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Yan Z, Chen X, Chang H, Pang H, Fan G, Xu K, Liang H, Qu F. Feasibility of replacing proton exchange membranes with pressure-driven membranes in membrane electrochemical reactors for high salinity organic wastewater treatment. Water Res 2024; 254:121340. [PMID: 38428235 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Membrane electrochemical reactor (MER) shows superiority to electrochemical oxidation (EO) in high salinity organic wastewater (HSOW) treatment, but requirement of proton exchange membranes (PEM) increases investment and maintenance cost. In this work, the feasibility of using low-cost pressure-driven membranes as the separation membrane in MER system was systematically investigated. Commonly used pressure-driven membranes, including loose membranes such as microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), as well as dense membranes like nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), were employed in the study. When tested in a contamination-free solution, MF and UF exhibited superior electrochemical performance compared to PEM, with comparable pH regulation capabilities in the short term. When foulant (humic acid, Ca2+ and Mg2+) presented in the feed, UF saved the most energy (43 %) compared to PEM with similar removal rate of UV254 (∼85 %). In practical applications of MER for treating nanofiltration concentrate (NC) of landfill leachate, UF saved 27 % energy compared to PEM per cycle with the least Ca2+ and Mg2+ retention in membrane and none obvious organics permeation. For fouled RO and PEM with ion transport impediment, water splitting was exacerbated, which decreased the percentage of oxidation for organics. Overall, replacing of PEM with UF significantly reduce the costs associated with both the investment and operation of MER, which is expected to broaden the practical application for treating HSOW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Heliang Pang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China.
| | - Kaiqin Xu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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2
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Mao X, Wang Q, Chang H, Liu B, Zhou S, Deng L, Zhang B, Qu F. Moderate oxidation of algae-laden water: Principals and challenges. Water Res 2024; 257:121674. [PMID: 38678835 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of seasonal algae blooms represents a huge dilemma for water resource management and has garnered widespread attention. Therefore, finding methods to control algae pollution and improve water quality is urgently needed. Moderate oxidation has emerged as a feasible way of algae-laden water treatment and is an economical and prospective strategy for controlling algae and endogenous and exogenous pollutants. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of algae-laden water treatment by moderate oxidation, particularly principles and summary of advanced strategies, as well as challenges in moderate oxidation application, is still lacking. This review outlines the properties and characterization of algae-laden water, which serve as a prerequisite for assessing the treatment efficiency of moderate oxidation. Biomass, cell viability, and organic matter are key components to assessing moderate oxidation performance. More importantly, the recent advancements in employing moderate oxidation as a treatment or pretreatment procedure were examined, and the suitability of different techniques was evaluated. Generally, moderate oxidation is more promising for improving the solid-liquid separation process by the reduction of cell surface charge (stability) and removal/degradation of the soluble algae secretions. Furthermore, this review presents an outlook on future research directions aimed at overcoming the challenges encountered by existing moderate oxidation technologies. This comprehensive examination aims to provide new and valuable insights into the moderate oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qingnan Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lin Deng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bing Zhang
- National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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3
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Zhu Z, Song M, Qu F, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Qi J, Li J. Engineering Multinanochannel Polymer-Intercalated Graphene Oxide Membrane for Strict Volatile Sieving in Membrane Distillation. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:1399-1409. [PMID: 38165309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes enabled by subnanosized diffusion channels are promising to separate small species in membrane distillation (MD). However, the challenge of effectively excluding small volatiles in MD persists due to the severe swelling and subsequent increase in GO interlamination spacing upon direct contact with the hot feed. To address this issue, we implemented a design in which a polymer is confined between the GO interlaminations, creating predominantly 2D nanochannels centered around 0.57 nm with an average membrane pore size of 0.30 nm. Compared to the virginal GO membrane, the polymer-intercalated GO membrane exhibits superior antiswelling performance, particularly at a high feed temperature of 60 °C. Remarkably, the modified membrane exhibited a high flux of approximately 52 L m-2 h-1 and rejection rates of about 100% for small ions and 98% for volatile phenol, with a temperature difference of 40 °C. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the sieving mechanisms for ions and volatiles are facilitated by the narrowed nanochannels within the polymer network situated between the 2D nanochannels of GO interlaminations. Concurrently, the unrestricted permeation of water molecules through the multinanochannel GO membrane encourages high-flux desalination of complex hypersaline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Minjie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junwen Qi
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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4
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Chang H, Zhu Y, Huang L, Yan Z, Qu F, Liang H. Mineral scaling induced membrane wetting in membrane distillation for water treatment: Fundamental mechanism and mitigation strategies. Water Res 2023; 247:120807. [PMID: 37924685 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The scaling-induced wetting phenomenon seriously affects the application of membrane distillation (MD) technology in hypersaline wastewater treatment. Unlike the large amount of researches on membrane scaling and membrane wetting, scaling-induced wetting is not sufficiently studied. In this work, the current research evolvement of scaling-induced wetting in MD was systematically summarized. Firstly, the theories involving scaling-induced wetting were discussed, including evaluation of scaling potential of specific solutions, classical and non-classical crystal nucleation and growth theories, observation and evolution of scaling-induced processes. Secondly, the primary pretreatment methods for alleviating scaling-induced wetting were discussed in detail, focusing on adding agents composed of coagulation, precipitation, oxidation, adsorption and scale inhibitors, filtration including granular filtration, membrane filtration and mesh filtration and application of external fields including sound, light, heat, electromagnetism, magnetism and aeration. Then, the roles of operation conditions and cleaning conditions in alleviating scaling-induced wetting were evaluated. The main operation parameters included temperature, flow rate, pressure, ultrasound, vibration and aeration, while different types of cleaning reagents, cleaning frequency and a series of assisted cleaning measures were summarized. Finally, the challenges and future needs in the application of nucleation theory to scaling-induced wetting, the speculation, monitoring and mitigation of scaling-induced wetting were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China.
| | - Yingyuan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Lin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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5
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Yu H, Huang H, Zhong L, Wu S, Yang H, Rong H, Liang H, Qu F, Ma J. Evaluation of Front-Face Fluorescence for Assessing Cyanobacteria Fouling in Ultrafiltration. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:17649-17658. [PMID: 37910031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria fouling in ultrafiltration (UF) drinking water treatment poses a significant threat to the stability and sustainability of the process. Both phycocyanin found in cyanobacteria and the polymer membrane exhibit strong fluorescence, which could be readily detected using front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) spectroscopy. In this study, FF-EEM was employed for the nondestructive and in situ characterization of algae fouling evolution in UF, while also analyzing fouling mechanisms and reversibility. The results indicated that phycocyanin fluorescence on the membrane surface showed a linear correlation with the specific algal cell count on the membrane surface before reaching saturation. As fouling progressed, membrane fluorescence decreased, which was associated with the extent of the surface coverage on the membrane. The plateau in membrane fluorescence indicated full coverage, coinciding with the cake filtration mechanism, cake compression, and deterioration of fouling reversibility. These findings highlight the promise of FF-EEM as a valuable tool for monitoring and evaluating fouling of cyanobacteria in UF systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huan Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shihua Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
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6
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Zhang JZ, Qu F, Zhang MZ. [Interpretation of expert consensus for progressive collapsing foot deformity]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2907-2911. [PMID: 37752049 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230303-00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Adult flatfoot is a common foot deformity, mainly manifested as medial arch collapsing, hindfoot valgus and forefoot abduction. People have a more thorough understanding of the pathological changes and pathogenesis of flatfoot with further research. There is a new expert consensus for adult flatfoot published in Foot & Ankle Inter. in 2020. The expert panel reviewed the latest literature to develop consensus recommendations for flatfoot, including its nomenclature, diagnosis, classification and operative treatment. The consensus represents a new understanding of the disease and a new concept because of the authority of its authors and the comprehensiveness of its content, and it is also a phased summary of the theoretical and clinical progress of adult flatfoot. This article gives a detailed interpretation of the content in the consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Zhang
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176,China
| | - F Qu
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176,China
| | - M Z Zhang
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176,China
