions of coagulant introduction in anaerobic digestion, emphasizing notable alterations in methane production dynamics and the integrity of microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Min
- Department of Tech Center for Research Facilities, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Choi
- Taeyoung E&C, 111 Yeouigongwon-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Park
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Shen D, Zhang P, Wu SL, Long Y, Wei W, Ni BJ. Enhanced biomethane production from waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion by ceramsite and amended Fe 2O 3 ceramsite. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119973. [PMID: 38160547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Wastes recycling and reutilization technique could simultaneously fulfill waste control and energy recovery sustainably, which has attracted increasing attention. This work proposed a novel waste reuse technology utilizing ceramsite and amended Fe2O3-ceramsite made from waste activated sludge (WAS) as additives to promote the yield of methane from WAS anaerobic digestion (AD). Experimental results demonstrated that compared to the control (85.05 ± 0.2 mL CH4/g-VS), the cumulative methane yield was effectively enhanced by 14% and 40% when ceramsite and Fe2O3-ceramsite were added. Further investigation revealed that ceramsite, especially the Fe2O3-ceramsite, enriched the populations of key anaerobes involved in hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis. Meanwhile, potential syntrophic metabolisms between syntrophic bacteria and methanogens were confirmed in the Fe2O3-ceramsite AD system. Mechanisms studies exhibited that ceramsite and Fe2O3-ceramsite reinforced intermediate processes for methane production. The favorable pore structure, enhanced Fe (III) reduction capacity and conductivity also contributed a lot to the AD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pengqu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yuyang Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Luo J, Xia X, Li Y, Fang S, Wang F, Cheng X, Feng L, Huang W, Wu Y. Distinct effects of chemical- and bio- flocculants on the sludge acidogenic fermentation for volatile fatty acids production by affecting the acidogenic steps, microbial community structure and metabolic functions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167207. [PMID: 37730033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Flocculants play crucial roles in sludge treatment, while the specific impact of chemical and bio-flocculants on sludge anaerobic fermentation was unknown. This study unveiled the contrasting effects of chitosan (CTS) and poly‑aluminum chloride (PAC) on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) generation during sludge fermentation. CTS supplementation resulted in 17.2 % increase in VFAs production, while PAC exposure led to 7.6 % reduction compared to the control. Further investigation revealed that CTS facilitated sludge solubilization and hydrolysis, thus providing sufficient organic substrates for VFAs generation. Additionally, environmental-friendly CTS exposure positively influenced the abundance and activity of functional anaerobes, as well as the expression of genes associated with VFAs biosynthesis. In contrast, PAC exposure resulted in the formation of larger sludge flocs, which hindered WAS solubilization and hydrolysis. Meanwhile, its potential microbial toxicity also impeded the microbial metabolic activity (i.e., genetic expressions), resulting in unsatisfactory VFAs production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yuxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiaoshi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Leiyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Sun M, Wang XZ, Xiong RY, Chen X, Zhai LF, Wang S. High-performance biochar-loaded MgAl-layered double oxide adsorbents derived from sewage sludge towards nanoplastics removal: Mechanism elucidation and QSAR modeling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165971. [PMID: 37532050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of sewage sludge for the fabrication of environmental functional materials is highly desirable to achieve pollution mitigation and resource recovery. In the present work, we introduced a novel MgAl-layered double oxide (LDO)@biochar composite adsorbent in-situ fabricated from Al-rich sewage sludge, and its excellent application in nanoplastics adsorption. Initially, fifteen model contaminants with varied conjugate structures, hydrogen bonding and ionic properties were selected for an investigation of adsorption behavior and adsorption selectivity on LDO@biochar. Structural variation of LDO@biochar suggested reconstruction of the layered double hydroxide (LDH) during the adsorption process due to the "memory effect". Under the synergy of LDH and biochar, the contaminants were adsorbed via multiple adsorbent-adsorbate interactions, including anion exchange, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding and π-π conjugation. Then, a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was constructed by integrating the number of hydrogen bond acceptors, polarity surface area, number of aromatic rings, and Fukui index f(-)x together to reflect the affinity of each contaminant to the adsorbent. Guided by the QSAR model, the negatively charged polystyrene nanoplastics with continuously conjugated aromatic rings were predicted to be effectively adsorbed on LDO@biochar. Experimental tests confirmed a great capacity of LDO@biochar towards the polystyrene nanoplastics, given the equilibrium adsorption capacity as high as 360 mg g-1 at 30-50 °C. This work not only opened up a new avenue for sustainable utilization of sewage sludge towards high-performance environmental functional materials, but also demonstrated the potential of the QSAR analysis as a rapid and accurate approach for guiding the application of an adsorbent to new emerging containments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ren-Ying Xiong
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiangying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lin-Feng Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA5005, Australia.
