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Zaheer J, Lee HS, Kim S, Jang J, Kim H, Choi J, Park MH, Kim JS. Microplastic polyethylene induced inner ear dysfunction in murine model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135193. [PMID: 39029192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
While the hazardous effects of microplastics (MPs) are increasingly reported, it remains uncertain if MPs induce inner ear dysfunction. Nonetheless, prevalence of inner ear dysfunction was observed across all age groups. In this study, we investigated whether MP polyethylene affect inner ear function in a murine model. To detect hearing loss and balance defect after polyethylene (PE) exposure, we evaluated hearing threshold levels, assessed cerebral glucose metabolism, conducted transcriptome analysis, and performed behavioral studies. C57BL/6 J mice (5-week-old) were grouped into control (n = 10) and PE-fed groups (n = 10). Mice were orally administered 100 ppm/100 μL (equivalent to 10 μg) of PE every day for 4 months. We identified the accumulation of PE in the cochlea and vestibular region. The fragmented PE in inner ear was 3.00 ± 0.38 µm in size; the administered PE concentration was 1.14 ± 1.06 mg/g. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry confirmed that the properties of the MP were identical with those of PE fed to the mice. Transcriptomic analysis showed up-regulation of PER1, NR4A3 and CEBPB at the PE exposed inner ear tissue and it was confirmed using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. We observed abnormalities in balance related behavior assessment in the PE group. Exposure to PE increased the hearing thresholds and decreased glucose metabolism in the bilateral lateral entorhinal cortex, right primary auditory cortex, and right secondary auditory cortex. We can conclude that PE exposure induced inner ear dysfunction such as hearing loss and balance disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Zaheer
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea; Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sun Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyoun Kim
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea; Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehee Jang
- School of Integrative Engineering, College of ICT Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, College of ICT Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea; Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Drummond GWB, de Moraes Malinverni AC, Renno ACM, Ribeiro DA. Is micronucleus assay in nasal mucosa cells an appropriate technique for detecting genotoxins by inhalation in humans? A systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1664-1674. [PMID: 37442547 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2234300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the scientific literature on the micronucleus assay in nasal mucosa as an appropriate method for evaluating genotoxicity caused by chemical agents. According to the PRISMA guidelines, only in vivo human studies with micronucleus assays using nasal cells were considered. Reviews, case reports, editorials, letters to the editor, and articles not written in English were excluded. The following scientific databases/search engines were used: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: This review included 13 studies. Four articles detected no statistical significance regarding the frequency of micronuclei while nine articles showed an increase in micronuclei in nasal cells. In the qualitative analysis, two articles were considered strong, eight were moderate and three were weak. The micronucleus assay using nasal mucosa cells is a sensitive and effective technique for assessing DNA damage and an appropriate method for monitoring humans continuously exposed to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Wagner Branda Drummond
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Claudia Muniz Renno
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
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Beaver C, Schneider J. Evaluating the potential impact of ototoxicant exposure on worker health. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2023; 20:520-535. [PMID: 37540204 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2023.2240874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to ototoxicants, substances that can cause hearing loss alone or exacerbate hearing loss when exposure occurs in combination with noise, is a workplace hazard that is poorly understood. A review of existing research indicates that some solvents and heavy metals may be ototoxic, but few studies have attempted to estimate the impact of ototoxicant exposure on the United States worker population. Researchers examined trends in workplace exposure to ototoxicants among workers in the United States by comparing exposure data collected by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration against worker hearing loss data provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for 2012-2019. The study found that the noise exposure data was strongly correlated to the hearing loss data using Pearson's correlation (p < .001), confirming that the exposure data collected by OSHA is predictive of the risk of occupational illness as reported by BLS. Chi-square analysis indicates that reported hearing loss was more common among industry subsectors with exposure to ototoxicants than those without exposure to ototoxicants. These findings suggest that workers with coexposure to ototoxicants and noise may be at a higher risk of experiencing hearing loss than those exposed to noise alone, and action should be taken to minimize this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Beaver
