1
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Rutten SB, Junker MA, Leal LH, de Vos WM, Lammertink RG, de Grooth J. Influence of dominant salts on the removal of trace micropollutants by Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration membranes. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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2
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Liu Y, Wang K, Zhou Z, Wei X, Xia S, Wang XM, Xie YF, Huang X. Boosting the Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes in Removing Organic Micropollutants: Trade-Off Effect, Strategy Evaluation, and Prospective Development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15220-15237. [PMID: 36330774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In view of the high risks brought about by organic micropollutants (OMPs), nanofiltration (NF) processes have been playing a vital role in advanced water and wastewater treatment, owing to the high membrane performance in rejection of OMPs, permeation of water, and passage of mineral salts. Though numerous studies have been devoted to evaluating and technically enhancing membrane performance in removing various OMPs, the trade-off effect between water permeance and water/OMP selectivity for state-of-the-art membranes remains far from being understood. Knowledge of this effect is significant for comparing and guiding membrane development works toward cost-efficient OMP removal. In this work, we comprehensively assessed the performance of 88 NF membranes, commercialized or newly developed, based on their water permeance and OMP rejection data published in the literature. The effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of various modification methods in tailoring properties and in turn performance of the mainstream polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) membranes were quantitatively analyzed. The trade-off effect was demonstrated by the abundant data from both experimental measurements and machine learning-based prediction. On this basis, the advancement of novel membranes was benchmarked by the performance upper-bound revealed by commercial membranes and lab-made PA membranes. We also assessed the potentials of current NF membranes in selectively separating OMPs from inorganic salts and identified the future research perspectives to achieve further enhancement in OMP removal and salt/OMP selectivity of NF membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Xinxin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
| | - Shengji Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
| | - Xiao-Mao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yuefeng F Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- Environmental Engineering Programs, The Pennsylvania State University, Middletown, Pennsylvania17057, United States
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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3
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Sherugar P, Rao S, Kigga M, George SD, Arthi M, Déon S, Padaki M. Insights into the mechanically resilient, well-balanced polymeric membranes by incorporating Rhizophora mucronata derived activated carbon for sustainable wastewater decontamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135528. [PMID: 35798149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydrophilic activated carbon has been prepared and used to synthesize innovative activated carbon/polysulfone mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). These membranes were investigated in terms of membrane morphology, hydrophilicity, antifouling ability, and metal ions rejection. The activated carbon (AC) was prepared from a simple chemical activation method using Rhizophora mucronata propagules, which are rich in aerenchyma cells and possess a high surface area. The hydrophilicity of the MMMs is enhanced by the incorporation of activated carbon, which is confirmed by the measurement of equilibrium water contact angle, water uptake and pure water flux. The optimized concentration of 0.625 wt% activated carbon (A2) incorporated mixed matrix membrane exhibits better rejection efficiencies of 98 ± 0.5%, 99 ± 0.5%, 92 ± 2%, and 44 ± 1% for Pb+2, Cd+2, Hg+2, and F- with the permeate flux of 28.27, 31.88, 33.21, 43.82 L/m2/h, respectively. The fabricated mixed matrix membranes demonstrated an excellent flux recovery ratio and reversible fouling, when filtrating a mixed feed solution containing 200 ppm BSA, 10 ppm Pb+2 and 10 ppm Cd+2. The optimized A2 membrane showed excellent long-term stability up to 120 h without compromising in permeate flux and rejection efficiency. Finally, a numerical investigation using a usual transport model has shown that dielectric exclusion was the most probable mechanism that can physically explain experimental trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajwal Sherugar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - Srilatha Rao
- Nitte Minaxi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - Madhuprasad Kigga
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - Sajan D George
- Centre for Applied Nanoscience, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Manivannan Arthi
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Sébastien Déon
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France.
| | - Mahesh Padaki
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore, 562112, India.