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7
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Yang H, Liu Q, Shu X, Yu H, Rong H, Qu F, Liang H. Simultaneous ammonium and water recovery from landfill leachate using an integrated two-stage membrane distillation. Water Res 2023; 240:120080. [PMID: 37257292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Resources recovery from landfill leachate (LFL) has been attracting growing attention instead of merely purifying the wastewater. An integrated two-stage membrane distillation (ITMD) was proposed to simultaneously purify LFL and recover ammonia in this study. The results showed that organics could be always effectively rejected by the ITMD regardless of varying feed pH, with COD removal higher than 99%. With feed pH increased from 8.64 to 12, the ammonia migration (50-100%) and capture (36-75%) in LFL were considerably enhanced, boosting the separated ammonia enrichment to 1.3-1.7 times due to the improved ammonium diffusion. However, the corresponding membrane flux of the first MD stage decreased from 13.7 to 10.5 L/m2·h. Elevating feed pH caused the deprotonation of NOM and its binding with inorganic ions, constituting a complex fouling layer on the membrane surface in the first MD stage. In contrast, the membrane permeability and fouling of the second MD were not affected by feed pH adjustment because only volatiles passed through the first MD. More importantly, it was estimated that ITMD could obtain high-quality water and recover high-purity ammonium from LFL with relatively low ammonium concentration at an input cost of $ 2-3/m3, which was very competitive with existing techniques. These results demonstrated that the ITMD can be a valuable candidate strategy for simultaneous water purification and nutrient recovery from landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qinsen Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinying Shu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Yu H, Yang H, Wei G, Mameda N, Qu F, Rong H. UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration of Microcystis aeruginosa-Laden Water: Fe(II)/Fe(III) Triggered Synergistic Oxidation and Coagulation. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13050463. [PMID: 37233524 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) has been proven effective in removing algae during seasonal algal blooms, but the algal cells and the metabolites can induce severe membrane fouling, which undermines the performance and stability of the UF. Ultraviolet-activated sulfite with iron (UV/Fe(II)/S(IV)) could enable an oxidation-reduction coupling circulation and exert synergistic effects of moderate oxidation and coagulation, which would be highly preferred in fouling control. For the first time, the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) was systematically investigated as a pretreatment of UF for treating Microcystis aeruginosa-laden water. The results showed that the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment significantly improved the removal of organic matter and alleviated membrane fouling. Specifically, the organic matter removal increased by 32.1% and 66.6% with UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment for UF of extracellular organic matter (EOM) solution and algae-laden water, respectively, while the final normalized flux increased by 12.0-29.0%, and reversible fouling was mitigated by 35.3-72.5%. The oxysulfur radicals generated in the UV/S(IV) degraded the organic matter and ruptured the algal cells, and the low-molecular-weight organic matter generated in the oxidation penetrated the UF and deteriorated the effluent. The over-oxidation did not happen in the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment, which may be attributed to the cyclic redox Fe(II)/Fe(III) coagulation triggered by the Fe(II). The UV-activated sulfate radicals in the UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) enabled satisfactory organic removal and fouling control without over-oxidation and effluent deterioration. The UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) promoted the aggregation of algal foulants and postponed the shift of the fouling mechanisms from standard pore blocking to cake filtration. The UV/Fe(II)/S(IV) pretreatment proved effective in enhancing the UF for algae-laden water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangmei Wei
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Naresh Mameda
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, College of Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522303, India
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Chang H, Zhao H, Qu F, Yan Z, Liu N, Lu M, Liang Y, Lai B, Liang H. State-of-the-art insights on applications of hydrogel membranes in water and wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Yan Z, Zhu Z, Chang H, Fan G, Wang Q, Fu X, Qu F, Liang H. Integrated membrane electrochemical reactor-membrane distillation process for enhanced landfill leachate treatment. Water Res 2023; 230:119559. [PMID: 36608523 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of recalcitrant landfill leachate (LFL) induces huge energy consumption and carbon emissions due to its complex composition. Although membrane distillation (MD) exhibits good potential in LFL treatment with waste heat utilization, membrane fouling and ammonia rejection are still the major problems encountered that hinder its application. Herein, membrane electrochemical reactor (MER) was coupled with MD for simultaneous membrane fouling control and resource recovery. LFL pretreatment with membrane-less electrochemical reactor (EO) and without pretreatment were also purified by MD for comparison. Results showed that the MER-MD system rejected almost all CODCr, total phosphorus, metal salts, and ammonia nitrogen (increased by 33.5%-43.5% without chemical addition), and recovered 31% of ammonia nitrogen and 48% of humic acid in the raw LFL. Owing to the effective removal of hardness (61%) and organics (77%) using MER, the MER-MD system showed higher resistance to the membrane wetting and fouling, with about 61% and 14% higher final vapor flux than those of the MD and EO-MD systems, respectively, and the pure water flux could be fully recovered by alkaline solution cleaning. Moreover, SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR and XRD characterization further demonstrated the superiority of the MD membrane fouling reversibility of the MER-MD system. Energy consumption and carbon emissions analysis showed that the MER-MD system reduced the total energy consumption/carbon emissions by ∼20% and ∼8% compared to the MD and EO-MD systems, respectively, and the ammonia nitrogen recovered by MER could offset 8.25 kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Therefore, the introduction of MER pretreatment in MD process would be an option to decrease energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions for MD treatment of LFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Zhengshi Zhu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Qiankun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Chen Y, He J, Pang H, Jiang P, Qu F, Yu D, Zhang J. New insight into electrochemical denitrification using a self-organized nanoporous V O-Co 3O 4/Co cathode: Plasma-assistant oxygen vacancies catalyzed efficient nitrate reduction. Sci Total Environ 2022; 850:157845. [PMID: 35932858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel self-organized nanoporous VO-Co3O4/Co cathode was prepared via anodization and plasma treatment and obtained a significant nitrate reduction efficiency. In the anodization, an oxide layer with the nano-sized pore structure initially grew in-situ on the Co substrate and showed a better surface area. Subsequently, He-plasma increased surface oxygen vacancies (VO) from 24 % to 57 %. Electrons in vacancies were charged into empty eg orbital of low-spin Co3+(Oh, octahedral) and firstly generated high-spin Co2+(Oh) with the configuration of t2g6eg1, accounting for 71.7 % of cobalt species. Accordingly, two original mechanisms (Vo-catalyzed and Co2+(Oh)-catalyzed) were concluded in this study. Oxygen vacancies increased the charge intensity and served as absorption sites in nitrate reduction. Meanwhile, massive Co2+(Oh) provided electrons in the eg orbital with a higher energy state and mediated the faster electron transfer through a Co2+-Co3+-Co2+ redox cycle, compared with Co2+ (Td, tetrahedral). Ultimately, a faster reaction kinetic of 0.0220 min-1 was achieved by VO-Co3O4 than other cathodes e.g., Co3O4 (0.0150 min-1). Such VO-Co3O4/Co cathode-based denitrification strategy displayed great advantages in engineering application and completely removed 90 % of TN from actual wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Heliang Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Peigen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Dehai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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12
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Du X, Zhi X, Li B, Wang Z, Luo Y, Qu F. Boron doped diamond electro-oxidation coupled with ultrafiltration for Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystins removal in offshore environment: the significance of in-situ generation of chloramine and membrane fouling mitigation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Ouyang R, Huang B, Wei CH, Rong H, Yu H, Qu F, Xiao K, Huang X. Cake Layer Fouling Potential Characterization for Wastewater Reverse Osmosis via Gradient Filtration. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:membranes12080810. [PMID: 36005725 PMCID: PMC9414383 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
It is of great importance to quantitatively characterize feed fouling potential for the effective and efficient prevention and control of reverse osmosis membrane fouling. A gradient filtration method with microfiltration (MF 0.45 μm) → ultrafiltration (UF 100 kDa) → nanofiltration (NF 300 Da) was proposed to extract the cake layer fouling index, I, of different feed foulants in this study. MF, UF, and NF showed high rejection of model suspended solids (kaolin), colloids (sodium alginate and bovine serum albumin), and dissolved organic matters (humic acid) during constant-pressure individual filtration tests, where the cake layer was the dominant fouling mechanism, with I showing a good linear positive correlation with the foulant concentration. MF → UF → NF gradient filtration tests of synthetic wastewater (i.e., model mixture) showed that combined models were more effective than single models to analyze membrane fouling mechanisms. For each membrane of gradient filtration, I showed a positive correlation with the targeted foulant concentration. Therefore, a quantitative assessment method based on MF → UF → NF gradient filtration, the correlation of combined fouling models, and the calculation of I would be useful for characterizing the fouling potentials of different foulants. This method was further successfully applied for characterizing the fouling potential of real wastewater (i.e., sludge supernatant from a membrane bioreactor treating dyeing and finishing wastewater).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulu Ouyang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Huang
- China Railway Conservancy & Hydropower Planning and Design Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Chun-Hai Wei
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (C.-H.W.); (K.X.)
