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Fang Q, Qiu T, Ye T, Feng Z, Tian X, Cao Y, Bai J, Liu Y. Prenatal ozone exposure and variations of the gut microbiome: Evidence from a Chinese mother-infant cohort. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116861. [PMID: 39137463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is central to human health, but the potential impact of ozone (O3) exposure on its establishment in early life has not been thoroughly examined. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal O3 exposure and the variations of the human gut microbiome during the first two years of life. DESIGN A cohort study design was used. Pregnant women in the third trimester were recruited from an obstetric clinic, and long-term follow-ups were conducted after delivery. The gut microbiome was analyzed using the 16 S rRNA V3-V4 gene regions. Functional pathway analyses of gut microbial communities in neonates were performed using Tax4fun. The average concentrations of ambient O3 and other air pollutants from pregnancy to delivery were calculated using the China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset, based on the permanent residential addresses of participants. Multiple linear regression and mixed linear models were utilized to investigate the associations between prenatal O3 exposure and gut microbiome features. RESULTS Prenatal O3 exposure did not significantly affect the gut microbial alpha diversity of mothers and neonates. However, it was found to be positively associated with the gut microbial alpha diversity in 24-month-old infants. Prenatal O3 exposure explained 13.1 % of the variation in neonatal gut microbial composition. After controlling for potential covariates, prenatal O3 exposure was associated with neonatal-specific gut microbial taxa and functional pathways. Furthermore, the mixed linear models showed that prenatal O3 exposure was negatively associated with variations of Streptococcus (p-value = 0.001, q-value = 0.005), Enterococcus (p-value = 0.001, q-value = 0.005), Escherichia-Shigella (p-value = 0.010, q-value = 0.025), and Bifidobacterium (p-value = 0.003, q-value = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to examine the effects of prenatal O3 exposure on gut microbial homeostasis and variations. It demonstrates that prenatal O3 exposure is associated with variations in certain aspects of the gut microbiome. These findings provide novel insights into the dynamics and establishment of the human microbiome during the first two years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Fang
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianlai Qiu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tian Ye
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zijun Feng
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuqi Tian
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Research Center for Lifespan Health, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
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2
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Qiu T, Fang Q, Tian X, Cao Y, Fan X, Li Y, Tu Y, Liu L, Chen Z, Wei Y, Bai J, Huang J, Liu Y. Time-varying ambient air pollution exposure is associated with gut microbiome variation in the first 2 years of life. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124705. [PMID: 39134171 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The infant gut microbiome matures greatly in the first year of life. Ambient air pollution (AAP) exposure is associated with the infant gut microbiome. However, whether time-varying AAP influences infant gut microbiome variation is rarely investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PM2.5, PM10, and O3 on infant gut microbiome variation longitudinally. Demographic information, stool samples, and AAP exposure concentrations were collected at 6, 12, 24 months from infants. Gut microbiome was processed and analyzed using 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene regions. AAP exposure concentrations were calculated using the China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) database. Multiple pollutant models were used to assess the mixed effects of PM2.5, PM10, and O3 on infant gut microbiome variation. Infants' gut microbiomes at 6, 12, 24 months old had significant differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and community composition. PM2.5 and O3 respectively explained 6.3% and 5.3% of the differences in community composition for 24-month-old infants. Single pollutant exposure and multiple pollutant exposure in different periods were both associated with alpha diversity indices and specific gut microbial phyla and genera. AAP was more associated with infant gut microbial alpha diversity indices, phyla variations, and genera variations at 12-24 months than 6-12 months. Multiple pollutant exposure in 0-2 lag months showed negative correlations with 12-24 months variation in Escherichia-Shigella (β = -0.854, 95%CI: 1.398 to -0.310) and Enterococcus (β = -0.979, 95%CI: 1.429 to -0.530). This study highlighted that time-varying PM2.5, PM10, and O3 synergistically influenced the variation of alpha diversity and abundance of gut microbial taxa in infants. Further research is needed to explore the effects and mechanisms of other environmental exposures on infant gut microbiome variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlai Qiu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qingbo Fang
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xuqi Tian
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yiming Tu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Linxia Liu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zitong Chen
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Research Center for Lifespan Health, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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3
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Hu A, Li R, Chen G, Chen S. Impact of Respiratory Dust on Health: A Comparison Based on the Toxicity of PM2.5, Silica, and Nanosilica. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7654. [PMID: 39062897 PMCID: PMC11277548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory dust of different particle sizes in the environment causes diverse health effects when entering the human body and makes acute or chronic damage through multiple systems and organs. However, the precise toxic effects and potential mechanisms induced by dust of different particle sizes have not been systematically summarized. In this study, we described the sources and characteristics of three different particle sizes of dust: PM2.5 (<2.5 μm), silica (<5 μm), and nanosilica (<100 nm). Based on their respective characteristics, we further explored the main toxicity induced by silica, PM2.5, and nanosilica in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the health implications of respiratory dust on the human body, and especially proposed potential synergistic effects, considering current studies. In summary, this review summarized the health hazards and toxic mechanisms associated with respiratory dust of different particle sizes. It could provide new insights for investigating the synergistic effects of co-exposure to respiratory dust of different particle sizes in mixed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China; (A.H.); (R.L.); (G.C.)
