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Pusty K, Kumar Dash K, Giri S, Raj GVSB, Tiwari A, Shaikh AM, Béla K. Ultrasound assisted phytochemical extraction of red cabbage by using deep eutectic solvent: Modelling using ANFIS and optimization by genetic algorithms. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106762. [PMID: 38211496 PMCID: PMC10825368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation studied the effect of process parameters on the extraction of phytochemicals from red cabbage by the application of ultrasonication and temperature. The solvent selected for the study was deep eutectic solvent (DES) prepared by choline chloride and citric acid. The ultrasound assisted extraction process was modeled using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) algorithm and integrated with the genetic algorithm for optimization purposes. The independent variables that influenced the responses (total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin activity, and total flavonoid content) were ultrasonication power, temperature, molar ratio of DES, and water content of DES. Each ANFIS model was formed by the training of three Gaussian-type membership functions (MF) for each input, trained by a hybrid algorithm with 500 epochs and linear type MF for output MF. The ANFIS model predicted each response close to the experimental data which is evident by the statistical parameters (R2>0.953 and RMSE <1.165). The integrated hybrid ANFIS-GA algorithm predicted the optimized condition for the process parameters of ultrasound assisted extraction of phytochemicals from red cabbage was found to be 252.114 W for ultrasonication power, 52.715 °C of temperature, 2.0677:1 of molar ratio of DES and 25.947 % of water content in DES solvent with maximum extraction content of responses, with fitness value 3.352. The relative deviation between the experimental and ANFIS predicted values for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin activity, and total flavonoid content was found to be 1.849 %, 3.495 %, 2.801 %, and 4.661 % respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Pusty
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India.
| | - Souvik Giri
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - G V S Bhagya Raj
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajita Tiwari
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Ayaz Mukarram Shaikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
| | - Kovács Béla
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
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2
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Qin G, Zhang F, Ren M, Chen X, Liu C, Li G, Gao Q, Qiao L, Jiang Y, Zhu L, Guo Y, Wang G. Eco-friendly and efficient extraction of polyphenols from Ligustrum robustum by deep eutectic solvent assisted ultrasound. Food Chem 2023; 429:136828. [PMID: 37478601 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
An eco-friendly and efficient extraction method using deep eutectic solvents assisted ultrasound extraction (DESs-UAE) for the polyphenols from Ligustrum robustum was developed. Among the 34 kinds of DESs prepared, tetraethyl ammonium bromide: 1,2,4-butanol (Teab: 1,2,4-But) was proved to be a suitable extraction solvent based on the extraction efficiency. The extraction parameters including temperature, water content, liquid-solid ratio were optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimal conditions, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were 101.46 ± 2.96 mg GAE/g DW and 264.17 ± 5.39 mg RE/g DW, respectively. Furthermore, the extraction mechanism of DESs-UAE was investigated by extraction kinetics, molecular dynamic simulation and theory calculations of interaction. In particular, 9 kinds of polyphenols compounds from Ligustrum robustum were firstly identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Moreover, the recovered polyphenols exhibited significant antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Mengdie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Yongmei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610000, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China.
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3
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Miao W, Wang T, Ravindra AV, Huang W, Hu J, Xv H, Le T, Zhang L. Effect and mechanism of ultrasound on acid loading in the preparation of silicon-based sulfonic solid acids. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106689. [PMID: 37976567 PMCID: PMC10692911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based sulfonic solid acids have the advantages of high catalytic activity and selectivity, easy separation from products, low equipment corrosion, and environmental protection, and sulfuric acid loading is the key to their preparation. To overcome the shortcomings of low acid loading and uneven distribution in the existing preparation methods of micron-sized silicon-based sulfonic solid acids, a method was proposed to prepare micron-sized silicon-based sulfonic solid acids using ultrasonic enhanced technology. The effect of different reaction parameters, such as time, power, and temperature of ultrasonication, sulfonation temperature and time, and sulfuric acid concentration, on acid loading in solid acid was investigated in this work. The results showed that a micron-sized mesoporous silica-based solid acid was successfully synthesized with a high acid content of 0.8633 mmol/g, uniform acid distribution, high specific surface area of 269.332 m2/g, and large average particle size of 172.142 μm in this work. The introduction of ultrasound was found to expand the carrier's pore volume and increase the carrier's specific surface area and the number of hydroxyl groups, thereby increasing the acid loading capacity and the specific surface area of the solid acid sample by 66.6 % and 10.97 % respectively, compared with the case without ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Miao
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - A V Ravindra
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Weichao Huang
- China Rare Earth (Guangxi) Jinyuan Rare Earth New Materials Co., Ltd., Hezhou, 542603, China
| | - Jue Hu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Haoran Xv
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Thiquynhxuan Le
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
| | - Libo Zhang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
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Teke GM, De Vos L, Smith I, Kleyn T, Mapholi Z. Development of an ultrasound-assisted pre-treatment strategy for the extraction of D-Limonene toward the production of bioethanol from citrus peel waste (CPW). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1627-1637. [PMID: 37740746 PMCID: PMC10615952 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02924-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Citrus is one of the world's most abundant fruits containing vitamins, pigments, and fragrances, making it vital for several industries. However, these fruits contain about 45-50% residues (peels), which often end up as waste and can be harmful to the environment if not properly treated. Bioethanol production from citrus peel waste offers a potential solution to this problem. Hence, this study explores the potential of using ultrasound-assisted pre-treatment method as a novel strategy to extract D-Limonene (essential oil in the residue), and further demonstrates bioethanol production. This was done by investigating ultrasonication's optimal effect on pre-treatment of the citrus residue, followed by bioethanol production. The results show that, optimum values for D-Limonene extraction were obtained at a temperature of 14.6 °C and an ultrasound intensity of 25.81 W/cm2 with a validation yield of 134 ± 4.24 mg/100 g dry CPW. With optimal ultrasonic parameters, the study went further to demonstrate the effect of the essential oil on bioethanol production which is hindered by the oils present. Key findings show better bioethanol yield once the essential oil was extracted (treated) from the citrus waste as opposed to it not extracted (untreated), with a 66 and a 29% increase when comparing simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and sequential hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) respectively. Based on this result, ultrasound-assisted extraction as a pretreatment method was found suitable for bioethanol production from citrus residue and could be utilized as a biorefinery pre-treatment approach to scale bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mbella Teke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Liza De Vos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Isle Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Tamryn Kleyn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Zwonaka Mapholi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