- Collaboratory for Resiliency and Recovery, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Schneider
- Collaboratory for Resiliency and Recovery, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
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Stojkovic M, Ortuño Guzmán FM, Han D, Stojkovic P, Dopazo J, Stankovic KM. Polystyrene nanoplastics affect transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures of human fibroblasts and derived induced pluripotent stem cells: Implications for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:120849. [PMID: 36509347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is increasing at an alarming rate yet the impact of this pollution on human health is poorly understood. Because human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are frequently derived from dermal fibroblasts, these cells offer a powerful platform for the identification of molecular biomarkers of environmental pollution in human cells. Here, we describe a novel proof-of-concept for deriving hiPSC from human dermal fibroblasts deliberately exposed to polystyrene (PS) nanoplastic particles; unexposed hiPSC served as controls. In parallel, unexposed hiPSC were exposed to low and high concentrations of PS nanoparticles. Transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures of all fibroblasts and hiPSCs were defined using RNA-seq and whole genome methyl-seq, respectively. Both PS-treated fibroblasts and derived hiPSC showed alterations in expression of ESRRB and HNF1A genes and circuits involved in the pluripotency of stem cells, as well as in pathways involved in cancer, inflammatory disorders, gluconeogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism, innate immunity, and dopaminergic synapse. Similarly, the expression levels of identified key transcriptional and DNA methylation changes (DNMT3A, ESSRB, FAM133CP, HNF1A, SEPTIN7P8, and TTC34) were significantly affected in both PS-exposed fibroblasts and hiPSC. This study illustrates the power of human cellular models of environmental pollution to narrow down and prioritize the list of candidate molecular biomarkers of environmental pollution. This knowledge will facilitate the deciphering of the origins of environmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dongjun Han
- Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Bioinformatics Area, Andalusian Public Foundation Progress and Health-FPS, Sevilla, 41013, Spain; Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Reden Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain; Computational Systems Medicine Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), Hospital Virgen Del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Lin X, Luo J, Liao M, Su Y, Lv M, Li Q, Xiao S, Xiang J. Wearable Sensor-Based Monitoring of Environmental Exposures and the Associated Health Effects: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1131. [PMID: 36551098 PMCID: PMC9775571 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in sensor technology have facilitated the development and use of personalized sensors in monitoring environmental factors and the associated health effects. No studies have reviewed the research advancement in examining population-based health responses to environmental exposure via portable sensors/instruments. This study aims to review studies that use portable sensors to measure environmental factors and health responses while exploring the environmental effects on health. With a thorough literature review using two major English databases (Web of Science and PubMed), 24 eligible studies were included and analyzed out of 16,751 total records. The 24 studies include 5 on physical factors, 19 on chemical factors, and none on biological factors. The results show that particles were the most considered environmental factor among all of the physical, chemical, and biological factors, followed by total volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Heart rate and heart rate variability were the most considered health indicators among all cardiopulmonary outcomes, followed by respiratory function. The studies mostly had a sample size of fewer than 100 participants and a study period of less than a week due to the challenges in accessing low-cost, small, and light wearable sensors. This review guides future sensor-based environmental health studies on project design and sensor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiaying Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Minyan Liao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yalan Su
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mo Lv
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shenglan Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianbang Xiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
