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Sanam T, Nagaraju U, P. S B, Nerella SG, R J, G. G K, V SS. Evaluation of phytoconstituents in marigold effluent for their antifungal activity against plant pathogens. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2024; 5:1345543. [PMID: 38638802 PMCID: PMC11025535 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2024.1345543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The current study placed an intense emphasis on the excess discharge of agro-based industrial effluent and the use of plant extract antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of pathogens in crop plants. An effluent (treated and untreated) from the marigold flower processing industry has been identified for the presence of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, and a total of 18 in treated effluent and 23 in untreated effluent were found using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 13 classes were identified, which include carboxylic acid, phenols, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, cyanide, heterocyclic, flavonoids, aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic, cycloalkanes, and cycloalkenes. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was applied to discern the abundance of identified compounds under each class. An in vitro antifungal bioassay was conducted using effluents at three different concentrations against plant pathogens (Alternaria alter nata, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). The study proved that treated and untreated effluents clearly inhibited the growth of fungal pathogens by 10 to 32% and 37 to 92%, respectively. The findings suggest that marigold flower effluent can be a promising resource for developing new plant protection methods that are effective against pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulja Sanam
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Umashankar Nagaraju
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Benherlal P. S
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Jayaramaiah. R
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Kadalli. G. G
- Department of Soil Science and Analytical Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Satya Srii. V
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Almeida-Bezerra JW, Pereira da Cruz R, Bezerra da Silva V, Da Silva Neto JX, Alves Lopes de Souza L, de Oliveira Bezerra de Sousa D, Monteiro Salgueiro Araujo N, Guimarães Gomes Silva R, Quefi B, Rau M, Andrade Rebelo R, Castro Dos Santos S, Everson da Silva L, Douglas Melo Coutinho H, Almeida Menezes S, Bezerra Morais-Braga MF, Morais de Oliveira AF. Exploring the Fluconazole-Resistance Modifying Activity and Potential Mechanism of Action of Fixed Oil from Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (Caryocaraceae) against Candida Species. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301960. [PMID: 38196022 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. is used in the Chapada do Araripe region of Brazil for the treatment of genitourinary candidiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antifungal activity, reduction of fungal virulence, and the preliminary toxicity of the fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of C. coriaceum tested against three Candida yeasts. The oil was characterized by gas chromatography (GC-MS and GC-FID). Antifungal activity was assessed using the serial microdilution method. Additionally, the potential of the oil as an enhancer of fluconazole action was tested at sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/8). The mechanism of action of C. coriaceum fixed oil was determined by evaluating the inhibition of morphological transition in Candida spp. The chemical composition of the fixed oil of C. coriaceum comprised both unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Oleic (61 %) and palmitic (33 %) acids were the major constituents. Regarding its anti-Candida activity, the oil inhibited the growth of C. albicans (IC50 : 371 μg/mL) and C. tropicalis (IC50 : 830 μg/mL). Furthermore, the oil reversed the antifungal resistance of C. albicans and C. tropicalis, restoring the susceptibility to fluconazole and reducing their IC50 from 12.33 μg/mL and 362 μg/mL to 0.22 μg/mL and 13.93 μg/mL, respectively. The fixed oil of C. coriaceum completely inhibited the morphological transition of C. albicans and C. tropicalis at a concentration of 512 μg/mL, but exhibited limited low antifungal potential against C. krusei. The observed antifungal activity may be attributed to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, the oil showed no toxic effect on the Drosophila melanogaster in vivo model. The fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of C. coriaceum emerge as a strong candidate for the development of new pharmaceutical formulations to treat infections caused by Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, s/n, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - João Xavier Da Silva Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Alves Lopes de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | | | - Nadine Monteiro Salgueiro Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guimarães Gomes Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Blasco Quefi
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Martinho Rau
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Rebelo
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Sarah Castro Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz Everson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Territorial Development, Coastal Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Matinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Saulo Almeida Menezes
- Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, 9500, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil
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Abdulshaheed AA, Hanafiah MM, Nawaz R, Muslim SN. Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activities of A. baumannii-derived tannase and gallic acid against uropathogenic microorganisms. Microb Pathog 2024; 187:106534. [PMID: 38184176 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
One of the most prevalent infectious diseases and a key driver of antibiotic prescriptions in pediatrics is urinary tract infection (UTI). Due to the emergence of more resistant uropathogenic bacterial and fungal strains, current treatments are no longer effective, necessitating the urgent development of novel antibacterial and antifungal drugs. In this study, the antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm capabilities of compounds, such as tannase (TN) and gallic acid (GA), which were produced from a novel natural source, Acinetobacter baumannii (AB11) bacteria, were assessed for the inactivation of uropathogenic microorganisms (UMs). Ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gel filtration were used to purify TN and GA that were isolated from A. baumannii. A 43.08 % pure TN with 1221.2 U/mg specific activity and 10.51 mg/mL GA was obtained. The antibacterial, antifungal and anti-biofilm activities of TN and GA were evaluated against UMs and compared to those of commercially available antibiotics including sulfamethoxazole (SXT), levofloxacin (LEV), ciprofloxacin (CIP), amikacin (Ak), and nitrofurantoin (F). The results showed that TN and GA were superior to commercial antibiotics in their ability to inactivate UMs and considerably reduced biofilms formation. Additionally, the GA emerges as the top substitute for currently available medications, demonstrating superior antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against all UMs evaluated in this study. The results of this investigation showed that A. baumannii-derived TN and GA could be utilized as an alternative medication to treat UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A Abdulshaheed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Marlia Mohd Hanafiah
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sahira Nsayef Muslim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 10422, Iraq
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Chechani B, Roat P, Hada S, Yadav DK, Kumari N. Psidium guajava: An Insight into Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2-39. [PMID: 37170987 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230426093315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psidium guajava (guava) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and adapted to various environmental conditions. Guava is an important economic fruit widely used as food and folk medicine. It contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, reducing sugars, essential oils, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc. The presence of triterpenoid acids such as guavacoumaric, ursolic, jacoumaric, guajavanoic, guavenoic, and Asiatic acids helps to develop novel drugs against various diseases. It is used traditionally for medicinal purposes, mainly for antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anticancer, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, and hepato-protective properties. OBJECTIVE The systematic literature study aims to summarize its botanical description, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, and clinical trials. This review focuses on the plant's chemical composition and scientific approaches to human welfare. METHODS A systematic literature search was done on Psidium guajava through previous literature and online databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, etc., to explain its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications. RESULTS Previous literature studies of Psidium guajava suggest it can serve as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. Successful clinical trials performed on the plant extracts against infantile rotaviral enteritis and infectious gastroenteritis showed future directions to work with the plant for clinical applications. CONCLUSION In this review, an attempt is made to show all literature studied, especially in phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical trials and uses as traditional folk medicine around the world. The leaves have been used by folklore over the years to treat various ailments such as skin ulcers, diarrhoea, vaginal irritation, cough, conjunctivitis, etc. Further studies are required to explore more therapeutic remedies and to develop new medicines for future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Chechani
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Priyanka Roat
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Sonal Hada
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Neetu Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