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huarong Yu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Correspondence: (C.-H.W.); (K.X.)
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Yu H, Shangguan S, Xie C, Yang H, Wei C, Rong H, Qu F. Chemical Cleaning and Membrane Aging in MBR for Textile Wastewater Treatment. Membranes 2022; 12:membranes12070704. [PMID: 35877907 PMCID: PMC9316503 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactors have been widely used in textile wastewater treatment. Intensive chemical cleaning is indispensable in the MBR for textile wastewater treatment due to the severe membrane fouling implied. This work investigated the aging of three different membranes, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyether sulfone (PES), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), in the MBRs for textile wastewater treatment. Pilot-scale MBRs were operated and the used membrane was characterized. Batch chemical soaking tests were conducted to elucidate the aging properties of the membranes. The results indicated that the PVDF membrane was most liable to the chemical cleaning, and the PES and PTFE membranes were rather stable. The surface hydrophobicity of the PVDF increased in the acid aging test, and the pore size and pure water flux decreased due to the elevated hydrophobic effect; alkaline oxide aging destructed the structure of the PVDF membrane, enlarged pore size, and increased pure water flux. Chemical cleaning only altered the interfacial properties (hydrophobicity and surface zeta potential) of the PES and PTFE membranes. The fluoro-substitution and the dehydrofluorination of the PVDF, chain scission of the PES molecules, and dehydrofluorination of the PTFE were observed in aging. A chemically stable and anti-aging membrane would be of great importance in the MBR for textile wastewater treatment due to the intensive chemical cleaning applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Siyuan Shangguan
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenyu Xie
- Foshan Nanhai Jinglong Investment Holding Co., Ltd., Foshan 528211, China;
| | - Haiyang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (F.Q.)
| | - Chunhai Wei
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.Y.); (S.S.); (C.W.); (H.R.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (F.Q.)
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15
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Xiong Z, Huang Y, Huang Z, Shi Y, Qu F, Zhang G, Yang J, Zhao S. Confining Nano-Fe 3O 4 in the Superhydrophilic Membrane Skin Layer to Minimize Internal Fouling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:26044-26056. [PMID: 35609300 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Membrane surface fouling is often reversible as it can be mitigated by enhancing the crossflow shear force. However, membrane internal fouling is often irreversible and thus more challenging. In this study, we developed a new superhydrophilic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (P-PVDF) membrane confined with nano-Fe3O4 in the top skin layer via reverse filtration to reduce internal fouling. The surface of the P-PVDF membrane confined with nano-Fe3O4 had superwetting properties (water contact angle reaching 0° within 1 s), increased roughness (from 182 to 239 nm), and enhanced water affinity. The Fe3O4@P-PVDF membrane surface showed a thicker and enhanced hydration layer, which prevented foulants from approaching membrane surfaces and pores, thereby improving the rejection. For example, when 50 ppm humic acid (HA) solution was used as the feed, the removal efficiency of the Fe3O4@P-PVDF membrane was ∼67%, while the HA removal of the P-PVDF membrane was only ∼20%. The results from the resistance-in-series model showed that nanoconfinement of Fe3O4 in the top skin layer of the membrane allowed foulants to accumulate on the membrane surface (i.e., surface fouling) rather than within the internal pores (i.e., internal fouling). The filtration results under crossflow fouling and cleaning confirmed that the Fe3O4@P-PVDF membrane had higher surface fouling but it was much more reversible and much lower internal fouling compared with the control membrane. Our fouling analysis offers new insights into mass transfer mechanisms of the membrane with a nanoconfinement-enhanced hydration layer. This study provides an effective strategy to develop membranes with low internal fouling propensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongshi Huang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zehui Huang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Gaosheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Yang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuaifei Zhao
- Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
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16
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Yang Z, Yu H, Wei G, Ye L, Fan G, Fang Q, Rong H, Qu F. Oxidation-enhanced ferric coagulation for alleviating ultrafiltration membrane fouling by algal organic matter: A comparison of moderate and strong oxidation. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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17
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Zhu T, Qu F, Liu B, Liang H. The influence of environmental factor on the coagulation enhanced ultrafiltration of algae-laden water: Role of two anionic surfactants to the separation performance. Chemosphere 2022; 291:132745. [PMID: 34743800 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, more chemicals that humans rely on are entering the city and surrounding water bodies. Anionic surfactants are one of the essential products for human beings. It is also one of the inducements that cause the eutrophication. The algae-laden water caused by eutrophication is a headache in the traditional water treatment process. To solve the problem, ultrafitration combined process was widely investigated to treat the algae-laden water. The presence of stimuli, low concentration anionic surfactant, probably interfere the performance of ultrafiltration process during algae-laden water treatment. In this study, the influence of two typical anionic surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), on the performance of coagulation-enhanced ultrafiltration was investigated. The aluminum sulfate hydrate and iron sulfate hydrate were respectively employed as coagulant. Based on the residual turbidity and zeta potential, 4 mg/L Al and 8 mg/L Fe were determined as the optimal coagulant dosage. The floc morphology confirmed that Al-algae flocs with lower fractal dimension (Df) were looser and more porous compared to Fe-algae flocs. More coagulant was depleted by LAS due to the better hydrophobicity of LAS. During the filtration process, LAS caused a larger flux reduction compared with SDS regardless of the coagulant that was used. More organic compounds penetrate into membrane pores and block the pores with the presence of LAS since algal cell aggregation was weakened. Finally, the rejection of organic compounds by the coagulation-enhanced ultrafiltration process was studied, and the co-existing surfactants can cause effluent deterioration. Therefore, the presence of surfactants has a negative effect to the ultrafiltration treatment of algae-laden water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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18
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Liu W, Yang K, Qu F, Liu B. A moderate activated sulfite pre-oxidation on ultrafiltration treatment of algae-laden water: Fouling mitigation, organic rejection, cell integrity and cake layer property. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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19
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Zhu T, Zhou Z, Qu F, Liu B, Van der Bruggen B. Separation performance of ultrafiltration during the treatment of algae-laden water in the presence of an anionic surfactant. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Yu H, Du C, Qu F, He J, Rong H. Efficient biostimulants for bacterial quorum quenching to control fouling in MBR. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131689. [PMID: 34352546 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ), which disrupts bacterial communication and biofilm formation, could alleviate biofouling in MBR. QQ bio-stimulus possessing similar conserved moiety as the signal molecule could promote indigenous QQ bacteria, and thus successfully alleviate biofouling in MBR. However, efficient biostimulant has been barely explored for QQ enhancement in activated sludge system. This study extensively enumerated the potential QQ bio-stimuli, and examined their efficacy on QQ promotion for activated sludge. Moreover, the effect of the QQ consortia on fouling mitigation was also investigated. The results indicated that gamma-caprolactone (GCL), d-xylonic acid-1,4-lactone (XAL), gamma-heptalactone (GHL), urea, and acetamide proved effective in promoting AHLs inactivating activity of activated sludge. GCL, XAL, and GHL intensified the lactonase activity, while urea and acetamide augmented acylase activity. While coupled with beads entrapment, GCL consortia beads, XAL consortia beads, and urea consortia beads effectively disrupted quorum sensing (QS) and controlled membrane fouling in MBR. This work found out several optional bio-stimuli valid for tuning QQ in activated sludge system, and provided easily available and economical alternatives for QQ biostimulation, meanwhile the proposed QQ-MBR approach through QQ biostimulation and consortia entrapment also proved effective and practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaorng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chenyu Du
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Junguo He
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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21
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Fan G, Zhang J, Zhan J, Luo J, Lin J, Qu F, Du B, Tang D, Xie B, Yan Z. Recyclable self-floating A-GUN-coated foam as effective visible-light-driven photocatalyst for inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa. J Hazard Mater 2021; 419:126407. [PMID: 34175707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a recyclable self-floating A-GUN-coated (Ag/AgCl@g-C3N4@UIO-66(NH2)-coated) foam was fabricated for effective inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) under visible light. The floating photocatalyst was able to inactivate 98% of M. aeruginosa within 180 min under the visible-light irrigation, and the floating photocatalyst exhibited a stable performance in various conditions. Moreover, the inactivation efficiency can still maintain nearly 92% after five times recycle experiments, showing excellent photocatalytic stability. Furthermore, effects of A-GUN/SMF floating catalyst on the physiological properties, cellular organics, and algal functional groups of M. aeruginosa were studied. The floating photocatalyst can not only make full use of excellent photocatalytic activities of A-GUN nanocomposite, but also promote contact between catalyst and algae, and realize the effective recovery of the photocatalyst. Finally, possible photocatalytic inactivation mechanisms of algae were obtained, which provides references for removing cyanobacteria blooms in real water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jiajun Zhan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., 350002 Fujian, China
| | - Jiuyang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, School of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Dingsheng Tang
- CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Xiamen Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Binghan Xie
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China.
