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Liu Z, Xu X, Liu H, Zhao X, Yang C, Fu R. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for multiple myeloma immunotherapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:99. [PMID: 38017516 PMCID: PMC10685608 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is related to immune disorders, recent studys have revealed that immunotherapy can greatly benefit MM patients. Immune checkpoints can negatively modulate the immune system and are closely associated with immune escape. Immune checkpoint-related therapy has attracted much attention and research in MM. However, the efficacy of those therapies need further improvements. There need more thoughts about the immune checkpoint to translate their use in clinical work. In our review, we aggregated the currently known immune checkpoints and their corresponding ligands, further more we propose various ways of potential translation applying treatment based on immune checkpoints for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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He D, Wang L, Xu J, Zhao J, Bai H, Wang J. Research advances in mechanism of antiangiogenic therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265865. [PMID: 37915579 PMCID: PMC10618022 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has changed the treatment strategy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years, among which anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies are the most used. However, the majority of patients with NSCLC do not derive benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Vascular abnormalities are a hallmark of most solid tumors and facilitate immune evasion. Thus, combining antiangiogenic therapies might increase the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies. In this paper, the mechanisms of anti-angiogenic agents combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies are illustrated, moreover, relevant clinical studies and predictive immunotherapeutic biomarkers are summarized and analyzed, in order to provide more treatment options for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hua Bai
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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3
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Taghiloo S, Asgarian-Omran H. Current Approaches of Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023; 24:1408-1438. [PMID: 37561383 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Increasing understanding of the complex interaction between leukemic and immune cells, which is responsible for tumor progression and immune evasion, has paved the way for the development of novel immunotherapy approaches in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). One of the well-known immune escape mechanisms of tumor cells is the up-regulation of immune checkpoint molecules. In recent years, targeting immune checkpoint receptors is the most clinically effective immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In this regard, various immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) drugs are currently been investigating for their potential effects on improving anti-tumor immune response and clinical efficacy in the hematological malignancies; however, their effectiveness in patients with CLL has shown less remarkable success, and ongoing research is focused on identifying strategies to enhance the efficacy of ICB in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Taghiloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Asgarian-Omran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Angulo-Aguado M, Orjuela-Amarillo S, Mora-Jácome JF, Córdoba LP, Gallego-Ortiz A, Gaviria-Sabogal CC, Contreras N, Figueroa C, Ortega-Recalde O, Morel A, Fonseca-Mendoza DJ. Functional analysis of CTLA4 promoter variant and its possible implication in colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1160368. [PMID: 37601778 PMCID: PMC10436101 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1160368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent cancer, ranking as the third most common. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular causes of this disease have highlighted the crucial role of tumor immune evasion in its initiation and progression. CTLA4, a receptor that acts as a negative regulator of T cell responses, plays a pivotal role in this process, and genetic variations in CTLA4 have been linked to CRC susceptibility, prognosis, and response to therapy. Methods We conducted a case-control study involving 98 CRC patients and 424 controls. We genotyped the CTLA4 c.-319C > T variant (rs5742909) and performed an association analysis by comparing allele frequencies between the patients and controls. To assess the potential functional impact of this variant, we first performed an In Silico analysis of transcription factor binding sites using Genomatix. Finally, to validate our findings, we conducted a luciferase reporter gene assay using different cell lines and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results The case-control association analysis revealed a significant association between CTLA4 c.-319C > T and CRC susceptibility (p = 0.023; OR 1.89; 95% CI = 1.11-3.23). Genomatix analysis identified LEF1 and TCF7 transcription factors as specific binders to CTLA4 c.-319C. The reporter gene assay demonstrated notable differences in luciferase activity between the c.-319 C and T alleles in COS-7, HCT116, and Jurkat cell lines. EMSA analysis showed differences in TCF7 interaction with the CTLA4 C and T alleles. Conclusion CTLA4 c.-319C > T is associated with CRC susceptibility. Based on our functional validation results, we proposed that CTLA4 c.-319C > T alters gene expression at the transcriptional level, triggering a stronger negative regulation of T-cells and immune tumoral evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Angulo-Aguado
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sarah Orjuela-Amarillo
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julián Francisco Mora-Jácome
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lea Paloma Córdoba
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Antonio Gallego-Ortiz
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cristian Camilo Gaviria-Sabogal
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nora Contreras
