1
|
Yadollahi Farsani M, Amini Farsani Z, Teimuri S, Kolahdouzan M, Eshraghi Samani R, Teimori H. Deregulation of miR-1245b-5p and miR-92a-3p and their potential target gene, GATA3, in epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1955. [PMID: 38173189 PMCID: PMC10849934 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules that have prominent roles in tumor development and metastasis and can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This study evaluated the expression of miR-92a-3p and miR-1245b-5p and their potential target gene, GATA3 in patients with breast cancer (BC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the search for BC-related microRNAs, miR-124b-5p and miR-92a-3p were selected using Medline through PubMed, miR2disease, miRcancer and miRTarBase. Moreover, target gene GATA3 and their possible interaction in the regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion was evaluated using in silico tools including miRTarBase, TargetScan, STRING-db, and Cytoscape. The expression level of miR-92a-3p, miR1245b-5p, and GATA3 were assessed on extracted RNAs of tumor and nontumor tissues from 36 patients with BC using qPCR. Additionally, clinical-pathologic characteristics, such as tumor grade, tumor stage, lymph node were taken into consideration and the diagnostic power of these miRNAs and GATA3 was evaluated using the ROC curve analysis. RESULTS In silico evaluation of miR-92a-3p and miR-1245b-5p supports their potential association with EMT and invasion signaling pathways in BC pathogenesis. Comparing tumor tissues to nontumor tissues, we found a significant downregulation of miR-1245b-5p and miR-92a-3p and upregulation of GATA3. Patients with BC who had decreased miR-92a-3p expression also had higher rates of advanced stage/grade and ER expression, whereas decreased miR-1245b-5p expression was only linked to ER expression and was not associated with lymph node metastasis. The AUC of miR-1245b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and GATA3 using ROC curve was determined 0.6449 (p = .0239), 0.5980 (p = .1526), and 0.7415 (p < .0001), respectively, which showed a significant diagnostic accuracy of miR-1245b-5p and GATA3 between the BC patients and healthy individuals. CONCLUSION MiR-1245b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and GATA3 gene contribute to BC pathogenesis and they may be having potential regulatory roles in signaling pathways involved in invasion and EMT pathways in BC pathogenesis, as a result of these findings. More research is needed to determine the regulatory mechanisms that they control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Yadollahi Farsani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | - Zeinab Amini Farsani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | | | - Mohsen Kolahdouzan
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Reza Eshraghi Samani
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Hossein Teimori
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moeinafshar A, Nouri M, Shokrollahi N, Masrour M, Behnam A, Tehrani Fateh S, Sadeghi H, Miryounesi M, Ghasemi MR. Non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets for receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in solid tumors: current status and future directions. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:26. [PMID: 38200584 PMCID: PMC10782702 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article presents an in-depth analysis of the current state of research on receptor tyrosine kinase regulatory non-coding RNAs (RTK-RNAs) in solid tumors. RTK-RNAs belong to a class of non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs) responsible for regulating the expression and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which play a critical role in cancer development and progression. The article explores the molecular mechanisms through which RTK-RNAs modulate RTK signaling pathways and highlights recent advancements in the field. This include the identification of potential new RTK-RNAs and development of therapeutic strategies targeting RTK-RNAs. While the review discusses promising results from a variety of studies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations, it is important to acknowledge the challenges and limitations associated with targeting RTK-RNAs for therapeutic applications. Further studies involving various cancer cell lines, animal models, and ultimately, patients are necessary to validate the efficacy of targeting RTK-RNAs. The specificity of ncRNAs in targeting cellular pathways grants them tremendous potential, but careful consideration is required to minimize off-target effects, the article additionally discusses the potential clinical applications of RTK-RNAs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In essence, by providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of RTK-RNAs in solid tumors, this review emphasizes their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer while acknowledging the associated challenges and limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysan Moeinafshar
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Shokrollahi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Masrour
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Behnam
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahand Tehrani Fateh
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Ghasemi