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22
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Liu F, Qu F, Žutić I, Xie S, Liu D, Fonseca ALA, Malard M. Robust Topological Nodal-Line Semimetals from Periodic Vacancies in Two-Dimensional Materials. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5710-5715. [PMID: 34128659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A nodal-line semimetal (NLSM) is suppressed in the presence of spin-orbit coupling unless it is protected by a nonsymmorphic symmetry. We show that two-dimensional (2D) materials can realize robust NLSMs when vacancies are introduced on the lattice. As a case study we investigate borophene, a boron honeycomb-like sheet. While the Dirac cones of pristine borophene are shown to be gapped out by spin-orbit coupling and by magnetic exchange, robust nodal lines (NLs) emerge in the spectrum when selected atoms are removed. We propose an effective 2D model and a symmetry analysis to demonstrate that these NLs are topological and protected by a nonsymmorphic glide plane. Our findings offer a paradigm shift to the design of NLSMs: instead of searching for nonsymmorphic materials, robust NLSMs may be realized simply by removing atoms from ordinary symmorphic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liu
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - F Qu
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - I Žutić
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - S Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - D Liu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - A L A Fonseca
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - M Malard
- Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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23
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Gardner RS, Quartieri F, Betts TR, Afzal M, Manyam H, Badie N, Dawoud F, Sabet L, Davis K, Qu F, Ryu K, Ip J. Reducing clinical review burden for insertable cardiac monitors. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) is an essential tool for the ambulatory diagnosis of arrhythmias. However, definitive diagnoses still rely on time-consuming, manual adjudication of electrograms (EGMs) transmitted to the patient care network. This EGM review burden may be minimized by automatically selecting a subset of EGMs for fast review without delaying the diagnosis.
Purpose
Develop EGM selection strategies to reduce the EGM review burden without delaying diagnoses.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 1,000 randomly selected Abbott Confirm Rx devices with 90+ days of remote transmission history was performed, regardless of transmission frequency, and all EGMs were adjudicated as either true or false positive (TP, FP). Up to 3 EGMs per day per arrhythmia type were prioritized for review based on ventricular rate and episode duration, with rules specific to each arrhythmia type: atrial fibrillation (AF), tachycardia, bradycardia, and pause. The resulting reduction in EGM review burden and TP days (patient-days with at least 1 TP EGM), as well as any diagnostic delay from the first transmitted TP, were calculated relative to reviewing all transmitted EGMs.
Results
In this population and transmission period, at least one AF, tachycardia, bradycardia, and pause EGM was transmitted by 424, 343, 190, and 325 unique devices, respectively, with a total of 35,723, 12,239, 19,752, and 28,002 EGMs, and a total of 6,163, 1,572, 1,438, and 646 TP days. For these patients with ≥1 EGM, the median [IQR] EGM transmission rate was 2.6 [0.7, 11.6], 1.1 [0.4, 4.7], 2.1 [0.6, 10.7], and 3.4 [0.6, 29.9] EGMs/patient/month, respectively. The optimal EGM selection strategy reduced this EGM review burden by 43%, 67%, 76%, and 50%, while only missing 3.4%, 2.2%, 0.3%, and 0.2% of TP days, respectively. Ultimately, 97%, 99%, 99%, and 99% of devices with a TP AF, tachycardia, bradycardia, or pause EGM exhibited no diagnostic delay vs. reviewing all transmitted EGMs.
Conclusion
EGM prioritization rules for selecting up to 3 episodes/day significantly reduced EGM burden across all patients, not just "frequent fliers," with no delay-to-diagnosis in >97% of patients who exhibited a true arrhythmia. Implementing these rules on the patient care network may improve clinical workflow and ICM patient management. Abstract Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- RS Gardner
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - F Quartieri
- Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - TR Betts
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Afzal
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States of America
| | - H Manyam
- Erlanger Health System, Chattanooga, United States of America
| | - N Badie
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - F Dawoud
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - L Sabet
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - K Davis
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - F Qu
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - K Ryu
- Abbott, Sylmar, United States of America
| | - J Ip
- Sparrow Clinical Research Institute, Lansing, United States of America
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24
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Fan G, Zhan J, Luo J, Lin J, Qu F, Du B, You Y, Yan Z. Fabrication of heterostructured Ag/AgCl@g-C 3N 4@UIO-66(NH 2) nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa under visible light. J Hazard Mater 2021; 404:124062. [PMID: 33068992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel Ag/AgCl@g-C3N4@UIO-66(NH2) heterojunction was constructed for photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) under visible light. The photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile method and characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, XPS, FT-IR, UV-vis DRS, PL and EIS. The nanocomposite can not only provide lots of active sites, but also improve capacities to utilize visible-light energy and effectively transfer charge carriers, thus enhancing removal efficiencies of cyanobacteria (99.9% chlorophyll a was degraded within 180 min). Various factors in photodegradation of chlorophyll a were studied. Besides, changes on cellular morphologies, membrane permeability, physiological activities of M. aeruginosa during photocatalysis were investigated. Moreover, the cycle test indicated that Ag/AgCl@g-C3N4@UIO-66(NH2) exhibits excellent reusability and photocatalytic stability. Finally, a possible mechanism of M. aeruginosa inactivation was proposed. In a word, Ag/AgCl@g-C3N4@UIO-66(NH2) can efficiently inactivate cyanobacteria under visible light, thus providing useful references for further removal of harmful algae in real water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China
| | - Jiajun Zhan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., 350002 Fujian, China
| | - Jiuyang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, School of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Yifan You
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China.
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Yan Z, Qu F, Liang H, Yu H, Pang H, Rong H, Fan G, Van der Bruggen B. Effect of biopolymers and humic substances on gypsum scaling and membrane wetting during membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yu H, Qu F, Wu Z, He J, Rong H, Liang H. Front-face fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) for direct analysis of flocculated suspension without sample preparation in coagulation-ultrafiltration for wastewater reclamation. Water Res 2020; 187:116452. [PMID: 33002775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy has been suggested as a promising online monitoring technique in water and wastewater treatment processes due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. However, a pre-filtration is still indispensable in fluorescence measurement for removing ubiquitous particles and flocs in real samples to eliminate the strong light scattering that could attenuate fluorescence detection significantly. This study proposed a front-face fluorescence spectroscopy, which could characterize the liquid sample with suspended solids directly without pre-filtration. Front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) coupled with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis was used for analyzing fluorescence components and to probe coagulation of secondary effluent and fouling in the subsequent ultrafiltration (UF), and conventional right-angle fluorescence EEM (RA-EEM) was also compared. The results showed that FF-EEM was less susceptible to turbidity (induced by standard particles) in the secondary effluent compared to RA-EEM. FF-EEM could successfully measure dissolved fluorophores in coagulated suspension without pre-filtration, while conventional RA-EEM was undermined significantly due to the existing flocs. FF-EEM coupled with PARAFAC could accurately probe dissolved organic matter and fouling in coagulation- UF wastewater reclamation processes. Therefore, it was demonstrated that this front-face fluorescence without any sample preparation step might be highly promising in real-time online fluorescence monitoring in multi water and wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zijian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Junguo He
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Ma SY, Wei P, Qu F. KCNMA1-AS1 attenuates apoptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells and serves as a risk factor for poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:4629-4641. [PMID: 31210304 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201906_18041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of KCNMA1-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and its underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS We first screened out the differentially expressed lncRNAs (KCNMA1-AS1) in the GEO (gene expression omnibus) database. The relationship between KCNMA1-AS1 expression and prognosis of EOC with different pathological types was analyzed by meta-analysis. Subsequently, KCNMA1-AS1 expressions in EOC tissues and normal ovarian tissues were detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlation between KCNMA1-AS1 level with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of EOC was analyzed. Furthermore, proliferation and migration of EOC cells transfected with the corresponding plasmids were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assay, respectively. Apoptosis-related genes in EOC cells were detected by Western blot. RESULTS KCNMA1-AS1 was a risk factor for prognosis in high-grade, advanced and serous EOC. Upregulated KCNMA1-AS1 was found in EOC tissues than that of normal tissues, showing the diagnostic potential of KCNMA1-AS1 in EOC. Statistical analysis indicated that KCNMA1-AS1 was not correlated with the DFS, OS, age, histological type, lymph node metastasis and recurrence, but related to FIGO stage of EOC patients. For in vitro experiments, the proliferation and migration of were enhanced, and apoptosis of HO8910 cells overexpressing KCNMA1-AS1 was inhibited. Furthermore, elevated expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, as well as reduced expression of Bcl-xL, were observed after KCNMA1-AS1 knockdown in EOC cells. CONCLUSIONS KCNMA1-AS1 is overexpressed in EOC and negatively correlated with its prognosis. KCNMA1-AS1 participates in the occurrence and development of EOC by promoting proliferation, migration and inhibiting apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells via apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Ma
- Clinical Experimental Teaching Center/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital/School of General Medicine of Xi'an Medical Universi-ty Xi'an, China.