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Figueroa
- Departamento de Coloproctología, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adrien Morel
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Fonseca-Mendoza
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
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Wang S, Fu J, Fang X. A novel DNA methylation-related gene signature for the prediction of overall survival and immune characteristics of ovarian cancer patients. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:62. [PMID: 36978087 PMCID: PMC10053775 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most life-threatening cancers affecting women worldwide. Recent studies have shown that the DNA methylation state can be used in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis prediction of diseases. Meanwhile, it has been reported that the DNA methylation state can affect the function of immune cells. However, whether DNA methylation-related genes can be used for prognosis and immune response prediction in OC remains unclear. METHODS In this study, DNA methylation-related genes in OC were identified by an integrated analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptome data. Prognostic values of the DNA methylation-related genes were investigated through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox progression analyses. Immune characteristics were investigated by CIBERSORT, correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS Twelve prognostic genes (CA2, CD3G, HABP2, KCTD14, PI3, SERPINB5, SLAMF7, SLC9A2, STC2, TBP, TREML2 and TRIM27) were identified and a risk score signature and a nomogram based on prognostic genes and clinicopathological features were constructed for the survival prediction of OC patients in the training and two validation cohorts. Subsequently, the differences in the immune landscape between the high- and low-risk score groups were systematically investigated. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study explored a novel efficient risk score signature and a nomogram for the survival prediction of OC patients. In addition, the differences of the immune characteristics between the two risk groups were clarified preliminarily, which will guide the further exploration of synergistic targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Xiang X, Gao LM, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Zhao S, Liu W, Ye Y, Zhang W. Identification of FCER1G related to Activated Memory CD4 + T Cells Infiltration by Gene Co-expression Network and Construction of a Risk Prediction Module in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:849422. [PMID: 35711924 PMCID: PMC9196638 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.849422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a group of biologically heterogeneous tumors with different prognoses. The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in the tumorigenesis and development of DLBCL, and activated memory CD4+ T cells are an essential component of immunological cells in the lymphoma microenvironment. So far, there are few reports about activated memory CD4+T cells infiltration and related genes in the DLBCL tumor microenvironment. This study obtained the mRNA expression profile information of the testing GSE87371 dataset and another six validation datasets (GSE53786, GSE181063, GSE10846, GSE32918, GSE32018, GSE9327, GSE3892, TCGA-DLBC) from the GEO and TCGA databases. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) screened gene module associated with activated memory CD4+ T cells infiltration. CIBERSORT and TIMER (immune cells infiltrating estimation analysis tools) were used to identify the relationship between activated memory CD4+ T cells and genes associated with immune infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) built the risk prediction model and verified it using nomogram and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Further functional characterization includes Gene Ontology, KEGG pathway analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of these genes. These results suggest that the expression of FCER1G can reflect the invasion of activated memory CD4+ T cells in DLBCL, which provides a new idea for studying the tumor microenvironment and may become a potential predictive biomarker for the assessment of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Min Gao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Ye
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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The Leading Role of the Immune Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma: A New Target with a Great Prognostic and Clinical Value. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092513. [PMID: 35566637 PMCID: PMC9105926 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell (PC) malignancy whose development flourishes in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME). The BMME components’ immunoediting may foster MM progression by favoring initial immunotolerance and subsequent tumor cell escape from immune surveillance. In this dynamic process, immune effector cells are silenced and become progressively anergic, thus contributing to explaining the mechanisms of drug resistance in unresponsive and relapsed MM patients. Besides traditional treatments, several new strategies seek to re-establish the immunological balance in the BMME, especially in already-treated MM patients, by targeting key components of the immunoediting process. Immune checkpoints, such as CXCR4, T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains (TIGIT), PD-1, and CTLA-4, have been identified as common immunotolerance steps for immunotherapy. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), expressed on MMPCs, is a target for CAR-T cell therapy, antibody-(Ab) drug conjugates (ADCs), and bispecific mAbs. Approved anti-CD38 (daratumumab, isatuximab), anti-VLA4 (natalizumab), and anti-SLAMF7 (elotuzumab) mAbs interfere with immunoediting pathways. New experimental drugs currently being evaluated (CD137 blockers, MSC-derived microvesicle blockers, CSF-1/CSF-1R system blockers, and Th17/IL-17/IL-17R blockers) or already approved (denosumab and bisphosphonates) may help slow down immune escape and disease progression. Thus, the identification of deregulated mechanisms may identify novel immunotherapeutic approaches to improve MM patients’ outcomes.