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Safiya S N, Girija ASS, Priyadharsini VJ. Molecular Detection of Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases (Saps) From Dental Isolates of Candida albicans and Targeting With Psidium guajava Biocompounds: An In Vitro and In Silico Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e49143. [PMID: 38130563 PMCID: PMC10733579 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Candida albicans (C. albicans) is an opportunistic yeast-like fungus and is considered a functional biome of the oral and gut microbiomes. The sap gene and its types play a vital role in the pathogenesis of C. albicans. The emergence of resistance traits is a major problem, and targeting the same with alternative medicines has sparked renewed interest in recent years. Objectives This study is thus aimed at detecting the frequency of sap gene types in the clinical isolates of C. albicans and evaluating the antifungal effect of the crude methanolic extract of Psidium guajava (P. guajava). Further in silico assessments will assess the inhibitory effect of six compounds of P. guajava against the Sap protein. Materials and methods C. albicans was characterized phenotypically in 20 patients with root caries, and the sap gene was detected by PCR. The crude methanolic extract was prepared, and its antifungal efficacy was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. Auto-docking was performed to assess the best compound based on the docking and overall interactions. Results Six isolates were identified as C. albicans and sap gene types 1-3 were detected in the four strains. P. guajava methanolic extracts showed a promising antifungal effect at varying concentrations. In silico analysis showed myricetin possessing the maximum number of hydrogen bonds and high docking energy with one violation. Conclusion The study concludes that P. guajava has a promising inhibitory effect against C. albicans with myricetin as the best compound to target the sap gene of C. albicans. However, further experimental studies are to be considered for its effectiveness in treating the infections caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal Safiya S
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - A S Smiline Girija
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vijayashree J Priyadharsini
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Almeida-Bezerra JW, Pereira da Cruz R, Silva Pereira RL, Bezerra da Silva V, de Oliveira Bezerra de Sousa D, Da Silva Neto JX, Lopes de Souza LA, Salgueiro Araújo NM, Gomes Silva RG, Lucetti DL, Melo Coutinho HD, Bezerra Morais-Braga MF, Morais de Oliveira AF. Caryocar coriaceum fruits as a potential alternative to combat fungal and bacterial infections: In vitro evaluation of methanolic extracts. Microb Pathog 2023; 181:106203. [PMID: 37330178 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Caryocar coriaceum, commonly known as 'pequi', is a medicinal species used traditionally for the herbal treatment of infectious and parasitic diseases in the Brazilian Northeast region. In this study, we investigated whether the fruits of C. coriaceum have bioactive chemical constituents against etiological agents of infectious diseases. The methanolic extract of the internal mesocarp of the fruits of C. coriaceum (MECC) was chemically analyzed and evaluated for its antimicrobial and drug-enhancing activity against multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus), and Candida spp. strains. The extract had flavones, flavonols, xanthones, catechins, and flavanones as major classes. A total of 11.26 mg GAE/g of phenolics, and 5.98 mg QE/g of flavonoids were found. No intrinsic antibacterial activity was observed; however, the extract was able to intensify the action of gentamicin and erythromycin against multi-resistant strains. The anti-Candida effect observed in this study was mainly due to the formation of reactive oxygen species. The extract was capable of causing damage to the plasmatic membrane of Candida tropicalis through pores formation. Our findings partially support the ethnopharmacological uses of the fruit pulp of C. coriaceum against infectious and parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, s/n, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Luiz Silva Pereira
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, s/n, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil
| | | | - João Xavier Da Silva Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Alves Lopes de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Nadine Monteiro Salgueiro Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guimarães Gomes Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel Luna Lucetti
- CECAPE College. Av. Padre Cícero, 3917, São José, Juazeiro do Norte - CE, 63024-015, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil.
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Umeoguaju FU, Akaninwor JO, Essien EB, Amadi BA, Chukeze EJ, Nwafor IR. Macroporous adsorptive resin-assisted enrichment of polyphenol from Psidium guajava leaves improved its in vitro antioxidant and anti-hemolytic properties. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36449397 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2150932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical analyses of guava leaf extracts, commonly applied in traditional medicine, revealed the presence of several bioactive polyphenols. In this study, we optimized the enrichment of total polyphenol from Guava leaf ethanolic extract (GEE) using six macroporous adsorptive resins (MAR) including AB8, D101, X5, ADS17, S400, and AD7. Also investigated are the contributions of adsorption time, extract concentration, pH, elution time, and eluent ethanol concentrations on the polyphenol enrichment potential of MAR. The antioxidant and anti-hemolytic properties of the crude and polyphenol-rich extracts were determined. Our results indicate that treatment of GEE extract with AB8 MAR at a concentration of 15 mg GEE/g resin, adsorption time of 45 min, elution time of 40 min, and eluent ethanol concentration of 50% (v/v) improved the flavonoids and phenol concentration of GEE by 2 and 2.5 folds respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing ability of the plasma (FRAP), anti-hemolytic and anti-peroxidation activity of the resultant polyphenol-rich extracts improved by 1.5, 1.6, 1.4, and 1.88 folds respectively, when compared to the crude extract. Our work shows that the MAR-assisted enrichment operation is a rapid, feasible, and economical strategy for enriching bioactive polyphenols from guava leaf extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Uchenna Umeoguaju
