1
|
Wade AJ, Yapiyev V, Shahgedanova M, Saidaliyeva Z, Madibekov A, Kapitsa V, Kasatkin N, Ismukhanova L, Kulbekova R, Sultanbekova B, Severskiy I, Esenaman M, Kalashnikova O, Usubaliev R, Akbarov F, Umirzakov G, Petrov M, Rakhimov I, Kayumova D, Kayumov A. Cryosphere and land cover influence on stream water quality in Central Asia's glacierized catchments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173525. [PMID: 38810747 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This work helps address recent calls for systematic water quality assessment in Central Asia and considers how nutrient and salinity sources, and transport, affect water quality along the continuum from the cryosphere to the lowland plains. Spatial and, for the first time, temporal variations in stream water pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, and nitrate and phosphate concentrations are presented for four catchments (485-13,500 km2), all with glaciers and major urban areas. The catchments studied were: Kaskelen (Kazakhstan), Ala-Archa (Kyrgyzstan), Chirchik (Uzbekistan) and the Kofarnihon (Tajikistan). Measurements were made in cryosphere, stream water, groundwater, reservoir and lake samples over a 22-month period at fortnightly intervals from 35 sites. The results highlight that glacier, permafrost and rock glacier outflows were primary and secondary nitrate sources (>1 mg N L-1) to the headwaters, and there were major increases in salinity and nitrate concentrations where rivers receive inputs from agriculture and settlements. Overall, the water quality complied with national and World Health Organization standards, however there were pollution hot-spots with shallow urban groundwaters contaminated with nitrate (>11 mg N L-1) and stream electrical conductivity above 800 μS cm-1 in some agricultural areas indicative of high salinity. Phosphate concentrations were generally low (<0.06 mg P L-1) throughout the catchments, though elevated (>0.2 mg P L-1) in urban areas due to effluent contamination. A melt water dilution effect along the main river channels was discernible, in the electrical conductivity and nitrate concentration seasonal dynamics, 100 s of km from the headwaters. Thus, the input of relatively clean water from the cryosphere is an important regulator of main channel water quality in the urban and farmed lowland plains adjacent to the Tien Shan and Pamir. Improved sewage treatment is needed in urban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Wade
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DW, UK.
| | - Vadim Yapiyev
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DW, UK; School of Mining and Geosciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Maria Shahgedanova
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DW, UK
| | - Zarina Saidaliyeva
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DW, UK
| | | | - Vassiliy Kapitsa
- Institute of Geography and Water Security, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Central Asia Regional Glaciological Centre under the Auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nikolay Kasatkin
- Institute of Geography and Water Security, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Central Asia Regional Glaciological Centre under the Auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Roza Kulbekova
- Institute of Geography and Water Security, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Igor Severskiy
- Institute of Geography and Water Security, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Central Asia Regional Glaciological Centre under the Auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Olga Kalashnikova
- Central-Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ryskul Usubaliev
- Central-Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Fakhriddin Akbarov
- Centre of Glacial Geology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics named after. H.M. Abdullaev at the University of Geological Sciences under the Ministry of Geology and Mining of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Gulomjon Umirzakov
- National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Maksim Petrov
- Centre of Glacial Geology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics named after. H.M. Abdullaev at the University of Geological Sciences under the Ministry of Geology and Mining of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Dilorom Kayumova
- State Scientific Institution 'Center for Research of Glaciers of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan', Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Abdulhamid Kayumov
- State Scientific Institution 'Center for Research of Glaciers of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan', Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma J, Yao Z, Zhang M, Gao J, Li W, Yang W. Microbial and environmental medium-driven responses to phosphorus fraction changes in the sediments of different lake types during the freezing period. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:25147-25162. [PMID: 38468006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The comparative study of the transformation among sediment phosphorus (P) fractions in different lake types is a global issue in lake ecosystems. However, interactions between sediment P fractions, environmental factors, and microorganisms vary with the nutrient status of lakes. In this study, we combine sequential extraction and metagenomics sequencing to assess the characteristics of P fractions and transformation in sediments from different lake types in the Inner Mongolian section of the Yellow River Basin. We then further explore the response of relevant microbial and environmental drivers to P fraction transformation and bioavailability in sediments. The sediments of all three lakes exhibited strong exogenous pollution input characteristics, and