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pace A, Scirocchi F, Napoletano C, Zizzari IG, Po A, Megiorni F, Asquino A, Pontecorvi P, Rahimi H, Marchese C, Ferretti E, Nuti M, Rughetti A. Targeting FGFRs by pemigatinib induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest, cellular stress and upregulation of tumor suppressor microRNAs. J Transl Med 2023; 21:626. [PMID: 37715207 PMCID: PMC10504800 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family alterations are found in several cancers, indicating their importance as potential therapeutic targets. The FGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) pemigatinib has been introduced in the treatment of advanced cholangiocarcinoma and more recently for relapsed or refractory myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR2 and FGFR1 rearrangements, respectively. Several clinical trials are currently investigating the possible combination of pemigatinib with immunotherapy. In this study, we analyzed the biological and molecular effects of pemigatinib on different cancer cell models (lung, bladder, and gastric), which are currently objective of clinical trial investigations. METHODS NCI-H1581 lung, KATO III gastric and RT-112 bladder cancer cell lines were evaluated for FGFR expression by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Cell lines were treated with Pem and then characterized for cell proliferation, apoptosis, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induction of senescence. The expression of microRNAs with tumor suppressor functions was analyzed by qRT-PCR, while modulation of the proteins coded by their target genes was evaluated by Western blot and mRNA. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the various data and student's t test to compare the analysis of two groups. RESULTS Pemigatinib exposure triggered distinct signaling pathways and reduced the proliferative ability of all cancer cells, inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest and strong intracellular stress resulting in ROS production, senescence and apoptosis. Pemigatinib treatment also caused the upregulation of microRNAs (miR-133b, miR-139, miR-186, miR-195) with tumor suppressor functions, along with the downregulation of validated protein targets with oncogenic roles (c-Myc, c-MET, CDK6, EGFR). CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to clarifying the biological effects and molecular mechanisms mediated by the anti-FGFR TKI pemigatinib in distinct tumor settings and support its exploitation for combined therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Pace
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Scirocchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Asquino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Hassan Rahimi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, Cheng Q. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24673. [PMID: 36036748 PMCID: PMC9551129 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85%-90% of primary liver cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'UTR of mRNA. Abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of HCC, and miRNAs can also play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an essential regulatory role in HCC and have potential as biomarkers for HCC. We reviewed the literature to summarize these studies. RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we retrospected the roles of miRNAs in the development, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC, and put forward prospects for the further research on miRNAs in the precision treatment of HCC. CONCLUSION MicroRNAs are important regulators and biomarkers in the occurrence, progression, outcome, and treatment of HCC, and can provide new targets and strategies for improving the therapeutic effect of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
EGFR is a member of the ERBB family. It plays a significant role in cellular processes such as growth, survival and differentiation via the activation of various signaling pathways. EGFR deregulation is implicated in various human malignancies, and therefore EGFR has emerged as an attractive anticancer target. EGFR inhibition using strategies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies hinders cellular proliferation and promotes apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. EGFR inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been shown to be a better treatment option than chemotherapy for advanced-stage EGFR-driven non-small-cell lung cancer, yet de novo and acquired resistance limits the clinical benefit of these therapeutic molecules. This review discusses the cellular signaling pathways activated by EGFR. Further, current therapeutic strategies to target aberrant EGFR signaling in cancer and mechanisms of resistance to them are highlighted.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng T, Zhou Y, Xu X, Qi X, Liu J, Pu Y, Zhang S, Gao X, Luo X, Li M, Wang X, Dong L, Wang Y, Mao C. MiR-30c-5p loss-induced PELI1 accumulation regulates cell proliferation and migration via activating PI3K/AKT pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:20. [PMID: 34991623 PMCID: PMC8740468 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aberrant expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-1 (PELI1) contributes to several human cancer development and progression. However, its expression patterns and functional importance in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains unknown. Methods PELI1 expression profiles in PTC tissues were obtained and analyzed through the starBase v3.0 analysis. Real-time PCR, Immunohistochemical assays (IHC) and Western blot were used to investigate the mRNA and protein levels of PELI1 in PTC. The effects of PELI1 on PTC cell progression were evaluated through CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, and Wound healing assay in vitro, and a PTC xenograft mouse model in vivo. The downstream target signal of PELI1 in PTC was analyzed by using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and bioinformatics tools were used to identify potential miRNAs targeting PELI1. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were modified by miR-30c-5p and the miR-30c-5p containing extracellular vesicles were collected (miR-30c-5p-EVs) by ultra-high-speed centrifugation method. Then, the effects of miR-30c-5p-EVs on PELI1 expression and PTC progression were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Results Both mRNA and protein expression of PELI1 were widely increased in PTC tissues, and overexpression of PELI1 was positively correlated with bigger tumor size and lymph node metastases. PELI1 promoted PTC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. While, PELI1 silencing significantly suppressed PTC growth in vivo accompanied with reduced expression of Ki-67 and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2). Mechanistically, PI3K-AKT pathway was identified as the downstream target of PELI1, and mediated the functional influence of PELI1 in PTC cells. Moreover, we found that the expression of miR-30c-5p was inversely correlated with PELI1 in PTC samples and further confirmed that miR-30c-5p was a tumor-suppressive miRNA that directly targeted PELI1 to inhibit PTC cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we showed that miR-30c-5p-EVs could effectively downregulate PELI1 expression and suppress the PTC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion This study not only supported the first evidence that miR-30c-5p loss-induced PELI1 accumulation facilitated cell proliferation and migration by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway in PTC but also provided novel insights into PTC therapy based on miR-carrying-hUCMSC-EVs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03226-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxing Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated To Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiameng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Pu
- Department of Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinkai Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyang Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chaoming Mao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
D'Souza LC, Mishra S, Chakraborty A, Shekher A, Sharma A, Gupta SC. Oxidative Stress and Cancer Development: Are Noncoding RNAs the Missing Links? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1209-1229. [PMID: 31891666 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: It is now clear that genetic changes underlie the basis of cancer, and alterations in functions of multiple genes are responsible for the process of tumorigenesis. Besides the classical genes that are usually implicated in cancer, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as independent entitites has also been investigated. Recent Advances: The microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of ncRNAs, are known to regulate many aspects of tumor development. ROS, generated during oxidative stress and pathological conditions, are known to regulate every step of tumor development. Conversely, oxidative stress and ROS producing agents can suppress tumor development. The malignant cells normally produce high levels of ROS compared with normal cells. The interaction between ROS and ncRNAs regulates the expression of multiple genes and pathways implicated in cancer, suggesting a unique mechanistic relationship among ncRNA-ROS-cancer. The mechanistic relationship has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and malignancies of blood, breast, colorectum, esophagus, kidney, lung, mouth, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and stomach. The ncRNA-ROS regulate several cancer-related cell signaling pathways, namely, protein kinase B (AKT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β). Critical Issues: To date, most of the reports about ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis relationships are based on cell lines. The mechanistic basis for this relationship has not been completely elucidated. Future Directions: Attempts should be made to explore the association of lncRNAs with ROS. The significance of the ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis interplay should also be explored through studies in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Joo LJS, Weiss J, Gill AJ, Clifton-Bligh R, Brahmbhatt H, MacDiarmid JA, Gild ML, Robinson BG, Zhao JT, Sidhu SB. RET Kinase-Regulated MicroRNA-153-3p Improves Therapeutic Efficacy in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid 2019; 29:830-844. [PMID: 30929576 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) presents a disproportionate number of thyroid cancer deaths due to limited treatment options beyond surgery. Gain-of-function mutations of the human REarranged during Transfection (RET) proto-oncogene have been well-established as the key driver of MTC tumorigenesis. RET has been targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as cabozantinib and vandetanib. However, clinical results have been disappointing, with regular dose reductions and inevitable progression. This study aimed to identify RET-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and explore their potential as novel therapeutic targets. Methods: Small RNA sequencing was performed in MTC TT cells before and after RET inhibition to identify RET-regulated miRNAs of significance. In vitro gain-of-function studies were performed to investigate cellular and molecular effects of potential miRNAs on cell phenotypes. Systemic delivery of miRNA in MTC xenografts using EDV™ nanocells, targeted to epidermal growth factor receptor on tumor cells, was employed to assess the therapeutic potential and possible modulation of TKI responses. Results: The study demonstrates the tumor suppressive role of a specific RET-regulated miRNA, microRNA-153-3p (miR-153-3p), in MTC. Targeted intravenous delivery of miR-153-3p impeded the tumor growth in MTC xenografts. Furthermore, combined treatment with miR-153-3p plus cabozantinib caused greater growth inhibition and appeared to reverse cabozantinib resistance. Mechanistically, miR-153-3p targets ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1) of mTOR signaling and reduced downstream phosphorylation of Bcl-2 associated death promoter. Conclusion: This study provides evidence to establish systemic miRNA replacement plus TKIs as a novel therapeutic for patients with metastatic, progressive MTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Jin Suk Joo
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anthony J Gill
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- 4 NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- 5 Department of Endocrinology; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Matti L Gild
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 5 Department of Endocrinology; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruce G Robinson
