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An M, Cheng X, Luo X, Yang T, Sun X, Xu J, Xiao D, Wu D, Liang H. Role of reactive manganese and oxygen species in the KMnO 4/Na 2SO 3 process for purification of algal-rich water and membrane fouling alleviation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119662. [PMID: 39043355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a highly efficient technique for algal-rich water purification, but it is heavily contaminated due to the complex water characteristics. To solve this problem, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) oxidation enhanced with sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) was proposed as a pretreatment means. The results showed that the end-normalized flux was elevated from 0.10 to 0.91, and the reversible fouling resistance was reduced by 99.95%. The membrane fouling mechanism also changed obviously, without the generation of cake filtration. Regarding the properties of algal-rich water, the zeta potential was decreased from -29.50 to -5.87 mV after KMnO4/Na2SO3 pretreatment, suggesting that the electrostatic repulsion was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the fluorescent components in algal-rich water were significantly eliminated, and the removal of dissolved organic carbon was increased to 67.46%. In the KMnO4/Na2SO3 process, reactive manganese species (i.e., Mn(V), Mn(III) and MnO2) and reactive oxygen species (i.e., SO4•- and •OH) played major roles in purifying algal-rich water. Specifically, SO4•-, •OH, Mn(V) and Mn(III) could effectively oxidize algal pollutants. Simultaneously, the in-situ adsorption and coagulation of MnO2 could accelerate the formation of flocs by decreasing the electrostatic repulsion between cells, and protect the algal cells from being excessive oxidized. Overall, the KMnO4/Na2SO3 process showed significant potential for membrane fouling alleviation in purifying algal-rich water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei An
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
| | - Xinsheng Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, PR China.
| | - Xianpeng Sun
- Qingdao Drainage Operation Service Center, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Dao Xiao
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Zhao C, Liu B, Zhu T, Zhu X, Cheng X. Mechanistic insight into single-atom Fe loaded catalytic membrane with peracetic acid and visible light activation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132506. [PMID: 37696210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation is an effective method for removing hard-to-degrade organic pollutants from water. In this paper, a novel structure of a single atom Fe anchored g-C3N4 (FeCN) membrane was proposed to remove pollutants from water by coupling membrane technology with photocatalytic and peroxyacetic acid oxidation. The presence of zero-dimensional Fe atoms in FeCN membranes allows for the removal of acetaminophen (APAP) in mobile membrane filtration systems without compromising permeation performance by simultaneously possessing visible photocatalytic capability and peroxyacetic acid (PAA) activation. Existence of inter-membrane domain-limiting conditions led to 100 % degradation of APAP within 10.5 ms, which is 5 orders of magnitude faster than conventional catalytic systems. Notably, photo-generated electrons/holes generated by light and HClO generated by Cl- promote the conversion of Fe(V) and the removal of pollutants during the catalytic process. The spatial separation ability of the membrane catalytic layer surface mitigates the catalyst's passivation by macromolecular organics. Furthermore, surface photocatalysis of the membrane and interlayer catalysis generated by PAA mitigate the surface and interlayer pollutants of the membrane, respectively. This study explores a novel approach for the development of highly efficient atom-catalyzed membrane systems with multiple purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrong Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
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Chen S, Zhao Z, Cui F, Liu B. Comparative study of UV/chlorine and VUV/chlorine as ultrafiltration membrane pretreatment techniques: Performance, mechanisms and DBPs formation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132249. [PMID: 37567139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling, primarily resulting from natural organic matter (NOM) widely existing in water sources, has always been a chief hindrance for the prevalent application of ultrafiltration (UF). Thus, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/chlorine process was proposed as a strategy for UF membrane fouling control and ultraviolet (UV)/chlorine process was used for comparison. VUV/chlorine process exhibited more excellent performance on NOM removal than UV/chlorine process. [HO•]ss and [Cl•]ss were calculated as 1.26 × 10-13 and 3.06 × 10-14 M, respectively, and ClO• might not exist under the conditions of 0.08 mM chlorine and 30 min VUV irradiation. [HO•]ss, [Cl•]ss and [ClO•]ss were not available and the formation of reactive radicals was unsustainable in UV/chlorine system. Moreover, VUV/chlorine pretreatment also showed better performance on the reversible and irreversible membrane fouling control than UV/chlorine pretreatment. The dominated fouling mechanism in the final stage of filtration was cake filtration. Additionally, the amount of detected disinfection by-products (DBPs) in VUV/chlorine system was significantly lower than that in UV/chlorine system. During subsequent chlorination disinfection, the yield of DBPs with VUV/chorine pretreatment was higher than that with UV/chlorine pretreatment. VUV/chlorine pretreatment could effectively control DBPs formation when the pretreatment time was extended to 120 min. In summary, VUV/chlorine system presented a most excellent performance on membrane fouling control, NOM degradation and DBPs control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Fuyi Cui
