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Krasowska M, Strzelewicz A, Dudek G, Cieśla M. Numerical Study of Drift Influence on Diffusion Transport through the Hybrid Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080788. [PMID: 36005703 PMCID: PMC9416707 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sodium alginate membranes filled with iron oxide nanoparticles consist of a mixture of organic and inorganic phases. This design offers the possibility to combine the polymer's easy processability and superior separation performance. For a better understanding of the mechanisms of mixture separation, we analyze the diffusion motion of a particle in the hybrid membrane environment. We model structures of two-dimensional heterogenic membranes, which resemble real membrane structures, and then we simulate a random walk on them. We investigate how the additional action of drift changes the motion properties of the diffusing particles through the polymeric membrane filled with inorganic powder. We test the effect of two parameters: the distribution of obstacles (filling) in the membrane and the value of drift on the nature of diffusion. It appears that the synergy between drift, the diffusion, and the membrane structure affect the occurrence of the superdiffusive and subdiffusive character of particle motion as measured by the time-averaged mean square displacement. An important point is the observation that the strong drift supports subdiffusive motion as it increases the chances of particle trapping. Moreover, there exists the optimal value of drift, for which the transport through a membrane speeds up and does not cause trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Krasowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Strzelewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Dudek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Michał Cieśla
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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2
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Ehsan M, Razzaq H, Razzaque S, Bibi A, Yaqub A. Recent advances in sodium alginate‐based membranes for dehydration of aqueous ethanol through pervaporation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Ehsan
- Department of Chemistry University of Wah Wah Cantt Pakistan
| | - Humaira Razzaq
- Department of Chemistry University of Wah Wah Cantt Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Razzaque
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan
| | - Aasma Bibi
- Department of Chemistry University of Wah Wah Cantt Pakistan
| | - Azra Yaqub
- Chemistry Division, Directorate of Science Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), 45650 Pakistan
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3
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Grzybek P, Turczyn R, Dudek G. Mixed Manganese Dioxide on Magnetite Core MnO 2@Fe 3O 4 as a Filler in a High-Performance Magnetic Alginate Membrane. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247667. [PMID: 34947261 PMCID: PMC8707341 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The process of ethanol dehydration via pervaporation was performed using alginate membranes filled with manganese dioxide and a mixed filler consisting of manganese dioxide on magnetite core MnO2@Fe3O4 particles. The crystallization of manganese dioxide on magnetite nanoparticle surface resulted in a better dispersibility of this mixed filler in polymer matrix, with the preservation of the magnetic properties of magnetite. The prepared membranes were characterized by contact angle, degree of swelling and SEM microscopy measurements and correlated with their effectiveness in the pervaporative dehydration of ethanol. The results show a strong relation between filler properties and separation efficiency. The membranes filled with the mixed filler outperformed the membranes containing only neat oxide, exhibiting both higher flux and separation factor. The performance changed depending on filler content; thus, the presence of optimum filler loading was observed for the studied membranes. The best results were obtained for the alginate membrane filled with 7 wt.% of mixed filler MnO2@Fe3O4 particles. For this membrane, the separation factor and flux equalled to 483 and 1.22 kg·m−2·h−1, respectively.
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4
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Jakubski Ł, Grzybek P, Chrobak A, Haye E, Colomer JF, Konieczny K, Turczyn R, Dudek G. Single-molecule magnets as novel fillers with superior dispersibility – First application of a tetranuclear iron(III) molecular magnet [Fe4(acac)6(Br-mp)2] for pervaporative dehydration of ethanol. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Li S, Geng X, Ma C, Zhan X, Li J, Ma M, He J, Wang L. Improved performance of three-component structure mixed membrane for pervaporation modified by lignosulfonates@2D-MXene. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Novel Pervaporation Membranes Based on Biopolymer Sodium Alginate Modified by FeBTC for Isopropanol Dehydration. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Modern society strives for the development of sustainable processes that are aimed at meeting human needs while preserving the environment. Membrane technologies satisfy all the principles of sustainability due to their advantages, such as cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, absence of additional reagents and ease of use compared to traditional separation methods. In the present work, novel green membranes based on sodium alginate (SA) modified by a FeBTC metal–organic framework were developed for isopropanol dehydration using a membrane process, pervaporation. Two kinds of SA-FeBTC membranes were developed: (1) untreated membranes and (2) cross-linked membranes with citric acid or phosphoric acid. The structural and physicochemical properties of the developed SA-FeBTC membranes were studied by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and NMR), microscopic methods (SEM and AFM), thermogravimetric analysis and swelling experiments. The transport properties of developed SA-FeBTC membranes were studied in the pervaporation of water–isopropanol mixtures. Based on membrane transport properties, 15 wt % FeBTC was demonstrated to be the optimal content of the modifier in the SA matrix for the membrane performance. A membrane based on SA modified by 15 wt % FeBTC and cross-linked with citric acid possessed optimal transport properties for the pervaporation of the water–isopropanol mixture (12–100 wt % water): 174–1584 g/(m2 h) permeation flux and 99.99 wt % water content in the permeate.