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- 5 Department of Endocrinology; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- 1 Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- 6 University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit; Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ghidini M, Hahne JC, Frizziero M, Tomasello G, Trevisani F, Lampis A, Passalacqua R, Valeri N. MicroRNAs as Mediators of Resistance Mechanisms to Small-Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Solid Tumours. Target Oncol 2018; 13:423-436. [PMID: 30006826 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are widely expressed transmembrane proteins that act as receptors for growth factors and other extracellular signalling molecules. Upon ligand binding, RTKs activate intracellular signalling cascades, and as such are involved in a broad variety of cellular functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and survival under physiological as well as pathological conditions. Aberrant RTK activation can lead to benign proliferative conditions as well as to various forms of cancer. Indeed, more than 70% of the known oncogene and proto-oncogene transcripts involved in cancer code for RTKs. Consequently, these receptors are broadly studied as targets in the treatment of different tumours, and a large variety of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are approved for therapy. In most cases, patients develop resistance to the TKIs within a short time. MicroRNAs are short (18-22 nucleotides) non-protein-coding RNAs that fine-tune cell homeostasis by controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Deregulation of microRNAs is common in many cancers, and increasing evidence exists for an important role of microRNAs in the development of resistance to therapies, including TKIs. In this review we focus on the role of microRNAs in mediating resistance to small-molecule TKIs in solid tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ghidini
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Jens C Hahne
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Melissa Frizziero
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gianluca Tomasello
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Francesco Trevisani
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lampis
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rodolfo Passalacqua
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Canu V, Sacconi A, Lorenzon L, Biagioni F, Lo Sardo F, Diodoro MG, Muti P, Garofalo A, Strano S, D'Errico A, Grazi GL, Cioce M, Blandino G. MiR-204 down-regulation elicited perturbation of a gene target signature common to human cholangiocarcinoma and gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29540-29557. [PMID: 28199974 PMCID: PMC5444686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims There is high need of novel diagnostic and prognostic tools for tumors of the digestive system, such as gastric cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. We recently found that miR-204 was deeply downregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Here we investigated whether this was common to other tumors of the digestive system and whether this elicited a miR-204-dependent gene target signature, diagnostically and therapeutically relevant. Finally, we assessed the contribution of the identified target genes to the cell cycle progression and clonogenicity of gastric cancer and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Methods We employed quantitative PCR and Affymetrix profiling for gene expression studies. In silico analysis aided us to identifying a miR-204 target signature in publicly available databases (TGCA). We employed transient transfection experiments, clonogenic assays and cell cycle profiling to evaluate the biological consequences of miR-204 perturbation. Results We identified a novel miR-204 gene target signature perturbed in gastric cancer and in cholangiocarcinoma specimens. We validated its prognostic relevance and mechanistically addressed its biological relevance in GC and CC cell lines. Conclusions We suggest that restoring the physiological levels of miR-204 in some gastrointestinal cancers might be exploited therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Canu
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Lorenzon
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Surgical and Medical Department of Clinical Sciences, Biomedical Technologies and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Sardo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alfredo Garofalo
- HepatoBiliary Pancreatic Surgery, 'Regina Elena' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta D'Errico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- HepatoBiliary Pancreatic Surgery, 'Regina Elena' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cioce
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang H, Guo X, Feng X, Wang T, Hu Z, Que X, Tian Q, Zhu T, Guo G, Huang W, Li X. MiRNA-543 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation and glycolysis by partially suppressing PRMT9 and stabilizing HIF-1α protein. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2342-2355. [PMID: 27911265 PMCID: PMC5356804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor, occurring frequently in adolescents and possessing a high malignant severity. MicroRNAs play critical roles during OS development. Thus, elucidation of the involvement of specific microRNAs in the development of OS may provide novel therapeutic targets for OS treatment. Here, we showed that in the OS specimens from patients, the levels of miR-543 were significantly increased whereas the levels of PRMT9 were significantly decreased, compared to the paired normal bone tissue. Moreover, miR-543 and PRMT9 inversely correlated in the OS cell lines. Bioinformatics analyses predicted that miR-543 may target the 3'-UTR of PRMT9 mRNA to inhibit its translation, which was confirmed by luciferase-reporter assay. MiR-543 promoted OS cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-543 inhibited PRMT9-enhanced cell oxidative phosphorylation, while miR-543 depletion promoted PRMT9-increased HIF-1α instability and inhibited glycolysis in OS cells. Clinically, miR-543 expression was negatively correlated with PRMT9 expression in OS tissues. Together, our data provide important evidence for glycolysis in OS development, and suggest that targeting glycolytic pathway through miR-543/PRMT9/HIF-1α axis may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to eradicate OS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohua Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangyong Que
