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Zheng T, Wang S, Wang M, Mao J, Xu Y, Ren J, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiao Z, Cao X. Effect of Different Fertilizer Types on Quality of Foxtail Millet under Low Nitrogen Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1830. [PMID: 38999669 PMCID: PMC11244521 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In order to clarify the effect of different fertilizers on foxtail millet quality under low nitrogen conditions, we used JGNo.21 and LZGNo.2 as experimental materials and set up five treatments, including non-fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, compound, and organic fertilizers, to study the regulation of different fertilizer types on agronomic traits, nutrient fractions, and pasting characteristics of foxtail millet under low nitrogen conditions. Compared with the control, all of the fertilizers improved the agronomic traits of JGNo.21 to a certain extent. Nitrogen and compound fertilizer treatments reduced the starch content of JGNo.21; the starch content was reduced by 0.55% and 0.07% under nitrogen and compound fertilizers treatments. Phosphorus and organic fertilizers increased starch content, and starch content increased by 0.50% and 0.56% under phosphorus and organic fertilizer treatments. The effect of each fertilizer treatment on protein content was completely opposite to that of starch; different fertilizer treatments reduced the fat content of JGNo.21 and increased the fiber content. Among them, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers increased the yellow pigment content; the yellow pigment content increased by 1.21% and 2.64% under nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments. Organic and compound fertilizers reduced the content of yellow pigment; the yellow pigment content was reduced by 3.36% and 2.79% under organic and compound fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen and organic fertilizers increased the fat content of LZGNo.2; the fat content increased by 2.62% and 1.98% under nitrogen, organic fertilizer treatment. Compound and phosphorus fertilizer decreased the fat content; the fat content decreased by 2.16% and 2.90% under compound and phosphorus fertilizer treatment. Different fertilizer treatments reduced the cellulose and yellow pigment content of LZGNo.2. The content of essential, non-essential, and total amino acids of JGNo.21 was increased under compound and nitrogen fertilizer treatments and decreased under organic and phosphorus fertilizer treatments. The content of essential, non-essential, and total amino acids of LZGNo.2 was significantly higher under compound, nitrogen, and organic fertilizer treatments compared with control and significantly decreased under phosphorus fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen and compound fertilizer treatments significantly reduced the values of peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, and pasting time of each index of JGNo.21; phosphorus and organic fertilizer treatments improved the values of each index. In contrast, the pasting viscosity of LZGNo.2 increased under phosphorus fertilizer treatment and decreased under nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Reasonable fertilization can improve the quality of foxtail millet, which provides a scientific theoretical basis for improving the quality of foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiao Mao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yuanmeng Xu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiangling Ren
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Sichen Liu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhijun Qiao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiaoning Cao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Liu Y, Zhao K, Stirling E, Wang X, Gao Z, Ma B, Xu C, Chen S, Chu G, Zhang X, Wang D. Heterosis of endophytic microbiomes in hybrid rice varieties improves seed germination. mSystems 2024; 9:e0000424. [PMID: 38591897 PMCID: PMC11097635 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00004-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed endophytic microbiomes are shaped by host and environmental factors and play a crucial role in their host growth and health. Studies have demonstrated that host genotype, including hybridization, affects seed microbiomes. Heterosis features are also observed in root-associated microbiomes. It remains unclear, however, whether heterosis exists in seed endophytic microbiomes and whether hybrid microbiota provide noticeable advantages to host plant growth, especially to seed germination. Here, we investigated the structure of seed endophytic bacterial and fungal communities from three hybrid rice varieties and their respective parents using amplicon sequencing targeting 16S rRNA and ITS2 genes. Heterosis was found in diversity and composition of seed endophytic microbiomes in hybrids, which hosted more diverse communities and significantly higher abundances of plant growth-promoting taxa, such as Pseudomonas and Rhizobium genera compared with their parental lines. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that there are potentially tighter microbial interactions in the hybrid seeds compared with their parent seeds. Finally, inoculation of seed-cultivable endophytes, isolated from hybrids, resulted in a greater promotion of seed germination compared with those isolated from parent lines. These findings suggest that heterosis exists not only in plant traits but also in seed endophytic microbiota, the latter in turn promotes seed germination, which offers valuable guidance for microbiome-assisted rice breeding.IMPORTANCEGenetic and physiological changes associated with plant hybridization have been studied for many crop species. Still, little is known about the impact of hybridization on the seed microbiota. In this study, we indicate that hybridization has a significant impact on the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in rice seeds. The seed endophytic microbiomes of hybrids displayed distinct characteristics from those of their parental lines and exhibited potential heterosis features. Furthermore, the inoculation of seed-cultivable endophytes isolated from hybrids exhibited a greater promotion effect on seed germination compared with those isolated from the parents. Our findings make a valuable contribution to the emerging field of microbiome-assisted plant breeding, highlighting the potential for a targeted approach that aims to achieve not only desired plant traits but also plant-beneficial microbial communities on the seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kankan Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Erinne Stirling
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiufu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen L, Bian L, Ma Q, Li Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Defensive alteration of root exudate composition by grafting Prunus sp. onto resistant rootstock contributes to reducing crown gall disease. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae049. [PMID: 38645683 PMCID: PMC11031412 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Grafting is a traditional and significant strategy to suppress soil-borne diseases, such as the crown gall disease caused by tumorigenic Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Root exudates and the rhizosphere microbiome play critical roles in controlling crown gall disease, but their roles in suppressing crown gall disease in grafted plants remain unclear. Here, disease-susceptible cherry rootstock 'Gisela 6' and disease-resistant cherry rootstock 'Haiying 1' were grafted onto each other or self-grafted. The effect of their root exudates on the soil microbiome composition and the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium were studied. Grafting onto the disease-resistant rootstock helped to reduce the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium, accompanied by altering root exudation, enriching potential beneficial bacteria, and changing soil function. Then, the composition of the root exudates from grafted plants was analyzed and the potential compounds responsible for decreasing pathogenic Agrobacterium abundance were identified. Based on quantitative measurement of the concentrations of the compounds and testing the impacts of supplied pure chemicals on abundance and chemotaxis of pathogenic Agrobacterium and potential beneficial bacteria, the decreased valine in root exudates of the plant grafted onto resistant rootstock was found to contribute to decreasing Agrobacterium abundance, enriching some potential beneficial bacteria and suppressing crown gall disease. This study provides insights into the mechanism whereby grafted plants suppress soil-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Lusen Bian
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Xinghong Wang
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Su N, Ronga X, Xie G, Chang T, Zhang Y, Peng J, Luo G. Effectiveness of a 10-year continuous reduction of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on production, nitrogen loss and utilization of double-cropping rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168857. [PMID: 38029997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Considerable literature has demonstrated the advantage of controlled-release nitrogen (CRN) fertilizer in improving crop productivity. However, few researches have explored the long-term impacts of using CRN fertilizers as alternative to common urea on production and N utilization in double-cropping paddy. To address this gap, our study utilized a database derived from a 10-year field experiment from 2013 to 2022. During early and late rice seasons, compared to common urea (early rice, 150 kg hm-2; late rice, 180 kg hm-2), CRN fertilizer (150 kg hm-2; 180 kg hm-2) input significantly increased yield by 7.4 %, and 11.7 %, as well as N use efficiency (NUE) from 23.0 % and 24.6 % to 33.0 % and 37.5 %, respectively. CRN application significantly reduced N losses, evidenced by decrease in runoff (23.1 % and 19.4 %), leaching (12.7 % and 12.1 %), ammonia volatilization (28.9 % and 30.2 %), and N2O emissions (10.4 % and 16.1 %). A reduction of 10 % in CRN fertilizer input maintained yield. Compared with normal amount, reducing 10, 20, and 30 % CRN input increased NUE by 7.0-7.6 %, 7.3-7.4 %, and 11.6-12.6 %; reduced runoff loss by 16.1-17.9 %, 27.9-30.7 %, and 35.0-37.2 %; decreased leaching loss by 7.6-12.8 %, 18.1-22.6 %, and 26.5-31.4 %; decreased ammonia volatilization by 9.9-12.3 %, 16.3-22.7 %, and 23.2-29.3 %, and decreased N2O loss by 7.8-13.3 %, 12.8-32.8 %, and 20.3-36.9 %, respectively. Soils with CRN input showed higher total and inorganic N contents than the soils with common urea, and the content increased in parallel with CRN fertilizer input. Soil N content and N runoff loss were significantly related to yield and N uptake, and N runoff and leaching losses were significantly related to NUE. These results support the sustainable use of CRN fertilizers as a viable alternative to common urea, indicating that application rate of 135 and 162 kg N hm-2 of early and late rice, respectively, maintain yield and enhance N utilization in double-season paddy of southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Su
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiangmin Ronga
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Guixian Xie
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tian Chang
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Gongwen Luo
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China.
