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Juan X, Jiali H, Ziqi L, Liqing Z, Han Z. Development and validation of nomogram models for predicting postoperative prognosis of early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 49:101079. [PMID: 38492281 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the postoperative prognosis in patients with early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in association with the preoperative blood markers and clinicopathological characteristics and to develop nomograms for individual risk prediction. METHODS The clinical data of 353 patients with confirmed early-stage LSCC between 2009 and 2018 were retrospectively retrieved from the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University. All patients were randomly divided into the training and testing groups in a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, followed by the construction of nomograms to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Finally, the nomograms were verified internally, and the predictive capability of the nomograms was evaluated and compared with that of tumour T staging. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses identified platelet counts (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were independent factors for RFS, and FIB, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and haemoglobin (HGB) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The nomograms showed higher predictive C-indexes than T staging. Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed that the net benefit of the nomograms' calculation model was superior to that of T staging. CONCLUSIONS We established and validated nomograms to predict postoperative 1-, 3- and 5-year RFS and OS in patients with early-stage LSCC based on significant blood markers and clinicopathological characteristics. These models might help clinicians make personalized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Juan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Jiali
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Ziqi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhang Liqing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhou Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Ren JY, Wang D, Zhu LH, Liu S, Yu M, Cai H. Combining systemic inflammatory response index and albumin fibrinogen ratio to predict early serious complications and prognosis after resectable gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:732-749. [PMID: 38577468 PMCID: PMC10989372 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer has a high incidence and fatality rate, and surgery is the preferred course of treatment. Nonetheless, patient survival rates are still low, and the incidence of major postoperative complications cannot be disregarded. The systemic inflammatory response, nutritional level, and coagulation status are key factors affecting the postoperative recovery and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and the albumin fibrinogen ratio (AFR) are two valuable comprehensive indicators of the severity and prognosis of systemic inflammation in various medical conditions. AIM To assess the clinical importance and prognostic significance of the SIRI scores and the AFR on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant laboratory indices of 568 gastric cancer patients from January 2018 to December 2019. We calculated and compared two indicators of inflammation and then examined the diagnostic ability of combined SIRI and AFR values for serious early postoperative complications. We scored the patients and categorized them into three groups based on their SIRI and AFR levels. COX analysis was used to compare the three groups of patients the prognostic value of various preoperative SIRI-AFR scores for 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS SIRI-AFR scores were an independent risk factor for prognosis [OS: P = 0.004; hazards ratio (HR) = 3.134; DFS: P < 0.001; HR = 3.543] and had the highest diagnostic power (area under the curve: 0.779; 95% confidence interval: 0.737-0.820) for early serious complications in patients with gastric cancer. The tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.001), perioperative transfusion (P = 0.044), positive carcinoembryonic antigen (P = 0.014) findings, and major postoperative complications (P = 0.011) were factors associated with prognosis. CONCLUSION Preoperative SIRI and AFR values were significantly associated with early postoperative survival and the occurrence of severe complications in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yao Ren
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Da Wang
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Medical College of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Hui Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Miao Yu
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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Zhang J, Dong W, Liu W, Fu J, Liao T, Li Y, Huo L, Jia N. Preoperative evaluation of MRI features and inflammatory biomarkers in predicting microvascular invasion of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:710-721. [PMID: 38112787 PMCID: PMC10909765 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant prognostic factor in combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA). However, its diagnosis relies on postoperative histopathologic analysis. This study aims to identify preoperative inflammatory biomarkers and MR-imaging features that can predict MVI in cHCC-CCA. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 119 patients with histopathologically confirmed cHCC-CCA between January 2016 and December 2021. Two radiologists, unaware of the clinical data, independently reviewed all MR image features. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine the independent predictors for MVI among inflammatory biomarkers and MRI characteristics. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance. RESULTS Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified four variables significantly associated with MVI (p < 0.05), including two inflammatory biomarkers [albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) and aspartate aminotransferase-to-neutrophil ratio index (ANRI)] and two MRI features (non-smooth tumor margin and arterial phase peritumoral enhancement). A combined model for predicting MVI was constructed based on these four variables, with an AUC of 0.802 (95% CI 0.719-0.870). The diagnostic efficiency of the combined model was higher than that of the imaging model. CONCLUSION Inflammatory biomarkers and MRI features could be potential predictors for MVI in cHCC-CCA. The combined model, derived from inflammatory biomarkers and MRI features, showed good performance in preoperatively predicting MVI in cHCC-CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanmin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiazhao Fu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Liao
- Department of Ultrasound, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yinqiao Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Radiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ningyang Jia
- Department of Radiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Ma JY, Xia TJ, Li S, Yin S, Luo SM, Li G. Germline cell de novo mutations and potential effects of inflammation on germline cell genome stability. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:316-327. [PMID: 36376195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled pathogenic genome mutations in germline cells might impair adult fertility, lead to birth defects or even affect the adaptability of a species. Understanding the sources of DNA damage, as well as the features of damage response in germline cells are the overarching tasks to reduce the mutations in germline cells. With the accumulation of human genome data and genetic reports, genome variants formed in germline cells are being extensively explored. However, the sources of DNA damage, the damage repair mechanisms, and the effects of DNA damage or mutations on the development of germline cells are still unclear. Besides exogenous triggers of DNA damage such as irradiation and genotoxic chemicals, endogenous exposure to inflammation may also contribute to the genome instability of germline cells. In this review, we summarized the features of de novo mutations and the specific DNA damage responses in germline cells and explored the possible roles of inflammation on the genome stability of germline cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Ma
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tian-Jin Xia
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Luo
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guowei Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
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Yu C, Yin X, Li A, Li R, Yu H, Xing R, Liu S, Li P. Toxin metalloproteinases exert a dominant influence on pro-inflammatory response and anti-inflammatory regulation in jellyfish sting dermatitis. J Proteomics 2024; 292:105048. [PMID: 37981009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Toxin metalloproteinases are the primary components responsible for various toxicities in jellyfish venom, and there is still no effective specific therapy for jellyfish stings. The comprehension of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying toxin metalloproteinases necessitates further refinement. In this study, we conducted a differential analysis of a dermatitis mouse model induced by jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai venom (NnNV) samples with varying levels of metalloproteinase activity. Through skin tissue proteomics and serum metabolomics, the predominant influence of toxin metalloproteinase activity on inflammatory response was revealed, and the signal pathway involved in its regulation was identified. In skin tissues, many membrane proteins were significantly down-regulated, which might cause tissue damage. The expression of pro-inflammatory factors was mainly regulated by PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In serum, many fatty acid metabolites were significantly down-regulated, which might be the anti-inflammation feedback regulated by NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. These results reveal the dermatitis mechanism of toxin metalloproteinases and provide new therapeutic targets for further studies. SIGNIFICANCE: Omics is an important method to analyze the pathological mechanism and discover the key markers, which can reveal the pathological characteristics of jellyfish stings. Our research first analyzed the impact of toxin metalloproteinases on jellyfish sting dermatitis by skin proteomics and serum metabolomics. The present results suggest that inhibition of toxin metalloproteinases may be an effective treatment strategy, and provide new references for further jellyfish sting studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiujing Yin
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aoyu Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rongfeng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Qin S, Sun S, Wang Y, Li C, Fu L, Wu M, Yan J, Li W, Lv J, Chen L. Immune, metabolic landscapes of prognostic signatures for lung adenocarcinoma based on a novel deep learning framework. Sci Rep 2024; 14:527. [PMID: 38177198 PMCID: PMC10767103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a malignant tumor with high lethality, and the aim of this study was to identify promising biomarkers for LUAD. Using the TCGA-LUAD dataset as a discovery cohort, a novel joint framework VAEjMLP based on variational autoencoder (VAE) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) was proposed. And the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method was introduced to evaluate the contribution of feature genes to the classification decision, which helped us to develop a biologically meaningful biomarker potential scoring algorithm. Nineteen potential biomarkers for LUAD were identified, which were involved in the regulation of immune and metabolic functions in LUAD. A prognostic risk model for LUAD was constructed by the biomarkers HLA-DRB1, SCGB1A1, and HLA-DRB5 screened by Cox regression analysis, dividing the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The prognostic risk model was validated with external datasets. The low-risk group was characterized by enrichment of immune pathways and higher immune infiltration compared to the high-risk group. While, the high-risk group was accompanied by an increase in metabolic pathway activity. There were significant differences between the high- and low-risk groups in metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis, amino acids, and lipids, as well as in angiogenic activity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumorigenic cytokines, and inflammatory response. Furthermore, high-risk patients were more sensitive to Afatinib, Gefitinib, and Gemcitabine as predicted by the pRRophetic algorithm. This study provides prognostic signatures capable of revealing the immune and metabolic landscapes for LUAD, and may shed light on the identification of other cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Qin
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Shibin Sun
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Jinxing Yan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Wan Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Junjie Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Lina Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Wang R, Wang C, Lu L, Yuan F, He F. Baicalin and baicalein in modulating tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review with future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107032. [PMID: 38061594 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The burden of cancer incidence and mortality is increasing rapidly. New approaches to cancer prevention and treatment are urgently needed. Natural products are reliable and powerful sources for anticancer drug discovery. Baicalin and baicalein, two major flavones isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a multi-purpose traditional medicinal plant in China, exhibit anticancer activities against multiple cancers. Of note, these phytochemicals exhibit extremely low toxicity to normal cells. Besides their cytotoxic and cytostatic activities toward diverse tumor cells, recent studies demonstrated that baicalin and baicalein modulate a variety of tumor stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is essential for tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic potential and the mechanism of action of baicalin and baicalein in the regulation of tumor microenvironmental immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and ECM that reshape the TME and cancer signaling, leading to inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis. In addition, we discuss the biotransformation pathways of baicalin and baicalein, related therapeutic challenges and the future research directions to improve their bioavailability and clinical anticancer applications. Recent advances of baicalin and baicalein warrant their continued study as important natural ways for cancer interception and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianheng Lu