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Sadighara P, Abedini A, Zirak MR, Salehi A, Darbandi Azar S, Mirzaei G, Vakili Saatloo N. Relationship between styrene exposure and prolactin secretion in human and animal studies: A systematic review. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221133538. [PMID: 36321261 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221133538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Styrene is widely used in industrial applications. Inhalation exposure occurs in the industry. Some studies indicated that serum prolactin concentrations increased after exposure to styrene, while other studies found no change. In this systematic review, the search was done with the keywords styrene and prolactin in the PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scopus databases, regardless of the publication period. 118 studies were obtained and only seven articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. The effect of styrene on prolactin secretion was selected in both human and animal studies. The increased response was seen in inhalation exposures. Subcutaneous exposure has no significant effect on prolactin levels. The observed responses were both dose-dependent and gender-dependent. Changes in serum prolactin were more frequent in women compared to exposed men. Dopamine depletion was not observed in all studies, so more tests on laboratory animals are necessary to clarify the possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sadighara
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Abedini
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M-R Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Salehi
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Darbandi Azar
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, 556492Shaheed Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Mirzaei
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Vakili Saatloo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, 117045Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Fetoni AR, Paciello F, Rolesi R, Pisani A, Moleti A, Sisto R, Troiani D, Paludetti G, Grassi C. Styrene targets sensory and neural cochlear function through the crossroad between oxidative stress and inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:31-42. [PMID: 33307165 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although styrene is an established ototoxic agent at occupational exposure levels, the mechanisms of styrene toxicity in the auditory system are still unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify the consequences of styrene chronic exposure in cochlear structures, looking for the mechanisms of ototoxicity of this organic compound and focusing on cell targets and oxidative stress/inflammatory processes. METHODS Male adult Wistar rats were exposed to styrene (400 mg/kg by gavage for 5 days/week, 3 consecutive weeks). Hearing loss was evaluated by measuring auditory brainstem responses (ABR), morphological analysis were performed to evaluate hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron survival, as well as synaptic damage. Analysis of apoptotic (p53) and inflammatory (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10) mediators were performed by immunofluorescence analysis and western blot. RESULTS Styrene ototoxic effects induced a hearing loss of about 35-40 dB. Immunofluorescence and western blotting analyses demonstrated that styrene administration induced redox imbalance and activated inflammatory processes, targeting sensory hair cell and neural dysfunction by a cross-talk between oxidative and inflammatory mediators. DISCUSSION Major findings connect styrene ototoxicity to an interplay between redox imbalance and inflammation, leading to the intriguing assumption of a mixed sensory and neural styrene-induced ototoxicity. Thus, in a clinical perspective, data reported here have important implications for styrene risk assessment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Pisani
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Arturo Moleti
- Department of Physics, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Renata Sisto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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Liu J, Yue P, Huang L, Zhao M, Kang X, Liu X. Styrene removal with an acidic biofilter with four packing materials: Performance and fungal bioaerosol emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110154. [PMID: 32877704 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The packing material used in acidic biofilters (ABFs) has a significant impact on styrene removal. The bioaerosol emission was rarely considered when evaluating the packing materials in the ABFs. Four ABFs packed with ceramsite, compost, lava and polyurethane (PU) were developed and compared for their styrene removal and fungal bioaerosol emissions characteristics over 529 days. The removal efficiencies of styrene in the ABFs were higher under the condition of longer empty bed residence time (EBRT) and lower inlet concentration. The maximum styrene elimination capacities of the ABFs with ceramsite, compost, lava and PU were 74.57, 87.81, 67.13 and 101.88 g/m3 h, respectively. A lower pressure drop and the highest fungi count were observed in the ABF packed with PU. The emissions concentrations of fungal bioaerosols at the humidity of 63.5% were lower than those at a humidity of 42.7% and it increased with the air velocity. Additionally, the concentrations of fungal bioaerosols emitted from the ABFs packed with PU were 2168 ± 145-3661 ± 257 CFU/m3, which was 33%-90% lower than those of the other three ABFs. The particle size distributions of the fungal bioaerosols emitted from the ABFs packed with PU and compost were mainly centered around large particles. Considering the removal of styrene and the fungal bioaerosols emissions, PU was the optimal packing material for ABF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Peng Yue
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- School of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Mengfei Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xinyue Kang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