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4
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Schmidt S. Microbial Buffer? The Human Lung Microbiome and Immune Responses to Diesel Exhaust. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:74002. [PMID: 39073991 PMCID: PMC11285853 DOI: 10.1289/ehp15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Having a more diverse lung microbiome was associated better lung capacity and lower measures of airway inflammation among a small group of volunteers exposed to diesel exhaust-even in those with COPD.
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5
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Bridge LA, Hernández Vargas JA, Trujillo-Cáceres SJ, Beigrezaei S, Chatelan A, Salehi-Abargouei A, Muka T, Uriza-Pinzón JP, Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Franco OH, Grompone G, Artola Arita V. Two cosmoses, one universe: a narrative review exploring the gut microbiome's role in the effect of urban risk factors on vascular ageing. Maturitas 2024; 184:107951. [PMID: 38471294 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In the face of rising global urbanisation, understanding how the associated environment and lifestyle impact public health is a cornerstone for prevention, research, and clinical practice. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with urban risk factors contributing greatly to its burden. The current narrative review adopts an exposome approach to explore the effect of urban-associated physical-chemical factors (such as air pollution) and lifestyle on cardiovascular health and ageing. In addition, we provide new insights into how these urban-related factors alter the gut microbiome, which has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We focus on vascular ageing, before disease onset, to promote preventative research and practice. We also discuss how urban ecosystems and social factors may interact with these pathways and provide suggestions for future research, precision prevention and management of vascular ageing. Most importantly, future research and decision-making would benefit from adopting an exposome approach and acknowledging the diverse and boundless universe of the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Anne Bridge
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juliana Alexandra Hernández Vargas
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Silvia Juliana Trujillo-Cáceres
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Beigrezaei
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Angeline Chatelan
- Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Julieth Pilar Uriza-Pinzón
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vicente Artola Arita
- Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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6
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Rio P, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Pollutants, microbiota and immune system: frenemies within the gut. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1285186. [PMID: 38799688 PMCID: PMC11116734 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1285186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution is a critical concern of modern society for its heterogeneous effects on human health, despite a widespread lack of awareness. Environmental pollutants promote several pathologies through different molecular mechanisms. Pollutants can affect the immune system and related pathways, perturbing its regulation and triggering pro-inflammatory responses. The exposure to several pollutants also leads to alterations in gut microbiota with a decreasing abundance of beneficial microbes, such as short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, and an overgrowth of pro-inflammatory species. The subsequent intestinal barrier dysfunction, together with oxidative stress and increased inflammatory responses, plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. Moreover, pollutants encourage the inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence through various mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, dysregulation of cellular signalling pathways, cell cycle impairment and genomic instability. In this narrative review, we will describe the interplay between pollutants, gut microbiota, and the immune system, focusing on their relationship with inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the health-to-disease transition may allow the design of public health policies aimed at reducing the burden of disease related to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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7
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Imdad S, Kim JH, So B, Jang J, Park J, Lim W, Lee YK, Shin WS, Hillyer T, Kang C. Effect of aerobic exercise and particulate matter exposure duration on the diversity of gut microbiota. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:137-151. [PMID: 38601060 PMCID: PMC11005883 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2338855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial bacteria. In this study, we analyzed changes in gut microbial diversity and composition in response to combined interventions of PM exposure and aerobic exercise, extending up to 12 weeks. This investigation was conducted using mice, categorized into five groups: control group (Con), exercise group (EXE), exercise group followed by 3-day exposure to PM (EXE + 3-day PM), particulate matter exposure (PM), and PM exposure with concurrent treadmill exercise (PME). Notably, the PM group exhibited markedly lower alpha diversity and richness compared to the Con group and our analysis of beta diversity revealed significant variations among the intervention groups. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family showed significant enhancement in the exercise intervention groups (EXE and PME) compared to the Con and PM groups. The biomarker Lactobacillus, Coriobacteraceae, and Anaerofustis were enriched in the EXE group, while Desulfovibrionaceae, Mucispirillum schaedleri, Lactococcus and Anaeroplasma were highly enriched in the PM group. Differential abundance analysis revealed that Paraprevotella, Bacteroides, and Blautia were less abundant in the 12-week PM exposure group than in the 3-day PM exposure group. Moreover, both the 3-day and 12-week PM exposure groups exhibited a reduced relative abundance of Bacteroides uniformis, SMB53, and Staphylococcus compared to non-PM exposure groups. These findings will help delineate the possible roles and associations of altered microbiota resulting from the studied interventions, paving the way for future mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Imdad