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Qingsong Tian
- Department of Medicine, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Tianbo Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Guixian Guo
- Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play an important role in a variety of cellular processes including growth, motility, differentiation, and metabolism. As such, dysregulation of RTK signaling leads to an assortment of human diseases, most notably, cancers. Recent large-scale genomic studies have revealed the presence of various alterations in the genes encoding RTKs such as EGFR, HER2/ErbB2, and MET, amongst many others. Abnormal RTK activation in human cancers is mediated by four principal mechanisms: gain-of-function mutations, genomic amplification, chromosomal rearrangements, and / or autocrine activation. In this manuscript, we review the processes whereby RTKs are activated under normal physiological conditions and discuss several mechanisms whereby RTKs can be aberrantly activated in human cancers. Understanding of these mechanisms has important implications for selection of anti-cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfang Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Muti P, Donzelli S, Sacconi A, Hossain A, Ganci F, Frixa T, Sieri S, Krogh V, Berrino F, Biagioni F, Strano S, Beyene J, Yarden Y, Blandino G. MiRNA-513a-5p inhibits progesterone receptor expression and constitutes a risk factor for breast cancer: the hOrmone and Diet in the ETiology of breast cancer prospective study. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:98-108. [PMID: 29126102 PMCID: PMC6454510 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) might be considered both predictors and players of cancer development. The aim of the present report was to investigate whether many years before the diagnosis of breast cancer miRNA expression is already disregulated. In order to test this hypothesis, we compared miRNAs extracted from leukocytes in healthy women who later developed breast cancer and in women who remain healthy during the whole 15-year follow-up time. Accordantly, we used a case-control study design nested in the hOrmone and Diet in the ETiology of breast cancer (ORDET) prospective cohort study addressing the possibility that miRNAs can serve as both early biomarkers and components of the hormonal etiological pathways leading to breast cancer development in premenopausal women. We compared leukocyte miRNA profiles of 191 incident premenopausal breast cancer cases and profiles of 191 women who remained healthy over a follow-up period of 20 years. The analysis identified 20 differentially expressed miRNAs in women candidate to develop breast cancer versus control women. The upregulated miRNAs, miR-513-a-5p, miR-513b-5p and miR-513c-5p were among the most significantly deregulated miRNAs. In multivariate analysis, miR-513a-5p upregulation was directly and statistically significant associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.08-2.64; P = 0.0293). In addition, the upregulation of miR-513-a-5p displayed the strongest direct association with serum progesterone and testosterone levels. The experimental data corroborated the inhibitory function of miR-513a-5p on progesterone receptor expression confirming that progesterone receptor is a target of miR-513a-5p. The identification of upregulated miR-513a-5p with its oncogenic potential further validates the use of miRNAs as long-term biomarker of breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Frixa
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Joseph Beyene
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma Y, Xu P, Mi Y, Wang W, Pan X, Wu X, He Q, Liu H, Tang W, An H. Plasma MiRNA alterations between NSCLC patients harboring Del19 and L858R EGFR mutations. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54965-54972. [PMID: 27463019 PMCID: PMC5342394 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on recognition of driver mutations, treatment paradigm for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has been shifted. However, recently exon 19 deletion mutation (del19) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clearly shows better clinical benefit over single-point substitution mutation L858R in exon 21 (L858R). The aim of this study was to investigate the difference by analyzing the expression of plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) of NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation del19 or L858R. MiRNA microarray of plasma from patients' blood identified 79 mapped, network-eligible miRNAs (fold > 5), of which 76 were up regulated and 3 were down regulated. Genetic network was performed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Among analysis, MYC, Argonaute2 (AGO2), Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1), cyclin E1 (CCNE1) were involved in organismal abnormalities and cancer. Our findings provide information on the epigenetic signature of the two major sensitive mutations among NSCLC and add to the understanding of mechanisms underlying the different outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Ma
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Peiqi Xu
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanjun Mi
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Qi He
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Hongming Liu
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Hanxiang An
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee H, Tak H, Park SJ, Jo YK, Cho DH, Lee EK. microRNA-200a-3p enhances mitochondrial elongation by targeting mitochondrial fission factor. BMB Rep 2018; 50:214-219. [PMID: 28148392 PMCID: PMC5437966 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.4.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play pivotal roles in the ATP production, apoptosis and generation of reactive oxygen species. Although dynamic regulation of mitochondria morphology is a critical step to maintain cellular homeostasis, the regulatory mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we identified miR-200a-3p as a novel regulator of mitochondrial dynamics by targeting mitochondrial fission factor (MFF). We demonstrated that the ectopic expression of miR-200a-3p enhanced mitochondrial elongation, mitochondrial ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption rate. These results indicate that miR-200a-3p positively regulates mitochondrial elongation by downregulating MFF expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Hyosun Tak