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fuwen Yuan
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Feng He
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Li H, Zhang M, He J, Liu J, Sun X, Ni P. A CD326 monoclonal antibody modified core cross-linked curcumin-polyphosphoester prodrug for targeted delivery and cancer treatment. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9467-9477. [PMID: 37782068 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01703f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive cross-linked micelles (SCMs) are ideal nanocarriers for anti-cancer drugs. Compared with non-cross-linked micelles, SCMs exhibit superior structural stability. At the same time, the introduction of an environmentally sensitive crosslinker into a drug delivery system allows SCMs to respond to single or multiple stimuli in the tumor microenvironment, which can minimize drug leakage during the blood circulation process. In this study, curcumin (CUR) was modified as the hydrophobic core crosslinker by utilizing the bisphenol structure, and redox sensitive disulfide bonds were introduced to prepare the glutathione (GSH) stimulated responsive core crosslinker (abbreviated as N3-ss-CUR-ss-N3). In addition, amphiphilic polymer APEG-b-PBYP was prepared through the ring opening reaction, and reacted with the crosslinker through the "click" reaction. After being dispersed in the aqueous phase, core cross-linked nanoparticles (CCL NPs) were obtained. Finally, monoclonal antibody CD326 (mAb-CD326) was reduced and coupled to the hydrophilic chain ends to obtain the nanoparticles with surface modified antibodies (R-mAb-CD326@CCL NPs) for further enhancing targeted drug delivery. The structures of the polymer and crosslinker were characterized by 1H NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR, and GPC. The morphology, size and stability of CCL NPs and R-mAb-CD326@CCL NPs were investigated by DLS and TEM. The in vitro drug release behavior of CCL NPs was also studied. The results showed that the CCL NPs exhibited reduction-responsiveness and were able to release the original drug CUR under 10 mM GSH conditions. Additionally, the CCL NPs exhibited excellent stability in both the simulated body fluid environment and organic solvents. Especially, R-mAb-CD326@CCL NPs can actively target tumor cells and showed better therapeutic efficacy in in vivo experiments with a tumor suppression rate of 78.7%. This work provides a new idea for the design of nano-drugs targeting breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Mingzu Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jinlin He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xingwei Sun
- Intervention Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Peihong Ni
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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9
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Zhou S, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Liang W, Ruan J, Lin L, Lin H, Huang K. Cancer-specific survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma after radical surgery: a Novel, dynamic nomogram based on clinicopathological features and serum markers. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:533. [PMID: 37308861 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to (1) identify preoperative testing-based characteristics associated with enhanced prognosis and survival for cholangiocarcinoma patients, and (2)create a distinctive nomogram to anticipate each patient's cancer-specific survival (CSS). METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed on 197 CCA patients who underwent radical surgery at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital; they were divided into a 131-person "training cohort" and a 66-person "internal validation cohort." The prognostic nomogram was created following a preliminary Cox proportional hazard regression search for independent factors influencing the patients' CSS. Its applicable domain was examined via an external validation cohort, which included 235 patients from the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. RESULTS The median follow-up period for the 131 patients in the training group was 49.3 months (range, 9.3 to 133.9 months). One-, three-, and five-year CSS rates were 68.7%, 24.5%, and 9.2%, respectively, with the median CSS length being 27.4 months (range: 1.4 to 125.2 months). PLT, CEA, AFP, tumor location, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, chemotherapy, and TNM stage were determined to be independent risk factors for CCA patients by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. We were able to accurately predict postoperative CSS after incorporating all of these characteristics into a nomogram. The AJCC's 8th edition staging method's C-indices were statistically substantially (P < 0.001) lower than the nomogram's C-indices (0.84, 0.77, and 0.74 in the training, internal and external validation cohorts respectively). CONCLUSIONS A realistic and useful model for clinical decision-making and the optimization of therapy is presented as a nomogram that includes serum markers and clinicopathologic features for predicting postoperative survival in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yanzong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, No.903 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Weiling Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianmin Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lijun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Haoming Lin
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, The 107th of Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Song B, Wang W, Tang X, Goh RMWJ, Thuya WL, Ho PCL, Chen L, Wang L. Inhibitory Potential of Resveratrol in Cancer Metastasis: From Biology to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2758. [PMID: 37345095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, and most existing drugs are designed to inhibit tumor growth but are often ineffective in treating metastatic cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, berries, and peanuts, has shown potential in preclinical studies as an anticancer agent to suppress metastasis. However, despite positive results in preclinical studies, little progress has been made in clinical trials. To develop resveratrol as an effective anticancer agent, it is crucial to understand its cellular processes and signaling pathways in tumor metastasis. This review article evaluates the current state and future development strategies of resveratrol to enhance its potency against cancer metastasis within its therapeutic dose. In addition, we critically evaluate the animal models used in preclinical studies for cancer metastasis and discuss novel techniques to accelerate the translation of resveratrol from bench to bedside. The appropriate selection of animal models is vital in determining whether resveratrol can be further developed as an antimetastatic drug in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Robby Miguel Wen-Jing Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Win Lwin Thuya
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Paul Chi Lui Ho
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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11
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Duan X, Yang B, Zhao C, Tie B, Cao L, Gao Y. Prognostic value of preoperative hematological markers in patients with glioblastoma multiforme and construction of random survival forest model. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:432. [PMID: 37173662 PMCID: PMC10176909 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, an increasing number of studies have revealed that patients' preoperative inflammatory response, coagulation function, and nutritional status are all linked to the occurrence, development, angiogenesis, and metastasis of various malignant tumors. The goal of this study is to determine the relationship between preoperative peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet to fibrinogen ratio (FPR). Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients, as well as establish a forest prediction model that includes preoperative hematological markers to predict the individual GBM patient's 3-year survival status after treatment. METHODS The clinical and hematological data of 281 GBM patients were analyzed retrospectively; overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint. X-Tile software was used to determine the best cut-off values for NLR, SII, and PLR, and the survival analysis was carried out by the Kaplan-Meier method as well as univariate and multivariate COX regression. Afterward, we created a random forest model that predicts the individual GBM patient's 3-year survival status after treatment, and the area under the curve (AUC) is used to validate the model's effectiveness. RESULTS The best cut-off values for NLR, SII, and PLR in GBM patients' preoperative peripheral blood were 2.12, 537.50, and 93.5 respectively. The Kaplan-Meier method revealed that preoperative GBM patients with high SII, high NLR, and high PLR had shorter overall survival, and the difference was statistically significant. In addition to clinical and pathological factors. Univariate Cox showed NLR (HR = 1.456, 95% CI: 1.286 ~ 1.649, P < 0.001) MLR (HR = 1.272, 95% CI: 1.120 ~ 1.649, P < 0.001), FPR (HR = 1.183,95% CI: 1.049 ~ 1.333, P < 0.001), SII (HR = 0.218,95% CI: 1.645 ~ 2.127, P < 0.001) is related to the prognosis and overall survival of GBM. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression showed that SII (HR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.430 ~ 1.884, P < 0.001) is also related to the overall survival of patients with GBM. In the random forest prognostic model with preoperative hematologic markers, the AUC in the test set and the validation set was 0.907 and 0.900, respectively. CONCLUSION High levels of NLR, MLR, PLR, FPR, and SII before surgery are prognostic risk factors for GBM patients. A high preoperative SII level is an independent risk factor for GBM prognosis. The random forest model that includes preoperative hematological markers has the potential to predict the individual GBM patient's 3-year survival status after treatment,and assist the clinicians for making a good clinical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozong Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Chengbin Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Boran Tie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuyuan Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang Y, Long L, Zhuo L, Zhang H, Luo T, Deng J, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang Z, Peng X. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1-styrenyl isoquinoline derivatives for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity and effect on mitochondria. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115420. [PMID: 37182331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 18 derivatives of 1-styrene-isoquinoline were designed and synthesized from resveratrol and isoquinoline. The IC50 of compound 1c against Huh7 and SK-Hep-1 cells were 2.52 μM and 4.20 μM, respectively. Mice were treated with 650 mg/kg compound 1c, and the survival status of mice was good. Further studies showed that compound 1c could inhibit cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, induce cell apoptosis, and inhibit cell migration and invasion by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It is worth noting that numbers of studies have pointed that resveratrol can trigger mitochondrial apoptosis to induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of compound 1c induced apoptosis of Huh7 and SK-Hep-1 cells. The results indicated that compound 1c could regulate the expression of proteins which are related to mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and inhibit the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, compound 1c could inhibit the growth of Huh7-xenografts, and perform a tumor inhibitory rate of 41.44% when administered 30 mg/kg once a day. This work provides a potential anti-hepatocellular carcinoma compound that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Lin Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Linsheng Zhuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Postdoctoral Station for Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Tian Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jiedan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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13
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Errani C, Traversari M, Cosentino M, Manfrini M, Basoli S, Tsukamoto S, Mavrogenis AF, Bordini B, Donati DM. The Prognostic Value of the Serum Level of C-Reactive Protein for Survival of Children with Ewing's Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051573. [PMID: 36900365 PMCID: PMC10000755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with Ewing's sarcoma. We conducted a retrospective study on 151 children undergoing multimodal treatment for Ewing's sarcoma in the appendicular skeleton from December 1997 to June 2020. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analyses of laboratory biomarkers and clinical parameters showed that CRP and metastatic disease at presentation were poor prognostic factors associated with overall survival and disease recurrence at 5 years (p < 0.05). A multivariate Cox regression model showed that pathological CRP (≥1.0 mg/dL) [HR of 3.67; 95% CI, 1.46 to 10.42] and metastatic disease [HR of 4.27; 95% CI, 1.58 to 11.47] were associated with a higher risk of death at 5 years (p < 0.05). In addition, pathological CRP (≥1.0 mg/dL) [HR of 2.66; 95% CI, 1.23 to 6.01] and metastatic disease [HR of 2.56; 95% CI, 1.13 to 5.55] were associated with a higher risk of disease recurrence at 5 years (p < 0.05). Our findings demonstrated that CRP was associated with the prognosis of children with Ewing's sarcoma. We recommend pre-treatment measurement of the CRP in order to recognize children with Ewing's sarcoma who are at greater risk of death or local recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Errani
