A win-win strategy of β-cyclodextrin and ion-doped polypyrrole composite nanomaterials for asymmetric capacitive deionization

A highly stable full-polymer electrochemical deionization system: dopant engineering & mechanism study

Electrochemical deionization (ECDI) has emerged as a promising technology for water treatment, with faradaic ECDI systems garnering significant attention due to their enhanced performance potential. This study focuses on the development of a highly stable and efficient, full-polymer (polypyrrole, PPy) ECDI system based on two key strategies. Firstly, dopant engineering, involving the design of dopants with a high charge/molecular weight (MW) ratio and structural complexity, facilitating their effective integration into the polymer backbone. This ensures sustained contribution of strong negative charges, enhancing system performance, while the bulky dopant structure promotes stability during extended operation cycles. Secondly, operating the system with well-balanced charges between deionization and concentration processes significantly reduces irreversible reactions on the polymer, thereby mitigating dopant leakage. Implementing these strategies, the PPy(PSS)//PPy(ClO4) (PSS: polystyrene sulfonate) system achieves a high salt removal capacity (SRC) of 48 mg g-1, an ultra-low energy consumption (EC) of 0.167 kW h kgNaCl-1, and remarkable stability, with 96% SRC retention after 104 cycles of operation. Additionally, this study provides a detailed degradation mechanism based on pre- and post-cycling analyses, offering valuable insights for the construction of highly stable ECDI systems with superior performance in water treatment applications.

Biological Activities and Solubilization Methodologies of Naringin

Naringin (NG), a natural flavanone glycoside, possesses a multitude of pharmacological properties, encompassing anti-inflammatory, sedative, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-osteoporosis, and lipid-lowering functions, and serves as a facilitator for the absorption of other drugs. Despite these powerful qualities, NG's limited solubility and bioavailability primarily undermine its therapeutic potential. Consequently, innovative solubilization methodologies have received considerable attention, propelling a surge of scholarly investigation in this arena. Among the most promising solutions is the enhancement of NG's solubility and physiological activity without compromising its inherent active structure, therefore enabling the formulation of non-toxic and benign human body preparations. This article delivers a comprehensive overview of NG and its physiological activities, particularly emphasizing the impacts of structural modification, solid dispersions (SDs), inclusion compound, polymeric micelle, liposomes, and nanoparticles on NG solubilization. By synthesizing current research, this research elucidates the bioavailability of NG, broadens its clinical applicability, and paves the way for further exploration and expansion of its application spectrum.

Polyaniline coated MOF-derived Mn2O3 nanorods for efficient hybrid capacitive deionization

Mn-based oxides are efficient pseudocapacitive electrode materials and have been investigated for capacitive deionization (CDI). However, their poor conductivity seriously affects their desalination performance. In this work, polyaniline coated Mn₂O₃ nanorods (PANI/Mn₂O₃) are synthesized by oxidizing a Mn-based metal organic framework (MOF) and subsequent in-situ chemical polymerization. The polyaniline not only acts as a conductive network for faradaic reactions of Mn₂O₃, but also enhances the desalination rate. PANI/Mn₂O₃ has a specific capacitance of 87 F g^-1 (at 1 A g^-1), superior to that of Mn₂O₃ nanorod (52 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1). The hybrid CDI cell constructed with a PANI/Mn₂O₃ cathode and an active carbon anode shows a high desalination capacity of 21.6 mg g^-1, superior recyclability with only 11.3% desalination capacity decay after 30 desalination cycles and fast desalination rate of 2.2 mg g^-1 min^-1. PANI/Mn₂O₃ is a potential candidate for high performance CDI applications.