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Alves RA, Penna TA, Silva MO, Oliveira BRR, Oliveira AJ. Association between leisure-time physical activity and musculoskeletal pain before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in working adults. Work 2024:WOR230364. [PMID: 38905073 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had major impacts on the physical lives of individuals, especially on home office workers. In this way, the practice of physical activity has been identified as an ally in the reduction and prevention of musculoskeletal pain. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between leisure-time physical activity and musculoskeletal pain in adult workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 374 workers of both sexes (age = 46.5±10.5 years). Leisure-time physical activity, number of pain sites, and musculoskeletal pain status were investigated using a questionnaire designed for the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Multinomial Logistic Regression. The significance level adopted was 5%. RESULTS A significant association was found between physical activity status and the number of pain sites (p = 0.002). In addition, an inverse association was found between physical activity before and during the quarantine and the number of pain sites (two pain sites - OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.2-0.7; three or more pain sites - OR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.1-0.5). Physical activity interruption during quarantine increased pain perception by 2.86 times (OR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.0-7.5). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that physical activity before and during the pandemic was a protective factor for body pain during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta A Alves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Estado Rio de Janeiro, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Thaísa A Penna
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Michel O Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação de Ciências do Exercício e do Esporte, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Bruno R R Oliveira
- Laboratório de Dimensões Sociais Aplicadas à Atividade Física e ao Esporte, Departamento de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Aldair J Oliveira
- Laboratório de Dimensões Sociais Aplicadas à Atividade Física e ao Esporte, Departamento de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Weston EB, Hassett AL, Khan SN, Weaver TE, Marras WS. The Potential Relationship Between a Cognitive Dissonance State and Musculoskeletal Injury: A Systematic Review. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:1152-1169. [PMID: 36059264 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221120459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the potential link between cognitive dissonance or its related constructs (emotional dissonance, emotional labor) and musculoskeletal disorders. BACKGROUND The etiology of musculoskeletal disorders is complex, as pain arises from complex interactions among physical, social, and psychological stressors. It is possible that the psychological factor of cognitive dissonance may contribute to the etiology and/or maintenance of musculoskeletal disorders. METHOD MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, and CINAHL Plus databases were searched for studies investigating cognitive dissonance or its related constructs as exposure(s) of interest and outcomes related to physical health (including, but not limited to, musculoskeletal pain). Risk of bias was assessed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool. RESULTS The literature search yielded 7 studies eligible for inclusion. None of the included studies investigated cognitive dissonance directly but instead investigated dissonance-related constructs of emotional dissonance and emotional labor, in which a mismatch between required and felt emotions might elicit a psychological response consistent with the cognitive dissonance state. Moderate effect sizes between dissonance-related constructs and musculoskeletal disorders were noted (OR 1.25-2.22). CONCLUSION There is likely a relationship between the two factors studied. However, as the included studies were cross-sectional in nature, a causal relationship between cognitive dissonance-related constructs and musculoskeletal disorders cannot be inferred. Therefore, future study proposing and validating a causal pathway between these variables is warranted. APPLICATION Cognitive dissonance and its related constructs may serve as risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders that have not been considered previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Weston
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Afton L Hassett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Safdar N Khan
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tristan E Weaver
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William S Marras
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kisi KP, Kayastha R. Analysis of musculoskeletal pains and productivity impacts among hispanic construction workers. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24023. [PMID: 38230235 PMCID: PMC10789619 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the top three musculoskeletal pains (MSP) among Hispanic construction workers in Texas and the relationship between sleep hours, age, and MSPs on worker productivity. The study recruited 228 participants from 28 small construction companies and surveyed them on their occupation, age, sleep hours, MSP, and the impact of pain on productivity. The results indicated that Foot pain was the most common among these workers, followed by Back pain and others. Additionally, the study found that the Foot was the most common body part reported with MSP among roofers, drywall installers, laborers, and helpers. The study conducted a three-factor ANOVA test to analyze if there were any significant differences in productivity based on age, number of MSPs, and sleep hours. The study found that MSPs and sleep hours significantly impacted productivity. However, there was no significant effect of age. The results also showed that the number of MSPs significantly impacted productivity, with an increase in MSPs leading to a more severe impact on productivity. Additionally, those who slept less than 6 h per day had a more severe impact on productivity than those who slept more. The study suggests that targeted interventions to improve musculoskeletal health and productivity in this population are needed and highlights the importance of considering Hispanic construction workers' specific needs when implementing safety measures and addressing pain management in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna P. Kisi