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Qu F, Yang Z, Gao S, Yu H, He J, Rong H, Tian J. Impacts of Natural Organic Matter Adhesion on Irreversible Membrane Fouling during Surface Water Treatment Using Ultrafiltration. Membranes (Basel) 2020; 10:membranes10090238. [PMID: 32957473 PMCID: PMC7557390 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To understand impacts of organic adhesion on membrane fouling, ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling by dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) was investigated in the presence of background cations (Na+ and Ca2+) at typical concentrations in surface water. Moreover, NOM adhesion on the UF membrane was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) with colloidal probes and a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The results indicated that the adhesion forces at the NOM-membrane interface increased in the presence of background cations, particularly Ca2+, and that the amount of adhered NOM increased due to reduced electrostatic repulsion. However, the membrane permeability was almost not affected by background cations in the pore blocking-dominated phase but was aggravated to some extent in the cake filtration-governed phase. More importantly, the irreversible NOM fouling was not correlated with the amount of adhered NOM. The assumption for membrane autopsies is doubtful that retained or adsorbed organic materials are necessarily a primary cause of membrane fouling, particularly the irreversible fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (F.Q.); (Z.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Zhimeng Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (F.Q.); (Z.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Shanshan Gao
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China;
| | - Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (F.Q.); (Z.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (F.Q.); (Z.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (F.Q.); (Z.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Jiayu Tian
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1392-8755-563
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Pang H, Pan X, Li L, He J, Zheng Y, Qu F, Ma Y, Cui B, Nan J, Liu Y. An innovative alkaline protease-based pretreatment approach for enhanced short-chain fatty acids production via a short-term anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge. Bioresour Technol 2020; 312:123397. [PMID: 32526667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reported a novel pretreatment approach with combination of alkaline protease (AP) and pH 10 for enhancing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production from waste activated sludge (WAS). Through the AP-based pretreatment, WAS flocs were disintegrated with cell lysis, leading to release of biodegradable organic matters. At the external AP dosage of 5%, SCOD of 5363.7 mg/L (SCOD/TCOD = 32.5%) was achievable after 2-h pretreatment. More than 66% of SCOD was composed of proteins and carbohydrates. Considerable SCFAs of 607 mg COD/g VSS was produced over a short-term anaerobic fermentation of 3 days, which was 5.4 times higher than that in the control. Acetic and propionic acids accounted for 74.1% of the SCFAs. The AP-based approach increased endogenous protease and α-glucosidase activities, facilitating biodegradation of dissolved organic matters and SCFAs production. Such approach is promising for WAS disposal and carbon recovery, the produced SCFAs might supply 60% of carbon gap in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heliang Pang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Xinlei Pan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yanshi Zheng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingqun Ma
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Baihui Cui
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Jun Nan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Qu F, Liu J, Yang AP, Tu RL. Blood procalcitonin and c-reactive protein in distinguishing between bacterial and mycoplasma community-acquired pneumonia in children. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1739-1744. [PMID: 33155458 DOI: 10.23812/20-54-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - A P Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - R L Tu
- Department of Neonatal Paediatrics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Pang H, Chen Y, He J, Guo D, Pan X, Ma Y, Qu F, Nan J. Cation exchange resin-induced hydrolysis for improving biodegradability of waste activated sludge: Characterization of dissolved organic matters and microbial community. Bioresour Technol 2020; 302:122870. [PMID: 32004809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study reported an efficient and green approach towards facilitating hydrolysis of waste activated sludge (WAS) using cation exchange resin (CER) as a recyclable additive. Through CER-mediated removal of multivalent cations, WAS flocs were disintegrated into small particles with extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) solubilization. At CER dosage of 1.75 g/g SS, SCOD increased to 2579 mg/L (SCOD/TCOD = 15.9%) after 8-h hydrolysis. Afterwards, CER displayed further sludge hydrolysis performance lasting 2 days, i.e. SCOD/TCOD = 34.2%. Meanwhile, proteins, carbohydrates and other organics in dissolved organic matters (DOMs) were major contributors for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation, with composition percentage: VFAs (58.9%) > proteins (21.8%) > other organics (8.8%) > humic acids (5.9%) > carbohydrates (4.4%). The biodegradable tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like proteins were major proteins, while other organics included amino acids, aliphatic and metabolic intermediates. More than 85.2% of DOMs were easily biodegradable. Moreover, CER-induced hydrolysis modified microbial community structure through inhibiting VFAs-utilizing microbes, while hydrolytic-acidogenic bacteria were enriched, responsible for DOMs biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heliang Pang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Yiwen Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Dabin Guo
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Xinlei Pan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yingqun Ma
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jun Nan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Qu F, Pasca A, Kong C, Winslow M, Sage J. B23 Unraveling the Mechanisms of Small-Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastasis. J Thorac Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fan G, Zhou J, Zheng X, Luo J, Hong L, Qu F. Fast photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa by metal-organic frameworks under visible light. Chemosphere 2020; 239:124721. [PMID: 31493752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) were applied to inactivate algae under visible light with low doses. Five MOFs with different compositions (Zn and Fe; carboxylates or imidazolates) were successfully synthesized and characterized by XRD, SEM and UV-vis. The effects of MOFs on Microcystis aeruginosa were evaluated with regard to morphology characteristics, physiological activity, cell integrity and pigment degradation. The results indicated that Ag/AgCl@ZIF-8 outperformed MOF-235, ZIF-8, Bi2WO6/MIL-100(Fe) and BiOBr/MOF-5 in the degradation of chlorophyll a at the dose of 10 mg L-1. After 6 h of irradiation, 93.1% of Microcystis aeruginosa died and was unable to regrow and reproduce, which was demonstrated by changes in cell morphology, damage of cell membrane integrity and antioxidant enzyme system. Besides, the intracellular organic matter (IOM) and extracellular organic matter (EOM) were proven to be efficiently removed by MOF-assisted photocatalytic inactivation. Superoxide radical (O2·-) was demonstrated to be the major reactive oxygen species. A probable mechanism was proposed that the electrons in the valence band of Ag/AgCl@ZIF-8 transfer into the conduction band under irradiation to produce O2·- which inactivated the algae cells. Furthermore, Ag/AgCl@ZIF-8 can effectively remove Microcystis aeruginosa under sunlight and is of great application prospects for algae removal in real water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Jinjin Zhou
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Liang Hong
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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Yan Z, Yang H, Qu F, Zhang H, Rong H, Yu H, Liang H, Ding A, Li G, Van der Bruggen B. Application of membrane distillation to anaerobic digestion effluent treatment: Identifying culprits of membrane fouling and scaling. Sci Total Environ 2019; 688:880-889. [PMID: 31255825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) has great potential in the treatment of high-salinity and low-biodegradability wastewater, but membrane fouling restricts its real applications. In this work, MD was applied to treat anaerobic digestion effluent, and the feed pH was adjusted to investigate the membrane organic fouling and inorganic scaling. The results show that the fouling of MD membranes during the treatment of anaerobic digestion effluent was substantially alleviated at a low feed pH (pH=5). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to characterize the fouled membranes. The MD membrane scaling was primarily attributed to the deposition of calcium-, magnesium-, phosphate-, and silicon-related inorganic compounds during the treatment of cow dung anaerobic digestion effluent. Feed acidification significantly decreased inorganic scaling as well as fouling by organic matter, and organic fouling dominated the fouling process in the low-pH environment. By comparing the components in acid and alkaline cleaning solutions, it was found that the deposition of organics on the membranes via adsorption to inorganic scaling was the primary cause of more severe organic fouling with increasing feed pH. Hence, restricting inorganic scaling could be an effective way to control MD membrane fouling by organics during treatment of anaerobic digestion effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Yan