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jo
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Cho
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen K, Liu MX, Mak CSL, Yung MMH, Leung THY, Xu D, Ngu SF, Chan KKL, Yang H, Ngan HYS, Chan DW. Methylation-associated silencing of miR-193a-3p promotes ovarian cancer aggressiveness by targeting GRB7 and MAPK/ERK pathways. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:423-436. [PMID: 29290818 PMCID: PMC5743558 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human growth factor receptor-bound protein-7 (GRB7) is a pivotal mediator involved in receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and governing diverse cellular processes. Aberrant upregulation of GRB7 is frequently associated with the progression of human cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to the upregulation of GRB7 remain largely unknown. Here, we propose that the epigenetic modification of GRB7 at the post-transcriptional level may be a crucial factor leading to GRB7 upregulation in ovarian cancers. Methods: The upstream miRNA regulators were predicted by in silico analysis. Expression of GRB7 was examined by qPCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analyses, while miR-193a-3p levels were evaluated by qPCR and in situ hybridization in ovarian cancer cell lines and clinical tissue arrays. MS-PCR and pyrosequencing analyses were used to assess the methylation status of miR-193a-3p. Stable overexpression or gene knockdown and Tet-on inducible approaches, in combination with in vitro and in vivo tumorigenic assays, were employed to investigate the functions of GRB7 and miR-193a-3p in ovarian cancer cells. Results: Both miR-193a-3p and its isoform, miR-193b-3p, directly targeted the 3' UTR of GRB7. However, only miR-193a-3p showed a significantly inverse correlation with GRB7-upregulated ovarian cancers. Epigenetic studies revealed that methylation-mediated silencing of miR-193a-3p led to a stepwise decrease in miR-193a-3p expression from low to high-grade ovarian cancers. Intriguingly, miR-193a-3p not only modulated GRB7 but also ERBB4, SOS2 and KRAS in the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway to enhance the oncogenic properties of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: These findings suggest that epigenetic silencing of miR-193a-3p by DNA hypermethylation is a dynamic process in ovarian cancer progression, and miR-193a-3p may be explored as a promising miRNA replacement therapy in this disease.
Collapse
|
17
|
MicroRNA-139 inhibits the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells via targeting forkhead-box P2. Life Sci 2017; 191:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
18
|
Ma Y, Pan X, Xu P, Mi Y, Wang W, Wu X, He Q, Liu X, Tang W, An HX. Plasma microRNA alterations between EGFR-activating mutational NSCLC patients with and without primary resistance to TKI. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88529-88536. [PMID: 29179454 PMCID: PMC5687624 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have obtained excellent therapeutic effects against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating EGFR mutations. However, some patients have exhibited primary resistance which becomes a major obstacle in effective treatment of NSCLC. The mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs resistance involved are still poorly understood. Many studies suggest that miRNAs play an important role in regulating drug sensitivity of EGFR-TKIs. The aim of the present study was to examine differentially expressed miRNAs in plasma between EGFR-TKIs sensitive and EGFR-TKIs primary resistance patients. MiRNA microarray of plasma from patients' blood identified 16 differentially expressed miRNAs of which 15 (hsv2-miR-H19, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-3153, hsa-miR-4791, hsa-miR-4803, hsa-miR-4796-3p, hsa-miR-372-5p, hsa-miR-138-2-3p, hsa-miR-16-1-3p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-585-3p, ebv-miR-BART14-5p, hsa-miR-769-3p, hsa-miR-548aq-5p) were down regulated while only hsa-miR-503-3p was up regulated in primary resistant patients' plasma. Volcano plot and hierarchical clustering were performed to examine the accuracy of the miRNAs. Then validation with quantitative real-time PCR was performed and the result was in accordance with the array data. Functional analysis of these differentially expressed miRNAs with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed a common signaling network including MYC, CCND1, IGF1 and RELA. In conclusion, our finding may play important role in understanding the mechanisms underlying the problem and should be further evaluated as potential biomarkers in primary resistance of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Ma
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Linyi Cancer Hospital, 276000 Shandong, China
| | - Peiqi Xu
- Reproduction Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650101 Yunnan, China
| | - Yanjun Mi
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Qi He
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| | - Han-Xiang An