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Byunghun So
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jinhan Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Wonchung Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwang Lee
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Woo Shik Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Trae Hillyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Chounghun Kang
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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Wang S, Zhang T, Li Z, Hong J. Exploring pollutant joint effects in disease through interpretable machine learning. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133707. [PMID: 38335621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the impact of pollutants on diseases is crucial. However, assessing the health risks posed by the interplay of multiple pollutants is challenging. This study introduces the concept of Pollutants Outcome Disease, integrating multidisciplinary knowledge and employing explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to explore the joint effects of industrial pollutants on diseases. Using lung cancer as a representative case study, an extreme gradient boosting predictive model that integrates meteorological, socio-economic, pollutants, and lung cancer statistical data is developed. The joint effects of industrial pollutants on lung cancer are identified and analyzed by employing the SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) interpretable machine learning technique. Results reveal substantial spatial heterogeneity in emissions from CPG and ILC, highlighting pronounced nonlinear relationships among variables. The model yielded strong predictions (an R of 0.954, an RMSE of 4283, and an R2 of 0.911) and emphasized the impact of pollutant emission amounts on lung cancer responses. Diverse joint effects patterns were observed, varying in terms of patterns, regions (frequency), and the extent of antagonistic and synergistic effects among pollutants. The study provides a new perspective for exploring the joint effects of pollutants on diseases and demonstrates the potential of AI technology to assist scientific discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tianzhuo Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ziheng Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinglan Hong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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9
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Burris HH, Yang N, Riis V, Valeri L, South EC, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. The role of neighborhood deprivation in the cervicovaginal microbiota. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024; 6:101291. [PMID: 38246324 PMCID: PMC10948309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota is associated with spontaneous preterm birth and is more common among Black individuals. Persistent racial segregation in the United States has led to differential neighborhood exposures by race that can affect pregnancy outcomes. The extent to which neighborhood exposures may explain racial differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether neighborhood deprivation, defined as material community deprivation, is associated with a Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota in a prospective cohort of pregnant individuals. Our hypothesis was that racial differences in neighborhood deprivation may explain the higher prevalence of Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota in Black birthing people. STUDY DESIGN This study analyzed data from Motherhood and Microbiome, a prospective pregnancy cohort enrolled from prenatal clinics in a single hospital system 2013-2016 in which a Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota was previously shown to be associated with spontaneous preterm birth. This study geocoded addresses to obtain census tract neighborhood deprivation data from the Brokamp Nationwide Community Deprivation Index that uses weighted proportions of poverty, income, public assistance, lack of health insurance, and vacant housing. Generalized linear mixed models quantified associations of deprivation with the cervicovaginal microbiota accounting for geographic clustering by census tract and potential confounders. Because of different distributions of neighborhood deprivation and the cervicovaginal microbiota, race-stratified models were used. Mediation analyses quantified the extent to which deprivation may contribute to racial differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota. RESULTS Higher neighborhood deprivation was associated with a Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota. Per standard deviation increment of deprivation, participants had 28% higher adjusted odds (adjusted odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.58) of a Lactobacillus-deficient microbiota. Black participants had higher odds of a Lactobacillus-deficient microbiota than White participants (adjusted odds ratio, 4.00; 95% confidence interval, 2.05-8.26), and mediation analysis revealed that deprivation accounted for 22% (P=.046) of that disparity. CONCLUSION Neighborhood deprivation was associated with Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota and may partially explain Black-White disparities in the cervicovaginal microbiota. Mechanistic studies to explore how environmental exposures modify the cervicovaginal microbiota are warranted to identify novel opportunities for future interventional strategies to prevent preterm birth. As the findings demonstrate a potential biological effect from neighborhood conditions, policies that drive urban planning should be explored to improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather H Burris
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA (Dr Burris); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (Dr Burris); Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (Dr Burris).