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Joyce Oronne Akaninwor
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Eka Bassey Essien
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Achor Amadi
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Tousif MI, Nazir M, Saleem M, Tauseef S, Shafiq N, Hassan L, Hussian H, Montesano D, Naviglio D, Zengin G, Ahmad I. Psidium guajava L. An Incalculable but Underexplored Food Crop: Its Phytochemistry, Ethnopharmacology, and Industrial Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207016. [PMID: 36296606 PMCID: PMC9611817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psidium guajava L. (guava) is a small tree known for its fruit flavor that is cultivated almost around the globe in tropical areas. Its fruit is amazingly rich in antioxidants, vitamin C, potassium, and dietary fiber. In different parts of the world, this plant holds a special place with respect to fruit and nutritional items. Pharmacological research has shown that this plant has more potential than just a fruit source; it also has beneficial effects against a variety of chronic diseases due to its rich nutritional and phytochemical profile. The primary goal of this document is to provide an updated overview of Psidium guajava L. and its bioactive secondary metabolites, as well as their availability for further study, with a focus on the health benefits and potential industrial applications. There have been several studies conducted on Psidium guajava L. in relation to its use in the pharmaceutical industry. However, its clinical efficacy and applications are still debatable. Therefore, in this review a detailed study with respect to phytochemistry of the plant through modern instruments such as GC and LC-MS has been discussed. The biological activities of secondary metabolites isolated from this plant have been extensively discussed. In order to perform long-term clinical trials to learn more about their effectiveness as drugs and applications for various health benefits, a structure activity relationship has been established. Based on the literature, it is concluded that this plant has a wide variety of biopharmaceutical applications. As a whole, this article calls for long-term clinical trials to obtain a greater understanding of how it can be used to treat different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Tousif
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mamona Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Saba Tauseef
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussian
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany or
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Daniele Naviglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philipa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
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Shahid A, Inam‐ur‐Raheem M, Aadil RM, Israr B. Phytochemical Screening and
In Vitro
Radical Scavenging Activities of “Gola” Guava Fruit and Leaf Extracts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arashi Shahid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam‐ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Beenish Israr
- Institute of Home Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
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Li L, He M, Fang C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Song X, Zou Y, Jia R, Liang X, Yin L, Lv C, Wan H, Zhao X, Yin Z. Preparation, characterization, ex vivo transdermal properties and skin irritation evaluation of 1,8-cineole nanoemulsion gel. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wongsanao T, Leemingsawat W, Panapisal V, Kritpet T. Thermoregulatory effects of guava leaf extract-menthol toner application for post-exercise use. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:854-859. [PMID: 34196588 PMCID: PMC8253185 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1942925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) leaf contains a wide variety of bioactive compounds that contribute valuable effects on human well-being. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the influence of guava leaf extract-menthol toner on thermoregulation, including perspiration, skin temperature, and recovery heart rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial assessed the effects of the guava leaf extract-menthol toner and placebo with a 1-week washout period. Sixty-four participants were enrolled. The participants exercised on a treadmill until a 75% heart rate reserve was achieved for 5 min, followed by a 5 min post-exercise rest period. The skin temperature and heart rate were then measured before 5 mL of the testing product was sprayed to specific areas of the body, left it for 30 sec before wiped off. Post-exercise perspiration and skin temperatures were collected by sweat patches and measured by the Skin-thermometer ST500, respectively. A 20 min heart rate monitoring period started 10 min after the exercise