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4
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Zhang T, He ZH, Wang KP, Wang XM, Xie YFF, Hou L’. Loose nanofiltration membranes for selective rejection of natural organic matter and mineral salts in drinking water treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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5
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Tsou TY, Hsu JP. Nanofiltration through pH-regulated bipolar cylindrical nanopores for solution containing symmetric, asymmetric, and mixed salts. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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6
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Mancini E, Ramin P, Styrbæck P, Bjergholt C, Soheil Mansouri S, Gernaey KV, Luo J, Pinelo M. Separation of succinic acid from fermentation broth: Dielectric exclusion, Donnan effect and diffusion as the most influential mass transfer mechanisms. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Vahdatifar S, Ali Khodadadi A, Mortazavi Y, Greenlee LF. Functionalized open-ended vertically aligned carbon nanotube composite membranes with high salt rejection and enhanced slip flow for desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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A Novel Numerical Procedure to Estimate the Electric Charge in the Pore from Filtration of Single-Salt Solutions. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100726. [PMID: 34677493 PMCID: PMC8537545 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of physicochemical parameters governing the transport of ions through nanoporous membranes is a major challenge due to the difficulty in experimental estimation of the dielectric constant of the solution confined in nanopores and the volumetric membrane charge. Numerical identification by adjusting their values to fit experimental data is a potential solution, but this method is complicated for single-salt solutions due to the infinite number of couples that can describe a rejection curve. In this study, a novel procedure based on physical simplifications which allows the estimation of a range of values for these two parameters is proposed. It is shown here that the evolution of the interval of membrane charge with salt concentration can be described in all the experimental conditions by the Langmuir–Freundlich hybrid adsorption isotherm. Finally, it is highlighted that considering the mean dielectric constant and the adsorption isotherms assessed from a range of concentrations allowed a good prediction of rejection curves, irrespective of the salt and membrane considered.
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9
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Pore model for nanofiltration: History, theoretical framework, key predictions, limitations, and prospects. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Micari M, Diamantidou D, Heijman B, Moser M, Haidari A, Spanjers H, Bertsch V. Experimental and theoretical characterization of commercial nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of ion exchange spent regenerant. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Cai J, Cao XL, Zhao Y, Zhou FY, Cui Z, Wang Y, Sun SP. The establishment of high-performance anti-fouling nanofiltration membranes via cooperation of annular supramolecular Cucurbit[6]uril and dendritic polyamidoamine. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Cao X, Guo J, Cai J, Liu M, Japip S, Xing W, Sun S. The encouraging improvement of polyamide nanofiltration membrane by cucurbituril‐based host–guest chemistry. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐Li Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Jia‐Lin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Jing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Mei‐Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Susilo Japip
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Weihong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Shi‐Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
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13
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Liu YL, Wang XM, Yang HW, Xie YF, Huang X. Preparation of nanofiltration membranes for high rejection of organic micropollutants and low rejection of divalent cations. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Déon S, Lam B, Fievet P. Application of a new dynamic transport model to predict the evolution of performances throughout the nanofiltration of single salt solutions in concentration and diafiltration modes. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 136:22-33. [PMID: 29494894 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although many knowledge models describing the rejection of ionic compounds by nanofiltration membranes are available in literature, they are all used in full recycling mode. Indeed, both permeate and retentate streams are recycled in order to maintain constant concentrations in the feed solution. However, nanofiltration of real effluents is implemented either in concentration or diafiltration modes, for which the permeate stream is collected. In these conditions, concentrations progressively evolve during filtration and classical models fail to predict performances. In this paper, an improvement of the so called "Donnan Steric Pore Model", which includes both volume and concentration variations over time is proposed. This dynamic model is used here to predict the evolution of volumes and concentrations in both permeate and retentate streams during the filtration of salt solutions. This model was found to predict accurately the filtration performances with various salts whether the filtration is performed in concentration or diafiltration modes. The parameters of the usual model can be easily assessed from full batch experiments before being used in the dynamic version. Nevertheless, it is also highlighted that the variation of the membrane charge due to the evolution of feed concentration over time has to be taken into account in the model through the use of adsorption isotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Déon
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
| | - Boukary Lam
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France
| | - Patrick Fievet
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France