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Haiyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Yu H, Qu F, Zhang X, Shao S, Rong H, Liang H, Bai L, Ma J. Development of correlation spectroscopy (COS) method for analyzing fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM): A case study of effluent organic matter (EfOM) ozonation. Chemosphere 2019; 228:35-43. [PMID: 31022618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) has been used as a powerful tool for analyzing spectral features, but it has never been applied to fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) data due to the incompatible dimensions. This study first investigated EEM-COS by reducing the dimensions of the EEM (using parallel factor analysis, PARAFAC) for fitting to 2DCOS (EEM-PARAFAC-COS). The fluorescence changes of effluent organic matter (EfOM) during ozonation were studied using EEM-COS and synchronous fluorescence (SF)-2DCOS. The conventionally used SF-2DCOS proved to be biased due to the intrinsic drawback of SF, while the EEM-PARAFAC-COS gave accurate and trustworthy results. Homo-EEM-PARAFAC-COS indicated that the fluorescence protein-like and fulvic-like substances in EfOM were preferentially ozonated compared to humic-like substances. Hetero-EEM-PARAFAC-COS analyses on the EEM, FTIR, UV-vis absorbance, and size-exclusion chromatography showed that the fluorescence protein-like and fulvic-like substances in EfOM were associated with lower molecular weight (MW, ∼0.95 kDa), UV absorbance at ∼280 nm, and more electron-enriched aromatics (with amide and phenolic groups), which explained their ozonation preference, while humic-like substances were related to carboxylic groups, UV absorbance at ∼255 nm, and organics at MW of ∼4.50 kDa. This work demonstrated the great potential of EEM-PARAFAC-COS in studying fluorescence change and correlating fluorescence with other spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Senlin Shao
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Langming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Fan G, Bao M, Zheng X, Hong L, Zhan J, Chen Z, Qu F. Growth inhibition of harmful cyanobacteria by nanocrystalline Cu-MOF-74: Efficiency and its mechanisms. J Hazard Mater 2019; 367:529-538. [PMID: 30641423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) as a new type of nanomaterials are extensively used in various fields of environment pollution remediation. However, the MOFs are rarely applied in the removal of cyanobacterial blooms, and more fundamental investigation is warrant for more insights into mechanisms for algae inhibition. In this study, Cu-MOF-74 was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method, and its inhibitory effect on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa was studied. Furthermore, its mechanisms were explored with respect to metal ion release, agglomeration, shading and algal cell membrane breakage, production of extracellular hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species. The results showed that the inhibition rate of M. aeruginosa was 372% after 24-h exposure when the concentration of Cu-MOF-74 exceeded 1 mg/L. However, the addition of Cu-MOF-74 at the concentration lower than 0.1 mg/L promoted the algal growth. The inhibition of algal growth by Cu-MOF-74 was basically attributed to the presence of hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species, with the released Cu2+ and cell aggregation involved to some extent. Overall, nanocrystalline Cu-MOF-74 is of great potential in the control of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and the inhibition is specific to the concentration of Cu-MOF-74.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China.
| | - Minchen Bao
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Liang Hong
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jiajun Zhan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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Yu H, Wu Z, Zhang X, Qu F, Wang P, Liang H. Characterization of fluorescence foulants on ultrafiltration membrane using front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) spectroscopy: Fouling evolution and mechanism analysis. Water Res 2019; 148:546-555. [PMID: 30445360 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of fouling behavior and mechanism is critical for fouling control in membrane processes. This study adopted a novel fluorescence front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) approach to characterize the fluorescence foulants deposited on membrane surface. Methods for quantifying protein and humic substances deposited on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane were established. Foulants deposited on the membrane surface during the UF of model foulants (bovine serum albumin (BSA) and humic acids (HA)) and wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) were quantified using the FF-EEM and liquid EEM coupled with mass balance calculation. The foulants mass data obtained by FF-EEM were further used to analyze fouling mechanism involved in UF. The FF-EEM based method was more accurate than the liquid EEM based method, as the problems associated with liquid EEM based method (such as the error propagation in the mass balance calculation and the ineffectiveness of inner filter correction) were avoided in FF-EEM based method. The fouling resistance did not correlate well with the amount of foulants, as the major fouling mechanism instead of the mass of foulants mainly determined the extent of fouling. This work demonstrated FF-EEM could be a powerful tool for investigating fouling evolution and fouling mechanism in UF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Guo S, Liang H, Bai L, Qu F, Ding A, Ji B, Wang X, Li G. Synergistic effects of wheat straw powder and persulfate/Fe(II) on enhancing sludge dewaterability. Chemosphere 2019; 215:333-341. [PMID: 30326439 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of wheat straw powder (WSP) used as physical conditioner on sludge dewatering was investigated under sodium persulfate (SPS)/Fe(II) oxidation. Sludge dewatering performance in terms of capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and moisture content (MC) was enhanced with increasing WSP and SPS dosages. The results showed presence of synergistic effect in WSP and SPS conditioning system, with sludge CST and SRF reduced by 43.9% and 65.6%, respectively, after dosing 0.75 g/g DS (dry solid) WSP, 120 mg/g DS SPS and 33 mg/g DS Fe(II), indicating that sludge dewatering became more easily. Correspondingly, bound water was released and decreased from 5.75 g/g DS to 1.5 g/g DS and deep dewatered sludge MC reached to 58.2% under 2 MPa pressure. Mechanically, tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) with larger molecular weights were oxidized and degraded into loosely bound-EPS (LB-EPS) and soluble organic matter with smaller molecular weights by SPS/Fe(II). Additionally, the organic matters released from or still in WSP was also oxidized resulting in more channels and less fine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Guo
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, School of Urban Construct, 2 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Langming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Bin Ji
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, School of Urban Construct, 2 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xun Wang
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, School of Urban Construct, 2 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
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Wang FF, Wu Y, Zhu YH, Ding T, Batterham RL, Qu F, Hardiman PJ. Pharmacologic therapy to induce weight loss in women who have obesity/overweight with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1424-1445. [PMID: 30066361 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are almost three times more likely to be obese than those without PCOS. However, we have no specific interventions to induce weight loss so far and rely on drugs used to treat other symptoms of the syndrome or obesity in the general population. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of metformin, inositol, liraglutide and orlistat to induce weight loss in women with PCOS and overweight/obesity. METHODS A search was conducted using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and CENTRAL databases. Individually randomized, parallel group trials that evaluated the effects of these pharmacological treatments among adults or adolescents with PCOS and overweight/obesity, compared with a placebo or metformin group, were considered eligible. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD 42017076625. RESULTS Twenty-three trials reporting on 941 women were included in the network meta-analysis. The amount of weight lost differed significantly among the drugs (in descending order): liraglutide, orlistat and metformin. Liraglutide alone, liraglutide/metformin and metformin alone significantly reduced waist circumference, but no change was found with orlistat. Data for waist-to-hip ratio were only available for metformin, which had no significant effect. CONCLUSION Liraglutide appears superior to the other drugs in reducing weight and waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-F Wang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Women's Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Y Wu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y-H Zhu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - T Ding
- Department of Statistical Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - R L Batterham
- Center for Obesity Research, UCL, London, UK.,National Institute of Health Research, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - F Qu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Women's Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - P J Hardiman
- Institute of Women's Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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Shen XZ, Qu F, Li CB, Qi W, Lu X, Li HL, Guo Q, Wang JT, Zhao G, Liu YJ. Comparison between a novel human cortical bone screw and bioabsorbable interference screw for graft fixation of ACL reconstruction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22:111-118. [PMID: 30004555 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201807_15372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the mechanical behavior of a novel bioabsorbable cortical interference screw (BCIS) with bioabsorbable interference screw (BIS; Polylactate hydroxyapatite) used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in femoral and tibial fixation with doubled Achilles tendon graft in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS 30 paired goat knee specimens were harvested from 15 male sheep aged 18 months. All soft tissues were stripped from the bones of 20 paired specimens, and the last 10 paired specimens were stripped all soft tissues besides ACL (femur-ACL-tibia complex). The Achilles tendon was harvested as graft for ACL reconstruction. The specimens were divided into several groups: BCIS femoral fixation (group A, n=10), BIS femoral fixation (group B, n=10), BCIS tibial fixation (group C, n=10), BIS tibial fixation (group D, n=10), Group E is femur-ACL-tibia complex (n=10). Cyclic loading test was performed from 50 to 250 N at 1 Hz for 1000 cycles and followed by a load-to-failure test at 25 mm/sec. A paired t-test was used to compare the biomechanical properties of group A, B, E and group C, D, E. RESULTS No fixation structures failed during the cyclic phase. Cyclic displacement for group B was superior to group A, and showed statistically significant difference after 30, 100, 500, 1000 cycles. Group E got minimum cyclic displacements compared with group A and group B, and showed statistically significant difference after 500, 1000 cycles compared with group A. Cyclic displacement for group D was superior to group C, and showed statistically significant difference after 100, 500, 1000 cycles. Group E got minimum cyclic displacements compared with group C and group D, and showed statistically significant difference after 500,1000 cycles compared with group C. Regarding MFL, group A was superior to group B (572.10±111.12 N vs. 413.96±34.56 N, p=0.118), group E was superior to group A (599.74±85.45N vs. 572.10±111.12 N, p=0.992), and group C was superior to group D (802.88±240.07 N vs. 415.63±51.9 N, p<0.001), group C was superior to group E (802.88±240.07 N vs. 599.74±85.45 N, p=0.024). Regarding YL, group A was superior to group B (521.57±93.96 N vs. 366.99±44.66 N, p=0.109), group E was superior to group A (565.37±66.05 N vs. 521.57±93.96 N, p=0.952), and group C was superior to group D (735.63±242.91 N vs. 394.49±31.90 N, p<0.001), group C was superior to group E (735.63±242.91 N vs. 565.37±66.05 N, p=0.063). Regarding stiffness, group A was superior to group B (157.36±34.31 N/mm vs. 91.98±25.57 N/mm, p=0.001), group E was superior to group A (181.35±25.42 N vs. 157.36±34.31 N/mm, p=0.529), and group C was superior to group D (175.28±43.19 N/mm vs. 128.24±18.92 N/mm, p=0.032), group E was superior to group C (181.35±25.42 N/mm vs. 175.28±43.19 N/mm, p=0.995). CONCLUSIONS In vitro, this experimental study suggested the biomechanical properties of novel bioabsorbable cortical interference screw (BCIS) were superior to bioabsorbable interference screw (BIS) used for femoral and tibial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in a goat knee model.