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Rujan Kayastha
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
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Kwon S, de Castro AB, Herting JR, Lee SJ, Johnson K, Bao S. Job satisfaction and job security as moderators in the relationships among job demands, musculoskeletal symptoms, and work performance. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:607-619. [PMID: 36692547 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined whether job satisfaction and job security moderate the path from physical demands and job strain to impaired work performance via musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper extremities (MSUE). Moderation effects on five paths were examined: (1) from job strain to MSUE; (2) from job strain to work performance; (3) from physical demands to MSUE; (4) from physical demands to work performance; (5) from MSUE to work performance. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 669 full-time workers from 9 manufacturing and 3 healthcare facilities. Data were collected via health interviews, on-site physical exposure assessments, and computation of the Strain Index by ergonomists, and self-administered questionnaires on psychosocial factors. Structural equation modeling and zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis were performed to examine the moderation effect on each path. RESULTS Job satisfaction moderated the relationship between MSUE and impaired work performance (B = - 0.09, 95% CI: - 0.15, - 0.04) and job security moderated the relationship between physical demands and MSUE (B = - 0.64, 95% CI: - 1.17, - 0.11). Interaction between job satisfaction and MSUE was significant on both the occurrence (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87, 0.97) and the degrees of impaired work performance (mean ratio: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97, 0.99), while the interaction between job security and physical demands was significant only on the degrees of MSUE (mean ratio: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.99). CONCLUSION Job satisfaction and job security can, respectively, mitigate the adverse impacts of working with MSUE and physical demands on work performance. Workplace interventions to improve workers' job satisfaction and job security can contribute to their musculoskeletal health and work performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyoung Kwon
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - A B de Castro
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerald R Herting
- Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kurt Johnson
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen Bao
- Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA
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Talapatra S, Parvez M, Saha P, Kibria MG, Hoque A. Musculoskeletal risk factors assessment based on exploratory factor analysis and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922x.2022.2157065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Talapatra
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - M.S. Parvez
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - P. Saha
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - M. G. Kibria
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - A.S.M. Hoque
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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Habib RR, Katrib RS, Katrib FS, Abi Younes E, Ziadee M, Al Barathie J. Mistreatment at work and musculoskeletal pain in male and female working Syrian refugee children. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:1469-1476. [PMID: 35348432 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2051610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the Syrian war in 2011, Syrian refugees in Lebanon have continued to experience socioeconomic deprivation, resorting many families to child labour as a form of survival. Adopting a gender-sensitive analysis, this study explores the relationship between psychosocial adversities and musculoskeletal pain among male and female Syrian refugee children in Lebanon, using data from a cross-sectional survey of working Syrian refugee children between 8 and 18 years in informal tented settlements in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon. The majority of working children (4090) worked in agriculture (75.8%). Of the children who experienced musculoskeletal pain, 27.4% worked despite severe pain, three-quarters of the children worked under time pressure, over a third (37.4%) were physically abused at work, and the majority (95.8%) had a good relationship with their co-workers. Logistic regression models revealed a significant association between exposure to psychosocial stressors at work and musculoskeletal pain among male and female children.Practitioner summary: This study is the first to obtain direct testimony on musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial risk factors, among Syrian refugee children in Lebanon. Using a gender-sensitive analysis, the survey results demonstrated associations between exposure to psychosocial stressors and musculoskeletal pain among male/female Syrian refugee children enduring strenuous working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima R Habib