| | - Nancy Yang
- University of California San Francisco Medical School, San Francisco, CA (Ms. Yang)
| | - Valerie Riis
- Women's Biomedical Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY (Ms. Riis and Dr. Elovitz)
| | - Linda Valeri
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY (Dr. Valeri)
| | - Eugenia C South
- Penn Urban Health Lab, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (Dr. South)
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (Dr. Ravel)
| | - Michal A Elovitz
- Women's Biomedical Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY (Ms. Riis and Dr. Elovitz); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY (Dr. Elovitz)
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10
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Panigrahi P. The neonatal gut microbiome and global health. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2352175. [PMID: 38743045 PMCID: PMC11095572 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2352175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiome in health, a century-old concept, has been on the center stage of medical research recently. While different body sites, disease conditions, and populations have been targeted, neonatal and early infancy appear to be the most suitable period for such interventions. It is intriguing to note that, unlike traditional use in diarrhea and maintenance of gastrointestinal health, microbiome-mediating therapies have now addressed the most serious medical conditions in young infants such as necrotizing enterocolitis and neonatal sepsis. Unfortunately, almost all new endeavors in this space have been carried out in the Western world leaving behind millions of neonates that can benefit from such manipulations while serving as a large resource for further learning. In this review, an attempt has been made to quantify the global burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality, examples presented on interventions that have failed as a result of drawing from studies conducted in the West, and a case made for manipulating the neonatal gut microbiome to address the biggest killers in early life. A brief comparative analysis has been made to demonstrate the differences in the gut microbiota of North and South and a large clinical trial of synbiotics conducted by our group in a South Asian setting has been presented. Although challenging, the value of conducting such global health research is introduced with an intent to invite medical scientists to engage in well-planned, scientifically robust research endeavors. This can bring about innovation while saving and serving the most vulnerable citizens now and protecting them from the negative health consequences in the later part of their lives, ultimately shaping a resilient and equitable world as pledged by 193 United Nations member countries in 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Panigrahi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, International Microbiome Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown, WA, USA
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11
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Feathers A, Lovasi GS, Grigoryan Z, Beem K, Datta SK, Faleck DM, Socci T, Maggi R, Swaminath A. Crohn's Disease Mortality and Ambient Air Pollution in New York City. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023:izad243. [PMID: 37934758 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide increase in Crohn's disease (CD) has accelerated alongside rising urbanization and accompanying decline in air quality. Air pollution affects epithelial cell function, modulates immune responses, and changes the gut microbiome composition. In epidemiologic studies, ambient air pollution has a demonstrated relationship with incident CD and hospitalizations. However, no data exist on the association of CD-related death and air pollution. METHODS We conducted an ecologic study comparing the number of CD-related deaths of individuals residing in given zip codes, with the level of air pollution from nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and fine particulate matter. Air pollution was measured by the New York Community Air Survey. We conducted Pearson correlations and a Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Each pollution component was modeled separately. RESULTS There was a higher risk of CD-related death in zip codes with higher levels of SO2 (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.27). Zip codes with higher percentage of Black or Latinx residents were associated with lower CD-related death rates in the SO2 model (IRR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.98; and IRR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.05-0.30, respectively). There was no significant association of either population density or area-based income with the CD-related death rate. CONCLUSIONS In New York City from 1993 to 2010, CD-related death rates were higher among individuals from neighborhoods with higher levels of SO2 but were not associated with levels of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and fine particulate matter. These findings raise an important and timely public health issue regarding exposure of CD patients to environmental SO2, warranting further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gina S Lovasi
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zoya Grigoryan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Samit K Datta
