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Zupan J, Stražar K. Synovium-Derived and Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells from Early OA Patients Show Comparable In Vitro Properties to Those of Non-OA Patients. Cells 2024; 13:1238. [PMID: 39120270 PMCID: PMC11311703 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disorders like osteoarthritis (OA) might impair the ability of tissue-resident mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue regeneration. As primary cells with MSC-like properties are exploited for patient-derived stem cell therapies, a detailed evaluation of their in vitro properties is needed. Here, we aimed to compare synovium-derived and bone-derived MSCs in early hip OA with those of patients without OA (non-OA). Tissues from three synovial sites of the hip (paralabral synovium, cotyloid fossa, inner surface of peripheral capsule) were collected along with peripheral trabecular bone from 16 patients undergoing hip arthroscopy (8 early OA and 8 non-OA patients). Primary cells isolated from tissues were compared using detailed in vitro analyses. Gene expression profiling was performed for the skeletal stem cell markers podoplanin (PDPN), CD73, CD164 and CD146 as well as for immune-related molecules to assess their immunomodulatory potential. Synovium-derived and bone-derived MSCs from early OA patients showed comparable clonogenicity, cumulative population doublings, osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic potential, and immunophenotype to those of non-OA patients. High PDPN/low CD146 profile (reminiscent of skeletal stem cells) was identified mainly for non-OA MSCs, while low PDPN/high CD146 mainly defined early OA MSCs. These data suggest that MSCs from early OA patients are not affected by degenerative changes in the hip. Moreover, the synovium represents an alternative source of MSCs for patient-derived stem cell therapies, which is comparable to bone. The expression profile reminiscent of skeletal stem cells suggests the combination of low PDPN and high CD146 as potential biomarkers in early OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Klemen Stražar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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2
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Reis IL, Lopes B, Sousa P, Sousa AC, Caseiro AR, Mendonça CM, Santos JM, Atayde LM, Alvites RD, Maurício AC. Equine Musculoskeletal Pathologies: Clinical Approaches and Therapeutical Perspectives-A Review. Vet Sci 2024; 11:190. [PMID: 38787162 PMCID: PMC11126110 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries such as equine osteoarthritis, osteoarticular defects, tendonitis/desmitis, and muscular disorders are prevalent among sport horses, with a fair prognosis for returning to exercise or previous performance levels. The field of equine medicine has witnessed rapid and fruitful development, resulting in a diverse range of therapeutic options for musculoskeletal problems. Staying abreast of these advancements can be challenging, prompting the need for a comprehensive review of commonly used and recent treatments. The aim is to compile current therapeutic options for managing these injuries, spanning from simple to complex physiotherapy techniques, conservative treatments including steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyaluronic acid, polysulfated glycosaminoglycans, pentosan polysulfate, and polyacrylamides, to promising regenerative therapies such as hemoderivatives and stem cell-based therapies. Each therapeutic modality is scrutinized for its benefits, limitations, and potential synergistic actions to facilitate their most effective application for the intended healing/regeneration of the injured tissue/organ and subsequent patient recovery. While stem cell-based therapies have emerged as particularly promising for equine musculoskeletal injuries, a multidisciplinary approach is underscored throughout the discussion, emphasizing the importance of considering various therapeutic modalities in tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês L. Reis
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), Avenida Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Bruna Lopes
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Sousa
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana R. Caseiro
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Veterinary Sciences Department, University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
- Vasco da Gama Research Center (CIVG), University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla M. Mendonça
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Jorge M. Santos
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís M. Atayde
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Rui D. Alvites
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), Avenida Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Maurício
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.L.R.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (C.M.M.); (J.M.S.); (L.M.A.); (R.D.A.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal
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Poomani MS, Regurajan R, Perumal R, Ramachandran A, Mariappan I, Muthan K, Subramanian V. Differentiation of placenta-derived MSCs cultured in human platelet lysate: a xenofree supplement. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:116. [PMID: 38524240 PMCID: PMC10959853 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based regenerative therapies in clinical applications have gradually become a hot topic due to their long-term self-renewal and multilineage differentiation ability. In this scenario, placenta (p) has been considered as a good source of MSCs. As a tissue of fetal origin with abundant number of stem cells compared to other sources, their non-invasive acquisition, strong immunosuppression, and lack of ethical concerns make placenta an indispensable source of MSC in stem cell research and therapy. The mesenchymal stem cells were derived from human term placenta (p-MSCs) in xenofree condition using platelet lysate (PL) as a suitable alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS). Upon isolation, p-MSCs showed plastic adherence with spindle-shaped, fibroblast-like morphology under microscope. p-MSCs flourished well in PL-containing media. Immunophenotyping showed classical MSC markers (> 90%) and lack expression of hematopoietic and HLA-DR (< 1%). Surprisingly, differentiation study showed differentiation of p-MSCs to mature adipocytes in both induced cells and control (spontaneous differentiation), as observed via oil red staining. This is in line with gene expression data where both control and induced cells were positive for visfatin and leptin. Thus, we propose that p-MSCs can be used for clinical applications in the treatment of various chronic and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Sobia Poomani
- Genetic Engineering and Regenerative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627012 India
| | - Rathika Regurajan
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627012 India
| | | | | | - Iyyadurai Mariappan
- Genetic Engineering and Regenerative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627012 India
| | - Krishnaveni Muthan
- Department of Animal Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627012 India
| | - Venkatesh Subramanian
- Genetic Engineering and Regenerative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627012 India
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4
