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Prado CM, Burgos Ferreira PA, Alves de Lima L, Gomes Trindade EK, Fireman Dutra R. A Methylene Blue-Enhanced Nanostructured Electrochemical Immunosensor for H-FABP Myocardial Injury Biomarker. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:873. [PMID: 37754107 PMCID: PMC10526172 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of the heart-type fatty acid binding protein (HFABP), an earlier biomarker for acute myocardial infarction than Troponins, is described. The sensing platform was enhanced with methylene blue (MB) redox coupled to carbon nanotubes (CNT) assembled on a polymer film of polythionine (PTh). For this strategy, monomers of thionine rich in amine groups were electrosynthesized by cyclic voltammetry on the immunosensor's gold surface, forming an electroactive film with excellent electron transfer capacity. Stepwise sensor surface preparation was electrochemically characterized at each step and scanning electronic microscopy was carried out showing all the preparation steps. The assembled sensor platform combines MB and PTh in a synergism, allowing sensitive detection of the H-FABP in a linear response from 3.0 to 25.0 ng∙mL-1 with a limit of detection of 1.47 ng∙mL-1 HFABP that is similar to the clinical level range for diagnostics. H-FABP is a newer powerful biomarker for distinguishing between unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rosa Fireman Dutra
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-90, Brazil
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Parsanathan R, Jain SK. Novel Invasive and Noninvasive Cardiac-Specific Biomarkers in Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:10-30. [PMID: 31618136 PMCID: PMC7041332 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of fatality and disability worldwide regardless of gender. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in population across different regions. According to epidemiological studies, CVD risk markers in childhood obesity are one of the significant risk factors for adulthood CVD, but have received disproportionally little attention. This review has examined the evidence for the presence of traditional cardiac biomarkers (nonspecific; lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, myoglobulin, glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB, myosin light chains, ST2, and ischemia-modified albumin) and novel emerging cardiac-specific biomarkers (cardiac troponins, natriuretic peptides, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, and miRNAs). Besides, noninvasive anatomical and electrophysiological markers (carotid intima-media thickness, coronary artery calcification, and heart rate variability) in CVDs and obesity are also discussed. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in the progression of CVD, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and adipocytokines are also outlined. These underlying prognostic risk factors predict the onset of future microvascular and macrovascular complications. The understanding of invasive and noninvasive cardiac-specific biomarkers and the risk factors may yield valuable insights into the pathophysiology and prevention of CVD in a high-risk obese population at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Parsanathan
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Sushil K. Jain
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
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Crapnell RD, Canfarotta F, Czulak J, Johnson R, Betlem K, Mecozzi F, Down MP, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ, Law R, Banks CE, Peeters M. Thermal Detection of Cardiac Biomarkers Heart-Fatty Acid Binding Protein and ST2 Using a Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticle-Based Multiplex Sensor Platform. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2838-2845. [PMID: 31571480 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the production of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) for the cardiac biomarkers heart-fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and ST2 by solid-phase synthesis, and their use as synthetic antibodies in a multiplexed sensing platform. Analysis by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) shows that the affinity of the nanoMIPs is similar to that of commercially available antibodies. The particles are coated onto the surface of thermocouples and inserted into 3D-printed flow cells of different multiplexed designs. We demonstrate that it is possible to selectively detect both cardiac biomarkers within the physiologically relevant range. Furthermore, the developed sensor platform is the first example of a multiplex format of this thermal analysis technique which enables simultaneous measurements of two different compounds with minimal cross selectivity. The format where three thermocouples are positioned in parallel exhibits the highest sensitivity, which is explained by modeling the heat flow distribution within the flow cell. This design is used in further experiments and proof-of-application of the sensor platform is provided by measuring spiked fetal bovine serum samples. Because of the high selectivity, short measurement time, and low cost of this array format, it provides an interesting alternative to traditional immunoassays. The use of nanoMIPs enables a multimarker strategy, which has the potential to contribute to sustainable healthcare by improving the reliability of cardiac biomarker testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Crapnell
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Joanna Czulak
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Rhiannon Johnson
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Kai Betlem
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Francesco Mecozzi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Michael P. Down
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Law
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
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Marković D, Jevtović-Stoimenov T, Ćosić V, Stošić B, Dinić V, Marković-Živković B, Janković RJ. Clinical Utility of Survivin (BIRC5), Novel Cardiac Biomarker, as a Prognostic Tool Compared to High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein, Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein and Revised Lee Score in Elderly Patients Scheduled for Major Non-cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Pilot Study. J Med Biochem 2018; 37:110-120. [PMID: 30581346 PMCID: PMC6294091 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2017-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate that survivin (BIRC5) is sensitive to the existence of previous ischemic heart disease, since it is activated in the process of tissue repair and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of survivin (BIRC5) as a new cardiac biomarker in the preoperative assessment of cardiovascular risk in comparison with clinically accepted cardiac biomarkers and one of the relevant clinical risk scores. METHODS We included 79 patients, female (41) and male (38), with the mean age of 71.35±6.89. Inclusion criteria: extensive non-cardiac surgery, general anesthesia, age >55 and at least one of the selected cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking and positive family history). Exclusion criteria: emergency surgical procedures and inability to understand and sign an informed consent. Blood sampling was performed 7 days prior surgery and levels of survivin (BIRC5), hsCRP and H-FABP were measured. RESULTS Revised Lee score was assessed based on data found in patients' history. Levels of survivin (BIRC5) were higher in deceased patients (P<0.05). It showed AUC=0.807 (95% CI, P<0.0005, 0.698-0.917), greater than both H-FABP and revised Lee index, and it increases the mortality prediction when used together with both biomarkers and revised Lee score. The determined cut-off value was 4 pg/mL and 92.86% of deceased patients had an increased level of survivin (BIRC5), (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS Survivin (BIRC5) is a potential cardiac biomarker even in elderly patients without tumor, but it cannot be used independently. Further studies with a greater number of patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Marković
