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Wang Y, Tian H, Zhang C, Xu J, Liu X, Ma F, Wei X, Sun Y. Degradation and mechanism of PAHs by Fe-based activated persulfate: Effect of temperature and noble metal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172768. [PMID: 38670359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of contaminants like PAHs in soil due to industrialization, urbanization, and intensified agriculture poses environmental challenges, owing to their persistence, hydrophobic nature, and toxicity. Thus, the degradation of PAHs has attracted worldwide attention in soil remediation. This study explored the effect of noble metal and temperature on the degradation of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil, as well as the types of reactive radicals generated and mechanism. The Fe-Pd/AC and Fe-Pt/AC activated persulfate exhibited high removal efficiency of 19 kinds of PAHs, about 79.95 % and 83.36 %, respectively. Fe-Pt/AC-activated persulfate exhibits superior degradation efficiency than that on Fe-Pd/AC-activated persulfate, due to the higher specific surface area and dispersity of Pt particles, thereby resulting in increased reactive radicals (·OH, SO4-· and ·OOH). Additionally, thermal activation enhances the degradation of PAHs, with initial efficiencies of 64.20 % and 55.49 % on Fe-Pd/AC- and Fe-Pt/AC-activated persulfate systems respectively, increasing to 76.05 % and 73.14 % with elevated temperatures from 21.5 to 50 °C. Metal and thermal activation facilitate S2O82- activation, generating reactive radicals, crucial for the degradation of PAHs via ring opening and oxygen hydrogenation reactions, yielding low-ring oxygen-containing derivatives such as organic acids, keto compounds, ethers, and esters. Furthermore, understanding the impact of parameters such as activation temperature and the types of noble metals on the degradation of PAHs within the activated persulfate system provides a theoretical foundation for the remediation of PAH-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huifang Tian
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xingshuang Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fujun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xinqing Wei
- Tianjin JC Environmental Services, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Yifei Sun
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Research Center for Advanced Energy and Carbon Neutrality, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Che M, Xiao J, Shan C, Chen S, Huang R, Zhou Y, Cui M, Qi W, Su R. Efficient removal of chloroform from groundwater using activated percarbonate by cellulose nanofiber-supported Fe/Cu nanocomposites. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120420. [PMID: 37523925 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chloroform (CF) is a recalcitrant halogenated methane (HM) that has received widespread attention due to its frequent detection in groundwater and its potential carcinogenic risk. In this study, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber-supported iron/copper bimetallic nanoparticles (TOCNF-Fe/Cu), a novel composite catalyst, was synthesized to activate sodium percarbonate (SPC) for the removal of CF from groundwater. The results showed that over 96.3% of CF could be removed in a neutral reaction medium (pH 6.5-9) within 180 min using 0.66 g L-1 of TOCNF (0.32)-Fe/Cu (1) and 1 mM of SPC, which outperforms typical advanced oxidation processes. The reaction mechanism of the TOCNF-Fe/Cu-SPC system for the CF removal was elucidated. As demonstrated through electron paramagnetic resonance and quenching experiments, the TOCNF-Fe/Cu-SPC system was found to include •OH and O2•-, where the latter played a dominant role in the CF removal. DFT calculations indicated that TOCNF improved the electron transport capability of Fe/Cu and reduced the transition state energy. The Fe species on the surface of TOCNF-Fe/Cu were identified as the primary active sites for SPC activation, whereas the Cu species were beneficial to the regeneration of the Fe species. Additionally, TOCNF-Fe/Cu was found to have good recyclability and stability. The feasibility of the TOCNF-Fe/Cu-SPC system was further confirmed by applying it for the efficient removal of composite HMs from actually contaminated groundwater. Overall, the TOCNF-Fe/Cu-SPC system is an attractive candidate for the treatment of HM-contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Che
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jingzhe Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Cancan Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shaohuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Renliang Huang
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Yitong Zhou
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Mei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China.
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Yang G, Jiang Y, Yin B, Liu G, Ma D, Zhang G, Zhang G, Xin Y, Chen Q. Efficiency and mechanism on photocatalytic degradation of fluoranthene in soil by Z-scheme g-C 3N 4/α-Fe 2O 3 photocatalyst under simulated sunlight. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27334-1. [PMID: 37147542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil have potential harm on human health. However, remediation of PAH-contaminated soils through photocatalytic technology remains a challenge. Therefore, the photocatalyst g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3 was synthesized and applied to photocatalytic degradation of fluoranthene in soil. The physicochemical properties of g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3 and various degradation parameters, such as catalyst dosage, the ratio of water/soil, and initial pH, were investigated in detail. In soil slurry reaction system (water/soil=10:1, w/w), the optimal degradation efficiency on fluoranthene was 88.7% after simulated sunlight irradiation for 12 h (contaminated soil=2 g, initial fluoranthene concentration=36 mg/kg, catalyst dosage=5%, and pH=6.8), and the photocatalytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The degradation efficiency of g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3 was higher compared with P25. Degradation mechanism analysis showed that •O2- and h+ are the main active species in photocatalytic degradation process of fluoranthene by g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3. Coupling g-C3N4 and α-Fe2O3 enhances the interfacial charge transport capacity via Z-scheme charge transfer route and inhibits the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes of g-C3N4 and α-Fe2O3, then significantly improves the production of active species and photocatalytic activity. Results showed that photocatalytic treatment of soil by g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3 is an effective strategy for remediation of soils contaminated by PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guocheng Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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