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Bie F, Tian H, Sun N, Zang R, Zhang M, Song P, Liu L, Peng Y, Bai G, Zhou B, Gao S. Comprehensive analysis of PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and tumor microenvironment in LUAD: differences between Asians and Caucasians. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:229. [PMID: 34933667 PMCID: PMC8693498 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds The characteristics of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and tumor microenvironment (TME) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients are closely related to immunotherapy, and there are differences between Asians and Caucasians. Methods Acquire the transcriptome data of the Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese LUAD patients. R software was used to analyze the differential expression of genes, prognosis, and gene function. Use CIBERSORT for TIL-related analysis and ESTIMATE for TME-related analysis. Results The expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues of Caucasian LUAD patients was lower than that in normal tissues, while there was no significant difference in Asians. There was no statistical difference between PD-L1 expression and prognosis. The composition of TILs between Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients was quite different. There was no correlation between TILs and prognosis in Caucasians. However, the higher content of resting mast cells indicated a better prognosis in Asians. The Caucasian patients with higher immune and estimate scores had a better prognosis (p = 0.021, p = 0.025). However, the Asian patients with a higher estimate score had a worse prognosis (p = 0.024). The high expression of COL5A2 (p = 0.046, p = 0.027) and NOX4 (p = 0.020, p = 0.019) were both associated with the poor prognosis in Caucasians and Asians. Conclusion There are many differences in the characteristics of PD-L1 expression, TILs, and TME between Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients. This provides a certain hint for the selection of specific immunotherapy strategies separately for Caucasian and Asian LUAD patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01221-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglong Bie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ruochuan Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Moyan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guangyu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO. 17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Deregulated Expression of Immune Checkpoints on Circulating CD4 T Cells May Complicate Clinical Outcome and Response to Treatment with Checkpoint Inhibitors in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179298. [PMID: 34502204 PMCID: PMC8431347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike solid-tumor patients, a disappointingly small subset of multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors derive clinical benefits, suggesting differential participation of inhibitory receptors involved in the development of T-cell-mediated immunosuppression. In fact, T cells in MM patients have recently been shown to display features of immunosenescence and exhaustion involved in immune response inhibition. Therefore, we aimed to identify the dominant inhibitory pathway in MM patients to achieve its effective control by therapeutic interventions. By flow cytometry, we examined peripheral blood (PB) CD4 T cell characteristics assigned to senescence or exhaustion, considering PD-1, CTLA-4, and BTLA checkpoint expression, as well as secretory effector function, i.e., capacity for IFN-γ and IL-17 secretion. Analyses were performed in a total of 40 active myeloma patients (newly diagnosed and treated) and 20 healthy controls. At the single-cell level, we found a loss of studied checkpoints’ expression on MM CD4 T cells (both effector (Teff) and regulatory (Treg) cells) primarily at diagnosis; the checkpoint deficit in MM relapse was not significant. Nonetheless, PD-1 was the only checkpoint distributed on an increased proportion of T cells in all MM patients irrespective of disease phase, and its expression on CD4 Teff cells correlated with adverse clinical courses. Among patients, the relative defect in secretory effector function of CD4 T cells was more pronounced at myeloma relapse (as seen in declined Th1/Treg and Th17/Treg cell rates). Although the contribution of PD-1 to MM clinical outcomes is suggestive, our study clearly indicated that the inappropriate expression of immune checkpoints (associated with dysfunctionality of CD4 T cells and disease clinical phase) might be responsible for the sub-optimal clinical response to therapeutic checkpoint inhibitors in MM.