and measured every 2 min intervals. RESULTS Use of the toner significantly reduced post-exercise perspiration to approximately half of the baseline and placebo use values (p < 0.05). Furthermore, relative heart rate changes showed no significant differences among the tests (p > 0.05). Skin temperature was also unaffected (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Guava leaf extract-menthol toner reduced perspiration by astringent effects but did not influence heat dissipation and did not affect cardiovascular mechanism compared to the controls. Additional cleaning with guava leaf extract-menthol toner could offer better hygiene after a workout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titeyut Wongsanao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Vipaporn Panapisal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy and Cosmetics Strategic Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University Drug and Health Products Innovation & Promotion Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Mesomo Bombardelli MC, Machado CS, Kotovicz V, Kruger RL, Santa ORD, Torres YR, Corazza ML, da Silva EA. Extracts from red Araçá (Psidium cattleianum) fruits: Extraction process, modelling and assessment of the bioactivity potentialities. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091074. [PMID: 34572656 PMCID: PMC8464673 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth (Euphorbiaceae), whose occurrence has already been registered in the most varied Brazilian biomes, is commonly found in the Chapada do Araripe, Ceará. The species is traditionally used to treat fungal, parasitic, and degenerative diseases. This study investigated the chemical composition and pharmacological potential (antioxidant, antifungal, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic) of an aqueous extract obtained from the roots of C. heliotropiifolius. Following a qualitative phytochemical screening, the chemical constituents were identified by ultra-efficiency liquid chromatography coupled witha quadrupole/time-of-flight system (UPLC-QTOF). The antioxidant potential was verified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The direct and combined antifungal activity of the extract against opportunistic Candida strains was investigated using the microdilution method. The minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined by subculture, while the modulation of the morphological transition (fungal virulence) was evaluated by light microscopy. The in vitro antiparasitic activity was analyzed using epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum, while cytotoxicity was determined in cultures of mouse fibroblasts. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of acids, terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, and alkaloids. Among these constituents, the presence of polar and non-polar phenolic compounds with known antioxidant action was highlighted. While the extract showed clinically ineffective antifungal effects, it could enhance the effectiveness of fluconazole, in addition to inhibiting the morphological transition associated with increased virulence in Candida strains. Although the extract showed low cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, it also had weak antiparasitic effects. In conclusion, Croton heliotropiifolius is a source of natural products with antifungal and antioxidant potential.
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Hsu H, Sheth CC, Veses V. Herbal Extracts with Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans: A Systematic Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:90-117. [PMID: 32600229 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200628032116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the era of antimicrobial resistance, fungal pathogens are not an exception. Several strategies, including antimicrobial stewardship programs and high throughput screening of new drugs, are being implemented. Several recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of plant compounds with antifungal activity. In this systematic review, we examine the use of natural compounds as a possible avenue to fight fungal infections produced by Candida albicans, the most common human fungal pathogen. Electronic literature searches were conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Science Direct limited to the 5 years. A total of 131 articles were included, with 186 plants extracts evaluated. Although the majority of the natural extracts exhibited antifungal activities against C. albicans (both in vivo and in vitro), the strongest antifungal activity was obtained from Lawsonia inermis, Pelargonium graveolens, Camellia sinensis, Mentha piperita, and Citrus latifolia. The main components with proven antifungal activities were phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, thymol, and flavonoids (especially catechin), polyphenols such as tannins, terpenoids and saponins. The incorporation of nanotechnology greatly enhances the antifungal properties of these natural compounds. Further research is needed to fully characterize the composition of all herbal extracts with antifungal activity as well as the mechanisms of action of the active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Moncada 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - Chirag C Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Moncada 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - Veronica Veses
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Moncada 46113, Valencia, Spain
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15