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Konteles V, Papathanasiou I, Tzetis M, Goussetis E, Trachana V, Mourmoura E, Balis C, Malizos K, Tsezou A. Integration of Transcriptome and MicroRNA Profile Analysis of iMSCs Defines Their Rejuvenated State and Conveys Them into a Novel Resource for Cell Therapy in Osteoarthritis. Cells 2023; 12:1756. [PMID: 37443790 PMCID: PMC10340510 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although MSCs grant pronounced potential for cell therapies, several factors, such as their heterogeneity restrict their use. To overcome these limitations, iMSCs (MSCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have attracted attention. Here, we analyzed the transcriptome of MSCs, iPSCs and iMSCs derived from healthy individuals and osteoarthritis (OA) patients and explored miRNA-mRNA interactions during these transitions. We performed RNA-seq and gene expression comparisons and Protein-Protein-Interaction analysis followed by GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses. MicroRNAs' (miRNA) expression profile using miRarrays and differentially expressed miRNA's impact on regulating iMSCs gene expression was also explored. Our analyses revealed that iMSCs derivation from iPSCs favors the expression of genes conferring high proliferation, differentiation, and migration properties, all of which contribute to a rejuvenated state of iMSCs compared to primary MSCs. Additionally, our exploration of the involvement of miRNAs in this rejuvenated iMSCs transcriptome concluded in twenty-six miRNAs that, as our analysis showed, are implicated in pluripotency. Notably, the identified here interactions between hsa-let7b/i, hsa-miR-221/222-3p, hsa-miR-302c, hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-331 with target genes HMGA2, IGF2BP3, STARD4, and APOL6 could prove to be the necessary tools that will convey iMSCs into the ideal mean for cell therapy in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Konteles
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (V.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (V.K.); (I.P.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Maria Tzetis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evgenios Goussetis
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Evanthia Mourmoura
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (V.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Charalampos Balis
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (V.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Malizos
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (V.K.); (I.P.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
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5
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Chang W, Li P. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles: A novel therapeutic agent in ischemic heart diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1098634. [PMID: 36686710 PMCID: PMC9849567 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1098634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial injury is a major pathological factor that causes death in patients with heart diseases. In recent years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been generally used in treating many diseases in animal models and clinical trials. mesenchymal stromal cells have the ability to differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. Thus, these cells are considered suitable for cardiac injury repair. However, mechanistic studies have shown that the secretomes of mesenchymal stromal cells, mainly small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), have better therapeutic effects than mesenchymal stromal cells themselves. In addition, small extracellular vesicles have easier quality control characteristics and better safety profiles. Therefore, mesenchymal stromal cell-small extracellular vesicles are emerging as novel therapeutic agents for damaged myocardial treatment. To date, many clinical trials and preclinical experimental results have demonstrated the beneficial effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells-small extracellular vesicles on ischemic heart disease. However, the validation of therapeutic efficacy and the use of tissue engineering methods require an exacting scientific rigor and robustness. This review summarizes the current knowledge of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells- or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells-small extracellular vesicle-based therapy for cardiac injury and discusses critical scientific issues in the development of these therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peifeng Li
- *Correspondence: Wenguang Chang, ; Peifeng Li,
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Zheng Z, Li P, Shen F, Shi Y, Shao C. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Cancer: from Initiation to Metastasis. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:785-793. [PMID: 36462949 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exist in many tissues and have pleiotropic potential to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Recent research in tumor biology has focused on their low immunogenicity and tumorhoming properties. MSCs promote cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis through several different mechanisms, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and through their interaction with immune cells. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenic role of MSCs in regulating tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis, thus providing a strong rationale for targeting MSCs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Malinauskas M, Jankauskaite L, Aukstikalne L, Dabasinskaite L, Rimkunas A, Mickevicius T, Pockevicius A, Krugly E, Martuzevicius D, Ciuzas D, Baniukaitiene O, Usas A. Cartilage regeneration using improved surface electrospun bilayer polycaprolactone scaffolds loaded with transforming growth factor-beta 3 and rabbit muscle-derived stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:971294. [PMID: 36082160 PMCID: PMC9445302 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.971294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) has recently received significant attention due to its mechanical strength, low immunogenicity, elasticity, and biodegradability. Therefore, it is perfectly suitable for cartilage tissue engineering. PCL is relatively hydrophobic in nature, so its hydrophilicity needs to be enhanced before its use in scaffolding. In our study, first, we aimed to improve the hydrophilicity properties after the network of the bilayer scaffold was formed by electrospinning. Electrospun bilayer PCL scaffolds were treated with ozone and further loaded with transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGFβ3). In vitro studies were performed to determine the rabbit muscle-derived stem cells’ (rMDSCs) potential to differentiate into chondrocytes after the cells were seeded onto the scaffolds. Statistically significant results indicated that ozonated (O) scaffolds create a better environment for rMDSCs because collagen-II (Coll2) concentrations at day 21 were higher than non-ozonated (NO) scaffolds. In in vivo studies, we aimed to determine the cartilage regeneration outcomes by macroscopical and microscopical/histological evaluations at 3- and 6-month time-points. The Oswestry Arthroscopy Score (OAS) was the highest at both mentioned time-points using the scaffold loaded with TGFβ3 and rMDSCs. Evaluation of cartilage electromechanical quantitative parameters (QPs) showed significantly better results in cell-treated scaffolds at both 3 and 6 months. Safranin O staining indicated similar results as in macroscopical evaluations—cell-treated scaffolds revealed greater staining with safranin, although an empty defect also showed better results than non-cell-treated scaffolds. The scaffold with chondrocytes represented the best score when the scaffolds were evaluated with the Mankin histological grading scale. However, as in previous in vivo evaluations, cell-treated scaffolds showed better results than non-cell-treated scaffolds. In conclusion, we have investigated that an ozone-treated scaffold containing TGFβ3 with rMDSC is a proper combination and could be a promising scaffold for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Malinauskas