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Islam M, Malakar S, Rao MV, Kumar N, Sahu JK. Recent advancement in ultrasound-assisted novel technologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal plants: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1763-1782. [PMID: 37781053 PMCID: PMC10541372 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal plants comprise potent bioactives, and they have a potential for the development of functional foods. Ultrasonication technology can be used to enhance the efficiency and quality of these bioactivities. The present review discussed the ultrasound-assisted novel extraction technologies (supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) and high pressurized liquid), including mechanistic understanding, influencing factors, extract process efficiency, and the recovery of bioactives with an industrial perspective. The strong observations of this study are the novel ultrasound-induced extraction process variables, such as ultrasound amplitude, sonication time, temperature, solid-solvent ratio, and pressure, are significantly influenced and must be optimized for maximum recovery of bioactives. The novel green technologies (ultrasound and assisted) could remarkably improve the extraction efficiency and enhance the quality of green extract. This review will support technological understanding about the impact on process parameters for the extraction of bioactives for the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makdud Islam
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Haryana, 131028 India
| | - Santanu Malakar
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Haryana, 131028 India
| | - Madaraboina Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh India 522213
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Haryana, 131028 India
| | - Jatindra K. Sahu
- Food Customization Research Lab, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi New Delhi, India
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6
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Zadeike D, Degutyte R. Recent Advances in Acoustic Technology in Food Processing. Foods 2023; 12:3365. [PMID: 37761074 PMCID: PMC10530031 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of food industry technologies and increasing the sustainability and effectiveness of processing comprise some of the relevant objectives of EU policy. Furthermore, advances in the development of innovative non-thermal technologies can meet consumers' demand for high-quality, safe, nutritious, and minimally processed foods. Acoustic technology is characterized as environmentally friendly and is considered an alternative method due to its sustainability and economic efficiency. This technology provides advantages such as the intensification of processes, increasing the efficiency of processes and eliminating inefficient ones, improving product quality, maintaining the product's texture, organoleptic properties, and nutritional value, and ensuring the microbiological safety of the product. This review summarizes some important applications of acoustic technology in food processing, from monitoring the safety of raw materials and products, intensifying bioprocesses, increasing the effectiveness of the extraction of valuable food components, modifying food polymers' texture and technological properties, to developing biodegradable biopolymer-based composites and materials for food packaging, along with the advantages and challenges of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiva Zadeike
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Ruiz-Domínguez MC, Robles M, Martín L, Beltrán Á, Gava R, Cuaresma M, Navarro F, Vílchez C. Ultrasound-Based Recovery of Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Extracts of the Acidophilic Microalga Coccomyxa onubensis. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:471. [PMID: 37755084 PMCID: PMC10532798 DOI: 10.3390/md21090471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the recovery of valuable molecules of proven anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the acidophilic microalga Coccomyxa onubensis (C. onubensis) were evaluated using green technologies based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Using a factorial design (3 × 2) based on response surface methodology and Pareto charts, two types of ultrasonic equipment (bath and probe) were evaluated to recover valuable compounds, including the major terpenoid of C. onubensis, lutein, and the antimicrobial activity of the microalgal extracts obtained under optimal ultrasound conditions (desirability function) was evaluated versus conventional extraction. Significant differences in lutein recovery were observed between ultrasonic bath and ultrasonic probe and conventional extraction. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity displayed by C. onubensis UAE-based extracts was greater than that obtained in solvent-based extracts, highlighting the effects of the extracts against pathogens such as Enterococcus hirae and Bacillus subtilis, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to detect valuable anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial biomolecules present in the optimal C. onubensis extracts, which revealed that phytol, sterol-like, terpenoid, and even fatty acid structures could also be responsible for the antibacterial activities of the extracts. Moreover, UAE displayed a positive effect on the recovery of valuable molecules, improving biocidal effects. Our study results facilitate the use of green technology as a good tool in algal bioprocess engineering, improving energy consumption and minimizing environmental impacts and process costs, as well as provide a valuable product for applications in the field of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Carmen Ruiz-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Microencapsulación de Compuestos Bioactivos (LAMICBA), Departamento de Ciencias de los Alimentos y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
| | - María Robles
- Algal Biotechnology, CIDERTA-RENSMA, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.R.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Lidia Martín
- Algal Biotechnology, CIDERTA-RENSMA, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.R.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Álvaro Beltrán
- Bioplagen S.L., Av. Castilleja de la Cuesta, 20-22, Bollullos de la Mitación, 41110 Seville, Spain; (Á.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Riccardo Gava
- Bioplagen S.L., Av. Castilleja de la Cuesta, 20-22, Bollullos de la Mitación, 41110 Seville, Spain; (Á.B.); (R.G.)
| | - María Cuaresma
- Algal Biotechnology, CIDERTA-RENSMA, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.R.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Francisco Navarro
- Cell Alterations by Exogenous Agents, RENSMA, Department of Integrated Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Carlos Vílchez
- Algal Biotechnology, CIDERTA-RENSMA, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.R.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
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Dynamics of composition, structure, and metabolism of three energy substances in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) during germination. Food Chem 2023; 410:135344. [PMID: 36610092 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The composition and structure changes of three energy substances (protein, lipid, and sugar) and minerals during flaxseed germination were investigated. Na, Ca, Fe, and total free amino acids fluctuating increased and peaked at 7 d. Oil and ɑ-linolenic acid contents increased initially and reached the maximal increment by 14.8 % and 1.4 % (p < 0.05) at 2 d, after which it declined. Soluble sugar mainly consisted of sucrose (50.47 %-72.77 %), glucose, and fructose during germination. Semi-cylindrical depression was enhanced on flaxseed granule surface, and oil bodies distribution from relatively uniform toward cell wall during 0-2 d. Protein order and stability were varied firstly, then grew steadily at 4-7 d and peaked at 7 d. Metabolic sequence (sugar, protein, and lipid) and related tricarboxylic acid pathway were proposed. Conclusively, germinated flaxseed at 2 and 4 d had higher physicochemical and structural properties, which could serve as high-quality resources for lipid and protein processing respectively.
