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Rivi V, Benatti C, Blom JMC, Pani L, Brunello N, Drago F, Papaleo F, Caraci F, Geraci F, Torrisi SA, Leggio GM, Tascedda F. The Role of Dopamine D3 Receptors, Dysbindin, and Their Functional Interaction in the Expression of Key Genes for Neuroplasticity and Neuroinflammation in the Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8699. [PMID: 37240042 PMCID: PMC10218262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia remains a clinically and pharmacologically unsolved challenge. Clinical and preclinical studies have revealed that the concomitant reduction in dysbindin (DYS) and dopamine receptor D3 functionality improves cognitive functions. However, the molecular machinery underlying this epistatic interaction has not yet been fully elucidated. The glutamate NMDA receptors and the neurotrophin BDNF, with their established role in promoting neuroplasticity, may be involved in the complex network regulated by the D3/DYS interaction. Furthermore, as inflammation is involved in the etiopathogenesis of several psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, the D3/DYS interaction may affect the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, by employing mutant mice bearing selective heterozygosis for D3 and/or DYS, we provide new insights into the functional interactions (single and synergic) between these schizophrenia susceptibility genes and the expression levels of key genes for neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in three key brain areas for schizophrenia: the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. In the hippocampus, the epistatic interaction between D3 and DYS reversed to the wild-type level the downregulated mRNA levels of GRIN1 and GRIN2A were observed in DYS +/- and D3 +/- mice. In all the areas investigated, double mutant mice had higher BDNF levels compared to their single heterozygote counterparts, whereas D3 hypofunction resulted in higher pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results may help to clarify the genetic mechanisms and functional interactions involved in the etiology and development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rivi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina Benatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Joan M. C. Blom
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nicoletta Brunello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Italian Institute of Technology, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Federica Geraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Sebastiano Alfio Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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Haddad C, Chamoun A, Sacre H, Hallit S, Salameh P, Calvet B. Cognitive function in recovered COVID-19 Lebanese patients with schizophrenia. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:7. [PMID: 36906570 PMCID: PMC10008071 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unclear whether COVID-19 which is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is associated with the deterioration of cognitive function among patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to evaluate changes in cognitive function before and after COVID-19 and associated factors among patients with schizophrenia at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC). METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted among 95 patients with schizophrenia followed from mid-2019 until June 2021 at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC). This cohort was divided into a group diagnosed with COVID-19 (n = 71) and another not diagnosed with COVID-19 (n = 24). The questionnaire included the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL). RESULTS The repeated-measures ANOVA showed no significant effect of time and the interaction between time and being diagnosed or not with COVID-19 on cognition. However, being diagnosed or not with COVID-19 had a significant effect on global cognitive function (p = 0.046), verbal memory (p = 0.046), and working memory (p = 0.047). The interaction between being diagnosed with COVID-19 and cognitive impairment at baseline was significantly associated with a higher cognitive deficit (Beta = 0.81; p = 0.005). Clinical symptoms, autonomy, and depression were not associated with the cognition (p > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION COVID-19 disease affected global cognition and memory: patients diagnosed with COVID-19 had more deficits in these domains than those without COVID-19. Further studies are necessary to clarify the variation of cognitive function among schizophrenic patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France. .,Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon. .,School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon. .,School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Angela Chamoun
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.,Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Benjamin Calvet
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France.,Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte et de la Personne Âgée, d'Addictologie, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, 87000, Limoges, France.,Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Unité de Recherche et d'Innovation, 87000, Limoges, France