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Liu F, Cheng W, Xu J, Wang M, Wan T, Ren J, Li D, Xie Q. Promoting short-chain fatty acids production from sewage sludge via acidogenic fermentation: Optimized operation factors and iron-based persulfate activation system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140148. [PMID: 37714473 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Promoting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and ensuring the stability of SCFAs-producing process are becoming the two major issues for popularizing the acidogenic fermentation (AF). The key controlling operating and influencing factors during anaerobic fermentation process were thoroughly reviewed to facilitate better process performance prediction and to optimize the process control of SCFAs promotion. The wide utilization of iron salt flocculants during wastewater treatment could result in iron accumulating in sewage sludge which influenced AF performance. Additionally, appropriate ferric chloride (FC) could promote the SCFAs accumulation, while poly ferric sulfate (PFS) inhibited the bioprocess. Iron/persulfate (PS) system was proved to effectively enhance the SCFAs production while mechanism analysis revealed that the strong oxidizing radicals remarkably enhanced the solubilization and hydrolysis. Moreover, the changes of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH caused by iron/PS system exhibited more negative effects on the methanogens, comparing to the acidogenic bacteria. Furthermore, performance and mechanisms of different iron species-activating PS, organic chelating agents and iron-rich biochar derived from sewage sludge were also elucidated to extend and strengthen understanding of the iron/PS system for enhancing SCFAs production. Considering the large amount of generated Fe-sludge and the multiple benefits of iron activating PS system, carbon neutral wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were proposed with Fe-sludge as a promising recycling composite to improve AF performance. It is expected that this review can deepen the knowledge of optimizing AF process and improving the iron/PS system for enhancing SCFAs production and provide useful insights to researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China.
| | - Jianping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Tian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Jiehui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Qiqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
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11
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Peng SM, Luo HC, Wang ZH, Yang SS, Guo WQ, Ren NQ. Enhanced in-situ sludge reduction of the side-stream process via employing micro-aerobic approach in both mainstream and side-stream. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128914. [PMID: 36940881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Side-stream reactor (SSR), as an in-situ sludge reduction process with high sludge reduction efficiency (SRE) and less negative impact on effluent, has been widely researched. In order to reduce cost and promote large-scale application, the anaerobic/anoxic/micro-aerobic/oxic bioreactor coupled with micro-aerobic SSR (AAMOM) was used to investigate nutrient removal and SRE under short hydraulic retention time (HRT) of SSR. When HRT of SSR was 4 h, AAMOM system achieved 30.41% SRE, while maintaining carbon and nitrogen removal efficiency. Micro-aerobic in mainstream accelerated the hydrolysis of particulate organic matter (POM) and promoted denitrification. Micro-aerobic in side-stream increased cell lysis and ATP dissipation, thus increasing SRE. Microbial community structure indicated that the cooperative interactions among hydrolytic, slow growing, predatory and fermentation bacteria played key roles in improving SRE. This study confirmed that SSR coupled micro-aerobic was a promising and practical process, which could benefit nitrogen removal and sludge reduction in municipal wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Mai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hai-Chao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zi-Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wan-Qian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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12
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Wang R, Yang W, Cai C, Zhong M, Dai X. Dose-response and type-dependent effects of antiviral drugs in anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge for biogas production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27045-7. [PMID: 37209333 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, antiviral drugs (AVDs) were heavily excreted into wastewater and subsequently enriched in sewage sludge due to their widespread use. The potential ecological risks of AVDs have attracted increasing attention, but information on the effects of AVDs on sludge anaerobic digestion (AD) is limited. In this study, two typical AVDs (lamivudine and ritonavir) were selected to investigate the responses of AD to AVDs by biochemical methane potential tests. The results indicated that the effects of AVDs on methane production from sludge AD were dose- and type-dependent. The increased ritonavir concentration (0.05-50 mg/kg TS) contributed to an 11.27-49.43% increase in methane production compared with the control. However, methane production was significantly decreased at high lamivudine doses (50 mg/kg TS). Correspondingly, bacteria related to acidification were affected when exposed to lamivudine and ritonavir. Acetoclastic and hydrotropic methanogens were inhibited at a high lamivudine dose, while ritonavir enriched methylotrophic and hydrotropic methanogens. Based on the analysis of intermediate metabolites, the inhibition of lamivudine and the promotion of ritonavir on acidification and methanation were confirmed. In addition, the existence of AVDs could affect sludge properties. Sludge solubilization was inhibited when exposed to lamivudine and enhanced by ritonavir, perhaps caused by their different structures and physicochemical properties. Moreover, lamivudine and ritonavir could be partially degraded by AD, but 50.2-68.8% of AVDs remained in digested sludge, implying environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Wan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Menghuan Zhong
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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13