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Matrose NA, Obikeze K, Belay ZA, Caleb OJ. Plant extracts and other natural compounds as alternatives for post-harvest management of fruit fungal pathogens: A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Ahmad Shiekh K, Odunayo Olatunde O, Zhang B, Huda N, Benjakul S. Pulsed electric field assisted process for extraction of bioactive compounds from custard apple (Annona squamosa) leaves. Food Chem 2021; 359:129976. [PMID: 33957326 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Impact of pulsed electric field (PEF) assisted process on preparation of custard apple leaf extract (CALE) using ethanol (70%, v/v) was studied. Different electric field strengths (2-6 kV/cm), pulse numbers (100-300 pulses) with specific energies (45-142 kJ/kg) for 2.5 to 5 min were implemented. Cell disintegration index was higher in CALE when PEF 6 kV/cm, 300 pulses, 142 kJ/kg for 5 min was applied. Extraction yield was higher (+5.2%) than the untreated counterpart (13.28%). Chlorophyll A and B contents were negligible in PEF pre-treated CALE. PEF improved radical scavenging activities assessed by DPPH, ABTS radical scavening activities and FRAP. The antibacterial properties of CALE against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were highest. Purpureacin 2 and rutin were abundant in PEF pre-treated CALE. Therefore PEF was the potential aid in augmenting extraction yield and bioactivities of the extract from custard apple leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khursheed Ahmad Shiekh
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nurul Huda
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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17
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Tebbich S, Schwemhofer T, Fischer B, Pike C. Darwin’s finches habitually anoint their feathers with leaves of the endemic tree
Psidium galapageium
during the non‐breeding season. Ethology 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Tebbich
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Timo Schwemhofer
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Barbara Fischer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology Unit for Theoretical Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Courtney Pike
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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18
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lasR/rhlR Expression Linked to Quorum Sensing-Mediated Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized with Ethnobotanical Extracts. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of different extracts of Psidium guajava leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42535-020-00151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Phytochemical characteristics of leaves determine foraging rate of the leaf-cutting ant Atta mexicana (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). CHEMOECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-020-00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Rodrigues Costa A, Bezerra JWA, Pereira da Cruz R, de Freitas MA, da Silva VB, Neto JC, dos Santos ATL, Bezerra Morais Braga MF, da Silva LA, Ivaneide Rocha M, Kamdem JP, Iriti M, Vitalini S, Duarte AE, Barros LM. In vitro Antibiotic and Modulatory Activity of Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze against Candida strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E46. [PMID: 32012710 PMCID: PMC7168177 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of fungal resistance to commercial drugs has been a major problem for the WHO. In this context, research with natural products is promising in the discovery of new active substances. Thus, this work evaluated the antifungal effect of a medicinal plant (i.e., Mesosphaerum suaveolens) against strains of the genus Candida, tested the combined effect with the drug fluconazole, and, finally, determined the phenolic constituents present in the species. Initially, aqueous extracts of leaves (AELMs) and aerial parts (AEAPMs) of the species were prepared. For microbiological assays, the minimum fungicidal concentration was determined by broth microdilution, and the combined effect of fluconazole extracts were verified by sub-inhibitory microdilution concentrations (CFM/8) followed by spectrophotometric readings which were used to determine the IC50. HPLC detected the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, detecting eight compounds present in the samples of which caffeic acid and quercetin were major components. The AELMs modulated fluconazole activity since it decreased fluconazole's IC50 from 7.8 µg/mL to an IC50 of 4.7 µg/mL (CA LM 77) and from 28.8 µg/mL to 18.26 µg/mL (CA INCQS 40006) for the C. albicans strains. The AEAPMs were able to potentiate the effect of fluconazole more effectively than the AELMs. Such an effect was significant for the 16 µg/mL concentration for CA LM 77 and 32 µg/mL for CA INCQS 40006. The AEAPMs as well as the AELMs presented clinically relevant activities for C. tropicalis strains. For the C. tropicalis LM 23 strain, the AEPMs obtained an IC50 of 25 µg/mL and the AELMs an IC50 of 359.9 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrielle Rodrigues Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Bioprospecting, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (A.R.C.); (V.B.d.S.)
| | | | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Maria Audilene de Freitas
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Bioprospecting, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (A.R.C.); (V.B.d.S.)