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Traversari
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Cosentino
- Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Manfrini
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Basoli
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Shinji Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840, Shijo-cho, Kashihara-city 634-8521, Japan
| | - Andreas F. Mavrogenis
- First Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ventouri Street, Holargos, 15562 Athens, Greece
| | - Barbara Bordini
- Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica III a Prevalente Indirizzo Oncologico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Zhu L, Yu X, Cao T, Deng H, Tang X, Lin Q, Zhou Q. Immune cell membrane-based biomimetic nanomedicine for treating cancer metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
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15
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Liu Y, Sheng L, Hua H, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Wang B. An Externally Validated Nomogram for Predicting the Overall Survival of Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Clinical Characteristics and Systemic Inflammatory Markers. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231180785. [PMID: 37551117 PMCID: PMC10408319 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231180785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic inflammatory indicators are clinically significant in guiding diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) prognosis. However, which inflammatory markers are the best predictors of DLBCL prognosis is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to create a nomogram based on the best inflammatory markers and clinical indicators to predict the overall survival of patients with DLBCL. Patients and methods: We analyzed data from 423 DLBCL patients from two institutions and divided them into a training set, an internal validation set, and an external validation set (n = 228, 97, and 98, respectively). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression analysis were used to develop nomograms. We assessed model fit using the Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the nomogram's predictive performance and clinical net benefit and compared with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)-IPI. Results: The inclusion variables for the nomogram model were age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, lactate dehydrogenase level, the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and β-2 microglobulin (β-2 MG) level. In the training cohort, the nomogram showed better goodness of fit than the IPI and NCCN-IPI. The C-index of the nomogram (0.804, 95% CI: 0.751-0.857) outperformed the IPI (0.690, 95% CI: 0.629-0.751) and NCCN-IPI (0.691, 95% CI: 0.632-0.750). The calibration curve, ROC curve, and DCA curve analysis showed that the nomogram has satisfactory predictive power and clinical utility. Similar results were found in the validation cohort. Conclusion: The nomogram integrated with the clinical characteristics and inflammatory markers is beneficial to predict the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajiao Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haiying Hua
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingfen Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Institute of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Wang M, Liang Y, Liao F, Younis MR, Zheng Y, Zhao X, Yu X, Guo W, Zhang DY. Iridium Tungstate Nanozyme-Mediated Hypoxic Regulation and Anti-inflammation for Duplex Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy of Metastatic Breast Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56471-56482. [PMID: 36519432 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis of breast cancer is key to poor prognosis and high mortality. However, the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory response induced by photothermal therapy (PTT) further aggravate tumor metastasis. Meanwhile, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment promotes tumor cells to metastasize to distant organs. Herein, the intrinsic limitations of PTT for metastatic tumor have been addressed by fabricating polyethylene glycol modified iridium tungstate (IrWOx-PEG) nanoparticles. The as-designed IrWOx-PEG nanoparticles displayed good photothermal (PT) conversion ability for duplex photoacoustic/PT imaging guided PTT and multienzyme mimetic feature for broad-spectrum ROS scavenging. On the one hand, IrWOx-PEG effectively removed excess ROS generated during PTT and reduced inflammation. On the other hand, owing to the catalase-like activity, it preferentially triggered the catalytic production of oxygen by decomposing ROS, leading to relieving of the hypoxic microenvironment. Hence, under bimodal imaging guidance, IrWOx-PEG induced PTT completely eliminated in situ breast cancer in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with no observable system toxicity, as well as further restricting tumor metastasis to other vital organs (lungs) by ROS scavenging, anti-inflammation, and regulating hypoxic microenvironment. We anticipate that this work will lead to new treatment strategies for other metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yuqin Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Fangling Liao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Younis
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Shi Y, Gu L, Zhang X, Chen M. Traditional Chinese medicine mediated tumor suppression via regulating psychological factors. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2022.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Tu X, Yang J, Zheng Y, Liang C, Tao Q, Tang X, Liu Z, Jiang L, He Z, Xie F, Zheng Y. Immunotherapy combination with regorafenib for refractory hepatocellular carcinoma: A real-world study. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang J, Wang J, Li Y, Han Q, Wang Y, Liu H, Bao J. Organic Selenium Alleviates Ammonia-Mediated Abnormal Autophagy by Regulating Inflammatory Pathways and the Keap1/Nrf2 Axis in the Hypothalamus of Finishing Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03452-8. [PMID: 36284052 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia is a significant pollutant in the livestock houses and the atmospheric environment, and excessive ammonia would harm the health of livestock and breeders. Previous studies have shown that ammonia exposure could damage the tissue structure of the nervous system, but the molecular mechanism of ammonia-induced hypothalamus damage was still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of excessive ammonia in abnormal autophagy of pig hypothalamus and whether selenomethionine would have a mitigating effect on ammonia toxicity. Twenty-four 18-week pigs were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (C group), the selenium group (Se group), the ammonia + selenium group (A + Se group), and the ammonia group (A group). In our study, the expression levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, IKK-α, p-IKK-α, Nrf2, ATG5, ATG 10, ATG 12, LC3 I/II, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were increased after ammonia exposure; meanwhile, IFN-γ, IKB-α, p-IKB-α, Keap1, P62, mTOR, AKT, p-AKT, PI3K, SQSTM, and Beclin1 showed decreasing trends. The results indicated that excessive ammonia inhalation inhibited the AKT/mTOR pathway to acclerated autophagy through oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the porcine hypothalamus. L-selenomethionine could alleviate hypothalamus injury induced by ammonia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutao Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Prognostic Value of Combination of Controlling Nutritional Status and Tumor Marker in Patients with Radical Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4764609. [PMID: 36193507 PMCID: PMC9525734 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4764609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Controlling nutritional status (CONUT) and tumor markers are associated with prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study is aimed at exploring the potential usefulness of T-CONUT, constructed by combining CONUT and tumor markers, for NSCLC patients undergoing radical surgery. Methods A total of 483 patients with NSCLC underwent radical surgical resection. The receiver characteristic operating curve (ROC) was used to select the tumor marker with the highest predictive performance, and CONUT was combined with this marker to construct the T-CONUT. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze the overall survival (OS), and chi-square analysis was used to analyze the association between T-CONUT and clinicopathological characteristics. The independent risk factors were analyzed by Cox regression. A nomogram was constructed by R studio. Calibration plots, the c-index, and decision curves were evaluated for the performance of the nomogram. Results ROC analysis showed that the predictive performance of CYFRA21–1 was better than that of CEA, NSE, and SCC. CYFRA21–1 was selected for combining with CONUT to construct T-CONUT. Elevated T-CONUT indicates poor prognosis of patients. Histological type, pTNM, and T-CONUT are independent risk factors associated with patient prognosis. The areas under the curve of the nomogram for predicting 3- and 5-year OS were 0.760 and 0.761, respectively. Conclusion T-CONUT comprising CYFRA21–1 and CONUT can effectively predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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Zheng Z, Guan R, Zou Y, Jian Z, Lin Y, Guo R, Jin H. Nomogram Based on Inflammatory Biomarkers to Predict the Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Multicentre Experience. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5089-5102. [PMID: 36091335 PMCID: PMC9462520 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s378099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to identify inflammatory biomarkers and develop a prediction model to stratify high-risk patients for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) recurrence after curative resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 583 eligible HBV-HCC patients with curative hepatectomy from Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (GDPH) and Sun Ya-sen University Cancer Centre (SYSUCC) were enrolled in our study. Cox proportional hazards regression was utilized to evaluate potential risk factors for disease-free survival (RFS). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was utilized to assess the discrimination performance. Calibration plots and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to evaluate the calibration of the nomogram and the net benefit, respectively. RESULTS Based on the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), aspartate aminotransferase to neutrophil ratio index (ANRI), China Liver Cancer (CNLC) stage and microvascular invasion, a satisfactory nomogram was developed. The AUC of our nomogram for predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year RFS was 0.767, 0.726, and 0.708 in the training cohort and 0.761, 0.716, and 0.715 in the validation cohort, respectively. Furthermore, our model demonstrated excellent stratification as well as clinical applicability. CONCLUSION The novel nomogram showed a higher prognostic power for the RFS of HCC patients with curative hepatectomy than the CNLC, AJCC 8th edition and BCLC staging systems and may help oncologists identify high-risk HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Zheng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renguo Guan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiping Zou
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Liang W, Chen W, Wei J, Yao H, Shi J, Hou X, Deng Y, Ou M. Zinc finger C3H1-type containing serves as a novel prognostic biomarker in human pan-cancer. Gene X 2022; 820:146251. [PMID: 35131366 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc finger C3H1 domain-containing protein (ZFC3H1) is differentially expressed between primary tumor and the normal in most cancers. Additionally, a recent study has suggested that ZFC3H1 could serve as a novel marker for the prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). However, the relationship between ZFC3H1 expression and the prognostic values in most tumors remains unclear. Our study is mainly for exploring the prognosis of ZFC3H1 in pan-cancer and for further discovering a potential therapeutics target. METHODS Based on the clinical big data, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of ZFC3H1, including gene expression, survival prognosis, genetic alteration, protein phosphorylation, immune infiltration and enrichment analysis. In addition, Real-Time PCR and Western Blot were used to further confirm the role of ZFC3H1 in the colorectal cancer. RESULTS We found that ZFC3H1 expression was connected with the prognosis of multiple malignant tumors. Furthermore, we also observed that ZFC3H1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer through Real-Time PCR and Western Blot. The primary tumors presented higher phosphorylation level of the S655 site in lung adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. ZFC3H1 expression was positively correlated with the immune infiltration of Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in some tumors, such as liver hepatocellular carcinoma. And RNA surveillance pathways may be closely associated with the occurrence of tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our study first reveals that ZFC3H1 could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker of pan-cancer, especially colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenken Liang
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Jianfen Wei
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Hongbing Yao
- Biliary Hepatopancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Jianling Shi
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Xianliang Hou
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Yecheng Deng
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541000, China.