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003 Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pulito C, Mori F, Sacconi A, Goeman F, Ferraiuolo M, Pasanisi P, Campagnoli C, Berrino F, Fanciulli M, Ford RJ, Levrero M, Pediconi N, Ciuffreda L, Milella M, Steinberg GR, Cioce M, Muti P, Strano S, Blandino G. Metformin-induced ablation of microRNA 21-5p releases Sestrin-1 and CAB39L antitumoral activities. Cell Discov 2017; 3:17022. [PMID: 28698800 PMCID: PMC5501975 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a commonly prescribed type II diabetes medication that exhibits promising anticancer effects. Recently, these effects were found to be associated, at least in part, with a modulation of microRNA expression. However, the mechanisms by which single modulated microRNAs mediate the anticancer effects of metformin are not entirely clear and knowledge of such a process could be vital to maximize the potential therapeutic benefits of this safe and well-tolerated therapy. Our analysis here revealed that the expression of miR-21-5p was downregulated in multiple breast cancer cell lines treated with pharmacologically relevant doses of metformin. Interestingly, the inhibition of miR-21-5p following metformin treatment was also observed in mouse breast cancer xenografts and in sera from 96 breast cancer patients. This modulation occurred at the levels of both pri-miR-21 and pre-miR-21, suggesting transcriptional modulation. Antagomir-mediated ablation of miR-21-5p phenocopied the effects of metformin on both the clonogenicity and migration of the treated cells, while ectopic expression of miR-21-5p had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, this reduction in miR-21-5p enhanced the expression of critical upstream activators of the AMP-activated protein kinase, calcium-binding protein 39-like and Sestrin-1, leading to AMP-activated protein kinase activation and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. Importantly, these effects of metformin were synergistic with those of everolimus, a clinically relevant mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, and were independent of the phosphatase and tensin homolog status. This highlights the potential relevance of metformin in combinatorial settings for the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pulito
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Mori
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ferraiuolo
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Department of Preventive & Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Campagnoli
- Unit of Endocrinological Gynecology, Ospedale Sant’Anna di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Department of Preventive & Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rebecca J Ford
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Massimo Levrero
- Epigénétique et Épigénomique des Carcinomes Hépathocellulaires Viro-Induits du Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Natalia Pediconi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- Division of Medical Oncology A, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Division of Medical Oncology A, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario Cioce
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ling H, Girnita L, Buda O, Calin GA. Non-coding RNAs: the cancer genome dark matter that matters! Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:705-714. [PMID: 27988500 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein-coding genes comprise only 3% of the human genome, while the genes that are transcribed into RNAs but do not code for proteins occupy majority of the genome. Once considered as biological darker matter, non-coding RNAs are now being recognized as critical regulators in cancer genome. Among the many types of non-coding RNAs, microRNAs approximately 20 nucleotides in length are best characterized and their mechanisms of action are well generalized. microRNA exerts oncogenic or tumor suppressor function by regulation of protein-coding genes via sequence complementarity. The expression of microRNA is aberrantly regulated in all cancer types, and both academia and biotech companies have been keenly pursuing the potential of microRNA as cancer biomarker for early detection, prognosis, and therapeutic response. The key involvement of microRNAs in cancer also prompted interest on exploration of therapeutic values of microRNAs as anticancer drugs and drug targets. MRX34, a liposome-formulated miRNA-34 mimic, developed by Mirna Therapeutics, becomes the first microRNA therapeutic entering clinical trial for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. In this review, we presented a general overview of microRNAs in cancer biology, the potential of microRNAs as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and associated challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ling
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Leonard Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm
| | - Octavian Buda
- History of Medicine Department, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Blvd. Eroii Sanitari, Bucharest
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Polymorphism in MIR4697 but not VPS13C, GCH1, or SIPA1L2 is associated with risk of Parkinson's disease in a Han Chinese population. Neurosci Lett 2017; 650:8-11. [PMID: 28380328 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A large meta-analysis recently identified six new loci associated with risk of PD, but subsequent studies have given discrepant results. Here we conducted a case-control study in a Han Chinese population in an attempt to clarify risk associations in Chinese. Among the four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that we examined - VPS13C-rs2414739, MIR4697-rs329648, GCH1-rs11158026, and SIPA1L2- rs10797576 we detected a significant association between rs329648 and risk of developing PD in a recessive model. This association remained significant after adjusting for gender and age (OR 1.87, 95%CI 1.295-2.694, p=8.21×10-4) or Bonferroni correction. The T allele of rs329648 occurred significantly more frequently among patients with PD than among healthy controls (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.033-1.443, p=0.02), while there was no statistic significant after Bonferroni correction. Subgroup analysis showed a significant association specifically among males in a recessive model (OR 1.943, 95%CI 1.200-3.147, p=0.007). In contrast, genotye and allele frequencies at rs329648 did not differ significantly between female patients with PD and healthy female controls, or between patients with early-onset or late-onset PD. Our results suggest that rs329648 is associated with risk of developing PD in the Han Chinese population. Our findings should be verified in further studies, and they highlight the need for functional studies of MIR4697.