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Bailly C, Thuru X, Quesnel B. Soluble Programmed Death Ligand-1 (sPD-L1): A Pool of Circulating Proteins Implicated in Health and Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3034. [PMID: 34204509 PMCID: PMC8233757 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon T-cell receptor stimulation, the Programmed cell Death-1 receptor (PD-1) expressed on T-cells can interact with its ligand PD-L1 expressed at the surface of cancer cells or antigen-presenting cells. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 are routinely used for the treatment of cancers, but their clinical efficacy varies largely across the variety of tumor types. A part of the variability is linked to the existence of several forms of PD-L1, either expressed on the plasma membrane (mPD-L1), at the surface of secreted cellular exosomes (exoPD-L1), in cell nuclei (nPD-L1), or as a circulating, soluble protein (sPD-L1). Here, we have reviewed the different origins and roles of sPD-L1 in humans to highlight the biochemical and functional heterogeneity of the soluble protein. sPD-L1 isoforms can be generated essentially by two non-exclusive processes: (i) proteolysis of m/exoPD-L1 by metalloproteases, such as metalloproteinases (MMP) and A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAM), which are capable of shedding membrane PD-L1 to release an active soluble form, and (ii) the alternative splicing of PD-L1 pre-mRNA, leading in some cases to the release of sPD-L1 protein isoforms lacking the transmembrane domain. The expression and secretion of sPD-L1 have been observed in a large variety of pathologies, well beyond cancer, notably in different pulmonary diseases, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and viral diseases. The expression and role of sPD-L1 during pregnancy are also evoked. The structural heterogeneity of sPD-L1 proteins, and associated functional/cellular plurality, should be kept in mind when considering sPD-L1 as a biomarker or as a drug target. The membrane, exosomal and soluble forms of PD-L1 are all integral parts of the highly dynamic PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, essential for immune-tolerance or immune-escape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Thuru
- Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, CHU Lille, Inserm, CNRS, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (X.T.); (B.Q.)
| | - Bruno Quesnel
- Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, CHU Lille, Inserm, CNRS, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (X.T.); (B.Q.)
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11
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Monabati A, Nematollahi P, Dehghanian A, Safaei A, Sadeghipour A, Movahedinia S, Mokhtari M. Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:491-498. [PMID: 33613887 PMCID: PMC7878047 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.4.2542.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Primary Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma of CNS (PCNSL) is a rare variant of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) and presents with an aggressive clinical course and usually resistant to commonly used therapy regimens. Recently, role of immune checkpoint molecules including PD-1 and PD-L1 confirmed in some solid tumors and lymphoma resulting tumor cells escape the immune system and help to survive and to spread. Inhibitors of PD-1 and PD-L1 have shown lasting responses in several solid and some hematological tumors, while limited studies evaluate checkpoint molecules on PCNSL. Method: In this study, we investigated PD-1 and PD-L1 expression by immunostaining on 71 patients with PCNSL and correlation with demographic data, location of the tumor, proliferation rate, cell of origin, and CD8 positive T cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment. Results: 16 from71 showed PD-1 expression, while PD-L1 expression were 42/71. No association was determined between PD-1/PD-L1 expression and gender, cell of origin, and proliferation rate, but a highly significant difference was determined between the infiltration of CD8 positive T cells in two groups of PD-1/PD-L1 positive and negative. Conclusion: This study revealed expression of check point molecules in remarkable number of PCNSL which may open new therapeutic recommendations in this aggressive lymphoma type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Monabati
- Department of Pathology, Hematology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pardis Nematollahi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirreza Dehghanian
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Pathology, Hematology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghipour
- Department of Pathology, Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjadeh Movahedinia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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CRL3–SPOP ubiquitin ligase complex suppresses the growth of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by negatively regulating the MyD88/NF-κB signaling. Leukemia 2019; 34:1305-1314. [DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Yokobori T, Yazawa S, Asao T, Nakazawa N, Mogi A, Sano R, Kuwano H, Kaira K, Shirabe K. Fucosylated α 1-acid glycoprotein as a biomarker to predict prognosis following tumor immunotherapy of patients with lung cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14503. [PMID: 31601857 PMCID: PMC6787216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeting immune checkpoint molecules has provided remarkable clinical benefits in cancer patients but no clinically relevant biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes exists. Recently, we demonstrated that glycan structures of serum α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) changed dramatically in cancer patients and that α1,3fucosylated AGP (fAGP) levels increased along with disease progression and decreased responding to chemotherapy