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Zhang D, Duan X, Sun H. Phospholipidomics and quantum chemistry calculation unravel the changes in phospholipid molecules of flaxseed oil during roasting. Food Chem 2023; 404:134579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Girotto F, Esposito M, Piazza L. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.): Part 2. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:924-932. [PMID: 36067350 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oilseed-matrix consolidation is a crucial factor when talking about oil expression because, as the cake consolidates, the coefficient of permeability inevitably decreases. Thus, any treatment that extensively ruptures cell walls reduces rigidity and hardness of the oilseed press-cake, while improving the oil expression. Such process intensification was investigated in the present study through the introduction of the ultrasound (US) technology. Screw pressing of Cannabis sativa L. seeds was operated using a pilot scale equipment set at three different pressures (low, medium and high) to understand the correlation with the ultrasound effectiveness. Samples of non-exhausted press-cakes were tested for objective instrumental indices of compressibility and oil expression yields prior and after the US treatment. RESULTS US led to a drag resistance reduction within press-cakes, improving oil flowability through a decrease in the material cohesiveness and adhesiveness. Consistently, sonication favoured oil extraction yields and oil antioxidant capacities, which increased with respect to the untreated samples, respectively equal to +19.2% and + 29.4% for the press-cake screwed at low pressure, to +21.8% and + 49.3% at medium pressure, and to +15.4% and + 0.5% at high pressure. Overall, US highest effectiveness was accounted for samples screwed at medium pressure. CONCLUSION Press-cake compressibility can be well described by macroscopic texture parameters; indeed, their decrease is linked to higher oil expression efficiencies. Sonication can help boosting oil extraction yields reducing drag resistance within the mechanical screwing equipment. These outcomes offer good potentials for US application in the hempseed technology and, more extensively, in the oil seed industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Girotto
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marilena Esposito
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Piazza
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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11
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Jadhav HB, Raina I, Gogate PR, Annapure US, Casanova F. Sonication as a Promising Technology for the Extraction of Triacylglycerols from Fruit Seeds—A Review. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Mevada JS, Rajput YN, Chowdhary S, Kokane S, Dias F, Doke RB, Kulkarni RD, Pratap AP, Pandit AB. Large scale strategy for the extraction of oil from sesame seed: scalable approach. Chem Ind 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yogeshsing N. Rajput
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Shaziya Chowdhary
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Shirley Kokane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Faith Dias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ranjeet B. Doke
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ravindra D. Kulkarni
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit P. Pratap
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Aniruddha B. Pandit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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13
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Kumar N, Kumar G, Prabhakar PK, Sahu JK, Naik S. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from giloy (
Tinospora cordifolia
) stem: Quantitative process optimization and bioactives analysis. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Haryana India
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Haryana India
| | - Pramod K Prabhakar
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Sonipat India
| | - Jatindra K Sahu
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Satyanarayan Naik
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
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14
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Tang SL, Hii SL, Koh CC. Process Optimisation of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Oligosaccharides from Coconut Husk. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:9427831. [PMID: 37096240 PMCID: PMC10122602 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9427831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A fractional factorial design was used to investigate the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oligosaccharides from coconut husk, an agroindustry by-product. The effects of five key influencing parameters (X 1, incubation temperature; X 2, extraction duration; X 3, ultrasonicator power; X 4, NaOH concentration; X 5, solid-to-liquid ratio) were studied. Total carbohydrate content (TC), total reducing sugar (TRS), and degree of polymerisation (DP) were the dependent variables. The optimal extraction condition was attained when oligosaccharides with a desired DP of 3.72 were extracted when the coconut husk in a liquid-to-solid ratio of 127 mL/g was treated with 1.05 percent (w/v) of NaOH solution at an incubation temperature of 30.4°C for 5 min using an ultrasonicator power of 248 W. The optimised parameters for oligosaccharide extraction from coconut husk reported in this study could be useful for the effective isolation of these compounds for prebiotic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shie-Lih Tang
- Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, School of Engineering and Technology, University of Technology Sarawak, No. 1, Jalan Universiti, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Ling Hii
- Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, School of Engineering and Technology, University of Technology Sarawak, No. 1, Jalan Universiti, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Chen-Chung Koh
- Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, School of Engineering and Technology, University of Technology Sarawak, No. 1, Jalan Universiti, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
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15
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Biswas S, Rashid TU. Effect of ultrasound on the physical properties and processing of major biopolymers-a review. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8367-8383. [PMID: 36321472 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Designing and developing modern techniques to facilitate the extraction and modification of functional properties of biopolymers are key motivations among researchers. As a low-cost, sustainable, non-toxic, and fast process, ultrasound has been considered a method to improve the processing of carbohydrate and protein-based biopolymers such as cellulose, chitin, starch, alginate, carrageenan, gelatine, and guar gum. A better understanding of the complex physicochemical behavior of biopolymers under ultrasonication may fortify the eminence of this technology in advanced-level applications. This review summarizes the recent advances in biopolymer processing and the effect of ultrasound on the physical properties of the selected biopolymers. A major focus will be given to the mechanisms of action and their impact on the properties and extraction. At the end, some possible suggestions are highlighted which need future investigation for amending the physical properties of biopolymers using ultrasonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA-70803, USA.
| | - Taslim Ur Rashid
- Fiber and Polymer Science, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, Wilson College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, 1020 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
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16
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Özcan MM, Köse N. Monitoring of changes in physico-chemical properties, fatty acids and phenolic compounds of unroasted and roasted sunflower oils obtained by enzyme and ultrasonic extraction systems. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Han Jeong Y, Van Kien N, Jin Han Seog D, Ryoo JJ. Comparison between the use of polyether ether ketone and stainless steel columns for ultrasonic-assisted extraction under various ultrasonic conditions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 90:106125. [PMID: 36191369 PMCID: PMC9531288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was conducted using the stainless steel (SS) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) columns and analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to understand the mechanism of ultrasound-assisted chromatography (UAC). Empty SS and PEEK columns were used to extract dyes from a fabric under identical conditions with several parameters including the initial ultrasonic bath temperatures (30 °C and 40 °C), ultrasound power intensities (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 %), ultrasound operation modes (normal and sweep), and ultrasound frequencies (25 kHz, 40 kHz, and 132 kHz) to compare their extraction capabilities. After 30 min of extraction, the amount of extract was determined by HPLC. The PEEK material was significantly affected by ultrasonic radiation compared to the SS material, especially at a higher temperature (40 °C), power intensity (100 %), and frequency (132 kHz) with sweep mode. At a maximum power density of 45 W/L, the extraction effectiveness ratio of PEEK to SS was in the range of 1.8 - 3.9 depending on the specific frequency, initial temperature, and with or without temperature control. The most optimal ultrasound frequencies, in terms of enhancing extraction effectiveness, are in the order of 132 kHz, 40 kHz, and 25 kHz. Unlike the SS material, the PEEK material was more affected by temperature and acoustic effects under identical conditions, especially at 132 kHz ultrasound frequency. In contrast, at lower frequencies of 40 kHz and 25 kHz, no significant differences in the acoustic effects were observed between the PEEK and SS materials. The findings of this study contribute to elucidating the roles of column materials in UAE and UAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Han Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Van Kien
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - David Jin Han Seog
- Science Education Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea; Science Education Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea.