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Mantas Malinauskas,
| | - Lina Jankauskaite
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lauryna Aukstikalne
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Augustinas Rimkunas
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Mickevicius
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Alius Pockevicius
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Krugly
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Darius Ciuzas
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Odeta Baniukaitiene
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Usas
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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8
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Song Y, Li R, Ye M, Pan C, Zheng L, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Differences in chemotaxis of human mesenchymal stem cells and cervical cancer cells. Apoptosis 2022; 27:840-851. [PMID: 35849265 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been a rapid expansion in tumor targeted therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on their unique tropism towards cancer cells. Despite similarities in morphology, immunophenotype, and differential potent in vitro, MSCs originated from different tissues do not necessarily have equivalent biological behaviors. It is important to screen the most chemotactic MSCs to cancer cells. In this study, different MSCs were isolated from various human tissues including adipose, umbilical cord, amniotic membrane, and chorion. The chemotaxis of human MSCs to cervical cancer cells was measured by CCK-8, ELISA and Transwell invasion assays. Western blotting was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. MSCs derived from distinct sources can be differently recruited to cervical cancer cells, among which chorion-derived MSC (CD-MSC) possessed the strongest tropic capacity. CXCL12 was found to be highly secreted by cervical cancer cells, in parallel with the expression of CXCR4 in all MSCs. CD-MSC displayed the highest level of CXCR4. These results indicated that CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway contributed to the different chemotaxis to cervical cancer cells of each MSCs. This study proposed that CD-MSC with the highest CXCR4 expression is a promising therapeutic vehicle for targeted therapy in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizuo Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunyu Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Zhang S, Li J, Li C, He J, Ling F, Liu G. Isolation and identification of a mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-like population from pediatric urethral tissue. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:503-511. [PMID: 35817989 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important seed cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering because of their multidirectional differentiation potential, high proliferative capacity, low immunogenicity, and immunomodulatory ability. In this study, we successfully isolated and cultured a population of mesenchymal stem-like cells from pediatric urethra (PU-MSLCs). The cells had a spindle-shaped fibroblast-like morphology, similar to MSCs derived from other tissues. The PU-MSLCs highly expressed MSC surface markers CD29, CD73, CD90, and CD105 but were negative for leukocyte common antigen CD45, and MHC class II-encoded molecule HLA-DR. After in vitro induction, the PU-MSLCs had the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. The PU-MSLCs maintained a normal karyotype and showed no tumorigenicity during long-term cultivation. We thus demonstrated that the mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-like population obtained from pediatric urethra tissue is capable of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, has promising application prospects for cell therapy and tissue engineering, and is expected to contribute to urethral tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jierong Li
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunjing Li
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengsheng Ling
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Urology, Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Chancheng District, Affiliated Foshan Maternity &No.11, Renmin West Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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10
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Jasenc L, Stražar K, Mihelič A, Mihalič R, Trebše R, Haring G, Jeras M, Zupan J. In Vitro Characterization of the Human Skeletal Stem Cell-like Properties of Primary Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Patients with Late and Early Hip Osteoarthritis. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060899. [PMID: 35743928 PMCID: PMC9228448 DOI: 10.3390/life12060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human skeletal stem cells (hSSCs) were recently identified as podoplanin (PDPN)/CD73/CD164-positive and CD146-negative cells that decline with age, and play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to identify the hSSC-like properties of bone-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) of patients with late and early OA. Methods: First, we performed gene expression profiling for the hSSC markers in 32 patients with late and early OA, and donors without OA. Having identified the low expression of hSSC markers in late OA patients, we further performed trilineage differentiation and immunophenotyping for hSSC makers in the selected subsets from each donor group. Results: Our results show no differences in osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis between the MSCs from the three groups. However, the immunophenotyping shows lower CD164 in MSCs from early OA patients in comparison with late and no OA subjects (p = 0.002 and p = 0.017). Conclusions: Our study shows that the in vitro hSSC-like properties of bone-derived MSCs are similar in patients with early and late OA, and in donors without OA. However, the lower percentage of CD164-positive MSCs in early OA patients indicates the potential of CD164 as a marker of the onset of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Jasenc
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Klemen Stražar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Anže Mihelič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia; (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rene Mihalič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia; (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rihard Trebše
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia; (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Gregor Haring
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana., Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Matjaž Jeras
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Celica, Biomedical Center, d.o.o., Tehnoloski Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (J.Z.)