treatments. Here, the fAGP was analyzed in sera prospectively obtained from 39 patients with advanced lung cancer who underwent immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody, nivolumab. Twenty-three patients had significantly high fAGP levels above the cut-off value (H-fAGP) at one month after starting the treatment and 20 patients in this group, whose tumor sizes did not decrease, maintained high fAGP levels continuously and subsequently died. However, the other 16 patients, whose fAGP levels decreased or maintained below the cut-off value (L-fAGP), survived during a 2-year observation even though 5 patients in this group had no tumor shrinkage. Accordingly, the overall survival rate was found to significantly correlate with the fAGP level. Multivariate analyses revealed that the H-fAGP was an independent risk factor for cancer progression. Therefore, the fAGP level appeared to be a reliable biomarker for predicting clinical efficacy of immunotherapy with nivolumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of Innovative Cancer Immunotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shin Yazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Asao
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akira Mogi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Rie Sano
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, International Medical Center, Saitama University Hospital, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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14
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Biological surface properties in extracellular vesicles and their effect on cargo proteins. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13048. [PMID: 31506490 PMCID: PMC6736982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultracentrifugationon sucrose density gradientappears to be the best purification protocol for extracellular vesicle (EVs) purification. After this step, to reduce disulfide bridges linking exogenous proteins to the vesicles, the collected samples are routinely washed and treated with dithiothreitol (DTT). Such incubations are performed at temperatures ranging from room temperature up to 95 °C, with either Tris or PBS as buffers. We re-investigated these steps on both exosomes and microvesicles purified from blood (serum) and urine by electrophoretic separation, silver staining and western blots analysis. Data confirm that an extra centrifugation on a sucrose cushion can effectively eliminate contaminants. Tris buffer (50 Mm) and β-mercaptoethanol as a reducing agent at room temperature dramatically improved either sample cleaning. By contrast, especially for exosomes PBS buffer and DTT, above 37 °C, caused massive protein aggregations, yielding blurred SDS-PAGE gels in both samples. Immuno-blot analyses demonstrated that in PBS-DTT contamination with albumin (in serum) or with uromodulin (in urine) occurs. DTT, likely due to its two–SH groups, might form scrambled SS-bonds promoting EVs interaction with environmental macromolecules via disulphide bridges. Therefore, to obtain maximum vesicle purity for biomarker investigations and to maximize both presence of EVs proteins and their accessibility, use of DTT is not recommended.
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Elbæk MV, Pedersen MØ, Breinholt MF, Reddy A, Love C, Clasen‐Linde E, Knudsen H, Nielsen SL, Gang AO, Høgdall E, Dave S, Nørgaard P. PD‐L1 expression is low in large B‐cell lymphoma with MYC or double‐hit translocation. Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:375-382. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anupama Reddy
- Duke Cancer Institute and Center for Genomic and Computational Biology Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - Cassandra Love
- Duke Cancer Institute and Center for Genomic and Computational Biology Duke University Durham NC USA
| | | | - Helle Knudsen
- Department of Pathology Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Herlev Denmark
| | | | - Anne Ortved Gang
- Department of Hematology Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Herlev Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Herlev Denmark
| | - Sandeep Dave
- Duke Cancer Institute and Center for Genomic and Computational Biology Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - Peter Nørgaard
- Department of Pathology Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Herlev Denmark
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Oliveira DDS, Mesquita JL, Garcia YDO, Rosales YMZ, Lemes RPG, Rocha Filho FD, Fernandes PFCBC, Duarte PMA, Pitombeira MDS, Duarte FB. Interstitial nephritis associated with nivolumab in a patient with hodgkin lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 65:934-936. [PMID: 31389500 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.7.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Song Y, Li Z, Xue W, Zhang M. Predictive biomarkers for PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Immunotherapy 2019; 11:515-529. [PMID: 30860441 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is very important for monitoring and eradicating cancer cells. However, there may be multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms to prevent effective antitumor immunity in the tumor environment, such as the negative immunologic regulators known as checkpoints. Antibodies that block the checkpoints programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway have made great success. Nevertheless, the response rates are likely to vary widely. Therefore, several researches are currently underway to determine which biomarkers are able to identify the group of patients who can obtain benefits from PD-1 and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This review focuses on potential predictive biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in order to provide advice and guidance for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weili Xue
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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