| | - João Cruz Neto
- Nursing Course at the Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato-CE-Brazil;
| | - Antonia Thassya Lucas dos Santos
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais Braga
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Leomara Andrade da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Botany – National Amazon Research Institute (INPA), Manaus 69067-375, AM, Brazil;
| | - Maria Ivaneide Rocha
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vitalini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Vegetable Ecophysiology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil;
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22
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Antibiotic Potential and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Piper caldense C. DC. (Piperaceae). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10020631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infections by multiresistant microorganisms have led to a continuous investigation of substances acting as modifiers of this resistance. By following this approach, the chemical composition of the essential oil from Piper caldense leaf and its antimicrobial potential were investigated. The antimicrobial activity was determined by broth microdilution method providing values for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), IC50, and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The essential oil was tested as a modulator for several antibiotics, and its effect on the morphology of Candida albicans (CA) strains was also investigated. The chemical characterization revealed an oil composed mainly of sesquiterpenes. Among them are caryophyllene oxide (13.9%), spathulenol (9.1%), δ-cadinene (7.6%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.7%) with the highest concentrations. The essential oil showed very low activity against the strains of CA with the lowest values for IC50 and MFC of 1790 μg/mL and 8192 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil modulated the activity of fluconazole against CA URM 4387 strain, which was demonstrated by the lower IC50 obtained, 2.7 μg/mL, whereas fluconazole itself presented an IC50 of 7.76 μg/mL. No modulating effect was observed in the MFC bioassays. The effect on fungal morphology was observed for both CA INCQS 40006 and URM 4387 strains. The hyphae projection was completely inhibited at 4096 μg/mL and 2048 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the oil has potential as an adjuvant in antimicrobial formulations.
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23
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Antinociceptive activity of the Psidium brownianum Mart ex DC. leaf essential oil in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:111053. [PMID: 31857126 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain management has several adverse effects and research looking for new and effective pain management drugs posing lower undesirable effects is necessary. Given the above, the pharmacological investigation of medicinal plants significantly contributes to the dissemination of plant-derived therapeutics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the Psidium brownianum Mart ex DC. leaf essential oil (PBEO) and the participation of the opioid pathway in this effect in mice. Swiss Mus musculus male mice were tested using acute nociception models (acetic acid induced abdominal contortions, formalin, capsaicin and hot plate tests). The possible myorelaxant action of the PBEO was tested using the rotarod test. The essential oil reduced animal nociception in chemical and heat models, with this action being devoid of a myorelaxant effect. Naloxone (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally - i.p.) partially antagonized the PBEO activity, possibly acting via opioid receptors. The results obtained provide evidence that the traditional Psidium brownianum use may be effective for pain treatment.
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24
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Ge Y, Chen Y, Li C, Zhao J, Wei M, Li X, Yang S, Mi Y. Effect of sodium nitroprusside treatment on shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways of apple fruit. Food Chem 2019; 290:263-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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25
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Rodrigues FC, Dos Santos ATL, Machado AJT, Bezerra CF, de Freitas TS, Coutinho HDM, Morais-Braga MFB, Bezerra JWA, Duarte AE, Kamdem JP, Boligon AA, de Campos MMA, Barros LM. Chemical composition and anti-Candida potencial of the extracts of Tarenaya spinosa (Jacq.) Raf. (Cleomaceae). Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 64:14-19. [PMID: 31174689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical prospecting was performed by HPLC-DAD. The Inhibitory Concentration of 50% of mortality the microorganisms (IC50) was determined and a cell viability curve was obtained. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was determined by subculture in Sabourad Dextrose Agar. The effect of the combination extract/fluconazole was verified by microdilution, with the extracts in subinhibitory concentrations (MFC/16). Caffeic acid was the major compound of both extracts, representing 6.08% in the aqueous extract and 7.62% in the ethanolic extract. The extracts showed a fungistatic effect (MFC ≥ 16,384 μg/mL). The IC50 results demonstrated that the combination of the extracts with fluconazole were more significant than the products tested alone, with values from 4.9 to 34.8 μg/mL for the ethanolic extract/fluconazole and 5 to 84.7 μg/mL for the aqueous extract/fluconazole. The potentiating effect of fluconazole action was observed against C. albicans and C. tropicalis. In C. krusei the aqueous extract had an antagonistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Judson Targino Machado