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18
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Chemical characterization of pomegranate and alfalfa seed oils obtained by a two-step sequential extraction procedure of expeller and supercritical CO2 technologies. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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19
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Junaid PM, Dar AH, Dash KK, Ghosh T, Shams R, Khan SA, Singh A, Pandey VK, Nayik GA, Bhagya Raj GVS. Advances in seed oil extraction using ultrasound assisted technology: A comprehensive review. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pir Mohmmad Junaid
- Department of Post‐Harvest Engineering and Technology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, A.M.U Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science and Technology Pulwama Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology Narayanpur, Malda West Bengal India
| | - Tabli Ghosh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Tezpur University Tezpur Assam India
| | - Rafeeya Shams
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Shafat Ahmad Khan
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science and Technology Pulwama Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Sonipat Haryana India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering Integral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department of Food Science and Technology Government Degree College Shopian Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Gurajala Venkata Siva Bhagya Raj
- Department of Food Processing Technology Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology Narayanpur, Malda West Bengal India
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20
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Kaur B, Panesar PS, Anal AK. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of mango seed kernel butter and assessment of its physicochemical, thermal, and structural properties. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brahmeet Kaur
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal India
| | - Parmjit Singh Panesar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal India
| | - Anil Kumar Anal
- Department of Food, Agriculture, and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Khlong Luang Thailand
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21
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Ghoshal G, Singh S, Sharma R. Utilization and characterization of flaxseed oil in ultrasonically emulsified mango beverage. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:3867-3880. [PMID: 36193349 PMCID: PMC9525540 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study described the formation of stable emulsion of flaxseed oil (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% v/v) in ready to serve Mango beverages using 20 kHz ultrasound of power input 21 W, 32 W, 43 W for varying times 3, 5, 7 min to create emulsion droplets size 100-800 nm. Oil was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction and solvent extraction method by varying solvents, time, ultrasonic intensity etc. and physio-chemical characterization was conducted. Fatty acid profiling revealed that linolenic acid and linoleic acid are major fatty acids present in extracted oil. Effect of flaxseed oil in fruit-based beverage was evaluated in terms of turbidity, pH, acidity, color, antioxidant activity and carotenoids content. Pectin stabilizes emulsion droplets by generating electrostatic repulsion (ζ potential - 25 mV) and the emulsions were stable upto 18 days at (4 ± 2) °C. The rheological behaviour in terms of viscosity of the emulsion stayed unaffected with sonication time upon storage. The carotenoids and antioxidant activity significantly increased from 151.37 to 292.24 µg/mL and 26.99% to 61.43% respectively at 0 to 0.75% added oil in the beverage and enhanced stability by preventing lipid oxidation. Organoleptic score of 0.25% and 0.50% of the flaxseed oil in the beverage was found to be acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Ghoshal
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sukhwant Singh
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajan Sharma
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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22
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Ultrasound-Assisted Alcoholic Extraction of Lesser Mealworm Larvae Oil: Process Optimization, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Energy Consumption. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101943. [PMID: 36290666 PMCID: PMC9598858 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil from lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus L.) larvae powders (LMLPs) using ethanol/isopropanol as the superior solvent was optimized. The evaluation of time (9.89−35.11 min), solvent-to-LMLPs (2.39−27.61 v/w), and temperature (16.36−83.64 °C) showed that the highest extraction efficiency (EE, 88.08%) and in vitro antioxidant activity (IVAA) of reducing power (0.651), and DPPH free-radical scavenging capacity (70.79%) were achieved at 22.5 v/w solvent-to-LMLPs and 70 °C for 22.64 min. Optimal ultrasound conditions significantly improved the EE than n-hexane extraction (60.09%) by reducing the electric energy consumption by ~18.5 times from 0.637 to 0.035 kWh/g. The oil diffusivity in ethanol-isopropanol during the UAE (0.97 × 10−9 m2/s) was much better than that of n-hexane (5.07 × 10−11 m2/s). The microstructural images confirmed the high efficiency of ethanol-isopropanol in the presence of ultrasounds to remove oil flakes from the internal and external surfaces of LMLPs. The improved IVAA was significantly associated with the total phenolic (4.306 mg GAE/g, r = 0.991) and carotenoid (0.778 mg/g, r = 0.937) contents (p < 0.01). Although there was no significant difference in the fatty acid profile between the two extracted oils, ethanol-isopropanol under sonication acceptably improved oxidative stability with lower peroxides, conjugated dienes and trienes, and free fatty acids.
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23
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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and the Encapsulation of Bioactive Components for Food Applications. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192973. [PMID: 36230050 PMCID: PMC9564298 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various potential sources of bioactive components exist in nature which are fairly underutilized due to the lack of a scientific approach that can be sustainable as well as practically feasible. The recovery of bioactive compounds is a big challenge and its use in food industry to develop functional foods is a promising area of research. Various techniques are available for the extraction of these bioactives but due to their thermolabile nature, there is demand for nonthermal or green technologies which can lower the cost of operation and decrease operational time and energy consumption as compared to conventional methods. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is gaining popularity due to its relative advantages over solvent extraction. Thereafter, ultrasonication as an encapsulating tool helps in protecting the core components against adverse food environmental conditions during processing and storage. The review mainly aims to discuss ultrasound technology, its applications, the fundamental principles of ultrasonic-assisted extraction and encapsulation, the parameters affecting them, and applications of ultrasound-assisted extraction and encapsulation in food systems. Additionally, future research areas are highlighted with an emphasis on the energy sustainability of the whole process.