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Nielsen KT, Andersen U, Wæhrens EE, von Bülow C. Quality of ADL task performance in persons with schizophrenia: Looking beyond independence. Scand J Occup Ther 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36635973 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2165541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with schizophrenia may experience decreased ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) indicated by need for assistance in everyday life. Others are independent, but their quality of ADL task performance in terms of effort and efficiency may still be impacted. AIMS/OBJECTIVES The overall purpose of this study was to explore the quality of ADL task performance in subgroups with schizophrenia (independent/needing assistance). MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants were in- and outpatients at a Psychiatric Hospital diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 83). Their quality of ADL task performance was evaluated using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Evaluations were conducted at the hospital. Two subgroups (A: independent and B: needing assistance) were created based on AMPS ADL ability measures. RESULTS The majority in both subgroups had AMPS ADL ability measures within the risk zones. Further, the majority in subgroup A had ADL ability measures within age expectations but below mean for well persons of the same age. Both ineffective motor and process skills were identified in both subgroups. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Occupational therapy is indicated for persons with schizophrenia, both for independent persons and for persons needing assistance. This is to prevent decline in or to enhance ADL ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tomra Nielsen
- The Department of Occupational Therapy, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark.,Occupation-Centered Occupational Therapy, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Andersen
- Occupation-Centered Occupational Therapy, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Department of Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University College, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens
- Occupation-Centered Occupational Therapy, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Occupational Science, User Perspectives and Community-Based Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cecilie von Bülow
- Occupation-Centered Occupational Therapy, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wisniewski V, Akintomide GS. The relationship between Motivation for Occupation and Pattern of Occupation scores of the MOHOST and types of discharge placement from a mental health rehabilitation unit. Br J Occup Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221083229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Model of Human and Occupational Screening Tool (MOHOST) is a scale used to assess occupational functioning in mental health inpatients which can inform suitable post-discharge placements. However, there is little research on the relationship between scores on Motivation for Occupation (MO) and Pattern of Occupation (PO) subscales of the MOHOST and types of discharge placement. Method The records of all patients discharged over a 2-year period from a male psychiatric rehabilitation unit were examined. All patients had undergone MOHOST assessments; however, these scores were not a factor in their discharge placement selection. Analyses were done on types of discharge placements (transfer to another psychiatric unit or community discharge) versus predischarge scores in MO and PO of MOHOST. Results N = 20 and average length of stay was 23 months. There was positive correlation between MO and PO scores and discharge placements (rs = 0.66, p = 0.002; rs = 0.67 and p = 0.001, respectively). Using ordinal logistic regression, for each unit increase of negative score in PO, there was 0.68 increase in the log odds of more restrictive discharge placements, p = 0.008. Conclusion The study suggests that MOHOST is a useful tool in determining suitable placements for patients being discharged or transferred from psychiatric rehabilitation units.
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KOTA M, UEZONO S, ISHIBASHI Y, KURAMOCHI S, KITAKAZE S, KAGANOI S. Outcomes of Physiotherapy on Activities of Daily Living and Discharge to the Community in Psychiatric Long-term Care Ward Patients. Phys Ther Res 2022; 25:84-91. [DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e10159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munetsugu KOTA
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Cosmopolitan University, Japan
| | - Sae UEZONO
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hirakawa Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Seiji KAGANOI
- Department of Rehabilitation, Geisei Hospital, Japan
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Reliability of police reports when assessing health information at the forensic post-mortem examination-using schizophrenia as a model. Int J Legal Med 2019; 134:1195-1201. [PMID: 31270603 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Autopsies continue to be the most reliable source of mortality statistics; however, more and more death certificates are based on the post-mortem external examination (PME) alone. Forensic PMEs differ from clinical PMEs, because the forensic pathologist usually has no preceding knowledge of the health of the decedent and must rely on information from authorities in the form of the police report. It is useful at the forensic PME to know whether the decedent suffered from a mental illness; however, it is unknown how valid such a diagnosis is, when based upon information in the police report alone. This study compared tentative diagnoses of schizophrenia from 500 forensic PMEs with a reference database based on the Danish National Patient Registry. We found that 19.3% of schizophrenia cases were missed, and 9.1 % of identified cases were false positives. Overall, 11.4% of all assessments were incorrect. Subgroup analysis showed that marital status as 'single' and the finding of illegal substances at the scene were predictors for both correctly identified and overlooked schizophrenia cases. The most reliable source of information was the decedent's general practitioner, whereas friends and neighbors were the most unreliable. Future studies should be aware of the risk of assigning a wrong diagnosis and use as many sources of information as possible. Taking the decedent's social history and observations about the scene into account may add to the diagnostic accuracy.
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