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem S Katrib
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah S Katrib
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elio Abi Younes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Micheline Ziadee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Putsa B, Jalayondeja W, Mekhora K, Bhuanantanondh P, Jalayondeja C. Factors associated with reduced risk of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers: a cross-sectional study 2017 to 2020. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1503. [PMID: 35932005 PMCID: PMC9356480 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting at work should be avoided to reduce the risks of either noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) or musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among office workers. A short duration of breaks in sitting every hour can reduce cardiometabolic risk factors contributing to NCDs. However, the recommendation for a break from sitting at work to reduce the risks of MSDs has not been identified. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether breaking by changing position at work, physical activity, physical fitness, stress and sleep were associated with MSDs among office workers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2020. Participants aged 20–59 years and using a computer at work ≥ 4 days/week were recruited. Data were collected using an online self-reporting questionnaire for computer users and 5 domains of physical fitness tests. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results Prevalence of MSDs was 37.9% (n = 207/545) and the most area of complaint were the neck, shoulders and back. A nonsignificant association between physical fitness and MSDs among office workers was obtained. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) ≥ 150 min/week and sitting at work ≥ 4 h/day were MSDs risk factors (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.04–2.37). Frequently changing positions from sitting to standing or walking at work every hour could reduce the risks of MSDs by more than 30%. The risks of MSDs increased among office workers who commuted by staff shuttle bus and personal car and had high to severe stress and slept < 6 h/day (1.6 to 2.4 times). Conclusion Our findings indicated MVPA and prolonged sitting were MSD risk factors. We recommend office workers change position from sitting to standing or walking during work every hour and sleep ≥ 6 h/day to reduce risks of MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bukhari Putsa
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | | | - Keerin Mekhora
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
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Lima da Silva I, Machado de Souza ER, Karine Dias Silva L, Claudino da Silva AT, Norte da Silva JM. Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil. Work 2022; 72:885-900. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The literature discussing musculoskeletal diseases of inner northeastern workers is scarce, although 67,559 cases were reported in Brazil between 2007 and 2016. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple risk factors that influence the symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in wrists, elbows, and shoulders in workers from four different economic sectors. METHODS: A sample included 420 workers from the inner regions of the Brazilian states of Alagoas and Bahia. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to capture pain symptoms on both sides of the body (left and right). Sociodemographic variables, items from the biomechanical exposure and organizational conditional, in addition to other questionnaires (JCQ, COPSOQ II, ERI) were used to assess the characteristics and occupational risks of the respondents. Ordinal logistic regression model was using to identify the relationship between symptoms and factors. RESULTS: This study highlights the psychosocial, biomechanical, occupational, and sociodemographic variables contributed to development of WMSDs. Use of hand-vibrating tool increased the likelihood of symptoms manifesting on the body. On the other hand, high job control and high job insecurity reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. On the other hand, high job control and job satisfaction reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. Factors such as age, curved spine, high job insecurity and excessive commitment contributed to the development of WMSDs only on one side of the body. CONCLUSIONS: The development of WMSDs is multifactorial. Sociodemographic, occupational, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors may commonly contribute to WMSD manifesting only on one side of the body more than on both sides.
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Sharifi AS, Danesh MK, Gholamnia R. Improvements in musculoskeletal symptoms, mental workload and mental fatigue: Effects of a multicomponent ergonomic intervention among call center workers. Work 2022; 72:765-774. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-213641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Call center workers are highly susceptible to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) as well as mental stress. Nonetheless, there has been a surprising paucity in the body of the research regarding interventions among call center workers. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent ergonomic intervention program on mental workload, mental fatigue and WRMSDs of call center employees. METHOD: A non-randomized interventional study with a single group pretest-posttest design was conducted among 84 call center workers of a private telecommunication company in the city of Tehran, Iran. At the baseline, data regarding WRMSDs prevalence, mental workload and mental fatigue were collected by means of standard Nordic, NASA-TLX and SOFI questionnaires, respectively. Then, subjects participated in a multifaceted intervention program including comprehensive office ergonomic training, work layout improvement, supervised on-site face to face visits, and provision of quality break time encompassing regular exercise program. Follow-up assessment was carried out after 6 months. RESULTS: After the intervention, prevalence of WMSDs in the neck (10%, P = 0.022), lower back (8.4%, P = 0.04), and knees (9.5%, P = 0.02) decreased significantly, while improvements in other body areas remained insignificant. Results also showed a significant decrease in overall score of mental demand (P = 0.000) as well as three of its subscales including performance (P = 0.02), effort (P = 0.001), and frustration (P = 0.025). Additionally, positive effect of the intervention was also observable on overall mental fatigue of call center workers (P = 0.016). As for its subscales, Lack of energy was reported to decrease meaningfully (P = 0.007) while lack of motivation did not change significantly (P = 0.240). CONCLUSION: Although the primary focus of many ergonomic interventions has remained to measure physical outcomes of the work place, our findings show that multicomponent interventions are indeed capable of boosting cognitive aspects of the work as well. The future studies should consider investigating such outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Seyed Sharifi
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Caspian Higher Education Institute, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Industrial Safety, School of Industrial Engineering, Alameh Qazvini Institute of Higher Education, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Reza Gholamnia
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Work-Related Upper Extremity Disorders among University Teaching Staff in Ethiopia, 2021: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Pain Res Manag 2022; 2022:7744879. [PMID: 35607318 PMCID: PMC9124139 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7744879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs) are aches, pains, tension, and discomfort in the neck, shoulders, arms, wrists, hands, and fingers. The situation is escalating in educational sectors due to a lousy working environment intertwined with extracurricular deeds. However, empirical evidence focusing on academicians in higher education society is negligible. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and risk factors of WRUEDs among university teaching staff in Ethiopia. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study design from March to April 2021. A sample of 607 academicians were recruited using a stratified sampling technique, and a self-administered structured Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to assess upper extremity disorders during the past 12 months. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. The association between dependent and independent variables was computed with a binary logistic regression. The association was ascertained using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p value of <0.05. Results A total of 607 participants correctly completed the questionnaire (response rate of 95.44%). Age ranges from 21 to 70 with a mean of 32.39 (SD ± 6.80)) years, and the majority (76.28%) of them were males. The prevalence of WRUED during the last 12 months was 59.14% [95% CI (55.1, 63.1)]. There is no significant difference in prevalence between males and females (45.14% versus 14%), respectively; χ2 = 0.001; p=0.974. Working more than 8 hours per day [AOR: 2.37; 95% CI (1.40, 4.00)], not performing physical exercise [AOR: 2.34; 95% CI (1.6, 3.45)], and job dissatisfaction [AOR: 2.50; 95% CI (1.69, 3.68)] were factors significantly increased the risk of experiencing WRUEDs. Conclusion This study divulged upper extremity disorder among university teaching staff is pervasive, with more than three-fifth of the academicians were suffering from the condition, and it also indicates that males experienced higher proportions of pain than females. The manifestation of upper extremity disorder was affected by working hours per day, physical activity, and job satisfaction. Optimizing working hours, having a group regular exercise, and proper management of workplace conditions related to job satisfaction are recommended to lessen the condition.
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Shaygan M, Yazdanpanah M. Depression and work-family conflict mediating the effects of job stress on chronic pain: A structural equation modelling approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:2551-2558. [PMID: 34789081 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.2008130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The majority of research studying the relationship between job stress and chronic pain has relied on physiological responses. This study aims to determine psycho-social mechanisms by which job stress can influence chronic pain in workers. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out among 793 workers in gas and oil platforms or petroleum refinery plants in southern Iran. Structural equation modelling was applied to evaluate the direct, indirect, and total effects of job stress on chronic pain in the presence of mediating variables (work-family conflict and depression). RESULTS According to the results, job stress (B=0.024, β=0.477), 95% CI [0.016, 0.032], work-family conflict (B=0.031, β=0.446), 95% CI [0.023, 0.038], depression (B=0.046, β=0.224), 95% CI [0.028, 0.064], and work experience (B=0.083, β=0.380), 95% CI [0.065, 0.101] had significant direct effects on chronic pain. The indirect paths from job stress to chronic pain via depression (B=0.002, β=0.042), 95%CI [0.001, 0.003] and work-family conflict (B=0.004, β=0.085), 95%CI [0.003, 0.006] were significant. CONCLUSIONS Given that depression and work-family conflict mediate the effects of job stress on pain, stress management programs for workers might include various strategies to reduce negative thoughts as well as cognitive biases and minimize role conflicts between work and private life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdanpanah