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Zheng K, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhu T, Chen X, Zhao Y, Sun P, Tong Y, Liu Y. Enhanced methane production from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by combining ultrasound with potassium permanganate pretreatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159331. [PMID: 36220480 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The influence of ultrasound (US) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) co-pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) was investigated in this survey. Results showed that KMnO4 (0.3 g/g TSS) cooperated with US (1 W/mL, 15 min) pretreatment significantly increased the cumulative methane yield to 174.44 ± 3.65 mL/g VS compared to the control group (108.72 ± 2.56 mL/g VS), solo US (125.39 ± 2.56 mL/g VS), and solo KMnO4 pretreatment group (160.83 ± 1.61 mL/g VS). Mechanistic investigation revealed that US combined with KMnO4 pretreatment effectively disrupted the structure of extracellular polymeric substances and cell walls by generating reactive radicals, accelerating the release of organics and hydrolytic enzymes as well as improving the biodegradability of soluble organics. Modeling analysis illustrated that the biochemical methane potential and hydrolysis rate of WAS were enhanced under US + KMnO4 pretreatment. Microbial community distribution indicated that the co-pretreatment of US and KMnO4 elevated the total relative abundance of functional microorganisms associated with anaerobic digestion (22.01 %) compared to the control (10.69 %), US alone (12.24 %) and KMnO4 alone (16.20 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yufen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueming Chen
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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14
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Zheng K, Wang Y, Guo H, Zhu T, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Potassium permanganate pretreatment effectively improves methane production from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: Reaction kinetics and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157402. [PMID: 35850326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As a powerful oxidizing agent, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has attracted widespread interest in sludge treatment and contaminant removal. However, its effect on the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) is ambiguous. This investigation was designed to provide perspectives into this problem. In comparison with the control, 0.3 g KMnO4/g TSS pretreatment enhanced the methane production by 78.82 %. Model analysis demonstrated that the KMnO4 pretreatment enhanced the biochemical methane potential (B0) of WAS. Mechanistic studies elucidated that the KMnO4 pretreatment process generated reactive radicals such as ·OH, ·O2- and 1O2, which contributed to sludge disintegration and biodegradation process of dissolved substances, thus resulting in more substances available for subsequent methane generation. Enzyme activity analysis indicated that KMnO4 pretreatment facilitated the activities of key enzymes associated with anaerobic digestion to various degrees. Microbial analysis illustrated that the relative abundance of functional microorganisms was significantly elevated after KMnO4 pretreatment, which was conducive to methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yufen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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15
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Tang CC, Yao XY, Zou ZS, Zhou AJ, Liu W, Ren YX, Li ZH, Wang A, He ZW. Response of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge to types of alkalis: Contribution identification of metal ions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127895. [PMID: 36067895 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline pretreatment is one promising strategy for promoting anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). This study selected three types of alkalis with monovalent (NaOH and KOH), divalent (Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2), and trivalent (Fe(OH)3 and Al(OH)3) cations to reveal the roles of metal ions on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. The enhanced production potentials of SCFAs were reduced by order of alkalis with monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations. Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ did no contributions on SCFAs production, while Fe3+ and Al3+ performed better than control, especially the latter. The mechanism analysis proved that Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ did no significant effects on solubilization, hydrolysis, acidification and methanogenesis stages, while the first three stages were improved by Fe3+ and Al3+ and the methanogenesis stage was inhibited. The findings may provide some new insights when using alkalis or residual metal ions to improve anaerobic digestion of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xing-Ye Yao
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zheng-Shuo Zou
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ai-Juan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhang-Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
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16
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Zampeta C, Paparouni C, Tampakopoulos A, Frontistis Z, Charalampous N, Dailianis S, Koutsoukos PG, Paraskeva CA, Vayenas DV. Printing Ink Wastewater Treatment Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation and Coagulants/Flocculants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115975. [PMID: 35988399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Raw printing ink wastewater (PIW) was treated with various inorganic coagulants and organic flocculants (anionic and cationic polyacrylamides). These processes were also examined as post treatment step following hydrodynamic cavitation. Treatment effectiveness was assessed through color, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal. The addition of 4500 mg L-1 polyaluminum chloride coagulant in undiluted PIW (COD: 17000 mg L-1) resulted in 99% color removal, 96% COD and TSS removal, after settling for 2 h. The addition of 10 mg L-1 of anionic polyacrylamides in the sample reduced settling time to only 5 min, with concomitant 96-98% removal efficiency. The addition of a 4 min hydrodynamic cavitation pretreatment step reduced coagulant addition by 33%, for the treatment of undiluted PIW (with 10 mg L-1 anionic polyacrylamide), while removals were ranged between 96 and 98%. Economic analysis for the undiluted PIW showed that costs were reduced by ca. 20% with the hydrodynamic cavitation pretreatment step. Moreover, sludge characterization showed the presence of maghemite, aluminum chloride and potassium aluminum silicate. Finally, toxicity tests revealed a significant attenuation of the toxic potential of undiluted PIW, thus indicating the enhanced efficiency of the proposed combined process (hydrodynamic cavitation and coagulation/flocculation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Zampeta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece.
| | - Chrysanthi Paparouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Andreas Tampakopoulos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR-50100, Kozani, Greece
| | - Nikolina Charalampous
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - P G Koutsoukos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - C A Paraskeva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris V Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504, Patras, Greece.
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