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15
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Fridman-Bishop N, Tankus KA, Freger V. Permeation mechanism and interplay between ions in nanofiltration. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Fridman-Bishop N, Freger V. What makes aromatic polyamide membranes superior: New insights into ion transport and membrane structure. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Déon S, Deher J, Lam B, Crini N, Crini G, Fievet P. Remediation of Solutions Containing Oxyanions of Selenium by Ultrafiltration: Study of Rejection Performances with and without Chitosan Addition. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Déon
- Institut
UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
| | - Julien Deher
- Institut
UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
- Laboratoire
Chrono-Environnement (UMR CNRS 6249), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
| | - Boukary Lam
- Institut
UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
| | - Nadia Crini
- Laboratoire
Chrono-Environnement (UMR CNRS 6249), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
| | - Gregorio Crini
- Laboratoire
Chrono-Environnement (UMR CNRS 6249), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
| | - Patrick Fievet
- Institut
UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, Besançon, 25030 CEDEX, France
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18
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Fridman-Bishop N, Freger V. When Salt-Rejecting Polymers Meet Protons: An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1391-1397. [PMID: 28103044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric membranes are widely used for salt removal, but mechanism of ion permeation is still insufficiently understood. Here we analyze ion transport in polymers relevant to desalination, dense aromatic polyamide Nomex and cellulose acetate (CA), using impedance spectroscopy, focusing on the effects of the salt type, concentration and pH. The results highlight the role of proton uptake in ion permeation. For Nomex the exceptionally high affinity to proton results in a power-low scaling of conductivity with salt concentrations with an unusual exponent 1/2. The results for CA suggest dominance of pore transport, with pore charge increasing with decreasing pH, which contradicts previous view of CA as a weakly acidic polymer and points to proton uptake as possible pore-charging mechanism. The observed effects may have far-reaching consequences in desalination, as even at neutral pH they may both enhance and suppress salt permeation and affect pH changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Fridman-Bishop
- Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Viatcheslav Freger
- Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000, Israel
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19
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Kowalik-Klimczak A, Zalewski M, Gierycz P. Removal of Cr(III) ions from salt solution by nanofiltration: experimental and modelling analysis. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pjct-2016-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was experimental and modelling analysis of the nanofiltration process used for the removal of chromium(III) ions from salt solution characterized by low pH. The experimental results were interpreted with Donnan and Steric Partitioning Pore (DSP) model based on the extended Nernst-Planck equation. In this model, one of the main parameters, describing retention of ions by the membrane, is pore dielectric constant. In this work, it was identified for various process pressures and feed compositions. The obtained results showed the satisfactory agreement between the experimental and modelling data. It means that the DSP model may be helpful for the monitoring of nanofiltration process applied for treatment of chromium tannery wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kowalik-Klimczak
- Institute for Sustainable Technologies – National Research Institute in Radom, Kazimierza Pułaskiego 6/10, 26-600 Radom, Poland Poland
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Zalewski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Gierycz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Nicolini JV, Borges CP, Ferraz HC. Selective rejection of ions and correlation with surface properties of nanofiltration membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Yan ZQ, Zeng LM, Li Q, Liu TY, Matsuyama H, Wang XL. Selective separation of chloride and sulfate by nanofiltration for high saline wastewater recycling. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Fridman-Bishop N, Nir O, Lahav O, Freger V. Predicting the Rejection of Major Seawater Ions by Spiral-Wound Nanofiltration Membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:8631-8. [PMID: 26107401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Seawater nanofiltration (SWNF) generates a softened permeate stream and a retentate stream in which the multivalent ions accumulate, offering opportunities for practical utilization of both streams. This study presents an approach to simulation of SWNF including all major seawater ions (Na(+), Cl(-), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), and SO4(2-)) based on the Nernst-Planck equation, and uses it for permeate and retentate streams composition prediction. The number of degrees of freedom in the system was reduced by assuming a very high ionic permeability for Na(+), which only weakly affected the other parameters in the system. Two alternatives were examined to analyze the importance of concentration dependence of ion permeabilities: The assumption of constant ion permeabilities resulted in a reasonable fit with experimental data. However, for the permeate composition the overall fit was significantly improved (P < 0.0001) when the permeabilities of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) were allowed to depend on the ratio of their total concentration to Na(+). This type of dependence emphasizes the strong interaction of divalent ions with the membrane and its effect on the membrane fixed charge through screening or charge reversal. When this effect was included, model predictions closely matched the experimental results obtained, corroborating the phenomenological approach proposed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oded Nir