- Center for Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Clinical Center in Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Vladan Ćosić
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Center in Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Biljana Stošić
- Department for Emergency Medicine, Medical School, University in Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vesna Dinić
- Center for Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Clinical Center in Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Radmilo J. Janković
- Department for Emergency Medicine, Medical School, University in Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Collinson PO, Hersey J, Bray R, Gaze D, Lim P, Firoozi S, Ntalianis A, Boa F, Prasad A. Heart Fatty Acid Binding Protein for the Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction. J Appl Lab Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2016.022418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To establish the analytical performance of a heart fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) method suitable for routine clinical use and examine its role for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction.
Methods
Analyses of HFABP were performed on an Advia 2400 (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). Imprecision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of blank (LOB), and linearity were assessed using standard methods. Stability was assessed at 4 °C, −20 °C, and with 3 repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Clinical diagnostic performance was assessed using chest pain in patients, with a final diagnosis according to the universal definition of myocardial infarction with cardiac troponin I (cTnI) measured on the Siemens Advia Centaur (cTnI Ultra method, 99th percentile 50 ng/L, 10% CV 30 ng/L). Ischemia was detected using sampling pre- and postangioplasty.
Results
LOD and analytical imprecision exceeded the manufacturer's specification (LOD 1.128 μg/L, 20% CV 1.3 μg/L, 10% CV 2.75 μg/L). Clinical diagnostic efficiency was less than cTnI. Addition of HFABP to cTnI produced a modest increase in diagnostic sensitivity at a cost of significant loss of specificity.
Conclusions
Although the test had excellent analytical performance, it did not contribute to the clinical diagnosis of patients with chest pain. HFABP appears to be a marker of myocardial infarction not myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul O Collinson
- Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Hersey
- Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rosalind Bray
- Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Gaze
- Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Pitt Lim
- Department of Cardiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sami Firoozi
- Department of Cardiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Argyrios Ntalianis
- Department of Cardiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Frances Boa
- Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Abhiram Prasad
- Department of Cardiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University of London, London, UK
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Spencer TR, Sidhu MS, Bisaillon J, Christopher King C. Novel Cardiac Biomarkers for Emergency Department Evaluation of Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Recent Evidence on Non-troponin Biomarkers and Their Limitations. CURRENT EMERGENCY AND HOSPITAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40138-016-0104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kabekkodu SP, Mananje SR, Saya RP. A Study on the Role of Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:OC07-10. [PMID: 26894106 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/15713.7057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-FABP) has been proposed as an early cardiac biomarker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial Infarction (AMI) using animal models and clinical samples. AIM The study aimed to evaluate the role of H-FABP in early detection of AMI by comparing its sensitivity, specificity and predictive value with Creatinine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) and Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of 50 patients admitted with the diagnosis of AMI at a tertiary care hospital in South India. The study group was categorised in to those coming to the hospital within four hours of symptom onset and those coming in between 4 to 12 hours. H-FABP was compared with those of troponin T and myoglobin tests. RESULTS Among patients presenting within four hours of symptom onset, the sensitivity of H-FABP was 60% and was significantly higher than that of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI, 18.8%) and Creatinine Kinase (CK)-MB (12.5%). But specificity was only 23.53% and was less than that of cTnI (66.67%) and CK-MB (100%). In patients presenting during 4 to 12 hours of symptom onset, the sensitivity of H-FABP was 86.96% which was comparable to that of cTnI (90.9%) and CK-MB (77.3%). The specificity was 60% in the 4-12 hours group which was comparable to that of cTnI (50%) and CK-MB (50%). CONCLUSION The H-FABP is a sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis of AMI in the initial hours after symptom onset when the standard biomarkers may not be elevated, but it is less specific. During 4-12 hours of symptom onset it is as sensitive and specific as standard cardiac biomarkers troponin and CK-MB. Due to these factors H-FABP can be considered as a promising cardiac biomarker which can be used along with troponins and CK-MB at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Prakash Kabekkodu
- Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, KS Hegde Medical Academy , Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Sudhindra Rao Mananje
- Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, KS Hegde Medical Academy , Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Rama Prakasha Saya
- Assistant Professor, Department of EM and Trauma, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India
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