higher nutritional conditions led to enhanced sediment P fraction transformation ability. The transformation capacity of the sediment P fractions also differed among the different lake types at the same latitudes, which is affected by many factors such as lake environmental factors and microorganisms. Different drivers reflected the mutual control of weakly adsorbed phosphorus (WA-P), potential active phosphorus (PA-P), Fe/Al-bound phosphorus (NaOH-P), and Ca-bound phosphorus (HCl-P) with the bio-directly available phosphorus (Bio-P). The transformation of NaOH-P in reducing environments can improve P bioavailability, while HCl-P is not easily bioavailable in weakly alkaline environments. There were significant differences in the bacterial community diversity and composition between the different lake types at the same latitude (p < 0.05), and the role of P fractions was stronger in the sediments of lakes with rich biodiversity than in poor biodiversity. Lake eutrophication recovery was somewhat hindered by the microbial interactions of P cycling and P fractions within the sediment. This study provides data and theoretical support for exploring the commonalities and differences among different lake types in the Inner Mongolian section of the Yellow River Basin. Besides, it is representative and typical for promoting the optimization of ecological security patterns in ecologically fragile watersheds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China
- School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Jingtian Gao
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Weiping Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Wenhuan Yang
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014000, China.
- Autonomous Region Level Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization Cooperative Innovation Center for the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin, Baotou, 014000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng Y, Liu G, Li J, Zhao Y, Yang W. Ecological threshold of phosphorus load in Baiyangdian Lake based on a PCLake model and ecological network analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170091. [PMID: 38224883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Ecological thresholds are a useful indicator for implementing ecological management. Many studies determine the thresholds for nutrient loads in lakes based on the maximum allowable concentration of chlorophyll a (Chla), although this neglects the overall performance of the ecosystem. A PCLake model of Baiyangdian (BYD) Lake in northern China was constructed with six ecological network analysis (ENA) indicators that characterized the ecosystem function, system maturity, and food web structure to quantify the overall status of the BYD ecosystem. To my knowledge, this is the first study on the system level responses of the BYD Lake to phosphorus load interference. Different phosphorus load scenarios were designed to simulate the ecological responses of BYD Lake. The simulated results were employed to calculate the ENA indicators. Ecological thresholds were determined through the driving response relationship between the phosphorus load gradient and the ENA indicators. The results show a non-linear transition response of ENA indicator under phosphorus load gradient. As phosphorus load increases, D/H, SOI, and FCI decreases while A/DC, TPP/TR, and TPP/TB increases. This indicates that the overall structure and function of the ecosystem will deteriorate if phosphorus load increases. The phosphorus load thresholds for the overall performance of BYD Lake were 0.50-1.32 mg m-2 d-1, slightly wider than that of Chla (0.53-1.26 mg m-2 d-1). The model results clearly indicate that there is a time-lag phenomenon at the switch points in the response of ENA indicators compared to that of single functional group. In addition, the A/DC, TPP/TR, SOI, and FCI present more time-lag than that of other ENA indicators. These time-lag effects provide a particular opportunity for biodiversity conservation. Therefore, a possible management strategy is proposed to combine system-level and function group-level thresholds, with the ENA-based threshold as the bottom line and the phytoplankton's threshold as the early-warning indicator. This design is expected to be more precise and efficient, by exploiting the advantages of two thresholds, and may benefit for ecological management practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Gaiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yanwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Belkinova D, Stoianova D, Beshkova M, Kazakov S, Stoyanov P, Mladenov R. Current status and prognosis of Raphidiopsis raciborskii distribution in Bulgaria as part of the southeastern region of Europe. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 132:102578. [PMID: 38331543 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The cyanobacterial species Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska) Aguilera et al. has a high invasiveness potential, which in less than a century leads to its cosmopolitan spread. In the temperate climate of Europe, R. raciborskii has been reported in many countries, but there is still a lack of detailed information about the current status of its distribution in lakes of Bulgaria, as a part of the southeastern range of its spread in Europe. We investigated the distribution of the species using data on the phytoplankton of 122 lakes surveyed during 13-years period (2009-2022). The species was found in 33 lakes (up to 324 m asl), and 14 new localities were registered during the studied period. The results reveal that the number of lakes with the presence of R. raciborskii (27 % of all research lakes) and its contribution to the total phytoplankton biomass, has increased significantly over the last decade. The species has successfully adapted and