| | - Minglin Ou
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China.
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23
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Li Z, Liang L, Duan W, Zhou C, Yang JJ. Non-linear relationship of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte count ratio with the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma with staging I-II: a retrospective cohort study. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:16. [PMID: 35395799 PMCID: PMC8991940 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High recurrence rate was a major factor for the poor postoperative prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The present study was intended to evaluate the association of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte count ratio (GLR) and the recurrence of HCC with staging I–II in Chinese. Methods The retrospective cohort data was derived from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to December 2018 on 496 patients who underwent radical resection of HCC with staging I–II. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to determine hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the recurrence of HCC with staging I–II of each GLR tertile category. The restricted cubic spline model was used to find out the threshold effect. Results With the low tertile of GLR as the reference, multivariable-adjusted HR and 95% CI of the middle and high tertile categories were 1.748 (1.170–2.612) and 2.078 (1.339–3.227). In addition, there was a positive correlation (HR 1.002; 95% CI 1.001–1.004) and a non-liner relationship was found, whose point was 27.5. When the GLR was less than 27.5, the risk of recurrence increased, obviously with the increase in GLR levels (HR 1.041; 95% CI 1.014–1.068). Conclusions The GLR was independently associated with the recurrence of HCC patients with staging I–II. Furthermore, the relationship was positive and no-linear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Lili Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Wen Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Chengmao Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Ning WR, Jiang D, Liu XC, Huang YF, Peng ZP, Jiang ZZ, Kang T, Zhuang SM, Wu Y, Zheng L. Carbonic anhydrase XII mediates the survival and prometastatic functions of macrophages in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:153110. [PMID: 35362480 PMCID: PMC8970669 DOI: 10.1172/jci153110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages constitute a major immune component in tumor tissues, but how these cells adapt to and survive in the nutrient-depleted and lactic acid–induced acidic tumor microenvironments is not yet fully understood. Here, we found that levels of carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12) expression were significantly and selectively upregulated on macrophages in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transient glycolytic activation of peritumoral monocytes induced sustained expression of CA12 on tumor-infiltrating macrophages via autocrine cytokines and HIF1α pathways. On the one hand, CA12 mediated the survival of macrophages in relatively acidic tumor microenvironments, while on the other hand, it induced macrophage production of large amounts of C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8), which enhanced cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and facilitated tumor metastasis. Consistently, the accumulation of CA12+ macrophages in tumor tissues was associated with increased tumor metastatic potential and reduced survival of patients with HCC. Selective targeting of tumor-infiltrating macrophages with a CA12 inhibitor reduced tumor growth in mice and was sufficient to synergistically enhance the therapeutic efficacy of immune-checkpoint blockade. We suggest that CA12 activity is a previously unappreciated mechanism regulating the accumulation and functions of macrophages in tumor microenvironments and therefore represents a selective vulnerability that could be exploited in future designs for antitumor immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Ning
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Chen Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Fan Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Peng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Zhou Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Mei Zhuang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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25
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He Q, Zhao W, Ren Q. The Prognostic Value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index in Operable High-Grade Glioma Patients and the Establishment of a Nomogram. Front Oncol 2022; 11:724769. [PMID: 35096561 PMCID: PMC8795507 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.724769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies confirmed the predictive value of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI) in many malignant tumors. However, it did not reach a consensus in glioma. Therefore, this study investigated the prognostic value of preoperative PNI in operable high-grade glioma and established a nomogram. Methods Clinical data of high-grade glioma patients were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Survival analysis was conducted by the Kaplan–Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. A nomogram was established. The prediction effect of the nomogram covering PNI was verified by area under the curve (AUC). Results A total of 91 operable high-grade glioma patients were included. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that among grade IV gliomas (n = 55), patients with higher PNI (>44) showed a trend of OS benefit (p = 0.138). In grade III glioma (n = 36), patients with higher PNI (>47) had longer OS (p = 0.023). However, the intersecting Kaplan–Meier curve suggested that there may be some confounding factors. Cox regression analysis showed that higher PNI was an independent prognostic factor for grade IV glioma (HR = 0.388, p = 0.040). In grade III glioma, there was no statistically relationship between PNI levels and prognosis. When evaluating the prognostic ability of PNI alone by ROC, the AUC in grade III and IV gliomas was low, indicating that PNI alone had poor predictive power for OS. Interestingly, we found that the nomogram including preoperative PNI, age, extent of resection, number of gliomas, and MGMT methylation status could predict the prognosis of patients with grade IV glioma well. Conclusion The PNI level before surgery was an independent prognostic factor for patients with grade IV glioma. The nomogram covering PNI in patients with grade IV glioma also proved the value of PNI. However, the value of PNI in grade III glioma needs to be further evaluated. More prospective studies are needed to verify this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinglan Ren
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li S, Li L, Lin X, Chen C, Luo C, Huang Y. Targeted Inhibition of Tumor Inflammation and Tumor-Platelet Crosstalk by Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Mitigates Cancer Metastasis. ACS NANO 2022; 16:50-67. [PMID: 34873906 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sowing malignant cells (the "seeds" of metastasis) to engraft secondary sites requires a conducive premetastatic niche (PMN, the "soil" of metastasis). Inflammation and tumor associated platelet (TAP) has been hijacked by primary tumors to induce PMN "soil" in distant organs, as well as facilitate the dissemination of "seeds". This study reports a combinatory strategy with activated platelet-targeting nanoparticles to aim at the dynamic process of entire cancer metastasis, which exerts robust antimetastasis efficacy by simultaneously inhibiting tumor inflammation and tumor-platelet crosstalk. Our results reveals that the PSN peptide (a P-selectin-targeting peptide) modification enriched the accumulation of nanoparticles in primary tumor, pulmonary PMN, and metastases via capturing activated platelet. Such characteristics contribute to the efficient inhibition on almost every crucial and consecutive step of the metastasis cascade by retarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression within tumors, specifically blocking the tumor-platelet crosstalk to remove the platelets "protective shield" around disseminated "seeds", and reversing the inflammatory microenvironment to interfere with the "soil" formation. Consisting of inflammation inhibiting and TAP impeding nanoparticles, this approach prominently reduces various metastasis in abscopal lung, including spontaneous metastasis, disseminated tumor cells metastasis, and post-operative metastasis. This work provides a generalizable nanoplatform of parallel inflammation disturbance and tumor-TAP crosstalk blockade to resist metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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Fas signaling in adipocytes promotes low-grade inflammation and lung metastasis of colorectal cancer through interaction with Bmx. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:93-104. [PMID: 34536556 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health issue. Obesity-related chronic low-grade inflammation (meta-inflammation) can lead to aberrant adipokine release and promote cardiometabolic diseases and obesity-related tumors. However, the mechanisms involved in the initiation of inflammatory responses in obesity and obesity-related tumors as well as metastasis are not fully understood. In this study, we found that the increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in adipocytes promoted the lung metastasis of MC38 colon cancer cells via Fas signaling. The release of TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-6 by Fas signaling in adipocytes was caused by the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways mediated by the interaction of Fas with Bmx, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Moreover, the Fas/Bmx complex is involved in the inflammation of adipocytes via Fas at the Tyr189 site and SH2 domain of Bmx. This is the first study to report the interaction between Fas and Bmx in adipocyte inflammation, which may provide clues for the development of potential new treatment strategies for obesity-related diseases.