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Park S, Lee DN, Jin YW, Cha ES, Jang WI, Park S, Seo S. Non-cancer disease prevalence and association with occupational radiation exposure among Korean radiation workers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22415. [PMID: 34789809 PMCID: PMC8599676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced cancer risks have known stochastic effects; however, regarding non-cancer diseases, evidence of risk at low radiation doses remains unclear. We aimed to identify underlying characteristics concerning non-cancer disease prevalence and determine associations with radiation dose among Korean radiation workers. Using a nationwide baseline survey, 20,608 workers were enrolled. Data concerning participant demographics, occupational characteristics, lifestyle, and lifetime prevalence of non-cancer diseases were linked to a national dose registry. We compared non-cancer disease prevalences in the Korean general population with those in this cohort and undertook a dose-response analysis concerning the cumulative dose. Hyperlipidemia (10.6%), circulatory (9.6%), and respiratory (4.1%) system diseases, followed by thyroid diseases (3.5%), had the highest prevalences, with hyperlipidemia, thyroid diseases, and hepatitis prevalence being higher in the cohort than in the general population. Radiation doses were associated with elevated prevalences of most diseases; however, associations were attenuated and not significant after adjusting for confounders, except for musculoskeletal system diseases (prevalence odds ratio [POR]/10 mSv, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.07) and cataracts (POR/10 mSv, 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.07). Further studies are warranted to investigate the causality of those non-cancer diseases involving more varied confounders such as physical and psychosocial stresses and ultraviolet light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Park
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812 South Korea
| | - Dal Nim Lee
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812 South Korea
| | - Young Woo Jin
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812 South Korea
| | - Eun Shil Cha
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Il Jang
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812 South Korea ,grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812 South Korea ,grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Department of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Songwon Seo
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosocial and physical stressors can elicit the stress response, co-ordinated by interactions between neuroendocrine and inflammatory processes. The central role of the immune system, specifically low-grade systemic inflammation, is sometimes overlooked in work-related stress research. OBJECTIVE To review evidence that work-related psychosocial and physical stressors can stimulate a low-grade systemic inflammation which, through interactions with the neurohormonal systems, may impact on the well-being and productivity of workers. METHODS Literature searches were performed by databases and by hand. Databases used included Interface - EBSCOhost Research Databases; PsycINFO; Academic Search Complete; Africa-Wide Information; CINAHL; E-Journals; MEDLINE and PsycARTICLES. RESULTS Psychosocial stressors, infections, poor indoor air quality, musculoskeletal injuries and chemicals can stimulate a low-grade systemic inflammation that may adversely affect workers' mental and physical health, as well as productivity. The psychological and physical effects caused by infection-induced inflammation are generally referred to as sickness behaviour and those caused by poor indoor air quality as sick building syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Stressor-induced low-grade systemic inflammation can be a causal factor in the physical and behavioural symptoms of work-related stress. It is therefore important that those involved with the health of workers be cognisant of inappropriate or chronic low-grade inflammation as a potential health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha Viljoen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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14
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Ha JS, Kim JA. The Importance of an Emotional Expression Guide to Prevent Work-Related Health Problems in Emotional Laborers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136710. [PMID: 34206381 PMCID: PMC8297313 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the service industry develops, the proportion of emotional laborers is gradually increasing, and their occupational health problems are gradually becoming serious social problems. Researchers must consider various factors, from the personal to the organizational levels, to prevent health problems from arising in the workplace. Many intervention studies have investigated the health and wellbeing of workers, but mainly at the individual level, even though an organization's interest and efforts are essential for addressing work-related health problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify the importance of organizations' interests to protect emotional laborers from work-related health problems. METHODS We used data obtained through the 4th Korean Working Condition Survey of 2014. The study cohort comprised 5857 survey participants over the age of 18 years. Employers, self-employed persons and professional soldiers were excluded. Logistic regression was employed to identify associations between an emotional expression guide and work-related health problems using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. RESULTS In the absence of an emotional expression guide, the risk of work-related physical and psychological health problems was increased. Even after adjusting for confounding variables, the risks were statistically maintained, particularly headache (odds ratio (OR) 1.798; 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.288-2.508), lower limb muscular pain (OR: 1.627; 95% CI: 1.130-2.342), general fatigue (OR: 1.582; 95% CI: 1.077-2.326) and depressive symptom (OR: 6.149; 95% CI: 1.198-31.563). CONCLUSION This study showed that organizations' interests and efforts to prevent workers from being harmed by the effects of emotional labor are important in the prevention of psychosocial and physical health problems; therefore, a national interest in supporting emotional laborers and in introducing policies to support these workers should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Ha