dominated the phytoplankton in 9 lakes, forming a bloom in 8 of them. The dominant position of R. raciborskii causes loss of species and functional diversity of phytoplankton and displaces the native bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Lakes with and without the species were compared based on the available data on bioclimatic and local environmental variables. Statistically significant differences were established with respect to water transparency, conductivity, maximum depth and maximum air temperature in the warmest month. Species distribution models (SDMs) were used to identify lakes in high risk of future invasion by R. raciborskii. The results of the SDMs implementation confirmed the high maximum air temperature and low water transparency to be important predictors of the occurrence of R. raciborskii in freshwater lakes in Bulgaria. In the areas with high summer temperatures the most suitable for R. raciborskii development were found to be shallow polymictic or medium deep lakes with small surface area and low water transparency. In areas with a suitable climate, the large, deep reservoirs with high transparency as well as macrophyte dominated lakes have a low probability of occurrence of R. raciborskii. Future colonization of lakes above 500 m asl (but most likely below 700 m asl) is also possible, especially in the conditions of global warming. SDMs account for climatic and biogeographic differences of lakes and could help in elucidating the underlying factors that control the occurrence and adaptation of R. raciborskii in a given area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Detelina Belkinova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Botany and Biological education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", Bulgaria
| | - Desislava Stoianova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Mihaela Beshkova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Kazakov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Stoyanov
- Department of Botany and Biological education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", Bulgaria; Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Mladenov
- Department of Botany and Biological education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", Bulgaria; Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Horppila J, Nurminen L, Rajala S, Estlander S. Making waves: The sensitivity of lakes to brownification and issues of concern in ecological status assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120964. [PMID: 38070344 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Brownification or increasing water colour is a common problem in aquatic ecosystems. It affects both physico-chemical properties and biotic communities of the impacted waters. A common view is that lakes having low background water colour are most sensitive to brownification. In this article, we show that although low-colour and high-colour lakes respond differently to brownification, the effects on biotic communities can be strong irrespective of water colour. For phytoplankton production, the effect of brownification can be positive at low colour and negative at high colour, the relative effect being strongest at high colour. For fish foraging, the disturbance per increasing unit of colour may also be highest at high-colour conditions. Additionally, the presently used classification systems mostly describe the effects of eutrophication and do not account for the effects of brownification. Studies on the whole colour range of lakes are needed and indicators used in the ecological status assessment of lakes must be developed to reveal the effects of brownification. Indicators distinguishing the effects of brownification from those of eutrophication are especially needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Horppila
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Leena Nurminen
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Salla Rajala
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Satu Estlander
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fazekas DL, Antal L, Halasi-Kovács B, Kwiatkowski M, Tóth F, Specziár A, Mozsár A. Acute effects of angler's groundbaits: nutrient flux to water column. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17691. [PMID: 37848478 PMCID: PMC10582090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ground-baiting related nutrient loading has been widely studied, we do not know what proportion of these nutrients release into the water column, affecting primary production directly. We conducted short-term (24-h, 5-day) experiments at wide temperature range, in presence and absence of fish using fish meal-based (FM-GB) and plant-based groundbait (PB-GB), to assess the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes from GB into the water column. Nitrogen release from unconsumed FM-GB was negligible in the first 3 days, then increased abruptly, releasing 32% of its total N content by the fifth day. In contrast, PB-GB acted as temporary sink for inorganic N forms. Considerable (18-21%) inorganic P release was observed in both GB types in the first twelve hours. Consumed GBs induced considerable inorganic N release and its rate increased with temperature. Particulate forms predominated the released N in PB-GB, suggesting impaired digestion. Phosphorus-dominated by particulate forms-release was similar or lower than in unconsumed GB. Based on our results, excessive use of GB-when high amount of it remains unconsumed-can enhance eutrophication in P-limited ecosystems. Although less digestible GBs may have less abrupt effect on the primary production, undigested nutrients remain unavailable for removal through fish harvest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Lilla Fazekas
- Research Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, 5540, Hungary.