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Sustainable composite pervaporation membranes based on sodium alginate modified by metal organic frameworks for dehydration of isopropanol. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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8
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Modification Approaches to Enhance Dehydration Properties of Sodium Alginate-Based Pervaporation Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11040255. [PMID: 33916137 PMCID: PMC8066153 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transport characteristics of sodium alginate (SA) membranes cross-linked with CaCl2 and modified with fullerenol and fullerene derivative with L-arginine for pervaporation dehydration were improved applying various approaches, including the selection of a porous substrate for the creation of a thin selective SA-based layer, and the deposition of nano-sized polyelectrolyte (PEL) layers through the use of a layer-by-layer (Lbl) method. The impacts of commercial porous substrates made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), regenerated cellulose, and aromatic polysulfone amide were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), standard porosimetry method, and water filtration. The effects of PEL combinations (such as poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS)/SA, PSS/chitosan, PSS/polyacrylic acid, PSS/poly(allylamine hydrochloride)) and the number of PEL bilayers deposited with the Lbl technique on the properties of the SA and SA/fullerene derivative membranes were studied by SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. The best characteristics were exhibited by a cross-linked PAN-supported SA/fullerenol (5%) membrane with five PSS/SA bilayers: permeation flux of 0.68–1.38 kg/(m2h), 0.18–1.55 kg/(m2h), and 0.50–1.15 kg/(m2h), and over 99.7, 99.0, and 89.0 wt.% water in the permeate for the pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol (12–70 wt.% water), ethanol (4–70 wt.% water), and tetrahydrofuran (5.7–70 wt.% water), respectively. It was demonstrated that the mutual application of bulk and surface modifications essentially improved the membrane’s characteristics in pervaporation dehydration.
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Novel Membranes Based on Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/Sodium Alginate for Pervaporation Dehydration of Isopropanol. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050674. [PMID: 33668120 PMCID: PMC7956398 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane methods, especially pervaporation, are quickly growing up. In line with that, effective membrane materials based on biopolymers are required for the industrially significant mixtures separation. To essentially improve membrane transport characteristics, the application of the surface or/and bulk modifications can be carried out. In the present study, novel dense and supported membranes based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)/sodium alginate (SA) were developed for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol using several approaches: (1) the selection of the optimal ratio of polymers, (2) the introduction of fullerenol in blend polymer matrix, (3) the selection of the optimal cross-linking agent for the membranes, (4) the application of layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolytes on supported membrane surface (poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and PSS/SA). Structural and physicochemical characteristics of the membranes were analyzed by different methods. A cross-linked supported membrane based on HEC/SA/fullerenol (5%) composite possessed the following transport characteristics in pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol (12–50 wt.% water): 0.42–1.72 kg/(m2h) permeation flux, and 77.8–99.99 wt.% water content in the permeate. The surface modification of this membrane with 5 bilayers of PSS/PAH and PSS/SA resulted in the increase of permeation flux up to 0.47–3.0 and 0.46–1.9 kg/(m2h), respectively, with lower selectivity.
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Hao W, Tong Z, Liu X, Zhang B. Optimizing nanostrands-inserted graphene oxide membrane with polyelectrolyte protective layer for enhanced ethanol pervaporation dehydration. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Novel Mixed Matrix Sodium Alginate-Fullerenol Membranes: Development, Characterization, and Study in Pervaporation Dehydration of Isopropanol. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040864. [PMID: 32283648 PMCID: PMC7240529 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel mixed matrix dense and supported membranes based on biopolymer sodium alginate (SA) modified by fullerenol were developed. Two kinds of SA–fullerenol membranes were investigated: untreated and cross-linked by immersing the dry membranes in 1.25 wt % calcium chloride (CaCl2) in water for 10 min. The structural and physicochemical characteristics features of the SA–fullerenol composite were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic methods, scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and swelling experiments. Transport properties were evaluated in pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol in a wide concentration range. It was found that the developed supported cross-linked SA-5/PANCaCl2 membrane (modified by 5 wt % fullerenol) possessed the best transport properties (the highest permeation fluxes 0.64–2.9 kg/(m2 h) and separation factors 26–73,326) for the pervaporation separation of the water–isopropanol mixture in the wide concentration range (12–90 wt % water) at 22 °C and is suitable for the promising application in industry.