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Jin Ah Kim
- Department of Nursing, Honam University, 120 Honamdae-gil, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju 62399, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-940-3643
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15
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Factors Related to Physical and Mental Health in Workers With Different Categories of Employment. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 62:511-518. [PMID: 32730027 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined a large representative sample of workers in South Korea to compare the subjective well-being and musculoskeletal symptoms of those with standard employment and those with non-standard employment (temporary, daily, and part-time work). METHODS This was a secondary analysis of data from the fifth Korean Working Condition Survey, conducted in 2017. RESULTS Female part-time workers who had temporary and daily jobs were more likely to have poor subjective well-being, whereas female regular workers with part-time jobs were less likely to have poor subjective well-being than regular workers with full-time jobs. Daily workers of both sex with full-time jobs were more likely to have musculoskeletal pain than regular workers. CONCLUSION Our characterization of workers with precarious employment indicated that several modifiable factors affected the subjective well-being and musculoskeletal symptoms of these workers.
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16
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Lee J, Kim H, Lee D, Kang M. Interaction between occupational physical burdens and low job control on musculoskeletal pain: Analysis of the 5th Korean Working Environment Survey. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12244. [PMID: 34212460 PMCID: PMC8249184 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the interactive impacts between occupational physical burdens and psychological job demand or control on musculoskeletal pain (MSP) using nationally representative data for Korean workers. METHODS Using 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), we explored the interaction between occupational physical burdens and levels of psychological job demand or control on risk of MSP in 49 572 eligible participants. For quantitative evaluation of the interaction, relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated. RESULTS In a group with low job control and at least one occupational physical burden, odds ratio (OR) for neck and upper extremity pain was 2.44 (95% CI, 2.24-2.66) compared with a group with high job control and no physical burden (a reference group: lowest risk), which was the highest value among the four groups, and the RERI was 0.35 (95% CI, 0.19-0.51). Similarly, OR for lower extremity pain was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.95-2.37) and RERI was 0.26 (95% CI, 0.07-0.45). However, the RERI was not significant in the case of psychological job demand. CONCLUSION This study revealed significant interactions between occupational physical burdens and low job control on MSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongin Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineSeoul St. Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyoung‐Ryoul Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineSeoul St. Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Wook Lee
- Department of Preventive MedicineCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Mo‐Yeol Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineSeoul St. Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
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17
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Chen P, Liu X, Dong L, Rau PP. Prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort among female cabin crew in Taiwan. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12286. [PMID: 34708468 PMCID: PMC8552087 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort among female cabin crew through cabin tasks and demographic factors, including age and seniority. METHODS This study conducted an online questionnaire survey targeted at female cabin crew in Taiwan and ensured that the sample size was with a statistical power of 0.95. This study evaluated the work intensity by ranking six common cabin tasks and examined musculoskeletal discomfort with Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to learn the work intensity and discomfort conditions. In addition, the Chi-square test of independence and multivariate adjustment were applied to clarify the impact of age and occupation on musculoskeletal discomfort in the neck, shoulders, and lower back. RESULTS This study enrolled 88 female cabin crew members. Handling carry-on baggage was voted as the highest intensity cabin task (40%), which was also ranked as the strongest intensity on shoulders. Meanwhile, the upper trunk was more prevalent in musculoskeletal discomfort. Moreover, after multivariate adjustment with controlling the effect of age, this study found a marginal significant association (p = .09) between seniority and right shoulder discomfort for younger staff. CONCLUSION This study found that handling carry-on baggage was associated with musculoskeletal complaints in the shoulders. Therefore, this study suggested that shoulders, especially for the right side might be related to the occupational injury, which was prevalent along with seniority among the younger crew. Overall, this study provided the preliminary findings to improve occupational training for preventive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin‐Hsuan Chen