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Gonzalez-Vilchis RA, Piedra-Ramirez A, Patiño-Morales CC, Sanchez-Gomez C, Beltran-Vargas NE. Sources, Characteristics, and Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Cells in Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:325-361. [PMID: 35092596 PMCID: PMC8971271 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is a therapeutic option within regenerative medicine that allows to mimic the original cell environment and functional organization of the cell types necessary for the recovery or regeneration of damaged tissue using cell sources, scaffolds, and bioreactors. Among the cell sources, the utilization of mesenchymal cells (MSCs) has gained great interest because these multipotent cells are capable of differentiating into diverse tissues, in addition to their self-renewal capacity to maintain their cell population, thus representing a therapeutic alternative for those diseases that can only be controlled with palliative treatments. This review aimed to summarize the state of the art of the main sources of MSCs as well as particular characteristics of each subtype and applications of MSCs in TE in seven different areas (neural, osseous, epithelial, cartilage, osteochondral, muscle, and cardiac) with a systemic revision of advances made in the last 10 years. It was observed that bone marrow-derived MSCs are the principal type of MSCs used in TE, and the most commonly employed techniques for MSCs characterization are immunodetection techniques. Moreover, the utilization of natural biomaterials is higher (41.96%) than that of synthetic biomaterials (18.75%) for the construction of the scaffolds in which cells are seeded. Further, this review shows alternatives of MSCs derived from other tissues and diverse strategies that can improve this area of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Angelica Gonzalez-Vilchis
- Molecular Biology Undergraduate Program, Natural Science and Engineering Division, Cuajimalpa Unit, Autonomous Metropolitan University, 05340, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Angelica Piedra-Ramirez
- Molecular Biology Undergraduate Program, Natural Science and Engineering Division, Cuajimalpa Unit, Autonomous Metropolitan University, 05340, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cesar Patiño-Morales
- Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children's Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, 06720, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Concepcion Sanchez-Gomez
- Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children's Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, 06720, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Nohra E Beltran-Vargas
- Department of Processes and Technology, Natural Science and Engineering Division, Cuajimalpa Unit, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Cuajimalpa. Vasco de Quiroga 4871. Cuajimalpa de Morelos, 05348, CDMX, Mexico.