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12
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Strzelewicz A, Krasowska M, Dudek G, Cieśla M. Design of polymer membrane morphology with prescribed structure and diffusion properties. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Dudek G, Borys P, Strzelewicz A, Krasowska M. Characterization of the Structure and Transport Properties of Alginate/Chitosan Microparticle Membranes Utilized in the Pervaporative Dehydration of Ethanol. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E411. [PMID: 32054056 PMCID: PMC7077690 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and transport properties of alginate/chitosan microparticle membranes used in ethanol dehydration processes were investigated. The membranes were characterized based on images obtained from high-resolution microscopy. The following parameters were determined: the observed total amount of void space, the average size of the void domains, their length and diameter, the fractal dimension, and the generalized stochastic fractal parameters. The total amount of void space was determined to be between 54% and 64%. The average size of the void domains is smaller for alginate membranes containing neat (CS) and phosphorylated (CS-P) chitosan particles when compared to those membranes filled with glycidol-modified (CS-G) and glutaraldehyde crosslinked (CS-GA) chitosan particles. Furthermore, the transport of ethanol and water particles through the studied membranes was modelled using a random walk framework. It was observed that the results from the theoretical and experimental studies are directly correlated. The smallest values of water to ethanol diffusion coefficient ratios (i.e., 14) were obtained for Alg (sodium alginate) membranes loaded with the CS and CS-P particles, respectively. Significantly larger values (27 and 19) were noted for membranes filled with CS-G and CS-GA particles, respectively. The simulation results show that the size of channels which develop in the alginate matrix is less suited for ethanol molecules compared to water molecules because of their larger size. Such a situation facilitates the separation of water from ethanol. The comparison of the structural analysis of the membranes and random walk simulations allows one to understand the factors that influence the transport phenomena, in the studied membranes, and comment on the effect of the length, diameter, number of channels, and variations in the pore diameters on these transport parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dudek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (A.S.); (M.K.)
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14
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Rajaee Gazic F, Saljoughi E, Mousavi SM. Recovery of 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene from wastewater by polymeric membranes via pervaporation process. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Jyothi MS, Reddy KR, Soontarapa K, Naveen S, Raghu AV, Kulkarni RV, Suhas DP, Shetti NP, Nadagouda MN, Aminabhavi TM. Membranes for dehydration of alcohols via pervaporation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 242:415-429. [PMID: 31063879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alcohols are the essential chemicals used in a variety of pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The extreme purity of alcohols in many of such industrial applications is essential. Though distillation is one of the methods used conventionally to purify alcohols, the method consumes more energy and requires carcinogenic entertainers, making the process environmentally toxic. Alternatively, efforts have been made to focus research efforts on alcohol dehydration by the pervaporation (PV) separation technique using polymeric membranes. The present review is focused on alcohol dehydration using PV separation technique, which is the most efficient and benign method of purifying alcohols that are required in fine chemicals synthesis and developing pharmaceutical formulations. This review will discuss about the latest developments in the area of PV technique used in alcohol dehydration using a variety of novel membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Jyothi
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Sciences, & Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - K Soontarapa
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Sciences, & Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Thailand
| | - S Naveen
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Emerging Technology, SET, JAIN Deemed to be University, Bangalore 562 112, India
| | - Anjanapura V Raghu
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Emerging Technology, SET, JAIN Deemed to be University, Bangalore 562 112, India.
| | - Raghavendra V Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA's SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Vijayapur, 586 103, Karnataka, India
| | - D P Suhas
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph's College, Langford Road, Bangalore, 560027, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi, 580030, India
| | - Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45324, USA
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Dudek G, Krasowska M, Turczyn R, Strzelewicz A, Djurado D, Pouget S. Clustering analysis for pervaporation performance assessment of alginate hybrid membranes in dehydration of ethanol. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Dudek G, Turczyn R. New type of alginate/chitosan microparticle membranes for highly efficient pervaporative dehydration of ethanol. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39567-39578. [PMID: 35558028 PMCID: PMC9091010 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A new type of composite alginate membranes filled with chitosan (CS) and three different modified chitosan submicron particles, i.e. phosphorylated (CS-P), glycidol (CS-G) or glutaraldehyde (CS-GA) crosslinked ones, were prepared, and the pervaporation of water/ethanol mixture was investigated. The influence of various chitosan particles and their content on the transport properties of membranes was discussed. It was found that the addition of chitosan particles into the alginate matrix has a prominent effect on the ethanol/water separation efficiency. All tested membranes are characterized simultaneously by a high flux and selectivity, exhibiting advantageous properties, and outperforming numerous conventional materials. The best results were achieved for alginate membranes filled with phosphorylated chitosan particles at 10 wt%, for which separation factor, flux and PSI were equal to 136.2, 1.90 kg m-2 h-1 and 256.9 kg m-2 h-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dudek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology Strzody 9 44-100 Gliwice Poland +48 32 2371509 +48 32 2371427
| | - Roman Turczyn
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology Strzody 9 44-100 Gliwice Poland +48 32 2371509 +48 32 2371427
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Afsar F, Saljoughi E, Mousavi SM. Poly (caprolactone)/poly (ethylene glycol) pervaporation blend membranes: Synthesis, characterization, and performance. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Afsar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - Ehsan Saljoughi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Mousavi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
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Development and characterisation of hybrid polysaccharide membranes for dehydration processes. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 191:216-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Dudek G, Turczyn R, Gnus M, Konieczny K. Pervaporative dehydration of ethanol/water mixture through hybrid alginate membranes with ferroferic oxide nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Li J, Si X, Li X, Wang N, An Q, Ji S. Preparation of acid-resistant PEI/SA composite membranes for the pervaporation dehydration of ethanol at low pH. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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