- Pál Juhász-Nagy Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| | - László Antal
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Béla Halasi-Kovács
- Research Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, 5540, Hungary
| | | | - Flórián Tóth
- Research Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, 5540, Hungary
| | - András Specziár
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Attila Mozsár
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Jesus Delmiro Rocha M, Neto IEL. Nitrogen mass balance and uptake velocity for eutrophic reservoirs in the Brazilian semiarid region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:95621-95633. [PMID: 37556054 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen (N) cycle from the catchment to the downstream reservoir is complex, particularly the quantification of N losses. However, in order to assess the nitrogen impact in a reservoir ecosystem, simplified models may be applicable regarding the TN load production and the magnitude of lake TN removal. This study presented a methodology to perform and validate a TN mass balance to further calibrate a simplified coefficient for TN losses (vf.) in 29 tropical semiarid reservoirs. The study reservoirs were highly productive ecosystems with an average total nitrogen (TN) concentration, accounting for all measurements in all reservoirs, ranging from 0.59 to 3.84 mg L-1. Regarding the production of TN load, the median values ranged from 4.35 to 2,499.43 t year-1 with median of 80.34 t year-1. The TN loads were estimated through an annual mass balance over a 24-year period. The median of the estimates was compared with reference values obtained by using the export modelling coefficient. The correlation between the median estimated and reference loads resulted in satisfactory agreement (r2 0.88) and reinforced the reliability of the mass balance alternative. From the validated TN loads, the TN uptake velocity (vf) was estimated for all reservoirs (44.9 ± 20.1 m year-1) and could be described as a general function of the water residence time. The reservoirs of the study region have demonstrated higher vf than temperate lakes and reservoirs and similar vf with Latin America/Caribbean ones. As expected, reservoirs of warmer climates tend to present intensified N loss processes compared to lakes and reservoirs of temperate regions. The methodology proposed in the present study can be used to potentially improve water quality management in tropical semiarid reservoirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Jesus Delmiro Rocha
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Bl. 713, Center of Technology, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Iran Eduardo Lima Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Bl. 713, Center of Technology, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
van Wijk D, Chang M, Janssen ABG, Teurlincx S, Mooij WM. Regime shifts in shallow lakes explained by critical turbidity. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:119950. [PMID: 37348422 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, water quality managers target a clear, macrophyte-dominated state over a turbid, phytoplankton-dominated state in shallow lakes. The competition mechanisms underlying these ecological states were explored in the 1990s, but the concept of critical turbidity seems neglected in contemporary water quality models. In particular, a simple mechanistic model of alternative stable states in shallow lakes accounting for resource competition mechanisms and critical turbidity is lacking. To this end, we combined Scheffer's theory on critical turbidity with insights from nutrient and light competition theory founded by Tilman, Huisman and Weissing. This resulted in a novel graphical and mathematical model, GPLake-M, that is relatively simple and mechanistically understandable and yet captures the essential mechanisms leading to alternative stable states in shallow lakes. The process-based PCLake model was used to parameterize the model parameters and to test GPLake-M using a pattern-oriented strategy. GPLake-M's application range and position in the model spectrum are discussed. We believe that our results support the fundamental understanding of regime shifts in shallow lakes and provide a starting point for further mechanistic and management-focused explorations and model development. Furthermore, the concept of critical turbidity and the relation between light-limited submerged macrophytes and nutrient-limited phytoplankton might provide a new focus for empirical aquatic ecological research and water quality monitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianneke van Wijk
- Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Manqi Chang
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands; Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, 100038, Beijing, China
| | - Annette B G Janssen
- Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sven Teurlincx
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wolf M Mooij
