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Clifton B, Ghezzehei TA, Viers JH. Carbon stock quantification in a floodplain restoration chronosequence along a Mediterranean-montane riparian corridor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:173829. [PMID: 38857806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Uncertainty in the global carbon (C) budget has been reduced for most stocks, though it remains incomplete by not considering aquatic and transitional zone carbon stocks. A key issue preventing such complete accounting is a lack of available C data within these aquatic and aquatic-terrestrial transitional ecosystems. Concurrently, quantifiable results produced by restoration practices that explicitly target C stock accumulation and sequestration remain inconsistent or undocumented. To support a more complete carbon budget and identify impacts on C stock accumulation from restoration treatment actions, we investigated C stock values in a Mediterranean-montane riparian floodplain system in California, USA. We quantified the C stock in aboveground biomass, large wood, and litter in addition to the C and total nitrogen in the upper soil profile (5 cm) across 23 unique restoration treatments and remnant old-growth forests. Treatments span 40 years of restoration actions along seven river kilometers of the Cosumnes River, and include process-based (limited intervention), assisted (horticultural planting and other intensive restoration activities), hybrid (a combination of process and assisted actions), and remnant (old-growth forests that were not created with restoration actions) sites. Total C values measured up to 1100 Mg ha-1 and averaged 129 Mg ha-1 with biomass contributing the most to individual plot measurements. From 2012 to 2020, biomass C stock measurements showed an average 32 Mg ha-1 increase across all treatments, though treatment specific values varied. While remnant forest plots held the highest average C values across all stocks (336 Mg ha-1), C values of different stocks varied across treatment type. Process-based restoration treatments held more average biomass C (120 Mg ha-1) than hybrid (23 Mg ha-1) or assisted restoration treatments (50 Mg ha-1), while assisted restoration treatments held more average total C in soil and litter (58 Mg ha-1) than hybrid (35 Mg ha-1) and process-based restoration treatments (37 Mg ha-1). Regardless of treatment type, time was a significant factor for all C stock values. These findings support a more inclusive global carbon budget and provide valuable insight into restoration treatment actions that support C stock accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britne Clifton
- Environmental Systems, UC Merced, 5200 Lake Rd Merced, CA 95343.
| | - Teamrat A Ghezzehei
- Environmental Systems, UC Merced, 5200 Lake Rd Merced, CA 95343; School of Natural Sciences, UC Merced, 5200 Lake Rd Merced, CA 95343
| | - Joshua H Viers
- Environmental Systems, UC Merced, 5200 Lake Rd Merced, CA 95343; School of Engineering, UC Merced, 5200 Lake Rd Merced, CA 95343
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Franklin PA, Bašić T, Davison PI, Dunkley K, Ellis J, Gangal M, González-Ferreras AM, Gutmann Roberts C, Hunt G, Joyce D, Klöcker CA, Mawer R, Rittweg T, Stoilova V, Gutowsky LFG. Aquatic connectivity: challenges and solutions in a changing climate. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 105:392-411. [PMID: 38584261 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The challenge of managing aquatic connectivity in a changing climate is exacerbated in the presence of additional anthropogenic stressors, social factors, and economic drivers. Here we discuss these issues in the context of structural and functional connectivity for aquatic biodiversity, specifically fish, in both the freshwater and marine realms. We posit that adaptive management strategies that consider shifting baselines and the socio-ecological implications of climate change will be required to achieve management objectives. The role of renewable energy expansion, particularly hydropower, is critically examined for its impact on connectivity. We advocate for strategic spatial planning that incorporates nature-positive solutions, ensuring climate mitigation efforts are harmonized with biodiversity conservation. We underscore the urgency of integrating robust scientific modelling with stakeholder values to define clear, adaptive management objectives. Finally, we call for innovative monitoring and predictive decision-making tools to navigate the uncertainties inherent in a changing climate, with the goal of ensuring the resilience and sustainability of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Franklin
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Tea Bašić
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Phil I Davison
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Katie Dunkley
- Christ's College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Ellis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mayuresh Gangal
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India
| | - Alexia M González-Ferreras
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria. C/Isabel Torres 15, Santander, Spain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - Georgina Hunt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Domino Joyce
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - C Antonia Klöcker
- Institute of Marine Research, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rachel Mawer
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Timo Rittweg
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden, Berlin, Germany
| | - Velizara Stoilova
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Zhang Y, Datry T, Zhang Q, Wang X, Xiang X, Gong Z, Cai Y. Effects of different hydrological conditions on the taxonomic structure and functional traits of mollusk communities in a large floodplain wetland. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11466. [PMID: 38803609 PMCID: PMC11128460 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Floodplain wetlands are critical to the conservation of aquatic biodiversity and the ecological integrity of river networks. However, increasing drought severity and frequency caused by climate change can reduce floodplain wetlands' resistance and recovery capacities. Mollusks, which are common inhabitants of floodplain wetlands, are among the most vulnerable species to drought. However, the response of mollusk communities to drought has received little attention. Here, we investigated how the structure and functional traits of mollusk communities changed in response to varying hydrological conditions, including a flash drought (FD) in the Poyang Lake floodplain wetland. Our findings showed that FD strongly reduced mollusk abundance and biomass, decreased both α- and β-diversity, and resulted in the extinction of bivalve taxa. A sudden shift in community trait structure was discovered due to the extinction of many species. These traits, which include deposit feeding, crawling, scraping, aerial respiration, and dormancy, help mollusks survive in FD and tolerate completely dry out of their Changhuchi habitat. Finally, we discovered that dissolved oxygen was an important controlling variable for mollusk communities during drought. Our findings provide a scientific basis for the management and conservation of floodplain wetland biodiversity in the context of increasing drought frequency and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationWuhuChina
- Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiangChina
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon‐VilleurbanneVilleurbanne CedexFrance
| | - Qingji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon‐VilleurbanneVilleurbanne CedexFrance
- School of Geography and Ocean ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiangChina
| | - Xianling Xiang
- School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationWuhuChina
| | - Zhijun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationWuhuChina
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co‐Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of EducationWuhuChina
- Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiangChina
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Li B, Wan R, Yang G. Centennial dynamics of floodplain wetland in the largest freshwater lake in China: Implications on floodplain lake restoration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120192. [PMID: 38286070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Long-term mapping of floodplain wetland dynamics is fundamental for wetland protection and restoration, but it is restricted to decadal scales using satellite observations owing to scarcity of spatial data over long-term scales. The present study concentrates on the centennial dynamics of floodplain wetland in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. Historical topographic maps and Landsat imagery were combined to reconstruct the centennial floodplain wetland map series. A robust random forest algorithm for the land cover classification was used to investigate the conversion of the floodplain wetland to other land cover types and quantify the magnitude of the influence of hydrological disconnection over the past century. Results show that the Poyang Lake floodplain wetland experienced a net loss of 35.7 %, from 5024.3 km2 in the 1920s-1940s to 3232.1 km2 in the 2020s, with the floodplain wetland loss occurring mostly from the 1950s to the 1970s. In addition, agricultural encroachment was identified as the predominant driver of floodplain wetland loss, with a total area of 931.0 km2 of the floodplain wetland converted into cropland. Furthermore, approximately 600 km2 of sub-lakes (larger than 1 km2) became isolated from the floodplain and thus unaffected by seasonal flood pulses, which highlights the need to account for the impact of hydrological disconnection on floodplain wetland dynamics. This study indicated the combination of historical maps and satellite observations as an effective tool to track long-term wetland changes. The resultant dataset provides an extended baseline and could shed some light on floodplain wetland conservation and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, PR China; Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Rongrong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, PR China; Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
| | - Guishan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, PR China.
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Cremin E, O’Connor J, Banerjee S, Bui LH, Chanda A, Hua HH, Van Huynh D, Le H, Murshed SB, Mashfiqus S, Vu A, Sebesvari Z, Large A, Renaud FG. Aligning the Global Delta Risk Index with SDG and SFDRR global frameworks to assess risk to socio-ecological systems in river deltas. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2023; 18:1-21. [PMID: 37363314 PMCID: PMC9982774 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-023-01295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
River deltas globally are highly exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards and are often over-exploited landforms. The Global Delta Risk Index (GDRI) was developed to assess multi-hazard risk in river deltas and support decision-making in risk reduction interventions in delta regions. Disasters have significant impacts on the progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, despite the strong interlinkage between disaster risk reduction and sustainable development, global frameworks are still developed in isolation and actions to address them are delegated to different institutions. Greater alignment between frameworks would both simplify monitoring progress towards disaster risk reduction and sustainable development and increase capacity to address data gaps in relation to indicator-based assessments for both processes. This research aims at aligning the GDRI indicators with the SDGs and the Sendai Framework for Disaster and Risk Reduction (SFDRR). While the GDRI has a modular indicator library, the most relevant indicators for this research were selected through a delta-specific impact chain designed in consultation with experts, communities and stakeholders in three delta regions: the Red River and Mekong deltas in Vietnam and the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta in Bangladesh and India. We analyse how effectively the 143 indicators for the GDRI match (or not) the SDG and SFDRR global frameworks. We demonstrate the interconnections of the different drivers of risk to better inform risk management and in turn support delta-level interventions towards improved sustainability and resilience of these Asian mega-deltas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-023-01295-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cremin
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, The University of Glasgow, Dumfries Campus, Rutherford/McCowan Building, Crichton University Campus, DG1 4ZL Dumfries, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Ly Ha Bui
- CRES, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Hue Le
- CRES, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Sonia Binte Murshed
- Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salehin Mashfiqus
- Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anh Vu
- NatCen International, National Centre for Social Research, London, UK
| | | | - Andy Large
- School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Fabrice G. Renaud
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, The University of Glasgow, Dumfries Campus, Rutherford/McCowan Building, Crichton University Campus, DG1 4ZL Dumfries, Scotland, UK
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