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12
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Haring G, Zupan J. Knee and Peri-Knee Tissues of Post Mortem Donors Are Strategic Sources of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for Regenerative Procedures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063170. [PMID: 35328593 PMCID: PMC8956054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues of post mortem donors represent valuable alternative sources for the isolation of primary cells with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-like properties. However, the properties of primary cells derived from different tissues and at different post mortem times are poorly recognized. Here, we aim to identify the optimal tissue source between three knee and peri-knee tissues for the isolation of primary cells with MSC-like properties, and to define the influence of the time post mortem on the properties of these cells. We harvested tissues from subchondral bone marrow, synovium and periosteum from 32 donors at various post mortem times. Primary cells were evaluated using detailed in vitro analyses, including colony formation, trilineage differentiation, immunophenotyping and skeletal stem cell marker-gene expression profiling. These data show that the primary cells with MSC-like properties isolated from these three tissues show no differences in their properties, except for higher expression of CD146 in bone-marrow cells. The success rate of the primary cell isolation is dependent on the post mortem time. However, synovium and periosteum cells isolated more than 48 h post mortem show improved osteogenic and chondrogenic potential. This study suggests that knee and peri-knee tissues from donors even 3 days post mortem are strategic sources of MSCs for regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Haring
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-4769626
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13
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Franck T, Ceusters J, Graide H, Mouithys-Mickalad A, Serteyn D. Muscle Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Activity of the Free and the Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET)-Bond Myeloperoxidase. Cells 2021; 10:3486. [PMID: 34943996 PMCID: PMC8700239 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to migrate to tissue injury sites to participate in immune modulation, tissue remodelling and wound healing, reducing tissue damage. Upon neutrophil activation, there is a release of myeloperoxidase (MPO), an oxidant enzyme. But little is known about the direct role of MSCs on MPO activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from muscle microinvasive biopsy (mdMSC) on the oxidant response of neutrophils and particularly on the activity of the myeloperoxidase released by stimulated equine neutrophils. After specific treatment (trypsin and washings in phosphate buffer saline), the mdMSCs were exposed to isolated neutrophils. The effect of the suspended mdMSCs was studied on the ROS production and the release of total and active MPO by stimulated neutrophils and specifically on the activity of MPO in a neutrophil-free model. Additionally, we developed a model combining adherent mdMSCs with neutrophils to study total and active MPO from the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). Our results show that mdMSCs inhibited the ROS production, the activity of MPO released by stimulated neutrophils and the activity of MPO bound to the NET. Moreover, the co-incubation of mdMSCs directly with MPO results in a strong inhibition of the peroxidase activity of MPO, probably by affecting the active site of the enzyme. We confirm the strong potential of mdMSCs to lower the oxidant response of neutrophils. The novelty of our study is an evident inhibition of the activity of MPO by MSCs. The results indicated a new potential therapeutic approach of mdMSCs in the inhibition of MPO, which is considered as a pro-oxidant actor in numerous chronic and acute inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Franck
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Justine Ceusters
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Hélène Graide
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
| | - Ange Mouithys-Mickalad
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Wong CY. Current advances of stem cell-based therapy for kidney diseases. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:914-933. [PMID: 34367484 PMCID: PMC8316868 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases are a prevalent health problem around the world. Multidrug therapy used in the current routine treatment for kidney diseases can only delay disease progression. None of these drugs or treatments can reverse the progression to an end-stage of the disease. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel therapeutics to improve patients’ quality of life and possibly cure, reverse, or alleviate the kidney disease. Stem cells have promising potentials as a form of regenerative medicine for kidney diseases due to their unlimited replication and their ability to differentiate into kidney cells in vitro. Mounting evidences from the administration of stem cells in an experimental kidney disease model suggested that stem cell-based therapy has therapeutic or renoprotective effects to attenuate kidney damage while improving the function and structure of both glomerular and tubular compartments. This review summarises the current stem cell-based therapeutic approaches to treat kidney diseases, including the various cell sources, animal models or in vitro studies. The challenges of progressing from proof-of-principle in the laboratory to widespread clinical application and the human clinical trial outcomes reported to date are also highlighted. The success of cell-based therapy could widen the scope of regenerative medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Yin Wong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Department, Cytopeutics, Cyberjaya 63000, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Zupan J, Strazar K, Kocijan R, Nau T, Grillari J, Marolt Presen D. Age-related alterations and senescence of mesenchymal stromal cells: Implications for regenerative treatments of bones and joints. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111539. [PMID: 34242668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The most common clinical manifestations of age-related musculoskeletal degeneration are osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, and these represent an enormous burden on modern society. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have pivotal roles in musculoskeletal tissue development. In adult organisms, MSCs retain their ability to regenerate tissues following bone fractures, articular cartilage injuries, and other traumatic injuries of connective tissue. However, their remarkable regenerative ability appears to be impaired through aging, and in particular in age-related diseases of bones and joints. Here, we review age-related alterations of MSCs in musculoskeletal tissues, and address the underlying mechanisms of aging and senescence of MSCs. Furthermore, we focus on the properties of MSCs in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, and how their changes contribute to onset and progression of these disorders. Finally, we consider current treatments that exploit the enormous potential of MSCs for tissue regeneration, as well as for innovative cell-free extracellular-vesicle-based and anti-aging treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Strazar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roland Kocijan
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Medical Faculty of Bone Diseases, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Nau
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Centre, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Building 14, Mohamed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences Dubai, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Centre, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Centre, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Comparative Study of Biological Characteristics, and Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Established from Camelus dromedarius Skeletal Muscle, Dermal Skin, and Adipose Tissues. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041017. [PMID: 33916532 PMCID: PMC8066892 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed in vitro mesoderm-lineage differentiation and self-renewal capacity. However, no comparative study was reported on the biological characteristics of stem cells derived from skeletal muscle (SM-MSCs), dermal skin (DS-MSCs), and adipose tissues (A-MSCs) from a single donor in camels. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of MSCs source on stem cell characteristics. We evaluated proliferation capacity and mesoderm-lineage differentiation potential from SM-MSCs, DS-MSCs, and A-MSCs. They showed spindle-like morphology after homogenization. The proliferation ability was not significantly difference in any of the groups. Furthermore, the portion of the cell cycle and expression of pluripotent markers (Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog) were similar in all cell lines at passage 3. The differentiation capacity of A-MSCs into adipocytes was significantly higher than that of SM-MSCs and DS-MSCs. However, the osteoblast differentiation capacity of A-MSCs was significantly lower than that of SM-MSCs and DS-MSCs. Additionally, after osteoblast differentiation, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium content significantly decreased in A-MSCs compared to SM-MSCs and DS-MSCs. To the best of our knowledge, we primarily established MSCs from the single camel and demonstrated their comparative characteristics, including expression of pluripotent factors and proliferation, and in vitro differentiation capacity into adipocytes and osteoblasts.