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El Khatib M, Russo V, Prencipe G, Mauro A, Wyrwa R, Grimm G, Di Mattia M, Berardinelli P, Schnabelrauch M, Barboni B. Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells Counteract Acidic Degradation By-Products of Electrospun PLGA Scaffold by Improving Their Immunomodulatory Profile In Vitro. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113221. [PMID: 34831443 PMCID: PMC8623927 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds with highly aligned fibers (ha-PLGA) represent promising materials in the field of tendon tissue engineering (TE) due to their characteristics in mimicking fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) of tendon native tissue. Among these properties, scaffold biodegradability must be controlled allowing its replacement by a neo-formed native tendon tissue in a controlled manner. In this study, ha-PLGA were subjected to hydrolytic degradation up to 20 weeks, under di-H2O and PBS conditions according to ISO 10993-13:2010. These were then characterized for their physical, morphological, and mechanical features. In vitro cytotoxicity tests were conducted on ovine amniotic epithelial stem cells (oAECs), up to 7 days, to assess the effect of non-buffered and buffered PLGA by-products at different concentrations on cell viability and their stimuli on oAECs’ immunomodulatory properties. The ha-PLGA scaffolds degraded slowly as evidenced by a slight decrease in mass loss (14%) and average molecular weight (35%), with estimated degradation half-time of about 40 weeks under di-H2O. The ultrastructure morphology of the scaffolds showed no significant fiber degradation even after 20 weeks, but alteration of fiber alignment was already evident at week 1. Moreover, mechanical properties decreased throughout the degradation times under wet as well as dry PBS conditions. The influence of acid degradation media on oAECs was dose-dependent, with a considerable effect at 7 days’ culture point. This effect was notably reduced by using buffered media. To a certain level, cells were able to compensate the generated inflammation-like microenvironment by upregulating IL-10 gene expression and favoring an anti-inflammatory rather than pro-inflammatory response. These in vitro results are essential to better understand the degradation behavior of ha-PLGA in vivo and the effect of their degradation by-products on affecting cell performance. Indeed, buffering the degradation milieu could represent a promising strategy to balance scaffold degradation. These findings give good hope with reference to the in vivo condition characterized by physiological buffering systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad El Khatib
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Prencipe
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Ralf Wyrwa
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany; (R.W.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Gabriele Grimm
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany; (R.W.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
| | | | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.E.K.); (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.D.M.); (P.B.); (B.B.)
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Wang J, Li J, Wei S, Xu J, Jiang X, Yang L. The Ratio of Platelets to Lymphocytes Predicts the Prognosis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:9699499. [PMID: 34764993 PMCID: PMC8577954 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9699499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has continued to increase. Although the overall prognosis of CRC has improved with the continuous improvement of the level of treatment, the prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is still poor. The purpose of our study is to explore the prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in mCRC. METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase (via OVID) were systematically searched to obtain all relevant research. We used hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the associations of PLR and overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS A total of twelve studies containing 1452 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that high levels of PLR were associated with poor OS (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.27-2.33, and P < 0.01) and PFS (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.16-2.31, and P = 0.033). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggested that high levels of PLR pretreatment may be an effective predictive biomarker for the prognosis of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Wang
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Gui H, Song Y, Yin Y, Wang H, Rodriguez R, Wang Z. Prognostic value of preoperative inflammation-based predictors in patients with bladder carcinoma after radical cystectomy. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:816-825. [PMID: 34056114 PMCID: PMC8142381 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Emerging evidence has related inflammation-based biomarkers to numerous carcinomas, including bladder carcinoma (BC). However, the role of inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of BC remains inconclusive. This study aimed to compare preoperative plasma fibrinogen (PF) and other inflammatory biomarkers such as the platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and serum albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients with BC. Methods This article focused on a retrospective analysis of 175 patients with newly diagnosed BC who were admitted to our hospital from March 2005 to March 2016. Of these BC patients, 136 had undergone radical cystectomy (RC). Results According to multivariate analysis, high PF level was an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) in 136 BC patients receiving RC (HR = 3.759; P = 0.011), but not for all 175 BC patients. Combining the NLR and PF values showed higher predictive accuracy for OS than NLR or PF alone (P < 0.05). Additionally, for 136 BC patients who had undergone RC, a close relationship was found between high PF levels (≥3.39 g/L) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011) and clinical T stage (P = 0.015). Furthermore, PF was a superior prognostic factor compared with the LMR, PLR, CRP, and albumin values in 136 BC patients who had undergone RC (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preoperative PF level may be a prognostic biomarker; and when combined with the NLR, it can improve the predictive ability of the survival of BC patients, particularly of BC patients who underwent RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Gui
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Chengguan District, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yutong Song
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Chengguan District, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Yin
- Department of Urology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hanzhang Wang
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States of America
| | - Ronald Rodriguez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States of America
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Chengguan District, 82 Cuiying Gate, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Huang J, Feng W, Li S, Tang H, Qin S, Li W, Gong Y, Fang Y, Liu Y, Wang S, Guo Y, Xu Z, Shen Q. Berberine Exerts Anti-cancer Activity by Modulating Adenosine Monophosphate- Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/ Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) Signaling Pathways. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:565-574. [PMID: 32988344 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200928155728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The antagonistic relationship between adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling play a vital role in cancer development. The anti-cancer effects of berberine have been reported as a main component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma coptidis, although the roles of these signaling pathways in these effects have not been systematically reviewed. METHODS We searched the PubMed database for studies with keywords including ["berberine"] and ["tumor" or "cancer"] and ["AMPK"] or ["AKT"] published between January 2010 and July 2020, to elucidate the roles of the AMPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and their upstream and downstream targets in the anti-cancer effects of berberine. RESULTS The anti-cancer effects of berberine include inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells, and prevention of metastasis and angiogenesis. The mechanism of these effects involves multiple cell kinases and signaling pathways, including activation of AMPK and forkhead box transcription factor O3a (FOXO3a), accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibition of the activity of PI3K/AKT, rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Most of these mechanisms converge on regulation of the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling by berberine. CONCLUSION This evidence supports the possibility that berberine is a promising anti-cancer natural product, with pharmaceutical potential in inhibiting cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis via multiple pathways, particularly by regulating the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling. However, systematic preclinical studies are still required to provide scientific evidence for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Emergercy Department, South Branch of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Siru Qin
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yinan Gong
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shenjun Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Massage and Physiotherapy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
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Abstract
Liver metastases are commonly detected in a range of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer, melanoma, lung cancer and breast cancer, although CRC is the most common primary cancer that metastasizes to the liver. Interactions between tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment play an important part in the engraftment, survival and progression of the metastases. Various cells including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, parenchymal hepatocytes, dendritic cells, resident natural killer cells as well as other immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in promoting and sustaining metastases in the liver. Four key phases (microvascular, pre-angiogenic, angiogenic and growth phases) have been identified in the process of liver metastasis. Imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, CT, MRI and PET scans are typically used for the diagnosis of liver metastases. Surgical resection remains the main potentially curative treatment among patients with resectable liver metastases. The role of liver transplantation in the management of liver metastasis remains controversial. Systemic therapies, newer biologic agents (for example, bevacizumab and cetuximab) and immunotherapeutic agents have revolutionized the treatment options for liver metastases. Moving forward, incorporation of genetic tests can provide more accurate information to guide clinical decision-making and predict prognosis among patients with liver metastases.
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Regulation of Cancer Metastasis by TRAIL/Death Receptor Signaling. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040499. [PMID: 33810241 PMCID: PMC8065657 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Death ligands such as tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; TNFSF10) and their corresponding death receptors (e.g., DR5) not only initiate apoptosis through activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway but also exert non-apoptotic biological functions such as regulation of inflammation and cancer metastasis. The involvement of the TRAIL/death receptor signaling pathway in the regulation of cancer invasion and metastasis is complex as both positive and negative roles have been reported. The underlying molecular mechanisms are even more complicated. This review will focus on discussing current knowledge in our understanding of the involvement of TRAIL/death receptor-mediated signaling in the regulation of cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
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Cytokines in Pediatric Pilocytic Astrocytomas: A Clinico-Pathological Study. NEUROSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilocytic astrocytomas (PCA) are WHO Grade I tumors with a favorable prognosis. Surgical resection is usually curative. Nonetheless, progressive and/or metastatic disease occurs in 20% of patients. For these patients, treatment options are limited. The role of the immune system in PCA has not previously been reported. We hypothesize that the circulating cytokines contribute to tumorigenicity in PCA. This is an exploratory study with a focus on the identification of circulating cerebrospinal (CSF) cytokines associated with PCA. The primary objective is to demonstrate that CSF cytokines will be differentially expressed in the subset of PCAs that are difficult to treat in comparison to their surgically amendable counterparts. This is a single-institution, retrospective study of prospectively collected data. Patients with a confirmed histological diagnosis of PCA who have simultaneous intraoperative CSF sampling are included. Cerebrospinal fluid samples are subjected to multiplex cytokine profiling. Patient-derived PCA lines from selected patients in the same study cohort are cultured. Their cell culture supernatants are collected and interrogated using the sample multiplex platform as the CSF. A total of 8 patients are recruited. There were two patients with surgically difficult tumors associated with leptomeningeal involvement. Multiplex profiling of the cohort’s CSF samples showed elevated expressions of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-4, and TNF-α in these two patients in comparison to the remaining cohort. Next, primary cell lines derived from the same PCA patients demonstrated a similar trend of differential cytokine expression in their cell culture supernatant in vitro. Although our findings are preliminary at this stage, this is the first study in pediatric PCAs that show cytokine expression differences between the two groups of PCA with different clinical behaviors.