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24
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Arya A, Mittal V, Kaushik D, Kumar M, Alotaibi SS, Albogami SM, El-Saber Batiha G, Jeandet P. Mutivariate optimization strategy for the sonication-based extraction of Nardostachys jatamansi roots and analysis for chemical composition, anti-oxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106133. [PMID: 36037596 PMCID: PMC9436804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from medicinal plants are generally obtained by conventional methods like percolation and maceration. Owing to limitations of traditional methods and to meet the rising demand of extracts, the development of new green approaches is need of hour. In the present research, we have developed an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method for the Nardostachys jatamansi (NJ) D. Don, DC roots and optimized the extraction parameters for possible improved extract yield. A multivariate optimization strategy using the Centre Composite Design coupled with response surface methodology was applied. A numerical optimization approach accurately predicted the extraction conditions (sonication time ∼ 20 min, ethanol ∼ 70 % and a liquid/solid ratio of about 21:1). Scanning electron microscopy of the plant samples after UAE also indicated the cavitation effect due to sound waves. GC-MS analysis of the optimized ultrasound extract (OUNJ) confirmed improvement in the concentration of various secondary metabolites like jatamansone (91.8 % increase), spirojatamol (42.3 % increase), globulol (130.4 % increase), sitosterol (84.6 % increase) as compared to the soxhlet extract (SXNJ). Different anti-oxidant parameters (DPPH, Glutathione, Catalase SOD and NO) were also significantly altered (p < 0.05) in the optimized extracts. The IC50 to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in vitro and its concentration in brain homogenates were significantly (p < 0.05) improved by OUNJ extract as compared to the SXNJ ones. To conclude, we can say that established optimized conditions for UAE of N. jatamansi roots not only reduce the extraction time but also improved the pharmacological potential of the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vineet Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana (133207), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Saqer S Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- University of Reims, Research Unit-Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, EA 4707 - USC INRAe 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51687 Reims, France.
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25
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Azhar ANH, Amran NA, Yusup S, Mohd Yusoff MH. Ultrasonic Extraction of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2AP) from Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Using Ethanol as Solvent. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154906. [PMID: 35956856 PMCID: PMC9370269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is the compound that gives out the typical aroma and flavour of pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.). This research incorporates ultrasonic extraction to extract the aromatic compound in pandan leaves. The parameters varied in this study are the extraction time, sonicator amplitude, concentration of solvent and the mass of pandan leaves. The experiment was conducted using a central composite design (CCD) model generated by the response surface methodology (RSM). From the extraction process, it can be deduced that the effect of leaves’ mass is comparably higher than other parameters, while sonicator amplitude gives the most negligible impact on the process. The obtained p-value was 0.0014, which was less than 0.05. The high R-squared 0.9603 and adjusted R-squared 0.8809 indicate the model is well agreed with the actual data. The optimal control variables of ultrasonic extraction of 2AP are at an extraction time of 20 min, 60% of solvent concentration, amplitude of 25% and 12.5 g of pandan leaves, which produced 60.51% of yield of the extract and 1.43 ppm of 2AP. It is found that the mass of pandan leaves and the concentration of solvent have a significant impact on the extraction process of 2AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisyah Nur Hanis Azhar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.N.H.A.); (S.Y.); (M.H.M.Y.)
| | - Nurul Aini Amran
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.N.H.A.); (S.Y.); (M.H.M.Y.)
- HICOE—Center for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-53687563; Fax: +60-53656176
| | - Suzana Yusup
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.N.H.A.); (S.Y.); (M.H.M.Y.)
- HICOE—Center for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hizami Mohd Yusoff
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.N.H.A.); (S.Y.); (M.H.M.Y.)
- HICOE—Center for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
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26
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Singla M, Singh A, Sit N. Effect of microwave and enzymatic pretreatment and type of solvent on kinetics of ultrasound assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from ripe papaya peel. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singla
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Tezpur University Assam India
| | - Awanish Singh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Tezpur University Assam India
| | - Nandan Sit
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology Tezpur University Assam India
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27
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Kongpol K, Sermkaew N, Makkliang F, Khongphan S, Chuaboon L, Sakdamas A, Sakamoto S, Putalun W, Yusakul G. Extraction of curcuminoids and ar-turmerone from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) and application as HDES-based microemulsions. Food Chem 2022; 396:133728. [PMID: 35870240 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of curcuminoids and aromatic (ar)-turmerone from Curcuma longa L. using organic solvents produces chemical waste, and is therefore incompatible with food applications. To address this issue, this study presents the design of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) and HDES-based microemulsions. Using the response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal extraction conditions were identified as follows: HDES = OA:menthol (1:3.6 M ratio), solid-to-liquid ratio = 10:1 (mg/mL), and extraction duration = 90 min (prediction accuracy ≥ 85 %). Under these conditions, the HDES extraction yields of bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin, and ar-turmerone were 2.49 ± 0.25, 5.61 ± 0.45, 9.40 ± 0.86, and 3.83 ± 0.19 % (w/w, dry basis), respectively, while those obtained using the HDES-based microemulsion were 2.10 ± 0.18, 6.31 ± 0.48, 12.6 ± 1.20, and 2.58 ± 0.19 % (w/w, dry basis), respectively. The HDES and its microemulsions are more effective and environmentally friendly than conventional organic solvents for the extraction of curcuminoids and ar-turmerone, and these solvents are also compatible with food and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantapich Kongpol
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
| | - Namfa Sermkaew
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si, Thammarat, Thailand.
| | - Fonthip Makkliang
- School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
| | - Sirinan Khongphan
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Litavadee Chuaboon
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
| | - Attapon Sakdamas
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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28
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A method for a comprehensive lipidomic analysis of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) with the use of LC–Q-TOF-MS and dispersive micro-solid-phase (μDSPE) extraction. Food Chem 2022; 381:132290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Effects of Extraction Processes on the Oxidative Stability, Bioactive Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Rice Bran Oil. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081143. [PMID: 35454730 PMCID: PMC9027154 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the effects of different extraction processes on the oil extractability, oxidative stability, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of crude rice bran oil (CRBO). The experimental extraction processes include hexane extraction (HE), cold press extraction (CE), thermally pretreated cold press extraction (CCE), and ultrasound-pretreated cold press extraction (UCE). The results show that thermal cooking and ultrasound pretreatment significantly improve the oil extractability of the cold press extraction process. The oil yields of CE, CCE, and UCE were 14.27, 17.31, and 16.68 g oil/100 g rice bran, respectively. The oxidative stability of CE and CCE oils was higher than HE and UCE oils, as evidenced by the synchrotron-radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) absorption peak. The ρ-anisidine values of HE, CE, CCE, and UCE were 0.30, 0.20, 0.91, and 0.31, respectively. Meanwhile, ultrasound pretreatment significantly reduced the bioactive compounds and chemical antioxidant activity of UCE oil. The CE, CCE, and UCE oils (0.1% oil concentration) exhibited higher inhibitory effects against hydrogen-peroxide-induced cellular oxidative stress, compared to HE oil (0.39% oil concentration). Essentially, CCE is operationally and environmentally suitable for improving the oil yield, oxidative stability, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities of CRBO.