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bingyan Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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Han Y, Wang J, Xu D, Song J, Wang H, Zhu X, Luo X, Yang L, Li G, Liang H. Synergistic effect of potassium ferrate and ferrous iron for improving ultrafiltration performance in algae-laden water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120362. [PMID: 37517148 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The application of ultrafiltration (UF) technology in algae-laden water is limited due to the serious membrane fouling caused by algal foulants. Herein, a Ferrate/FeSO4(Fe(VI)/Fe(II)) pretreatment was proposed aiming to improve the performance of UF. The results showed that the synergistic of Fe(VI) and Fe(II) significantly increased the zeta potential of Microcystis aeruginosa, which enhanced the agglomerative tendency of algal foulants, and the particle size of flocs remarkably increased due to the in-situ generated Fe(III). Results from dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV254, K+, and fluorescent spectra indicated that the introduction of Fe(II) avoided the excessive oxidation of Fe(VI) to algal cells and reduced the production of intracellular organic matter (IOM), while the strong coagulation efficiency of in-situ Fe(III) further enhanced the removal effect of algal organics. Meanwhile, the molecular weight distribution showed that macromolecular organics were decomposed into low molecular matters under Fe(VI) oxidation, while the Fe(VI)/Fe(II) process reduced the formation of small molecular matters compared with single Fe(VI) pretreatment. The algal-source fouling was efficaciously mitigated under the optimal experimental condition, the terminal membrane flux could be increased from 0.16 to 0.62, while reversible and irreversible fouling decreased by 67.1% and 64.1%, respectively. Modeling analysis demonstrated that the Fe(VI)/Fe(II) process altered the fouling mechanism by delaying the formation of cake filtration. Membrane interface characterization further indicated that large size algal flocs form a loose cake layer and reduce the deposition of algal pollutants on the membrane surface. The Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory confirmed that the hydrophobic adsorption between the algal foulant and the membrane was weakened, thus relieving the membrane fouling. Overall, this strategy can be considered for application in improving the UF performance and mitigating algal-source membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Han
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Daliang Xu
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jialin Song
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Xinsheng Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Liu Yang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guibai Li
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Heng Liang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Song W, Gao Z, Tan F, Cheng X, Yang T, Wu D, Yang J, Liang H. Calcium sulfite oxidation activated by ferrous iron integrated with membrane filtration for removal of typical algal contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138956. [PMID: 37209855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation treatment of algae-laden water may cause cells rupture and emission of intracellular organics, thus restricting its further popularization. As a moderate oxidant, calcium sulfite could be slowly released in the liquid phase, thus exhibiting a potential to maintain the cells integrity. To this end, calcium sulfite oxidation activated by ferrous iron was proposed integrated with ultrafiltration (UF) for removal of Microcystis aeruginosa, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda. The organic pollutants were significantly eliminated, and the repulsion between algal cells was obviously weakened. Through fluorescent components extraction and molecular weights distribution analyses, the degradation of fluorescent substances and the generation of micromolecular organics were verified. Moreover, the algal cells were dramatically agglomerated and formed larger flocs under the premise of maintaining high cell integrity. The terminal normalized flux was ascended from 0.048 to 0.072 to 0.711-0.956, and the fouling resistances were extraordinarily decreased. Due to the distinctive spiny structure and minimal electrostatic repulsion, Scenedesmus quadricauda was easier to form flocs, and its fouling was more readily mitigated. The fouling mechanism was remarkably altered through postponing the formation of cake filtration. The membrane interface characteristics including microstructures and functional groups firmly proved the fouling control efficiency. The reactive oxygen species (i.e., SO4•- and 1O2) generated through the principal reactions and Fe-Ca composite flocs played dominant roles in alleviating membrane fouling. Overall, the proposed pretreatment exhibits a brilliant application potential for enhancing UF in algal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Song
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Design & Research Institute, The First Company of China Eighth Engineering Bureau Ltd, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Fengxun Tan
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, PR China.