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C-reactive protein and tumour diagnosis predict survival in patients treated surgically for long bone metastases. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2021; 45:1337-1346. [PMID: 33392682 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgical options for long bone metastases include intramedullary nail fixation or prosthetic reconstruction. Patients with a short life expectancy may benefit from less invasive surgery such as intramedullary nail fixation, while patients with a long life expectancy could be treated with more invasive surgery such as prosthetic reconstruction. The purpose of our study was to analyze the survival of patients treated surgically for long bone metastases, determining the prognostic factors affecting survival and analyzing the surgical complications and reoperation rates. Based on our results, we developed a prognostic score that helps to choose the best treatment for these patients. In addition, we compared the performance of our prognostic score with other previous prognostic models. METHOD We investigated prospectively potential clinical and laboratory prognostic factors in 159 patients with metastatic bone disease who underwent surgery with intramedullary nail fixation or prosthetic reconstruction. Clinical data were collected, recording the following data: age and sex of patients, primary tumour and time of diagnosis, number (single or multiple) and presentation (synchronous or metachronous) of bone metastases, presence of visceral metastases. The following laboratory data were analyzed: hemoglobin, leukocyte counts, lymphocyte counts, platelets count, alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein. RESULTS Our study showed that pathological C-reactive protein and primary tumour diagnosis were significant negative independent prognostic factors at 12-month survival. Based on our results, we created a score using C-reactive protein and primary tumour diagnosis, creating three different prognostic groups: (A) good prognosis primary tumour and physiological CRP with probability of survival at 12 months of 88.9 [80.1-98.5]; (B) bad prognosis primary tumour and physiological CRP or good prognosis primary tumour and pathological CRP with a probability of survival at 12 months of 56.7 [45.4-70.7]; (C) bad prognosis primary tumour and pathological CRP with a probability of survival at 12 months of 12.5 [5.0-28.3]. Using ROC multiple analysis, our score (AUC = 0.816) was the most accurate in predicting a 12-month survival compared to previous prognostic models. DISCUSSION Patients treated surgically for long bone metastases with a life expectancy over 12 months should be treated with more durable reconstruction, while patients with a life expectancy less than 12 months should be treated with less invasive surgery. The diagnosis of primary cancer and C-reactive protein are two very simple data which every orthopaedic surgeon in any community hospital can easily rely on for any decision-making in the surgical treatment of a complex patient as with a patient with skeletal metastases. CONCLUSION Our prognostic score based on only two simple variables (C-reactive protein and primary tumour diagnosis) was able to predict the 12-month survival of patients treated surgically for long bone metastases and could be helpful in choosing the best treatment for these patients.
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Zhou JW, Mao YH, Liu Y, Liang HT, Samtani CC, Fu YW, Ye YL, Xiao G, Qin ZK, Liu CD, Yang JK, Zhou QZ, Guo WB, Xue KY, Zhao SC, Chen MK. A novel robust nomogram based on peripheral monocyte counts for predicting lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2021; 23:409-414. [PMID: 33533737 PMCID: PMC8269827 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_89_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate methods for identifying pelvic lymph node metastasis (LNM) of prostate cancer (PCa) prior to surgery are still lacking. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of peripheral monocyte count (PMC) for LNM of PCa in this study. Two hundred and ninety-eight patients from three centers were divided into a training set (n = 125) and a validation set (n = 173). In the training set, the independent predictors of LNM were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the optimal cutoff value was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity and specificity of the optimal cutoff were authenticated in the validation cohort. Finally, a nomogram based on the PMC was constructed for predicting LNM. Multivariate analyses of the training cohort demonstrated that clinical T stage, preoperative Gleason score, and PMC were independent risk factors for LNM. The subsequent ROC analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value of PMC for diagnosing LNM was 0.405 × 109 l-1 with a sensitivity of 60.0% and a specificity of 67.8%. In the validation set, the optimal cutoff value showed significantly higher sensitivity than that of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (0.619 vs 0.238, P < 0.001). The nomogram involving PMC, free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), clinical T stage, preoperative Gleason score, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) was generated, which showed a robust predictive capacity for predicting LNM before the operation. Our results indicated that PMC as a single agent, or combined with other clinical parameters, showed a robust predictive capacity for LNM in PCa. It can be employed as a complementary factor for the decision of whether to conduct pelvic lymph node dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yun-Hua Mao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hai-Tao Liang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chandni Chandur Samtani
- Department of International Medical Education, The Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yue-Wu Fu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yun-Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zi-Ke Qin
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Cun-Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jian-Kun Yang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Qi-Zhao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wen-Bin Guo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kang-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shan-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ming-Kun Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Han Q, Xu Y, Hu G, Xing H. The inflammatory injury of heart caused by ammonia is realized by oxidative stress and abnormal energy metabolism activating inflammatory pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140532. [PMID: 32623172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential biological process for maintaining homeostasis in the body. However, excessive inflammatory response is closely related to many chronic diseases. Ammonia is a known environmental pollutant and a main harmful gas in the environment of livestock house. It causes deterioration of air quality and poses a threat to human and animal health. Chickens are very sensitive to ammonia. In order to assess the toxicity of ammonia to the heart, the pathology, ATPase activities, markers of oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways and inflammation markers were investigated in the hearts of chickens exposed to ammonia. The results showed that the cardiac pathological structure, oxidative stress index, and ATPase activity changed significantly in ammonia-treated chickens. In addition, the inflammation pathways (JAK/STAT and MAPK) were activated in the ammonia group, and the inflammatory markers (COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB and PPAR-γ) were significantly altered at both mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, excess ammonia can activate inflammatory pathways through oxidative stress and abnormal energy metabolism, and induce cardiac inflammatory injury. Our findings will provide a new insight for better assessing the toxicity mechanism of ammonia on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Heilongjiang Agricultural and Rural Department, 4-1 Wenfu Street, Harbin 150060, China
| | - Qi Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Low SYY, Bte Syed Sulaiman N, Tan EEK, Ng LP, Kuick CH, Chang KTE, Tang PH, Wong RX, Looi WS, Low DCY, Seow WT. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in metastatic group 3 and 4 medulloblastoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:554. [PMID: 32539808 PMCID: PMC7296667 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastatic medulloblastoma (MB) portends a poor prognosis. Amongst the 4 molecular subtypes, Group 3 and Group 4 patients have a higher incidence of metastatic disease, especially involving the neuroaxis. At present, mechanisms underlying MB metastasis remain elusive. Separately, inflammation has been implicated as a key player in tumour development and metastasis. Cytokines and their inflammation-related partners have been demonstrated to act on autocrine and, or paracrine pathways within the tumour microenvironment for various cancers. In this study, the authors explore the involvement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines in Group 3 and 4 MB patients with disseminated disease. Methods This is an ethics approved, retrospective study of prospectively collected data based at a single institution. Patient clinicpathological data and corresponding bio-materials are collected after informed consent. All CSF samples are interrogated using a proteomic array. Resultant expression data of selected cytokines are correlated with each individual’s clinical information. Statistical analysis is employed to determine the significance of the expression of CSF cytokines in Group 3 and 4 patients with metastatic MB versus non-metastatic MB. Results A total of 10 patients are recruited for this study. Median age of the cohort is 6.6 years old. Based on Nanostring gene expression analysis, 5 patients have Group 3 as their molecular subtype and the remaining 5 are Group 4. There are 2 non-metastatic versus 3 metastatic patients within each molecular subtype. Proteomic CSF analysis of all patients for both subtypes show higher expression of CCL2 in the metastatic group versus the non-metastatic group. Within the Group 3 subtype, the MYC-amplified Group 3 MB patients with existing and delayed metastases express higher levels of CXCL1, IL6 and IL8 in their CSF specimens at initial presentation. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of metastatic Group 3 MB observes that selected cytokines are differentially expressed in MYC-amplified metastatic Group 3 MB, in comparison to the non-MYC amplified metastatic Group 3 MB patient. Conclusion This study demonstrates higher expression of selected CSF cytokines, in particular CCL2, in metastatic Group 3 and 4 MB patients. Although our results are preliminary, they establish a proof-of-concept basis for continued work in a larger cohort of patients affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Y Y Low
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. .,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
| | - Nurfahanah Bte Syed Sulaiman
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Enrica E K Tan
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Lee Ping Ng
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Chik Hong Kuick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Kenneth T E Chang
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Phua Hwee Tang
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Ru Xin Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Wen Shen Looi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - David C Y Low