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Manzoor S, Rashid R, Prasad Panda B, Sharma V, Azhar M. Green extraction of lutein from marigold flower petals, process optimization and its potential to improve the oxidative stability of sunflower oil. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 85:105994. [PMID: 35381487 PMCID: PMC8980490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Marigold flower petals are considered the richest source of lutein which possesses immense applications in the food and health sector. The study was undertaken to improve the stability of sunflower oil by enriching it with lutein extracted from marigold flower petals using safe and green technology. The extraction of lutein was optimized using Box-Behnken design by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) employing sunflower oil as a solvent. The impact of three independent variables i.e., ultrasonic intensity, solid to solvent ratio, and extraction time were evaluated on the amount of lutein extracted and its antioxidant activity. Highest amount of lutein (21.23 mg/g) was extracted by employing ultrasonic intensity of 70 W/m2, extraction time of 12.5 min, and solid to solvent ratio of 15.75%. FT-IR spectra of lutein extracted by ultrasound and conventional extraction show similar peaks depicting that ultrasound does not have any impact on the functionality of lutein. Sunflower oil incorporated with lutein at 1000 PPM and the synthetic antioxidant (TBHQ) showed good oxidative stability than oil with 500 PPM lutein and no lutein during accelerated storage for a month. The oxidative stability was shown by different oil samples in the following order: TBHQ = 1000PPM lutein˃500PPM lutein ˃control oil. It was concluded that the ultrasound technique extracts lutein efficiently from marigold flowers and this lutein was effective in improving the oxidative stability of sunflower oil under accelerated storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaziya Manzoor
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India.
| | - Rubiya Rashid
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
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Using Box–Behnken Design Coupled with Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing Rapeseed Oil Expression Parameters under Heating and Freezing Conditions. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of heating and freezing pretreatments on rapeseed oil yield and the volume of oil energy under uniaxial compression loading was investigated. Four separate experiments were carried out to achieve the study objective. The first and second experiments were performed to determine the compression parameters (deformation, mass of oil, oil yield, oil expression efficiency, energy, volume of oil and volume of oil energy). The third and fourth experiments identified the optimal factors (heating temperatures: 40, 60 and 80 °C, freezing temperatures: −2, −22 and −36 °C, heating times: 15, 30 and 45 min and speeds: 5, 10 and 15 mm/min) using the Box–Behnken design via the response surface methodology where the oil yield and volume of oil energy were the main responses. The optimal operating factors for obtaining a volume of oil energy of 0.0443 kJ/mL were a heating temperature of 40 °C, heating time of 45 min and speed of 15 mm/min. The volume of oil energy of 0.169 kJ/mL was reached at the optimal conditions of a freezing temperature of −36 °C, freezing time of 37.5 min and speed of 15 mm/min. The regression model established was adequate for predicting the volume of oil energy only under heating conditions.
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Otero P, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Garcia-Oliveira P, Soria-Lopez A, Barba F, Xiao JB, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto M. Aquaculture and agriculture-by products as sustainable sources of omega-3 fatty acids in the food industry. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.53365/efood.k/144603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The valorization of by-products is currently a matter of great concern to improve the sustainability of the food industry. High quality by-products derived from the food chain are omega-3 fatty acids, being fish the main source of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. The search for economic and sustainable sources following the standards of circular economy had led to search for strategies that put in value new resources to obtain different omega-3 fatty acids, which could be further employed in the development of new industrial products without producing more wastes and economic losses. In this sense, seeds and vegetables, fruits and crustaceans by products can be an alternative. This review encompasses all these aspects on omega-3 fatty acids profile from marine and agri-food by-products together with their extraction and purification technologies are reported. These comprise conventional techniques like extraction with solvents, cold press, and wet pressing and, more recently proposed ones like, supercritical fluids fractionation and purification by chromatographic methods. The information collected indicates a trend to combine different conventional and emerging technologies to improve product yields and purity. This paper also addresses encapsulation strategies for their integration in novel foods to achieve maximum consumer acceptance and to ensure their effectiveness.
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Esposito M, Piazza L. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.): Part 1. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:732-739. [PMID: 34173245 PMCID: PMC9292751 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound-assisted extraction of the intermediate product from the mechanical expression of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil was investigated to improve the overall expression yield without compromising oil quality. Complementary ultrasound technology was used as an out-of-line treatment carried out at 20 kHz frequency and optimized with respect to amplitude (80 and 152 μm), sonication time (2, 10, 20 min) and to the hemp paste properties, in particular its particle size and hydration, which drive the compressibility of the press cake. RESULTS Under the conditions evaluated, the optimal ultrasound treatment was found to be the one applied on the hydrated press cake for 2 min at 152 μm, which resulted in an oil yield of 13.4%, with an increase in extraction efficiency equal to 73% with respect to the control (untreated press cake). Sonication had a positive effect on the press cake texture and on the extracted oil antioxidant activity. Soaked samples treated for 2 min at 152 μm yielded the lowest hardness. Oil recovered from soaked samples treated at 80 μm and 152 μm ultrasound for 2 min had the highest antioxidant capacity. CONCLUSIONS The technological results gathered in the present investigation are preliminary to the design and engineering of scaled-up equipment that combines the mechanical screw expression and the in-line ultrasound unit. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Esposito
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Laura Piazza
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
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Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Solvent Enzymatic Extraction on Fatty Acid Profiles, Physicochemical Properties, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Elaeagnus mollis Oil. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030359. [PMID: 35159511 PMCID: PMC8834463 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Elaeagnus mollis oil extracted from the nuts of Elaeagnus mollis Diels can be used in food and pharmaceutical applications due to its excellent nutritional value. An ultrasound-assisted solvent enzymatic extraction (UASEE) method was used to extract oil from Elaeagnus mollis Diels with n-hexane solvent (1:11.6 g/mL) and 1.1% (w/w) mixed enzymes (neutral protease:hemicellulase:pectinase = 1:1:1, w/w/w). The physicochemical properties, fatty acid profile, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, morphology, and thermal stability of UASEE oil were investigated and compared with soxhlet extraction (SE) oil and cold pressing (CP) oil. The UASEE oil exhibited a higher content of unsaturated fatty acids (93.96 ± 0.28%), total tocopherols and tocotrienols (147.32 ± 2.19 mg/100 g), total phytosterols (261.78 ± 5.74 mg/100 g), squalene (96.75 ± 0.31 mg/100 g), total phenolic content (84.76 ± 2.37 mg GAE/kg), and antioxidant activity (12.52 ± 0.28 mg/mL) than SE and CP oil. The lower peroxide value and acid value in UASEE oil indicated its better quality and lower likelihood of rancidity. The oil obtained using UASEE had higher thermal stability as well, as indicated by thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the UASEE process causes damage to cell walls, and the leakage of substances in the cells facilitates extraction in the following step. Thus, UASEE is a promising processing method for the extraction of Elaeagnus mollis oil.