- Gastroenterology, Department at Skagit Regional Health in Mt. Vernon, WA
| | - David M Faleck
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Socci
- Division of Gastroenterology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Maggi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arun Swaminath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Zanardi KR, Grancieri M, Silva CW, Trivillin LO, Viana ML, Costa AGV, Costa NMB. Functional effects of yacon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius) and kefir on systemic inflammation, antioxidant activity, and intestinal microbiome in rats with induced colorectal cancer. Food Funct 2023; 14:9000-9017. [PMID: 37740322 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality. The modulation of intestinal health through the administration of pro- and prebiotics may be a viable alternative to reduce the risk of CRC. This study aimed to evaluate the functional effects of yacon and kefir, isolated or associated, in rats with colorectal cancer. Adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): HC (healthy control AIN-93M diet), CC (CCR + AIN-93M diet), Y (CCR + AIN-93 M + yacon diet), K (CCR + AIN-93-M + kefir diet) and YK (CCR + AIN-93 M + yacon + kefir diet). Colorectal carcinogenesis was induced in groups CC, Y, K, and YK with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (55 mg kg-1, subcutaneously) for 5 weeks. From the 6th week onwards, the experimental groups were fed the respective diets. In the 15th week, urine was collected for analysis of intestinal permeability and then the animals were euthanized. Yacon increased acetate levels, reduced pH and carcinogenic neoplastic lesions, and increased the abundance of bacteria related to the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, such as the genera Dorea, Collinsela, and Bifidobacteria. On the other hand, kefir increased macroscopic neoplastic lesions and increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Clostridium. The association of yacon + kefir increased the number of carcinogenic lesions, despite a reduction in pH and beneficial bacteria prevalence. Thus, it is concluded that yacon, unlikely kefir, is a promising alternative to mitigate the manifestations of induced carcinogenesis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Rodrigues Zanardi
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Grancieri
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Caroline Woelffel Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Trivillin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mirelle Lomar Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - André Gustavo Vasconcelos Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
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Oyebode IH, Just AC, Ravel J, Elovitz MA, Burris HH. Impact of exposure to air pollution on cervicovaginal microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116492. [PMID: 37354930 PMCID: PMC10527781 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vaginal microbial communities can be dominated by anaerobic (community state type IV, CST IV) or Lactobacillus (other CSTs) species. CST IV is a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and is more common among Black than White populations. In the US, average air pollution exposures are higher among Black compared to White people and exert systemic health effects. We sought to (1) quantify associations of air pollution, specifically particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), with CST IV and (2) explore the extent to which racial disparities in PM2.5 exposure might explain racial differences in the prevalence of CST IV. DESIGN Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of 566 participants of the Motherhood & Microbiome study. PM2.5 exposures were derived from a machine learning model integrating NASA satellite and EPA ground monitor data. Previously, cervicovaginal swabs from 15 to 20 weeks' gestation were analyzed using 16 S rRNA sequencing and hierarchical clustering assigned CSTs. Multivariable logistic regression models calculated adjusted odds ratios of CST IV (vs. other CSTs) per interquartile range (IQR) increment of PM2.5. Race-stratified and mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS Higher PM2.5 exposure was associated with CST IV (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.02-1.91). Further adjustment for race/ethnicity attenuated the association (aOR 1.34, 95% CI: 0.97-1.83). Black participants (vs. White) had higher median PM2.5 exposure (10.6 vs. 9.6 μg/m3, P < 0.001) and higher prevalence of CST IV (47% vs. 11%, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that higher PM2.5 exposure may explain 3.9% (P = 0.038) and 3.3% (P = 0.15) of the Black-White disparity in CST IV in unadjusted and adjusted models, respectively. CONCLUSION PM2.5 was associated with CST IV, a risk factor for sPTB. Additionally, PM2.5 exposure may partially explain racial differences in the prevalence of CST IV. Further research is warranted to discover how environmental exposures affect microbial composition and perpetuate racial health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michal A Elovitz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather H Burris
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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