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Wan Tew Seow
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
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Wang H, Lin C, Fan W, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Yao W, Li J. Dynamic Changes in the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict the Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3433-3444. [PMID: 32523374 PMCID: PMC7234956 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the effect of dynamic changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on tumor response and overall survival (OS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Patients and Methods Data from 181 patients with HCC were retrospectively collected. White blood cell, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and the NLR were obtained 1–3 days before as well as 3–6 weeks and 3 months after TACE. Patients were divided into two groups at each time point according to the mean value of NLR, and also divided into continuous decrease, fluctuating increase-decrease (I-D), fluctuating decrease-increase (D-I), and continuous increase groups according to the dynamic changes in the NLR. The dynamic changes in blood counts and NLR were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. The odds ratios (ORs) for tumor response in different NLR groups were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model. Finally, the prognostic value of the dynamic changes in the NLR was examined using Cox regression models. Results Continuous decline of white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts and lymphocyte counts were observed at 3–6 weeks and 3 months after TACE treatment. The NLR increased slightly and then decreased substantially in responders, while it increased slightly and then significantly in non-responders, with a significant interaction effect of Time × Tumor response (P = 0.005). NLR grouping before TACE, 3–6 weeks and 3 months after TACE was not associated with tumor response, and only 3 months after TACE did, it shows a significant difference in univariate survival analyses (NLR > 2.5 vs NLR ≤ 2.5, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.442, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.545, 3.860). The changes in the NLR were significantly correlated with tumor response and OS. Non-responders for TACE were more common in the continuous NLR increase group (OR = 6.230, 95% CI: 1.848–21.001) and in the fluctuating D-I group (OR = 5.702, 95% CI: 1.480–21.957). Multivariate analyses revealed that these two patient groups also showed poorer OS (HR = 2.351, 95% CI: 1.120–4.605 and HR = 2.320, 95% CI: 1.187–4.533, respectively). Conclusion Dynamic changes in the NLR may be better predictors of tumor response and OS than static NLR values, but more data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyang Lin
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqiang Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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Aral CA, Ölçer SN, Aral K, Kapila Y. Oxidative stress, neutrophil elastase and IGFBP7 levels in patients with oropharyngeal cancer and chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2020; 26:1393-1401. [PMID: 32333474 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study focused on investigating levels of oxidative stress, neutrophil elastase (NE), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in oropharyngeal cancers (OC) with the presence and absence of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A healthy non-periodontitis group (H-NP; n = 20), a systemically healthy chronic periodontitis group (H-P; n = 20), a non-periodontitis group with OC (OC-NP; n = 12), and a chronic periodontitis group with OC (OC-P; n = 16) formed the study groups. The levels of NE and IGFBP7 were measured in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva. In addition, oxidative status was determined by evaluating total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and OSI (TOS/TAS). RESULTS Gingival crevicular fluid NE was higher in all the groups compared with the H-NP group (p < .01). Salivary NE was higher in the OC-P and H-P groups compared with the H-NP and OC-NP groups (p < .05). Salivary IGFBP7 was significantly higher in the OC-NP and OC-P groups compared with the H-NP and H-P groups (p < .001). GCF TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in all groups compared with the H-NP group (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Gingival crevicular fluid NE levels were lower in healthy conditions compared with periodontal disease and OC. Salivary NE levels were higher in periodontal disease compared to states with no periodontal disease. Salivary IGFBP7 levels were higher in OC. Further analyses may help determine whether high salivary IGFBP7 levels distinguish OC from healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Asım Aral
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Kübra Aral
- Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Characterization of Endocannabinoid System and Interleukin Profiles in Ovine AEC: Cannabinoid Receptors Type-1 and Type-2 as Key Effectors of Pro-Inflammatory Response. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041008. [PMID: 32325674 PMCID: PMC7226065 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic epithelial cells (AEC) have been proposed as promising clinical candidates for regenerative medicine therapies due to their immunomodulatory capacity. In this context, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been identified as mediating the immune-stem cell dialogue, even if no information on AEC is available to date. Therefore, this study was designed to assess whether ECS is involved in tuning the constitutive and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ovine AEC anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-10, IL-4, and IL-12) profiles. Firstly, interleukins and ECS expressions were studied at different stages of gestation. Then, the role of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) on interleukin expression and release was investigated in middle stage AEC using selective agonists and antagonists. AEC displayed a degradative more than a synthetic endocannabinoid metabolism during the early and middle stages of gestation. At the middle stage, cannabinoid receptors mediated the balance between pro-inflammatory (IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) interleukins. The activation of both receptors mediated an overall pro-inflammatory shift-CB1 reduced the anti-inflammatory and CB2 increased the pro-inflammatory interleukin release, particularly after LPS stimulation. Altogether, these data pave the way for the comprehension of AEC mechanisms tuning immune-modulation, crucial for the development of new AEC-based therapy protocols.
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42
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Li Y, Qin W, Zi Y, Liu Y, Qiu X, Xu H, Liao W, Huang Z. Predictive value of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte count ratio in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:132. [PMID: 32070301 PMCID: PMC7029459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is still a lack of preoperative markers to predict MVI in HCC. This study intends to explore the potential application value of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) to lymphocyte count ratio (GLR) in predicting MVI in HCC and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods From March 2010 to December 2015, 230 HCC patients who underwent surgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University were selected. Clinicopathological parameters between the MVI group (n = 115) and the non-MVI group (n = 115) were comparatively analyzed. The GLR was used as the potential risk factor for HCC with MVI, and its optimal cut-off value was estimated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival of HCC patients, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to establish independent predictors affecting postoperative HCC patients. Results The GLR levels in the MVI group and non-MVI group were 84.83 ± 61.84 and 38.42 ± 33.52 (p < 0.001), respectively. According to ROC curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of GLR was 56.0, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.781 (95% CI, 0.719–0.833) for the risk prediction of MVI in HCC patients. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size > 5 cm, HCC combined with MVI and GLR > 56.0 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in HCC patients. In addition, compared with the non-MVI group, patients in the MVI group had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Conclusion GLR could be a predictive biomarker of HCC after operation and a potential predictor of HCC combined with MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zhang
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Li
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Second clinical medical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Qin
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhua Zi
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Qiu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoquan Huang
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Next-Generation Sequencing Panel Analysis of Clinically Relevant Mutations in Circulating Cell-Free DNA from Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Pilot Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1314967. [PMID: 31998776 PMCID: PMC6970497 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1314967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) originates from placental tissue and exhibits the potential for invasion and metastasis. Gene alterations in GTN have not been extensively studied because of a lack of qualified tumor specimens after chemotherapy. GTN has a rapid growth rate and is highly metastatic, which makes circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing a promising modality for gene profiling. Accordingly, in this study, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 559 tumor-associated genes using circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) collected prior to chemotherapy from 11 patients with GTN. All sequenced genes were associated with oncogenesis, progression, and targeted therapy. The average cfDNA level was 0.43 ± 0.22 ng/μL. Significant correlations were found between cfDNA concentration and maximum lesion diameter (r = 0.625, p=0.040) and time for human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit (β-HCG) recovering to normal level (r = 0.609, p=0.047). There were no significant correlations between cfDNA concentrations and β-HCG expression level or lung metastasis. ctDNA mutations were detected in all patients, and 73 mutant genes were detected in 11 patients. BMPR1A (27.3%), LRP1B (27.3%), ERCC4 (18.2%), FGF14 (18.2%), HSP90AA1 (18.2%), KAT6A (18.2%), KMT2D (18.2%), MAP3K1 (18.2%), RANBP2 (18.2%), and ZNF217 (18.2%) mutations were detected as overlapping mutations. The mRNA and protein levels of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A were significantly downregulated in human JAR and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells (p < 0.0001), whereas mRNA and protein levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 were upregulated in these two cell lines (p=0.0128, p=0.0012, respectively). These genes may play important roles in GTN initiation and progression and may be candidate targets for GTN treatment. These findings suggested that cfDNA levels could provide potential assessment value in disease severity of GTN and that ctDNA sequencing was a promising approach for identifying gene mutations in GTN.