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17
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Dingle M, Fernicola SD, de Vasconcellos JF, Zicari S, Daniels C, Dunn JC, Dimtchev A, Nesti LJ. Characterization of traumatized muscle-derived multipotent progenitor cells from low-energy trauma. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:6. [PMID: 33407850 PMCID: PMC7788846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multipotent progenitor cells have been harvested from different human tissues, including the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Previously, we identified a population of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) isolated from the traumatized muscle of patients undergoing reconstructive surgery following a war-related blast injury. These cells demonstrated the ability to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages. While distal radius fractures from a civilian setting have a much lower injury mechanism (low-energy trauma), we hypothesized that debrided traumatized muscle near the fracture site would contain multipotent progenitor cells with the ability to differentiate and regenerate the injured tissue. Methods The traumatized muscle was debrided from the pronator quadratus in patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation for a distal radius fracture at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Using a previously described protocol for the isolation of MPCs from war-related extremity injuries, cells were harvested from the low-energy traumatized muscle samples and expanded in culture. Isolated cells were characterized by flow cytometry and q-RT-PCRs and induced to adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. Downstream analyses consisted of lineage-specific staining and q-RT-PCR. Results Cells isolated from low-energy traumatized muscle samples were CD73+, CD90+, and CD105+ that are the characteristic of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. These cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers OCT4 and NANOG 1-day after isolation, which was dramatically reduced over-time in monolayer culture. Following induction, lineage-specific markers were demonstrated by each specific staining and confirmed by gene expression analysis, demonstrating the ability of these cells to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Conclusions Adult multipotent progenitor cells are an essential component for the success of regenerative medicine efforts. While MPCs have been isolated and characterized from severely traumatized muscle from high-energy injuries, here, we report that cells with similar characteristics and multipotential capacity have been isolated from the tissue that was exposed to low-energy, community trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Dingle
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4801 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Stephen D Fernicola
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4801 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Jaira F de Vasconcellos
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Sonia Zicari
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Christopher Daniels
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4801 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - John C Dunn
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,William Beaumont Army Medical Center, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX, 79920, USA
| | - Alexander Dimtchev
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Leon J Nesti
- Clinical and Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4801 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
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18
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Priester C, MacDonald A, Dhar M, Bow A. Examining the Characteristics and Applications of Mesenchymal, Induced Pluripotent, and Embryonic Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering Approaches across the Germ Layers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E344. [PMID: 33114710 PMCID: PMC7692540 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine utilizes a wide array of technologies and techniques for repairing and restoring function to damaged tissues. Among these, stem cells offer one of the most potent and promising biological tools to facilitate such goals. Implementation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer varying advantages based on availability and efficacy in the target tissue. The focus of this review is to discuss characteristics of these three subset stem cell populations and examine their utility in tissue engineering. In particular, the development of therapeutics that utilize cell-based approaches, divided by germinal layer to further assess research targeting specific tissues of the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm. The combinatorial application of MSCs, iPSCs, and ESCs with natural and synthetic scaffold technologies can enhance the reparative capacity and survival of implanted cells. Continued efforts to generate more standardized approaches for these cells may provide improved study-to-study variations on implementation, thereby increasing the clinical translatability of cell-based therapeutics. Coupling clinically translatable research with commercially oriented methods offers the potential to drastically advance medical treatments for multiple diseases and injuries, improving the quality of life for many individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Priester
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37998, USA;
| | - Amber MacDonald
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (A.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Madhu Dhar
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (A.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Austin Bow
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (A.M.); (M.D.)