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Z Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Luo X, Liang H, Qu F, Ding A, Cheng X, Tang CY, Li G. Free-standing hierarchical α-MnO 2@CuO membrane for catalytic filtration degradation of organic pollutants. Chemosphere 2018; 200:237-247. [PMID: 29494904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic membrane, due to its compact reactor assembling, high catalytic performance as well as low energy consumption, has proved to be more attractive for wastewater treatment. In this work, a free-standing α-MnO2@CuO membrane with hierarchical nanostructures was prepared and evaluated as the catalytic membrane to generate radicals from peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the oxidative degradation of organic dyes in aqueous solution. Benefiting from the high mass transport efficiency and the hierarchical nanostructures, a superior catalytic activity of the membrane was observed for organic dyes degradation. As a typical organic dye, more than 99% of methylene blue (MB) was degraded within 0.23 s using dead-end filtration cell. The effects of flow rate, PMS concentration and buffer solution on MB degradation were further investigated. Besides MB, the catalytic membrane also showed excellent performance for the removal of other dyes, such as congo red, methyl orange, rhodamine B, acid chrome blue K and malachite green. Moreover, the mechanism study indicated that OH and SO4- generated from the interaction between PMS and Mn/Cu species with different oxidation states mainly accounted for the dyes degradation. The catalytic filtration process using α-MnO2@CuO catalytic membrane could provide a novel method for wastewater purification with high efficiency and low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Yu H, Qu F, Zhang X, Wang P, Li G, Liang H. Effect of quorum quenching on biofouling and ammonia removal in membrane bioreactor under stressful conditions. Chemosphere 2018; 199:114-121. [PMID: 29433024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ) has been used to control biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs), but the effect of QQ on the performance of MBR has not been systematically studied. This study investigated the effect of QQ on ammonia removal in MBR especially in some stressful conditions. The results showed that membrane fouling was effectively alleviated by QQ in all conditions. For the short HRT (3.94 h), the ammonia removal in QQ-MBR was fluctuating. In the presence of nitrification inhibitors (acetonitrile and allylthiourea) or at low temperature (10 °C), QQ induced much more significant suppression on nitrification in batch test and MBR. The number of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was not decreasing in these situations, which indicated that QQ only suppressed the activity of AOB. In all, comprehensive considerations should be taken into account when applying a QS tuning strategy to a bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Tian J, Wu C, Yu H, Gao S, Li G, Cui F, Qu F. Applying ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) pre-oxidation for controlling ultrafiltration membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water. Water Res 2018; 132:190-199. [PMID: 29331907 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is a recognized obstacle for the application of ultrafiltration (UF) for drinking water treatment. In this study, ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) oxidation was employed as a pretreatment to control membrane fouling caused by natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water. The effects of UV/PS pretreatment on amounts and characteristics of NOM were investigated in terms of dissolved organic carbon, fluorescent spectrum, molecular weight distribution and hydrophobicity. UF membrane fouling during filtration of raw and pre-oxidized water was compared with transmembrane pressure development, and the fouled membranes were further characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that NOM was considerably degraded and partially mineralized (∼58%) by UV/PS pretreatment at a PS dose not exceeding 0.6 mM and a UV irradiation time within 120 min, which was attributed to the generation of sulfate and hydroxyl radicals. The fluorescent compounds in NOM were almost completely degraded (>98%) by the UV/PS pretreatment at a PS dose of 0.4 mM, except for tyrosine-like proteins (∼80%). Moreover, UV/PS pretreatment decreased the ratio of macromolecular compounds and increased the hydrophilic fractions, resulting in reduced NOM adhesion to the membrane. Hence, irreversible fouling by NOM was significantly retarded (∼75%) by the UV/PS pretreatment due to reduction in NOM, and more importantly by preferential degradation of fluorescent, macromolecular and hydrophobic compounds. Fouling control performance was considerably improved at increased PS doses and extended UV irradiation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Tian
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Cuiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fuyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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Orsi Gordo V, Balanta MAG, Galvão Gobato Y, Covre FS, Galeti HVA, Iikawa F, Couto ODD, Qu F, Henini M, Hewak DW, Huang CC. Revealing the nature of low-temperature photoluminescence peaks by laser treatment in van der Waals epitaxially grown WS 2 monolayers. Nanoscale 2018; 10:4807-4815. [PMID: 29469923 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00719e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) are promising materials for optoelectronics devices. However, one of the challenges is to fabricate large-scale growth of high quality TMD monolayers with the desired properties in order to expand their use in potential applications. Here, we demonstrate large-scale tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayers grown by van der Waals Epitaxy (VdWE). We show that, in addition to the large structural uniformity and homogeneity of these samples, their optical properties are very sensitive to laser irradiation. We observe a time instability in the photoluminescence (PL) emission at low temperatures in the scale of seconds to minutes. Interestingly, this change of the PL spectra with time, which is due to laser induced carrier doping, is employed to successfully distinguish the emission of two negatively charged bright excitons. Furthermore, we also detect blinking sharp bound exciton emissions which are usually attractive for single photon sources. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of this complex carrier dynamics induced by laser irradiation which is very important for future optoelectronic devices based on large scale TMD monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Orsi Gordo
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Zhu Z, Liu Y, Hou H, Shi W, Qu F, Cui F, Wang W. Dual-Bioinspired Design for Constructing Membranes with Superhydrophobicity for Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:3027-3036. [PMID: 29389116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Water flux and durability are the two critical parameters that are closely associated with the practical application of membrane distillation (MD). Herein, we report a facile approach to fabricate superhydrophobic polyimide nanofibrous membranes (PI NFMs) with hierarchical structures, interconnected pores, and high porosity, which was derived from the electrospinning, dual-bioinspired design, and fluorination processes. Bioinspired adhesive based on polydopamine /polyethylenimine (PDA/PEI) composite was first linked onto membrane substrates and then assembled lotus leaf hierarchical structure by binding the negatively charged silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) via electrostatic attraction. The resultant superhydrophobic PI NFMs exhibit a water contact angle of 152°, robust hot water resistance of 85 °C, and high water entry pressure of 42 kPa. Moreover, the membrane with omniphobicity presents high water flux over 31 L m-2 h-1 and high salts rejection of ∼100% as well as robust durability for treating high salinity wastewater containing typical low surface tension and dissolved contaminants (Δ T = 40 °C). Significantly, the novel dual-bioinspired method can be used as a universal tool to modify various materials with hierarchical structures, which is expected to provide more effective alternative membranes for MD and even for other selective wetting separation fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
| | - Haoqing Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang 330022 , P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , P. R. China