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5
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Kumar A, Solanki MK, Wang Z, Solanki AC, Singh VK, Divvela PK. Revealing the seed microbiome: Navigating sequencing tools, microbial assembly, and functions to amplify plant fitness. Microbiol Res 2024; 279:127549. [PMID: 38056172 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities within seeds play a vital role in transmitting themselves to the next generation of plants. These microorganisms significantly impact seed vigor and early seedling growth, for successful crop establishment. Previous studies reported on seed-associated microbial communities and their influence on processes like dormancy release, germination, and disease protection. Modern sequencing and conventional methods reveal microbial community structures and environmental impacts, these information helps in microbial selection and manipulation. These studies form the foundation for using seed microbiomes to enhance crop resilience and productivity. While existing research has primarily focused on characterizing microbiota in dried mature seeds, a significant gap exists in understanding how these microbial communities assemble during seed development. The review also discusses applying seed-associated microorganisms to improve crops in the context of climate change. However, limited knowledge is available about the microbial assembly pattern on seeds, and their impact on plant growth. The review provides insight into microbial composition, functions, and significance for plant health, particularly regarding growth promotion and pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Department of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences, IES University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Agricultural College, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Anjali Chandrol Solanki
- Department of Agriculture, Mansarover Global University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462042, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Li XY, Wu WF, Wu CY, Hu Y, Xiang Q, Li G, Lin XY, Zhu YG. Seeds Act as Vectors for Antibiotic Resistance Gene Dissemination in a Soil-Plant Continuum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21358-21369. [PMID: 38078407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Though the evidence for antibiotic resistance spread via plant microbiome is mounting, studies regarding antibiotic resistome in the plant seed, a reproductive organ and important food resource, are still in their infancy. This study investigated the effects of long-term organic fertilization on seed bacterial endophytes, resistome, and their intergenerational transfer in the microcosm. A total of 99 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and 26 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR. The amount of organic fertilizer applied was positively correlated to the number and relative abundance of seed-associated ARGs and MGEs. Moreover, the transmission of ARGs from the rhizosphere to the seed was mainly mediated by the shared bacteria and MGEs. Notably, the rhizosphere of progeny seedlings derived from seeds harboring abundant ARGs was found to have a higher relative abundance of ARGs. Using structural equation models, we further revealed that seed resistome and MGEs were key factors affecting the ARGs in the progeny rhizosphere, implying the seed was a potential resistome reservoir for rhizosphere soil. This study highlights the overlooked role of seed endophytes in the dissemination of resistome in the soil-plant continuum, and more attention should be paid to plant seeds as vectors of ARGs within the "One-Health" framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wei-Feng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Xian-Yong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Ma N, Yin D, Liu Y, Gao Z, Cao Y, Chen T, Huang Z, Jia Q, Wang D. Succession of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi and their correlation with secondary metabolites in Fagopyrum dibotrys. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1220431. [PMID: 37601353 PMCID: PMC10434241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1220431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Golden buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys, also known as F. acutatum) is a traditional edible herbal medicinal plant with a large number of secondary metabolites and is considered to be a source of therapeutic compounds. Different ecological environments have a significant impact on their compound content and medicinal effects. However, little is known about the interactions between soil physicochemical properties, the rhizosphere, endophytic fungal communities, and secondary metabolites in F. dibotrys. In this study, the rhizosphere soil and endophytic fungal communities of F. dibotrys in five different ecological regions in China were identified based on high-throughput sequencing methods. The correlations between soil physicochemical properties, active components (total saponins, total flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, and epicatechin), and endophytic and rhizosphere soil fungi of F. dibotrys were analyzed. The results showed that soil pH, soil N, OM, and P were significantly correlated with the active components of F. dibotrys. Among them, epicatechin, proanthocyanidin, and total saponins were significantly positively correlated with soil pH, while proanthocyanidin content was significantly positively correlated with STN, SAN, and OM in soil, and total flavone content was significantly positively correlated with P in soil. In soil microbes, Mortierella, Trechispora, Exophiala, Ascomycota_unclassified, Auricularia, Plectosphaerella, Mycena, Fungi_unclassified, Agaricomycetes_unclassified, Coprinellus, and Pseudaleuria were significantly related to key secondary metabolites of F. dibotrys. Diaporthe and