- ‡Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel 32000
| | - Ori Lahav
- ‡Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel 32000
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23
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Mass transfer simulation of nanofiltration membranes for electrolyte solutions through generalized Maxwell-Stefan approach. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Efligenir A, Fievet P, Déon S, Salut R. Characterization of the isolated active layer of a NF membrane by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Dutournié P, Limousy L, Blel W, Déon S, Fievet P. Understanding of Ion Transport in a Na–Mordenite Membrane: Use of Numerical Modeling To Estimate Surface–Solute Interactions in the Pore. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5007933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Dutournié
- IS2M (UMR CNRS
7228), Université de Haute Alsace, 3 bis rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Limousy
- IS2M (UMR CNRS
7228), Université de Haute Alsace, 3 bis rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Walid Blel
- GEPEA (UMR CNRS
6144), Université de Nantes, CRTT, 37, boulevard de l’université, BP 406, 44602 Saint Nazaire, France
| | - Sébastien Déon
- Institut UTINAM
Besançon (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Patrick Fievet
- Institut UTINAM
Besançon (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
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26
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Montalvillo M, Silva V, Palacio L, Calvo JI, Carmona FJ, Hernández A, Prádanos P. Charge and dielectric characterization of nanofiltration membranes by impedance spectroscopy. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Wang J, Dlamini DS, Mishra AK, Pendergast MTM, Wong MC, Mamba BB, Freger V, Verliefde AR, Hoek EM. A critical review of transport through osmotic membranes. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Shang R, Verliefde ARD, Hu J, Zeng Z, Lu J, Kemperman AJB, Deng H, Nijmeijer K, Heijman SGJ, Rietveld LC. Tight ceramic UF membrane as RO pre-treatment: the role of electrostatic interactions on phosphate rejection. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 48:498-507. [PMID: 24156950 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate limitation has been reported as an effective approach to inhibit biofouling in reverse osmosis (RO) systems for water purification. The rejection of dissolved phosphate by negatively charged TiO2 tight ultrafiltration (UF) membranes (1 kDa and 3 kDa) was observed. These membranes can potentially be adopted as an effective process for RO pre-treatment in order to constrain biofouling by phosphate limitation. This paper focuses on electrostatic interactions during tight UF filtration. Despite the larger pore size, the 3 kDa ceramic membrane exhibited greater phosphate rejection than the 1 kDa membrane, because the 3 kDa membrane has a greater negative surface charge and thus greater electrostatic repulsion against phosphate. The increase of pH from 6 to 8.5 led to a substantial increase in phosphate rejection by both membranes due to increased electrostatic repulsion. At pH 8.5, the maximum phosphate rejections achieved by the 1 kDa and 3 kDa membrane were 75% and 86%, respectively. A Debye ratio (ratio of the Debye length to the pore radius) is introduced in order to evaluate double layer overlapping in tight UF membranes. Threshold Debye ratios were determined as 2 and 1 for the 1 kDa and 3 kDa membranes, respectively. A Debye ratio below the threshold Debye ratio leads to dramatically decreased phosphate rejection by tight UF membranes. The phosphate rejection by the tight UF, in combination with chemical phosphate removal by coagulation, might accomplish phosphate-limited conditions for biological growth and thus prevent biofouling in the RO systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Shang
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands.
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Déon S, Dutournié P, Fievet P, Limousy L, Bourseau P. Concentration polarization phenomenon during the nanofiltration of multi-ionic solutions: influence of the filtrated solution and operating conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:2260-2272. [PMID: 23434044 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the major difficulties for the prediction of separation performances in the case of multi-ionic mixtures nanofiltration lies in the description of the concentration polarization phenomenon. Usual models available in literature do not take account of the polarization phenomenon or only describe it cursorily. Very few studies dedicated to the understanding and the specific description of the concentration polarization phenomenon are available in literature and a 2-D multi-ionic model describing the layer heterogeneity along the membrane length has never been proposed yet. The model used in the present work, called Pore and Polarization Transport Model (PPTM), allows an accurate description of the concentration polarization layer occurring during the filtration of multi-ionic solutions by taking account of the radial electromigrative transport in the layer, the turbulence, as well as the axial heterogeneity. In this context, the present paper aims at proposing a numerical investigation of the influence of operating conditions on the behavior of the polarization layer occurring at the membrane vicinity. The input parameters governing the transport through the membrane have been assessed in a previous study in the same experimental conditions so that only the polarization layer is investigated here. The proposed model which was previously validated on experimental observed rejection curves is then used to understand how operating conditions, such as applied pressure, feed flow-rate, or divalent ion proportion, govern the polarization phenomenon. For this purpose, concentration and thickness axial profiles along the membrane length and radial profiles within the polarization layer are investigated for various conditions. Finally, the impact of the type of divalent ion and the number of ions is also studied on various mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Déon
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France.