- Department of Industrial EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xueqian Liu
- Department of Industrial EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lili Dong
- Department of Industrial EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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18
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Factors that Affect Depression and Anxiety in Service and Sales Workers Who Interact With Angry Clients. Saf Health Work 2020; 12:217-224. [PMID: 34178399 PMCID: PMC8209345 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We evaluated depression and anxiety in service and sales workers from Korea who interacted with angry clients to identify factors that mediated and moderated depression and anxiety in these workers. Methods This was a secondary analysis of data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2017. A structural equation model was used for mediation and moderation analysis. Results Service and sales workers who had more interactions with angry clients had increased risk for depression and anxiety. Experiencing clients' adverse behaviors (acute episodes) mediated the relationship between interacting with angry clients (a chronic situation) on depression and anxiety. Job satisfaction and managers' support moderated the relationship between interacting with angry clients and mental health problems. Conclusion We suggest that employers of service and sales workers should recruit staff based on their aptitude for such work, thus ensuring job satisfaction, and train them to deal with angry clients in such a way that they experience less emotional burden. Employers should also make bylaws requiring managers to directly take care of adverse social behavior by clients. Furthermore, a sociocultural campaign to prevent adverse social behavior by clients is also needed.
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19
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Jung SW, Lee JH, Lee KJ. Assessing the Association Between Emotional Labor and Presenteeism Among Nurses in Korea: Cross-sectional Study Using the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Saf Health Work 2019; 11:103-108. [PMID: 32206380 PMCID: PMC7078561 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Presenteeism has emerged as an important health-related issue and has been studied in a variety of occupation groups. This study examines the relationship between emotional labor and presenteeism in nurses in Republic of Korea. Methods As a cross-sectional study, our study was conducted on 328 female nurses participating in the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (2015). Nurses were identified by the Korean Industry Classification Code. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between emotional labor and presenteeism. Results Female nurses who always or sometimes hide their emotions in the workplace were found to have a high risk for presenteeism compared with female nurses who rarely hide their emotions in the workplace {odds ratio [OR] = 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–5.54]; OR = 4.12 [95% CI 1.72–9.84], respectively}. Furthermore, the risk of presenteeism was higher in nurses who sometimes engaged with complaining customers compared with nurses who rarely did so, but it lacked statistical significance. Conclusion Presenteeism in nurses can cause various negative secondary effects; therefore, an alternative should be sought to mediate nurses' emotional labor to prevent presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Jung
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jae Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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JUNG K, KIM DH, RYU JY. Relationship between concealment of emotions at work and musculoskeletal symptoms: results from the third Korean working conditions survey. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2018; 56:367-372. [PMID: 29760301 PMCID: PMC6172181 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2017-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the relationship between concealing emotions at work and musculoskeletal symptoms in Korean workers using data from a national, population-based survey. Data were obtained from the third Korean Working Conditions Survey in 2011. We investigated the prevalence of three musculoskeletal symptoms ("back pain", "pain in the upper extremities", and "pain in the lower extremities"). Multiple logistic regression analysis was also performed to determine odds ratios (ORs) for musculoskeletal symptoms according to concealing emotions at work, adjusting for socioeconomic factors. In both sexes, the emotion-concealing group showed a significantly higher prevalence of "pain in the upper extremities" and "pain in the lower extremities" than the non-emotion-concealing group. For back pain, male-but not female-workers who concealed their emotions showed a higher prevalence than their non-emotion-concealing counterparts; the difference was statistically significant. Adjusted ORs for musculoskeletal symptoms (excluding "back pain" for female workers) in the emotion-concealing group were significantly higher. Our study suggests that concealment of emotions is closely associated with musculoskeletal symptoms, and the work environment should operate in consideration not only of the physical health work condition of workers but also of their emotional efforts including concealing emotion at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungyong JUNG
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inje
University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan KIM
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inje
University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young RYU
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inje
University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea
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