Collapse
|
22
|
Neirinckx V, Hedman H, Niclou SP. Harnessing LRIG1-mediated inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:109-116. [PMID: 28259645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains containing protein 1 (LRIG1) is an endogenous feedback regulator of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and was recently shown to inhibit growth of different types of malignancies. Additionally, this multifaceted RTK inhibitor was reported to be a tumor suppressor, a stem cell regulator, and a modulator of different cellular phenotypes. This mini-review provides a concise and up-to-date summary about the known functions of LRIG1 and its related family members, with a special emphasis on underlying molecular mechanisms and the opportunities for harnessing its therapeutic potential against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Neirinckx
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526, Luxembourg
| | - Hakan Hedman
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Simone P Niclou
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526, Luxembourg; K.G. Jebsen Brain Tumour Research Centre, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao Q, Liu H, Yao C, Shuai J, Sun X. Effect of Dynamic Interaction between microRNA and Transcription Factor on Gene Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2676282. [PMID: 27957492 PMCID: PMC5121577 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2676282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs which participate in diverse biological processes in animals and plants. They are known to join together with transcription factors and downstream gene, forming a complex and highly interconnected regulatory network. To recognize a few overrepresented motifs which are expected to perform important elementary regulatory functions, we constructed a computational model of miRNA-mediated feedforward loops (FFLs) in which a transcription factor (TF) regulates miRNA and targets gene. Based on the different dynamic interactions between miRNA and TF on gene expression, four possible structural topologies of FFLs with two gate functions (AND gate and OR gate) are introduced. We studied the dynamic behaviors of these different motifs. Furthermore, the relationship between the response time and maximal activation velocity of miRNA was investigated. We found that the curve of response time shows nonmonotonic behavior in Co1 loop with OR gate. This may help us to infer the mechanism of miRNA binding to the promoter region. At last we investigated the influence of important parameters on the dynamic response of system. We identified that the stationary levels of target gene in all loops were insensitive to the initial value of miRNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Physics, College of Physics Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- School of Mathematics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110036, China
- School of life science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Chenggui Yao
- Department of Mathematics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jianwei Shuai
- Department of Physics, College of Physics Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- School of Mathematical and Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Deng HY, Wang YC, Ni PZ, Lin YD, Chen LQ. Long noncoding RNAs are novel potential prognostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: an overview. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:E653-9. [PMID: 27621894 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.07.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still has a poor prognosis. The prognostic biomarkers of ESCC are not yet well established. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been intensively investigated in various cancers including ESCC, and are found to be closely correlated to ESCC. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs was widely observed in ESCC tumor tissue and was closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression of ESCC. More and more studies have found that lncRNAs were significantly correlated with the prognosis and diagnosis of patients with ESCC. Therefore, all those accumulating evidence indicated that lncRNAs could serve as a prognostic biomarker of ESCC. In this, we summarized the relation between lncRNAs and ESCC as well as the potential biomarker role of lncRNAs in ESCC, especially the prognostic value of lncRNAs. Our current review highlighted the need of further studies to explore the biomarker functions as well as therapeutic values of lncRNAs in ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yun-Cang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng-Zhi Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi-Dan Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Increased Serum Level of MicroRNA-663 Is Correlated with Poor Prognosis of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:7648215. [PMID: 27667893 PMCID: PMC5030438 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7648215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) play crucial roles in the carcinogenesis and malignant progression of human cancers including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of serum miR-663 levels with the clinical factors and prognosis of NPC patients. Real-time PCR was performed to examine the amount of miR-663 in serum in NPC patients and healthy controls. Our data showed that the amount of miR-663 in serum was significantly higher in NPC patients than in healthy controls. Moreover, the serum levels of miR-663 were significantly correlated with the grade, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage of NPC. Furthermore, higher serum miR-663 levels were closely associated with worse 5-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with NPC, and the serum level of miR-663 was found to be an independent predicator for the prognosis of NPC. In addition, after receiving chemoradiotherapy, the serum levels of miR-663 were significantly reduced in NPC patients. In summary, miR-663 was upregulated in the serum of NPC patients, which was downregulated after chemoradiotherapy, and its increased levels were closely associated with malignant progression and poor prognosis in NPC patients. Therefore, the amount of miR-663 in serum may become a potential predicator for the clinical outcome of NPC patients.
Collapse
|