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Caković M, Beloica J, Baumgertel A, Stojčić M, Vasić F, Schwaiger F. Eutrophication assessment in Pannonian Basin (the case of Ludaš Lake Special Nature Reserve and Palić Nature Park). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:694. [PMID: 37204492 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural, industrial, and human activities in general threaten water quality, as well as the biotic integrity of aquatic ecosystems. The increased concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) affects high concentrations of chlorophyll (Chl-a) in freshwater ecosystems, which causes the process of eutrophication of the waters of shallow lakes. Eutrophication, as an alarming threat to the global quality of surface waters, affects environmental degradation. This research assesses the risk of eutrophication caused by chemical oxygen demand (COD), TN, TP, Secchi disk (SD), and Chl-a using the trophic level index (TLI) in Palić and Ludaš lakes. Both lakes have been nominated as potential Natura 2000 areas in 2021 because they belong to important bird areas, and Ludaš Lake has the status of Ramsar site 3YU002. In the research period from 2011 to 2021, the results showed that the lake is in an extremely eutrophic state. Laboratory analyses indicate an increased concentration of Chl-a during autumn. In the paper, the normalized difference chlorophyll index (NDCI) was calculated using the Google Earth Engine platform, and the result indicates the loading of the lake throughout the year, with an emphasis on winter, summer, and autumn. By using satellite images and remote sensing, it is possible to determine the most degraded spots, which is a help to the researchers in choosing the places where the samples will be taken and thus act more efficiently on the most endangered parts, as well as reduce the costs of standard in situ methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milica Caković
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Beloica
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Baumgertel
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Stojčić
- SETEC Engineering GmbH, Feldkirchner Strasse 50, 9020, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Filip Vasić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fritz Schwaiger
- Posch & Partners Consulting Engineers, Sebastian-Kneipp-Weg 17, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vigiak O, Udías A, Grizzetti B, Zanni M, Aloe A, Weiss F, Hristov J, Bisselink B, de Roo A, Pistocchi A. Recent regional changes in nutrient fluxes of European surface waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160063. [PMID: 36368390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We have quantified inputs and fate of nutrients in European fresh and marine waters from 1990 to 2018. We have used the conceptual model GREEN to assess the impact of efforts on curbing nutrient pollution in European regions. In the first two decades, i.e. in the 1990s and through the start of the new millennium, nutrient inputs to waters decreased significantly. Nutrient pollution in freshwaters and to the sea largely reduced in all regions, although at different pace. However, around 2008-2010 trends in nutrient inputs changed, marking an increase in the last decade, particularly from agricultural diffuse sources. In some regions, current nutrient inputs to waters are close to those estimated at the beginning of the 1990s. At the end of the study period, nutrient concentrations in freshwaters remain above thresholds congruent with good ecological status of water bodies in most downstream reaches. European policies tackling point sources are close to reach their maximum impact. In the face of this approaching ceiling, sustainable nutrient management on agricultural land becomes pivotal for effective nutrient control in river basins. The regional approach highlighted differences across Europe that may provide tailored opportunities to plan effective strategies for achieving environmental targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vigiak
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Angel Udías
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Bruna Grizzetti
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Michela Zanni
- ARHS Developments Italia S.r.l., Via F.lli Gabba 1/A, 20121 Milano, Italy.
| | - Alberto Aloe
- ARHS Developments, 13 Boulevard du Jazz, L-4370 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Franz Weiss
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Jordan Hristov
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Berny Bisselink
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Ad de Roo
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Alberto Pistocchi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E Fermi 2749, 21020 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rippey B, McElarney Y, Thompson J, Allen M, Gallagher M, Douglas R. Recovery targets and timescales for Lough Neagh and other lakes. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118858. [PMID: 35872519 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The framework, model and methods of Nürnberg were applied and evaluated in Lough Neagh and 19 other lakes in order to establish inflow phosphorus concentrations that support target lake values. Supporting concentrations, in the absence of an internal load, were derived and the effect of uncertainty in the model retention coefficient was relatively small, ±11-20 % in Lough Neagh and an average (n = 17) of ±9.7 % in the other lakes. There was further support for the model and methods from an independent estimate of the net internal load in Lough Neagh (13 % difference) and from another model in the other lakes (Supporting concentrations, which should be lower, were by an average of 11 mg P m-3). In the framework, steady state with the phosphorus load is assumed, but, based on a generic lake model, is not likely if the hydraulic residence time>0.5-0.8 yr and should lead to a decrease in phosphorus retention, which was found during three periods in Lough Neagh. Based on a compilation of internal load recovery times from 23 lakes in the literature, it could take between 8 and 20 years for lakes with an internal load to approach their targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Rippey
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.
| | | | - James Thompson
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, UK
| | - Michelle Allen
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, UK
| | - Mary Gallagher
- Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Antrim Roasrd, Lisburn, UK
| | - Richard Douglas
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| |
Collapse
|