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19
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Silver Fir ( Abies alba L.) Polyphenolic Extract Shows Beneficial Influence on Chondrogenesis In Vitro under Normal and Inflammatory Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204616. [PMID: 33050554 PMCID: PMC7587205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several plant polyphenols have been shown to reduce osteoarthritis symptoms due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the effects of two different polyphenolic extracts (Belinal, Pycnogenol) and two different polyphenols (resveratrol, quercetin) on the chondrogenic potential of bone-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) from healthy donors and patients with osteoarthritis. Our main aim was to determine whether Belinal, a commercially available polyphenolic extract from silver fir (Abies alba L.) branches, has comparable chondrogenic potential with the other tested extract and the polyphenols under inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. In our study, Belinal promoted significantly greater chondrogenesis compared to the untreated (p = 0.0289) and resveratrol-treated (p = 0.0468) MSCs from patients with hip osteoarthritis under non-inflammatory conditions. Under inflammatory conditions, chondrogenesis was significantly enhanced for MSCs treated with Belinal compared to the control (p = 0.0483). The other extract and the polyphenols did not show any significant effects on chondrogenesis under non-inflammatory or inflammatory conditions. None of the tested extracts and polyphenols showed significant effects on chondrogenesis in healthy donors, under either non-inflammatory or inflammatory conditions. Our data show that Belinal can boost the chondrogenesis of MSCs derived from patients with osteoarthritis, under both non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions.
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20
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Iyer SR, Scheiber AL, Yarowsky P, Henn RF, Otsuru S, Lovering RM. Exosomes Isolated From Platelet-Rich Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Recovery of Function After Muscle Injury. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:2277-2286. [PMID: 32543878 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520926462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has gained momentum as treatment for muscle injuries. Exosomes, or small cell-derived vesicles, could be helpful if they could deliver the same or better physiological effect without cell transplantation into the muscle. HYPOTHESIS Local delivery of exosomes derived from PRP (PRP-exos) or MSCs (MSC-exos) to injured muscles hastens recovery of contractile function. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS In a rat model, platelets were isolated from blood, and MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and expanded in culture; exosomes from both were isolated through ultracentrifugation. The tibialis anterior muscles were injured in vivo using maximal lengthening contractions. Muscles were injected with PRP-exos or MSC-exos (immediately after injury and 5 and 10 days after injury); controls received an equal volume of saline. Histological and biochemical analysis was performed on tissues for all groups. RESULTS Injury resulted in a significant loss of maximal isometric torque (66% ± 3%) that gradually recovered over 2 weeks. Both PRP-exos and MSC-exos accelerated recovery, with similar faster recovery of contractile function over the saline-treated group at 5, 10, and 15 days after injury (P < .001). A significant increase in centrally nucleated fibers was seen with both types of exosome groups by day 15 (P < .01). Genes involved in skeletal muscle regeneration were modulated by different exosomes. Muscles treated with PRP-exos had increased expression of Myogenin gene (P < .05), whereas muscles treated with MSC-exos had reduced expression of TGF-β (P < .05) at 10 days after muscle injury. CONCLUSION Exosomes derived from PRP or MSCs can facilitate recovery after a muscle strain injury in a small-animal model likely because of factors that can modulate inflammation, fibrosis, and myogenesis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Given their small size, low immunogenicity, and ease with which they can be obtained, exosomes could represent a novel therapy for many orthopaedic ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama R Iyer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amanda L Scheiber
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul Yarowsky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R Frank Henn
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Satoru Otsuru
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard M Lovering
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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21
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Čamernik K, Mihelič A, Mihalič R, Haring G, Herman S, Marolt Presen D, Janež A, Trebše R, Marc J, Zupan J. Comprehensive analysis of skeletal muscle- and bone-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in patients with osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:146. [PMID: 32245507 PMCID: PMC7118858 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can replenish the aged cells of the musculoskeletal system in adult life. Stem cell exhaustion and decrease in their regenerative potential have been suggested to be hallmarks of aging. Here, we investigated whether muscle- and bone-derived MSCs of patients with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are affected by this exhaustion, compared to healthy donors. METHODS Patients with primary osteoarthritis, femoral neck fractures due to osteoporosis, and healthy donors (controls) were included. MSCs were isolated from the skeletal muscle and subchondral bone from each patient and compared using ex vivo and in vitro analyses, including immunophenotyping, colony-forming unit fibroblast assays, growth kinetics, cell senescence, multilineage potential, and MSC marker gene expression profiling. RESULTS Freshly isolated cells from muscle from patients with osteoarthritis showed a lower proportion of CD45/CD19/CD14/CD34-negative cells compared to patients with osteoporosis and healthy donors. Freshly isolated muscle cells from patients with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis also showed higher clonogenicity compared to healthy donors. MSCs from both tissues of osteoarthritis patients showed significantly reduced osteogenesis and MSCs from the bone also reduced adipogenesis. Chondrogenic pellet diameter was reduced in bone-derived MSCs from both patient groups compared to healthy donors. A significant positive correlation was observed between adipogenesis and CD271 expression in muscle-derived MSCs. CD73 was significantly lower in bone-derived MSCs from osteoarthritis patients, compared to osteoporosis patients. Gene expression profiling showed significantly lower expression of MSC marker gene leptin receptor, LEPR, previously identified as the major source of the bone and adipocytes in the adult bone marrow, in bone-derived MSCs from patients with osteoarthritis in comparison with osteoporotic patients and healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS Our results show deficient ex vivo and in vitro properties of both skeletal muscle- and bone-derived MSCs in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis patients, compared to healthy donors. In bone-derived MSCs from patients with osteoarthritis, we also identified a lower expression of the leptin receptor, a marker of MSCs that present a major source of MSCs in the adult bone marrow. This suggests that exhaustion of skeletal muscle- and bone-derived MSCs is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, which defines the need for further clinical trials of stem cell transplantation in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemen Čamernik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anže Mihelič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Rene Mihalič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Haring