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Jingxin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Yu H, Yang H, Wei G, Mameda N, Qu F, Rong H. UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration of Microcystis aeruginosa-Laden Water: Fe(II)/Fe(III) Triggered Synergistic Oxidation and Coagulation. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050463. [PMID: 37233524 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) has been proven effective in removing algae during seasonal algal blooms, but the algal cells and the metabolites can induce severe membrane fouling, which undermines the performance and stability of the UF. Ultraviolet-activated sulfite with iron (UV/Fe(II)/S(IV)) could enable an oxidation-reduction coupling circulation and exert synergistic effects of moderate oxidation and coagulation, which would be highly preferred in fouling control. For the first time, the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) was systematically investigated as a pretreatment of UF for treating Microcystis aeruginosa-laden water. The results showed that the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment significantly improved the removal of organic matter and alleviated membrane fouling. Specifically, the organic matter removal increased by 32.1% and 66.6% with UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment for UF of extracellular organic matter (EOM) solution and algae-laden water, respectively, while the final normalized flux increased by 12.0-29.0%, and reversible fouling was mitigated by 35.3-72.5%. The oxysulfur radicals generated in the UV/S(IV) degraded the organic matter and ruptured the algal cells, and the low-molecular-weight organic matter generated in the oxidation penetrated the UF and deteriorated the effluent. The over-oxidation did not happen in the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment, which may be attributed to the cyclic redox Fe(II)/Fe(III) coagulation triggered by the Fe(II). The UV-activated sulfate radicals in the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) enabled satisfactory organic removal and fouling control without over-oxidation and effluent deterioration. The UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) promoted the aggregation of algal foulants and postponed the shift of the fouling mechanisms from standard pore blocking to cake filtration. The UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment proved effective in enhancing the UF for algae-laden water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangmei Wei
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Naresh Mameda
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, College of Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522303, India
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Liu W, Zhao C, Zhou S, Liu B, Cheng X, Xue Z, Zhu T. Effects of UV/Fe(II)/sulfite pre-treatment on NOM-enhanced Ca 2+ scaling during nanofiltration treatment: Fouling mitigation, mechanisms, and correlation analysis of membrane resistance. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:119025. [PMID: 36058094 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of a pre-treatment involving sulfite (S(IV)) synergistically activated by ultraviolet (UV)/Fe(II) on natural organic matter (NOM)-enhanced Ca2+ scaling during nanofiltration treatment. Based on the variations in the physicochemical properties and correlation analyses of irreversible resistance, the intrinsic fouling mechanisms were revealed from two aspects: bulk crystallization (interaction between NOM and inorganic ions) and surface crystallization (morphology of surface crystallization and a change in the Ca2+ concentration in the scaling layer). Furthermore, the degradation contribution rates of different free radicals during the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) (UFS) treatment process were evaluated. During the reactions in the UFS, three free radicals (SO·-4, OH·- and e- aq) were generated, and in-situ Fe(III) was formed in-situ. The carboxyl groups of the NOM were attacked by the free radicals, resulting in decreased of carboxyl concentration and density. In addition, the bond between Ca2+ and NOM weakened, and hydrophobic (HPO) substances were mineralized. However, the Fe(III) formed in-situ was active and electropositive, competing with Ca2+ for the complexation active sites on the NOM. The synergy effect of bulk crystallization and surface crystallization led to a significant decrease in the particle size of feed solution. The crystal size and roughness of membrane surface also decreased, which was conducive to reducing the membrane irreversible resistance. Correlation analysis revealed that the HPO ratio, carboxyl density and particle size (> 100 nm) ratio were effective characterization parameters for predicting irreversible resistance. This study not only provides guidance for alleviating membrane fouling caused by NOM-enhanced Ca2+ scaling during the nanofiltration process, but also presents the rationality of irreversible resistance during nanofiltration process and various indicators with strong linear correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Changrong Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China.
| | - Zhihao Xue
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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