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Liu B, Qu F, Yu H, Tian J, Chen W, Liang H, Li G, Van der Bruggen B. Membrane Fouling and Rejection of Organics during Algae-Laden Water Treatment Using Ultrafiltration: A Comparison between in Situ Pretreatment with Fe(II)/Persulfate and Ozone. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:765-774. [PMID: 29251922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, in situ pretreatments with ozone and Fe(II)/persulfate were employed to suppress membrane fouling during the filtration of algae-laden water and to improve the rejection of metabolites. Both ozonation and Fe(II)/persulfate pretreatments negatively impacted the cell integrity, especially ozonation. Fe(II)/persulfate pretreatment improved the removal of dissolved organic carbon and microcystin-LR, but ozonation resulted in a deterioration in the quality of the filtered water. This suggests that the Fe(II)/persulfate oxidation is selective for organic degradation over cell damage. With ozonation, 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin were detected in the filtered water, and the irreversible fouling increased. The intracellular organic release and generation of small organic compounds with ozonation may be the reason for the increased membrane fouling. Fe(II)/persulfate oxidation substantially mitigated the membrane-fouling resistance at concentrations over 0.2 mM compared to the membrane-fouling resistance without oxidation. The combined effect of oxidation and coagulation is likely the reason for the excellent fouling control with Fe(II)/persulfate pretreatment. Membrane fouling during the filtration of algae-laden water is successively governed by complete-blocking and cake-filtration mechanisms. Ozonation caused a shift in the initial major mechanism to intermediate blocking, and the Fe(II)/persulfate pretreatment (>0.2 mM) converted the dominant mechanism into single-standard blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jiayu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
| | | | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology , Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Gedling CR, Ali EM, Gunadi A, Finer JJ, Xie K, Liu Y, Yoshikawa N, Qu F, Dorrance AE. Improved apple latent spherical virus-induced gene silencing in multiple soybean genotypes through direct inoculation of agro-infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana extract. Plant Methods 2018. [PMID: 29527233 PMCID: PMC5838930 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful genomics tool for interrogating the function of plant genes. Unfortunately, VIGS vectors often produce disease symptoms that interfere with the silencing phenotypes of target genes, or are frequently ineffective in certain plant genotypes or tissue types. This is especially true in crop plants like soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. To address these shortcomings, we modified the inoculation procedure of a VIGS vector based on Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV). The efficacy of this new procedure was assessed in 19 soybean genotypes using a soybean Phytoene desaturase (GmPDS1) gene as the VIGS target. Silencing of GmPDS1 was easily scored as photo-bleached leaves and/or stems. RESULTS In this report, the ALSV VIGS vector was modified by mobilizing ALSV cDNAs into a binary vector compatible with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated delivery, so that VIGS-triggering ALSV variants could be propagated in agro-infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Homogenate of these N. benthamiana leaves was then applied directly onto the unifoliate of young soybean seedlings to initiate systemic gene silencing. This rapid inoculation method bypassed the need for a particle bombardment apparatus. Among the 19 soybean genotypes evaluated with this new method, photo-bleaching indicative of GmPDS1 silencing was observed in nine, with two exhibiting photo-bleaching in 100% of the inoculated individuals. ALSV RNA was detected in pods, embryos, stems, leaves, and roots in symptomatic plants of four genotypes. CONCLUSIONS This modified protocol allowed for inoculation of soybean plants via simple mechanical rubbing with the homogenate of N. benthamiana leaves agro-infiltrated with ALSV VIGS constructs. More importantly, inoculated plants showed no apparent virus disease symptoms which could otherwise interfere with VIGS phenotypes. This streamlined procedure expanded this functional genomics tool to nine soybean genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Gedling
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - E. M. Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
- Present Address: Washington State University, 1100 N Western Ave., Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA
| | - A. Gunadi
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. J. Finer
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - K. Xie
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Y. Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - N. Yoshikawa
- Plant Pathology Lab, Facility of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - F. Qu
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - A. E. Dorrance
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) started later in China than in European countries. The purpose of the present study was to investigate HRT patterns and reasons for the initiation and discontinuation of HRT among women in South China. METHODS A telephone survey about menopausal status, the use of HRT, reasons for HRT discontinuation and duration of HRT treatment was conducted in 2014. RESULTS A total of 825 telephone surveys were carried out, and 217 previous HRT users and 390 current users were recruited for this study. Among these 607 subjects, 50.7% of the women sought out HRT for hot flushes, 41.6% for fatigue and 41.5% for sleeplessness. Approximately one-third (35.9%) of the patients abandoned HRT during the following year. The reasons for stopping HRT were mainly fear of breast and uterine cancer (28.4%), reduced menopausal symptoms (22.9%) and the inconvenience of taking pills or seeing a doctor (17.9%). The factors related to HRT discontinuation were the age when HRT was initiated (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.19-2.13) and education level (odds ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.62-0.98). CONCLUSIONS The duration of HRT use in women in south China was short, and a high proportion of the women discontinued HRT. Given the high discontinuation rate and the low medical compliance, Chinese health-care providers still have much to do to let women know about the advantages and disadvantages of HRT and to encourage the use of HRT appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chu
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Y Song
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - N D Chatooah
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Q Weng
- b Yuhang First Hospital , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Q Ying
- c Zhejiang Cancer Hospital , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - L Ma
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - F Qu
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - J Zhou
- a School of Medicine , Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China
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Liu B, Qu F, Chen W, Liang H, Wang T, Cheng X, Yu H, Li G, Van der Bruggen B. Microcystis aeruginosa-laden water treatment using enhanced coagulation by persulfate/Fe(II), ozone and permanganate: Comparison of the simultaneous and successive oxidant dosing strategy. Water Res 2017; 125:72-80. [PMID: 28834768 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the application of enhanced coagulation with persulfate/Fe(II), permanganate and ozone for Microcystis-laden water treatment was investigated. Two oxidant dosage strategies were compared in terms of the organic removal performance: a simultaneous dosing strategy (SiDS) and a successive dosing strategy (SuDS). To optimize the oxidant species, oxidant doses and oxidant dosage strategy, the zeta potential, floc size and dimension fraction, potassium release and organic removal efficiency during the coagulation of algae-laden water were systematically investigated and comprehensively discussed. Ozonation causes most severe cell lysis and reduces organic removal efficiency because it releases intracellular organics. Moreover, ozonation can cause the release of odor compounds such as 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM). With increasing doses, the performance of pollutant removal by coagulation enhanced by persulfate/Fe(II) or permanganate did not noticeably improve, which suggests that a low dosage of persulfate/Fe(II) and permanganate is the optimal strategy to enhance coagulation of Microcystis-laden water. The SiDS performs better than the SuDS because more Microcystis cell lysis occurs and less DOC is removed when oxidants are added before the coagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Fangshu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Tianyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Huarong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
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50
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Fan X, Qu F, Wang JJ, Du X, Liu WC. Decreased γ-aminobutyric acid levels in the brainstem in patients with possible sleep bruxism: A pilot study. J Oral Rehabil 2017; 44:934-940. [PMID: 28891592 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have indicated that the central and autonomic nervous systems play roles in the genesis of sleep bruxism (SB). The role of specific neurochemicals in SB has been a subject of interest. OBJECTIVE In this study, we use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS) to determine whether the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) are different in the brainstem and bilateral cortical masticatory area (CMA) between possible sleep bruxism (SB) patients and controls, and discuss whether the brainstem or cortical networks which may affect the central masticatory pathways are under the genesis of SB. METHODS Twelve possible SB patients and twelve age- and gender-matched controls underwent 1 H-MRS using the "MEGA-Point Resolved Spectroscopy Sequence" (MEGA-PRESS) technique in the brainstem and bilateral CMA. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy data were processed using LCModel. Because the signal detected by MEGA-PRESS includes contributions from GABA, macromolecules (primarily proteins) and homocarnosine, the GABA signal is referred to as "GABA+". The glutamate complex (Glx) signal contains both glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln), which mainly reflect glutamatergic metabolism. RESULTS Edited spectra were successfully obtained from the bilateral CMA in all subjects. There were no significant differences in neurochemical levels between the left and right CMA in possible SB patients and controls. In the brainstem, significantly lower GABA+ levels were found in possible SB patients than in controls (P = .011), whereas there was no significant difference (P = .307) in Glx levels between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS SB patients may possess abnormalities in the GABAergic system of brainstem networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - F Qu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - J-J Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Du
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - W-C Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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