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Crispen PL, Kusmartsev S. Mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 69:3-14. [PMID: 31811337 PMCID: PMC6949323 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With the introduction of multiple new agents, the role of immunotherapy is rapidly expanding across all malignancies. Bladder cancer is known to be immunogenic and is responsive to immunotherapy including intravesical BCG and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Multiple trials have addressed the role of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced bladder cancer, including atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab (all targeting the PD1/PD-L1 pathway). While these trials have demonstrated promising results and improvements over existing therapies, less than half of patients with advanced disease demonstrate clinical benefit from checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Recent breakthroughs in cancer biology and immunology have led to an improved understanding of the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the host’s immune system. It appears that tumors promote the formation of highly immunosuppressive microenvironments preventing generation of effective anti-tumor immune response through multiple mechanisms. Therefore, reconditioning of the tumor microenvironment and restoration of the competent immune response is essential for achieving optimal efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we aim to discuss the major mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer and highlight novel pathways and molecular targets that may help to attenuate tumor-induced immune tolerance, overcome resistance to immunotherapy and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Crispen
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sergei Kusmartsev
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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45
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Aksenenko MB, Palkina NV, Sergeeva ON, Yu Sergeeva E, Kirichenko AK, Ruksha TG. miR-155 overexpression is followed by downregulation of its target gene, NFE2L2, and altered pattern of VEGFA expression in the liver of melanoma B16-bearing mice at the premetastatic stage. Int J Exp Pathol 2019; 100:311-319. [PMID: 32043657 PMCID: PMC7042756 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are involved in the control of tumour progression and in metastatic cascade dynamics. However, the role of microRNAs in distant organ reorganization at the premetastatic stage is less clear, although the process of premetastatic niche formation is a crucial event according to modern concepts of tumour dissemination. The role of the present study was to investigate the expression levels of miR-155, miR-21, miR-205 and miR-let7b, as well as that of their target genes, in target organs of melanoma metastasis at the premetastatic stage. The expression levels of both the pro-oncogenic miR-155 and the tumour suppressive miR-205 were found to be altered in the premetastatic liver of melanoma B16-bearing mice. Bioinformatics analysis identified the target genes of miR-155 to be nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2), secretogranin II, miR-205, semaphorin 5A and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Among those, the redox status regulatory factor NFE2L2 was downregulated, which corresponded to increased levels of miR-155. Due to the ability of pro-oxidative events to initiate angiogenesis, VEGFA levels were evaluated in the premetastatic liver by immunohistochemistry, which revealed increased VEGFA expression in the central parts of the organ and diminished expression in the periphery. Taken together, these findings may support the concept of functional organ reorganization due to melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya B. Aksenenko
- Departments of PathophysiologyKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Nadezhda V. Palkina
- Departments of PathophysiologyKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Olga N. Sergeeva
- Departments of PathophysiologyKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | | | - Andrey K. Kirichenko
- Forensic Medicine & Pathological AnatomyKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Tatiana G. Ruksha
- Departments of PathophysiologyKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
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46
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DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. Tumor Hypoxia As an Enhancer of Inflammation-Mediated Metastasis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies. Target Oncol 2019; 13:157-173. [PMID: 29423593 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent research has implicated tumor inflammation as a promoter of metastasis. Myeloid, lymphoid, and mesenchymal cells in the tumor microenvironment promote inflammatory signaling amongst each other and together with cancer cells to modulate sustained inflammation, which may enhance cancer invasiveness. Tumor hypoxia, a state of reduced available oxygen present in the majority of solid tumors, acts as a prognostic factor for a worse outcome and is known to have a role in tumor inflammation through the regulation of inflammatory mediator signals in both cancer and neighboring cells in the microenvironment. Multiple methods to target tumor hypoxia have been developed and tested in clinical trials, and still more are emerging as the impacts of hypoxia become better understood. These strategies include mechanistic inhibition of the hypoxia inducible factor signaling pathway and hypoxia activated pro-drugs, leading to both anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. This prompts a need for further research on the prevention of hypoxia-mediated inflammation in cancer. Hypoxia-targeting strategies seem to have the most potential for therapeutic benefit when combined with traditional chemotherapy agents. This paper will serve to summarize the role of the inflammatory response in metastasis, to discuss how hypoxia can enable or enhance inflammatory signaling, and to review established and emerging strategies to target the hypoxia-inflammation-metastasis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh W DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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47
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Cutaneous Metastases in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091292. [PMID: 31480743 PMCID: PMC6788186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin metastases in ovarian cancer are uncommon, but their incidence may be increasing due to improved survival rates. Skin metastases can be divided into umbilical metastases, which are known as Sister Joseph nodules (SJNs) and are associated with peritoneal metastasis, and non-SJN skin metastases, which usually develop within surgical scars and in the vicinity of superficial lymphadenopathy. As most skin metastases develop after specific conditions, recognition of preceding metastatic diseases and prior treatments is necessary for early diagnosis of skin lesions. The prognosis of skin metastases in ovarian cancer varies widely since they are heterogeneous in the site of lesion and the time of appearance. Patients with SJNs at initial diagnosis and patients with surgical scar recurrences without concomitant metastases may have prolonged survival with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. In patients who developed skin recurrences as a late manifestation, symptoms should be treated with external beam radiotherapy and immune response modifiers. Immune checkpoint blockade can enhance anti-tumor immunity and induce durable clinical responses in multiple tumor types, including advanced chemoresistant ovarian cancer. With the use of radiation therapy, which enhances the systemic anti-tumor immune response, immune checkpoint blockade may be a promising therapeutic strategy for distant metastasis, including skin metastasis.
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48
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Otsuka I. Cutaneous Metastasis after Surgery, Injury, Lymphadenopathy, and Peritonitis: Possible Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3286. [PMID: 31277406 PMCID: PMC6651228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous metastases from internal malignancies are uncommon. Umbilical metastasis, also known as Sister Joseph nodule (SJN), develops in patients with carcinomatous peritonitis or superficial lymphadenopathy, while non-SJN skin metastases develop after surgery, injury, and lymphadenopathy. In this review, the possible mechanisms of skin metastases are discussed. SJNs develop by the contiguous or lymphatic spread of tumor cells. After surgery and injury, tumor cells spread by direct implantation or hematogenous metastasis, and after lymphadenopathy, they spread by extranodal extension. The inflammatory response occurring during wound healing is exploited by tumor cells and facilitates tumor growth. Macrophages are crucial drivers of tumor-promoting inflammation, which is a source of survival, growth and angiogenic factors. Angiogenesis is promoted by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which also mediates tumor-associated immunodeficiency. In the subcutaneous tissues that surround metastatic lymph nodes, adipocytes promote tumor growth. In the elderly, age-associated immunosuppression may facilitate hematogenous metastasis. Anti-VEGF therapy affects recurrence patterns but at the same time, may increase the risk of skin metastases. Immune suppression associated with inflammation may play a key role in skin metastasis development. Thus, immune therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors reactivating cytotoxic T-cell function and inhibiting tumor-associated macrophage function, appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Otsuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa 296-8602, Japan.
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49
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Qi Y, Liao D, Fu X, Gao Q, Zhang Y. Elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte corresponds with poor outcome in patients with advanced cancer receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105707. [PMID: 31272066 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the prognostic value of PLR for PD-1 inhibitors. METHODS Patients were divided into different subgroups according to PLR. Univariate survival analysis and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to assess the association between PLR and overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The optimal cut-off value of baseline PLR was 164. Among the total 85 patients, 34 patients presented with PLR ≥ 164, and 51 presented with PLR < 164, respectively. The median OS for the high PLR group was 7.0 months (95% CI: 4.1-9.9 months), and it was not reached for the low PLR group (P < 0.001). The median PFS was 3.0 months (95% CI: 1.9-4.1 months) vs. 9.8 months (95% CI: 6.1-13.5 months) for the high and low PLR groups, respectively (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, a PLR > 164 and body mass index (BMI) > 24.0 were independently associated with OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.549, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.901-6.625, P < 0.001 and HR: 0.496, 95% CI: 0.260-0.945, P = 0.033), meanwhile PLR was also significantly associated with inferior PFS (HR: 2.567, 95% CI: 1.551-4.249, P < 0.001). Disease control rate for high and low PLR group was 38.2% and 74.5%, respectively, and it was also correlated with elevated PLR (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION This retrospective analysis indicates that PLR could be used as a biomarker to stratify patients who will have a better response to anti-PD-1 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Qi
- Department of Biology and Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Jin-Shui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China
| | - Daixiang Liao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, 10 He Tan Qiao East Road, Mentougou District, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- Department of Biology and Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Jin-Shui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China
| | - Quanli Gao
- Department of Biology and Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Jin-Shui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biology and Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Jin-Shui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China.
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50
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Albonici L, Giganti MG, Modesti A, Manzari V, Bei R. Multifaceted Role of the Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) in the Antitumor Immune Response and Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122970. [PMID: 31216652 PMCID: PMC6627047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The sharing of molecules function that affects both tumor growth and neoangiogenesis with cells of the immune system creates a mutual interplay that impairs the host’s immune response against tumor progression. Increasing evidence shows that tumors are able to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment by recruiting specific immune cells. Moreover, molecules produced by tumor and inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment create an immunosuppressive milieu able to inhibit the development of an efficient immune response against cancer cells and thus fostering tumor growth and progression. In addition, the immunoediting could select cancer cells that are less immunogenic or more resistant to lysis. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding the immunomodulatory effects and cancer progression of the angiogenic growth factor namely placental growth factor (PlGF) and address the biological complex effects of this cytokine. Different pathways of the innate and adaptive immune response in which, directly or indirectly, PlGF is involved in promoting tumor immune escape and metastasis will be described. PlGF is important for building up vascular structures and functions. Although PlGF effects on vascular and tumor growth have been widely summarized, its functions in modulating the immune intra-tumoral microenvironment have been less highlighted. In agreement with PlGF functions, different antitumor strategies can be envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Albonici
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Gabriella Giganti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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