Meripilaceae_unclassified were significantly related to key secondary metabolites in the rhizome. This study presents a new opportunity to deeply understand soil-plant-fungal symbioses and secondary metabolites in F. dibotrys, as well as provides a scientific basis for using biological fertilization strategies to improve the quality of F. dibotrys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dengpan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaojun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Guo X, Wang L, Zhu G, Xu Y, Meng T, Zhang W, Li G, Zhou G. Impacts of Inherent Components and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Eating and Cooking Quality of Rice: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:2495. [PMID: 37444233 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of living standards, the preferences of consumers are shifting to rice varieties with high eating and cooking quality (ECQ). Milled rice is mainly composed of starch, protein, and oil, which constitute the physicochemical basis of rice taste quality. This review summarizes the relationship between rice ECQ and its intrinsic ingredients, and also briefly introduces the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on rice ECQ. Rice varieties with higher AC usually have more long branches of amylopectin, which leach less when cooking, leading to higher hardness, lower stickinesss, and less panelist preference. High PC impedes starch pasting, and it may be hard for heat and moisture to enter the rice interior, ultimately resulting in worse rice eating quality. Rice with higher lipid content had a brighter luster and better eating quality, and starch lipids in rice have a greater impact on rice eating quality than non-starch lipids. The application of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance rice yield, but it also decreases the ECQ of rice. CRNF has been widely used in cereal crops such as maize, wheat, and rice as a novel, environmentally friendly, and effective fertilizer, and could increase rice quality to a certain extent compared with conventional urea. This review shows a benefit to finding more reasonable nitrogen fertilizer management that can be used to regulate the physical and chemical indicators of rice grains in production and to improve the taste quality of rice without affecting yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Guo
- Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- China-Sudan Joint Laboratory of Crop Salinity and Drought Stress Physiology, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Luqi Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yunji Xu
- Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Tianyao Meng
- Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- China-Sudan Joint Laboratory of Crop Salinity and Drought Stress Physiology, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College for Overseas Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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Sun C, Wang R, Tang G, Cai S, Shi H, Liu F, Xie H, Zhu J, Xiong Q. Integrated 16S and metabolomics revealed the mechanism of drought resistance and nitrogen uptake in rice at the heading stage under different nitrogen levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1120584. [PMID: 37089655 PMCID: PMC10114610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1120584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The normal methods of agricultural production worldwide have been strongly affected by the frequent occurrence of drought. Rice rhizosphere microorganisms have been significantly affected by drought stress. To provide a hypothetical basis for improving the drought resistance and N utilization efficiency of rice, the study adopted a barrel planting method at the heading stage, treating rice with no drought or drought stress and three different nitrogen (N) levels. Untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology were used to study the changes in microorganisms in roots and the differential metabolites (DMs) in rhizosphere soil. The results showed that under the same N application rate, the dry matter mass, N content and N accumulation in rice plants increased to different degrees under drought stress. The root soluble protein, nitrate reductase and soil urease activities were improved over those of the no-drought treatment. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Nitrospirota and Zixibacteria were the dominant flora related to N absorption. A total of 184 DMs (98 upregulated and 86 downregulated) were identified between low N with no drought (LN) and normal N with no drought (NN); 139 DMs (83 upregulated and 56 downregulated) were identified between high N with no drought (HN) and NN; 166 DMs (103 upregulated and 63 downregulated) were identified between low N with drought stress (LND) and normal N with drought stress (NND); and 124 DMs (71 upregulated and 53 downregulated) were identified between high N with drought stress (HND) and NND. Fatty acyl was the metabolite with the highest proportion. KEGG analysis showed that energy metabolism pathways, such as D-alanine metabolism and the phosphotransferase system (PTS), were enriched. We conclude that N-metabolism enzymes with higher activity and higher bacterial diversity have a significant effect on drought tolerance and nitrogen uptake in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Runnan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Tang
- Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice Research Institute, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuo Cai
- Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, China
| | - Fangping Liu
- Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengwang Xie
- Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiangqiang Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiangqiang Xiong,
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