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Korytkova 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Herman
- Clinical Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Zaloska cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, A-1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rihard Trebše
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Janja Marc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Zupan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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22
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Li Y, Liu Z, Tang Y, Feng W, Zhao C, Liao J, Zhang C, Chen H, Ren Y, Dong S, Liu Y, Hu N, Huang W. Schnurri-3 regulates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells through Runx2 and VEGF. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 31996667 PMCID: PMC6989499 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) are multiple potent progenitor cells (MPCs) that can differentiate into different lineages (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells) and have a favorable capacity for angiogenesis. Schnurri-3 (Shn3) is a large zinc finger protein related to Drosophila Shn, which is a critical mediator of postnatal bone formation. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), one of the most potent osteogenic BMPs, can strongly upregulate various osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related factors in MSCs. It remains unclear how Shn3 is involved in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation coupled with angiogenesis in hAMSCs. In this investigation, we conducted a comprehensive study to identify the effect of Shn3 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs and analyze the responsible signaling pathway. The results from in vitro and in vivo experimentation show that Shn3 notably inhibits BMP9-induced early and late osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, expression of osteogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous ectopic bone formation from hAMSCs in nude mice. Shn3 also inhibited BMP9-induced angiogenic differentiation, expression of angiogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous vascular invasion in mice. Mechanistically, we found that Shn3 prominently inhibited the expression of BMP9 and activation of the BMP/Smad and BMP/MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, we further found activity on runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the target genes shared by BMP and Shn3 signaling pathways. Silencing Shn3 could dramatically enhance the expression of Runx2, which directly regulates the downstream target VEGF to couple osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis. To summarize, our findings suggested that Shn3 significantly inhibited the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs. The effect of Shn3 was primarily seen through inhibition of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway and depressed expression of Runx2, which directly regulates VEGF, which couples BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine of China, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Youliang Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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23
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Tissues from Post-Mortem Donors as Alternative Sources of Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1288:33-46. [PMID: 32036570 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells provide for all of the tissues in our body during embryogenesis. In adult organisms, they can be found as rare populations of tissue-specific stem cells in quiescent states, although they can still regenerate damaged tissues. Astonishingly, these cells are retained in tissues even post-mortem. There have been several reports that have provided evidence that cells with stem-like capabilities can be isolated, expanded, and differentiated in vitro from various tissues several hours, or even several days, post-mortem. Moreover, some post-mortem-tissue-derived stem cells can successfully engraft and regenerate injured host tissues. Here, we review in-vitro and in-vivo studies that provide evidence of isolation and characterization of stem cells from different tissues post-mortem, with a focus on the musculoskeletal and neural systems. Finally, we discuss their potential for use in regenerative medicine, and what needs to be done in further research toward their better exploitation.
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24
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Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph N, Sivanathan KN, Nitschke J, Zhou XF, Coates PT, Drogemuller CJ. An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:293. [PMID: 31547868 PMCID: PMC6757413 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine provides enormous opportunities for generating beta cells from different stem cell sources for cellular therapy. Even though insulin-secreting cells can be generated from a variety of stem cell types like pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, the ideal functional cells should be generated from patients' own cells and expanded to considerable levels by non-integrative culture techniques. In terms of the ease of isolation, plasticity, and clinical translation to generate autologous cells, mesenchymal stem cell stands superior. Furthermore, small molecules offer a great advantage in terms of generating functional beta cells from stem cells. Research suggests that most of the mesenchymal stem cell-based protocols to generate pancreatic beta cells have small molecules in their cocktail. However, most of the protocols generate cells that mimic the characteristics of human beta cells, thereby generating "beta cell-like cells" as opposed to mature beta cells. Diabetic therapy becomes feasible only when there are robust, functional, and safe cells for replacing the damaged or lost beta cells. In this review, we discuss the current protocols used to generate beta cells from mesenchymal cells, with emphasis on small molecule-mediated conversion into insulin-producing beta cell-like cells. Our data and the data presented from the references within this review would suggest that although mesenchymal stem cells are an attractive cell type for cell therapy they are not readily converted into functional mature beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Kisha N Sivanathan
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jodie Nitschke
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Patrick T Coates
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Christopher John Drogemuller
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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