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Wang X, Fang Y, Tu C, Van der Bruggen B. Modelling of the separation performance and electrokinetic properties of nanofiltration membranes. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2012.659049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tu CH, Fang YY, Zhu J, Van der Bruggen B, Wang XL. Free energies of the ion equilibrium partition of KCl into nanofiltration membranes based on transmembrane electrical potential and rejection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10274-10281. [PMID: 21728362 DOI: 10.1021/la200219k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The free energies of ion equilibrium partition between an aqueous KCl solution and nanofiltration (NF) membranes were investigated on the basis of the relationship of the transmembrane electrical potential (TMEP) and rejection. The measurements of TMEP and rejection were performed for Filmtec NF membranes in KCl solutions over a wide range of salt concentrations (1-60 mol·m(-3)) and pH values (3-10) at the feed side, with pressure differences in the range 0.1-0.6 MPa. The reflection coefficient and transport number, which were used to obtain the distribution coefficients on basis of irreversible thermodynamics, were fitted by the two-layer model with consideration of the activity coefficient. Evidence for dielectric exclusion under the experimental conditions was obtained by analyzing the rejection of KCl at the isoelectric point. The free energies were calculated, and the contribution of the electrostatic effect, dielectric exclusion, steric hindrance, and activity coefficient on the ion partitioning is elucidated. It is clearly demonstrated that the dielectric exclusion plays a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Hui Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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Assessment of dielectric contribution in the modeling of multi-ionic transport through nanofiltration membranes. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Déon S, Escoda A, Fievet P. A transport model considering charge adsorption inside pores to describe salts rejection by nanofiltration membranes. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chevereau E, Limousy L, Dutournie P. Use of Mordenite Surface Acidity Properties for the Selective Separation of Halide Salts: Modification of Dielectric Effects. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1019968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Chevereau
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des MATériaux de Bretagne (LIMATB-EA 4250), Université de Bretagne Sud, rue de Saint-Maudé, BP 92116, 56 321 Lorient, France
| | - Lionel Limousy
- Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 25 rue de Chemnitz, 68200 Mulhouse, France
| | - Patrick Dutournie
- Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 25 rue de Chemnitz, 68200 Mulhouse, France
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Tu CH, Wang HL, Wang XL. Study on transmembrane electrical potential of nanofiltration membranes in KCl and MgCl2 solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17656-17664. [PMID: 20942428 DOI: 10.1021/la102363y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The transmembrane electrical potential (TMEP) across two commercial nanofiltration membranes (ESNA1-K and Filmtec NF) was investigated in KCl and MgCl(2) solutions. TMEP was measured in a wide range of salt concentrations (1-60 mol·m(-3)) and pH values (3-10) at the feed side, with pressure differences in the range of 0.1-0.6 MPa. A two-layer model based on the Nernst-Planck equation was proposed to describe the relation between TMEP and permeation flux. From the pattern of these curves, the information of membrane structure could be deduced. In the concentration range investigated, TMEP in KCl solutions was always positive and decreased as the salt concentration increased. The contribution of the membrane potential to the TMEP decreased. TMEP was greatly affected by the feed pH. When the feed pH increased, the mobility of cations increased, which indicated that the charges of NF membranes were more negative. The zero point of TMEP and the minimum of rejection in KCl solution were consistent and occurred at the isoelectric point of NF membranes, while in MgCl(2) solution the zero point of TMEP located at a higher pH value. The TMEP in MgCl(2) solutions changed its sign at a given concentration, and by calculating the transport number the location of the minimum rejection could be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Hui Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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Escoda A, Lanteri Y, Fievet P, Déon S, Szymczyk A. Determining the dielectric constant inside pores of nanofiltration membranes from membrane potential measurements. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:14628-14635. [PMID: 20795661 DOI: 10.1021/la1023949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The membrane potential technique was applied to a nanofiltration polyamide membrane to determine its mean pore radius and the dielectric constant of electrolyte solutions inside pores. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to assess these features from membrane potential measurements. Membrane potential data were analyzed by means of the SEDE (steric electric and dielectric exclusion) transport model. Experiments were conducted with single-salt solutions of NaCl and CaCl(2) and mixed-salt solutions of NaCl and CaCl(2) at various concentrations. It was shown that the pore-size values deduced from the high-concentration limit of the membrane potential measured with the two single-salt solutions are in good agreement. With this parameter being known, the membrane potential measured at high salt concentration with electrolyte mixtures was further used to compute the dielectric constant inside pores. The latter was found to be smaller than its bulk value and to decrease when sodium ions were replaced by calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Escoda
- Institut UTINAM, UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, Besançon Cedex 25030, France
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Benavente J, Silva V, Prádanos P, Palacio L, Hernández A, Jonson G. Comparison of the volume charge density of nanofiltration membranes obtained from retention and conductivity experiments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:11841-11849. [PMID: 20568820 DOI: 10.1021/la100900w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A version of the Donnan steric-partitioning pore model with dielectrical exclusion (DSPM-DE) has been used to get information on the pore size and charge density of a commercial membrane, NF45 from FilmTec, from its retention of KCl solutions. The conductivity inside the pores has been measured by impedance spectroscopy, and the electric potential drop during retention experiments has also been measured. These experimental data on conductivity and electric potential are analyzed, by using the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and the space charge model, to obtain the pore charge density of the membrane. These two methods give results in fair accordance which probes that the sometimes controversial method of DSPM-DE can give accurate results for the charge as well as for the mean pore size of a nanofiltration membrane. Some clues to improve the way this model can be used are given as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Benavente
- Dpto. Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Déon S, Dutournié P, Limousy L, Bourseau P. The two-dimensional pore and polarization transport model to describe mixtures separation by nanofiltration: Model validation. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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