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Tallandier V, Merlen L, Boucard S, Thomas A, Venet T, Chalansonnet M, Gauchard G, Campo P, Pouyatos B. Styrene alters potassium endolymphatic concentration in a model of cultured utricle explants. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104915. [PMID: 32540163 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite well-documented neurotoxic and ototoxic properties, styrene remains commonly used in industry. Its effects on the cochlea have been extensively studied in animals, and epidemiological and animal evidence indicates an impact on balance. However, its influence on the peripheral vestibular receptor has yet to be investigated. Here, we assessed the vestibulotoxicity of styrene using an in vitro model, consisting of three-dimensional cultured newborn rat utricles filled with a high‑potassium (K+) endolymph-like fluid, called "cysts". K+ entry in the cyst ("influx") and its exit ("efflux") are controlled by secretory cells and hair cells, respectively. The vestibular epithelium's functionality is thus linked to K+ concentration, measured using a microelectrode. Known inhibitors of K+ efflux and influx validated the model. Cysts were subsequently exposed to styrene (0.25; 0.5; 0.75 and 1 mM) for 2 h or 72 h. The decrease in K+ concentration measured after both exposure durations was dose-dependent, and significant from 0.75 mM styrene. Vacuoles were visible in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells from 0.5 mM after 2 h and from 0.25 mM after 72 h. The results presented here are the first evidence that styrene may deregulate K+ homeostasis in the endolymphatic space, thereby altering the functionality of the vestibular receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tallandier
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France; DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - L Merlen
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France
| | - S Boucard
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France
| | - A Thomas
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France
| | - T Venet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France; DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - M Chalansonnet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France.
| | - G Gauchard
- DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - P Campo
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France; DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - B Pouyatos
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre, Cedex, France
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van Schijndel J, Molendijk D, van Beurden K, Canalle LA, Noël T, Meuldijk J. Preparation of bio-based styrene alternatives and their free radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Banton MI, Bus JS, Collins JJ, Delzell E, Gelbke HP, Kester JE, Moore MM, Waites R, Sarang SS. Evaluation of potential health effects associated with occupational and environmental exposure to styrene - an update. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2019; 22:1-130. [PMID: 31284836 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1633718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential chronic health risks of occupational and environmental exposure to styrene were evaluated to update health hazard and exposure information developed since the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis risk assessment for styrene was performed in 2002. The updated hazard assessment of styrene's health effects indicates human cancers and ototoxicity remain potential concerns. However, mechanistic research on mouse lung tumors demonstrates these tumors are mouse-specific and of low relevance to human cancer risk. The updated toxicity database supports toxicity reference levels of 20 ppm (equates to 400 mg urinary metabolites mandelic acid + phenylglyoxylic acid/g creatinine) for worker inhalation exposure and 3.7 ppm and 2.5 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, for general population inhalation and oral exposure. No cancer risk value estimates are proposed given the established lack of relevance of mouse lung tumors and inconsistent epidemiology evidence. The updated exposure assessment supports inhalation and ingestion routes as important. The updated risk assessment found estimated risks within acceptable ranges for all age groups of the general population and workers with occupational exposures in non-fiber-reinforced polymer composites industries and fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRP) workers using closed-mold operations or open-mold operations with respiratory protection. Only FRP workers using open-mold operations not using respiratory protection have risk exceedances for styrene and should be considered for risk management measures. In addition, given the reported interaction of styrene exposure with noise, noise reduction to sustain levels below 85 dB(A) needs be in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Banton
- a Gorge View Consulting LLC , Hood River , OR , USA
| | - J S Bus
- b Health Sciences , Exponent , Midland , MI , USA
| | - J J Collins
- c Health Sciences , Saginaw Valley State University , Saginaw , MI , USA
| | - E Delzell
- d Private consultant , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | | | - J E Kester
- f Kester Consulting LLC , Wentzville , MO , USA
| | | | - R Waites
- h Sabic , Innovative Plastics US LLC , Mount Vernon , IN , USA
| | - S S Sarang
- i Shell Health , Shell International , Houston , TX , USA
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