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Wan N, Xie H, Yu F, Li Y, Zheng Q, Wu Z. Extraction of essential oils from Kumquat peel using ultrasound‐assisted vacuum hydrodistillation. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
| | - Hao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
| | - Fen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
| | - Yuanhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang PR China
- State Key Laboratory of innovative medicine and high efficiency and energy saving pharmaceutical equipment Nanchang PR China
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Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment on Extraction Efficiency of Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds from Citrus Waste By-Products. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8120244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste or by-product use is in focus for reducing the environmental threat and acquiring wealth out of waste. The current study aim was to investigate the effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the extraction of bioactive compounds and composition of essential oils extracted from citrus waste. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize higher yield extraction parameters. Pretreatment of ultrasound-assisted extraction recovered 33% enhanced yield with reduced time and was economical as compared to conventional hydro-distilled process. The functional quality of essential oil was determined using FTIR and GC-MS. Antioxidants from citrus peel and pulp/pomace were extracted and analyzed by spectroscopic techniques. The quantification of bioactive compounds from citrus waste was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mass transfer rate of antioxidants from peel and pomace were 30% increased as a result of ultrasound-assisted treatment. The significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher TPC (735.54 mg/100 g) and antioxidant activity (44.26%) was recorded in Citrus sinensis Pulp and peel respectively. The bioactive compounds such as hesperidin (31.52 mg/100 g) was significantly higher in (p ≤ 0.05) in Citrus sinensis pulnd extract. Vanillin was found 1.21 mg/100 g in peel extract of citrus fruit, moreover vanillin was not detected in pulp extract. Myrecitin was not detected in both the samples. The bioactive natural compounds extracted from citrus peel can be used in food and pharma sector as natural anti-oxidantcompounds.
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Mwaurah PW, Kumar S, Kumar N, Attkan AK, Panghal A, Singh VK. Ultrasound and microwave‐assisted solvent extraction of mango kernel oil and evaluation of physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Waboi Mwaurah
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
| | - Arun Kumar Attkan
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
| | - Anil Panghal
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar India
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Lu XR, Wu D, Wang Y, Li D, Wang LJ. Evaluation of yield and quality properties of Elaeagnus mollis oil produced by ultrasound-assisted solvent enzymatic extraction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2021-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To improve the extraction efficiency and quality, ultrasound-assisted solvent enzymatic extraction (UASEE) method was applied to extract oil from Elaeagnus mollis Diels. The soxhlet extraction (SE) and cold pressing (CP) were carried out to be compared with UASEE. The optimal UASEE conditions were liquid–solid ratio of 11.6 mL/g, enzyme amount of 1.1%, and ultrasound power of 583 W, which gave by Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken design. Under optimum conditions, the oil yield of 43.35 ± 0.26% was reached, which was similar to that of SE (43.02 ± 0.77%). The oil obtained by UASEE is more desirable than that of SE, but similar with CP, especially on unsaturated fatty acids content and total tocopherol content. Overall, UASEE is a potential alternative to traditional methods for the efficient extraction of E. mollis oil for its higher oil yield and better quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-rui Lu
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University , P. O. Box 50, 17 Qinghua Donglu , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Dan Wu
- Beijing Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute , Beijing 101300 , China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Dong Li
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University , P. O. Box 50, 17 Qinghua Donglu , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Li-jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
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Araujo RGAC, Gallardo Vela C, Roberto Sartori J, da Trindade Neto MA. Apparent and standardized digestibility in broilers fed flaxseed meal with multi-carbohydrase and phytase at 35 days of age. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2021-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD; trial 1) and the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of the amino acids (AA) (trial 2) in flaxseed meal (FM) were evaluated with the addition of exogenous multi-carbohydrase (MC) and phytase (Phy). A total of 80 28-d-old broilers were allotted in a completely randomized design to receive treatments up to 35 d of age. A 2 × 2 factorial design is used to determine the enzyme effects, on the ATTD of dry matter, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and fiber, energy use, and the AID and SID of AA, in five replicate cages. There was synergism between MC and Phy on the ATTD of nitrogen and energy. The isolated inclusion of MC or Phy increased the ATTD of dry matter, calcium, phosphorus and fiber of FM. The enzyme inclusion on the AID and SID of AA in FM, established by comparing the means, suggested a better response to the addition of MC + Phy. Supplementation with Phy or combination of MC and Phy was a viable alternative to increase the ATTD of nutrients and energy. The combination of MC + Phy resulted in higher apparent and standardized digestibility of AA from FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Guaracy Aparecido Cardoso Araujo
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo CEP 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Connie Gallardo Vela
- Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Panamericana Sur, km 19, Lima 42, Lima, 15067, Peru
| | - José Roberto Sartori
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo CEP 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Messias Alves da Trindade Neto
- Department of Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Chew SC, Ali MA. Recent advances in ultrasound technology applications of vegetable oil refining. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Bhimjiyani VH, Borugadda VB, Naik S, Dalai AK. Enrichment of flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum) oil with carotenoids of sea buckthorn pomace via ultrasound-assisted extraction technique: Enrichment of flaxseed oil with sea buckthorn. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:478-488. [PMID: 34382006 PMCID: PMC8334381 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, flaxseed oil is used as an important functional food constituent owing to its large content of omega-3 fatty acids. However, flaxseed oil does not contain carotenoids that could enhance the oxidative stability of the oil. In this study, carotenoids extracted from sea buckthorn pomace were used to enrich cold-pressed flaxseed oil via an ultrasound-assisted extraction technique (UAE). The process parameters were optimized through Box-Behnken design to maximize the carotenoid content in the flaxseed oil. The results obtained by statistical analysis indicated that the yield of 14.02 mg/L of carotenoid content was found in the enriched flaxseed oil at 75.6 min, feed to oil ratio of 19.9 (wt. basis), and amplitude 80.81%. Further, UAE at optimum process parameters was compared with the conventional extraction (CE) method, and it was found that UAE had ~ 49 wt% of higher carotenoid content relative to CE. The physicochemical properties of the enriched flaxseed oil were determined to evaluate the effects of carotenoid enrichment in the flaxseed oil. Based on the outcomes of the present investigation, enriched flaxseed oil could be the potential source for the pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi H Bhimjiyani
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Venu Babu Borugadda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Satyanarayan Naik
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Ajay K Dalai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Patra A, Abdullah S, Pradhan RC. Application of artificial neural
network‐genetic
algorithm and response surface methodology for optimization of
ultrasound‐assisted
extraction of phenolic compounds from cashew apple bagasse. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhipriya Patra
- Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India
| | - S Abdullah
- Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India
| | - Rama Chandra Pradhan
- Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India
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Ablay ÖD, Özdikicierler O, Saygın Gümüşkesen A. Optimization of Ultrasound‐Assisted Alkali Neutralization in the Refining of Safflower Oil to Minimize the Loss of Bioactive Compounds. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Devrim Ablay
- Food Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ege University İzmir 35100 Turkey
| | - Onur Özdikicierler
- Food Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ege University İzmir 35100 Turkey
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Khadhraoui B, Ummat V, Tiwari BK, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Chemat F. Review of ultrasound combinations with hybrid and innovative techniques for extraction and processing of food and natural products. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105625. [PMID: 34147916 PMCID: PMC8225985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound has a significant effect on the rate of various processes in food, perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, bio-fuel, materials, or fine chemical industries, despite some shortcomings. Combination with other conventional or innovative techniques can overcome these limitations, enhance energy, momentum and mass transfer, and has been successfully demonstrated in many recent studies. Various ultrasound combined hybrid and innovative techniques are systematically summarized in this review for the first time. Ultrasound can be combined with diverse conventional techniques including Soxhlet, Clevenger, enzyme, hydrotropes, ionic liquids, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) or Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), to enhance mixing and micro-mixing, reduced thermal and concentration gradients, and selective extraction. Moreover, combinations of ultrasound with other innovative techniques such as microwave, extrusion, supercritical fluid, subcritical and pressure liquids, Instant controlled pressure drop (DIC), Pulsed Electric Field (PEF), Ultra-Violet (UV) or Infra-Red (IR) radiations, Counter-current chromatography (CCC), or centrifugal partition chromatographs (CPC) can enable reduced equipment size, faster response to process control, faster start-up, increased production, and elimination of process steps. The theories and applications of these ultrasound combined hybrid and innovative techniques as well as their advantages and limitations are compared, and further perspectives are proposed. This review provides new insights into advances in ultrasound combined techniques and their application at research, educational, and industrial level in modern food and plant-based chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Khadhraoui
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - V Ummat
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - B K Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland.
| | - A S Fabiano-Tixier
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - F Chemat
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France.
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45
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Outgoing and potential trends of the omega-3 rich linseed oil quality characteristics and rancidity management: A comprehensive review for maximizing its food and nutraceutical applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Doke RB, Bhalerao MS, Paraskar PM, Patil PS, Kulkarni RD. Energy-efficient sonochemical extraction of bioactive compound karanjin from Pongamia pinnata leaves. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Wang J, Tang J, Ruan S, Lv R, Zhou J, Tian J, Cheng H, Xu E, Liu D. A comprehensive review of cereal germ and its lipids: Chemical composition, multi-objective process and functional application. Food Chem 2021; 362:130066. [PMID: 34098434 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cereal germ (CG), a by-product of grain milling, has drawn much attention in the food industry because of its nutritional and functional advantages. Nowadays, the utilization of cereal germ from animal feeds to foodstuff is a popular trend. CGs have high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their lipids (43.9-64.9% of total fatty acids), but they are also induced to oxidative rancidity under the catalytic reaction of enzymes. Chemical and structural properties of lipids in CGs are affected by different treatments. Thermal and non-thermal effects prevent lipid oxidation or promote lipid combination with starch/protein in CG. Thus, the functional properties and final quality of CG are directly changed. In this review, the chemical composition and application of CGs especially the endogenous lipids are summarized and the effects of various processes on CG lipids/matrices are discussed for CG future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Junyu Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbotech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shaolong Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbotech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ruiling Lv
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbotech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbotech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jinhu Tian
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Enbo Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Food Processing Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Zhejiang Food Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Quaisie J, Ma H, Golly MK, Tuly JA, Amaglo NK, Jiaqi Z. Effect of ultrasound-microwave irradiation hybrid technique on extraction, physicochemical, antioxidative, and structural properties of stearic acid-rich Allanblackia parviflora seed oil. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Yu F, Wan N, Zheng Q, Li Y, Yang M, Wu Z. Effects of ultrasound and microwave pretreatments on hydrodistillation extraction of essential oils from Kumquat peel. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2372-2380. [PMID: 34026056 PMCID: PMC8116871 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Main objectives of this work were to investigate the influences of ultrasound pretreatment (UP) and microwave pretreatment (MP) on extraction kinetics, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of Kumquat peel essential oil (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation extraction (HDE). The effects of ultrasound power and processing time, and microwave power and processing time were evaluated. As compared with HDE individually, UP and MP decreased the extraction time, increased the yield and DPPH radical-scavenging activity but did not noticeably affect chemical composition of the EO. For UP and MP, the highest EO yield was obtained when the ultrasonic power and processing time, and microwave power and processing time were 210 W and 30 min, 300 W and 6 min, respectively. In comparison with MP, UP gave a higher yield and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of the EO. Overall, UP and MP are promising techniques for HDE of EO from kumquat peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Na Wan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Yuanhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCMMinistry of EducationJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
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Zheng S, Zhang G, Wang H, Long Z, Wei T, Li Q. Progress in ultrasound-assisted extraction of the value-added products from microorganisms. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:71. [PMID: 33763773 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracting value-added products from microorganisms is an important research focus for the future. Among the many extraction methods, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) has attracted more attention owing to its advantages in reducing working time, increasing yield, and improving the quality of the extract. This review summarizes the use of UAE value-added products from microorganisms, with the main extracted substances are pigments, lipids, polysaccharides, and proteins. In addition, this work also summarizes the mechanism of UAE and highlights the factors that affect UAE operation, such as ultrasonic power intensity or power density, operation mode, and energy consumption, which need to be considered. All extraction products from microorganisms showed that UAE can effectively improve the extraction yields of value-added products. It also highlights the existing problems of the technology and possible future prospects. In general, the UAE of value-added substances from microorganisms is feasible and has the potential for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zheng
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. .,School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - HongJie Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Governance, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Zeqing Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Qiangang Li
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
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