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Camila Fonseca Bezerra
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sampaio de Freitas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
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Sodium butyrate inhibits planktonic cells and biofilms of Trichosporon spp. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:219-225. [PMID: 30878621 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trichosporon spp. have been increasingly recognized as an important pathogen of invasive and disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. These species are prone to form biofilms in medical devices such as catheters and prosthesis, which are associated with antifungal resistance and therapeutic failure. Therefore, new antifungals with a broader anti-biofilm activity need to be discovered. In the present study we evaluate the inhibitory potential of sodium butyrate (NaBut) - a histone deacetylase inhibitor that can alter chromatin conformation - against planktonic and sessile cells of T. asahii and T. inkin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NaBut against planktonic cells was evaluated by microdilution and morphological changes were analyzed by optical microscopy on malt agar supplemented with NaBut. Biofilms were evaluated during adhesion, development and after maturation for metabolic activity and biomass, as well as regarding ultrastructure by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. NaBut inhibited the growth of planktonic cells by 50% at 60 mM or 120 mM (p < 0.05) and also reduced filamentation of Trichosporon spp. NaBut reduced adhesion of Trichosporon cells by 45% (10xMIC) on average (p < 0.05). During biofilm development, NatBut (10xMIC) reduced metabolic activity and biomass up to 63% and 81%, respectively (p < 0.05). Mature biofilms were affected by NaBut (10xMIC), showing reduction of metabolic activity and biomass of approximately 48% and 77%, respectively (p < 0.05). Ultrastructure analysis showed that NaBut (MIC and 10xMIC) was able to disassemble mature biofilms. The present study describes the antifungal and anti-biofilm potential of NaBut against these opportunist emerging fungi.
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Cordeiro RDA, Pereira LMG, de Sousa JK, Serpa R, Andrade ARC, Portela FVM, Evangelista AJDJ, Sales JA, Aguiar ALR, Mendes PBL, Brilhante RSN, Sidrim JJDC, Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Rocha MFG. Farnesol inhibits planktonic cells and antifungal-tolerant biofilms of Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon inkin. Med Mycol 2019; 57:1038-1045. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Trichosporon species have been considered important agents of opportunistic systemic infections, mainly among immunocompromised patients. Infections by Trichosporon spp. are generally associated with biofilm formation in invasive medical devices. These communities are resistant to therapeutic antifungals, and therefore the search for anti-biofilm molecules is necessary. This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of farnesol against planktonic and sessile cells of clinical Trichosporon asahii (n = 3) andTrichosporon inkin (n = 7) strains. Biofilms were evaluated during adhesion, development stages and after maturation for metabolic activity, biomass and protease activity, as well as regarding morphology and ultrastructure by optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Farnesol inhibited Trichosporon planktonic growth by 80% at concentrations ranging from 600 to 1200 μM for T. asahii and from 75 to 600 μM for T. inkin. Farnesol was able to reduce cell adhesion by 80% at 300 μM for T. asahii and T. inkin at 600 μM, while biofilm development of both species was inhibited by 80% at concentration of 150 μM, altering their structure. After biofilm maturation, farnesol decreased T. asahii biofilm formation by 50% at 600 μM concentration and T. inkin formation at 300 μM. Farnesol inhibited gradual filamentation in a concentration range between 600 and 1200 μM. Farnesol caused reduction of filament structures of Trichosporon spp. at every stage of biofilm development analyzed. These data show the potential of farnesol as an anti-biofilm molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - José Kleybson de Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rosana Serpa
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jamille Alencar Sales
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Ribeiro Aguiar
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio da Costa Sidrim
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Fabio Gadelha Rocha
- Faculty of Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Post Graduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Brazil
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de Macêdo DG, Souza MMA, Morais-Braga MFB, Coutinho HDM, Dos Santos ATL, da Cruz RP, da Costa JGM, Rodrigues FFG, Quintans-Junior LJ, da Silva Almeida JRG, de Menezes IRA. Effect of seasonality on chemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from leaves Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5476. [PMID: 30402343 PMCID: PMC6215697 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the search for components that are capable of neutralizing the multiple mechanisms of fungal resistance. Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg is a plant native to Brazil used as both food and traditional medicine to treat diseases and symptoms such as stomach ache and diarrhea, whose symptoms could be related to fungal infections from the genus Candida. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of seasonal variability on the chemical composition of the Psidium salutare essential oil, its antifungal potential and its effect on the Candida albicans morphogenesis. The essential oils were collected in three different seasonal collection periods and isolated by the hydrodistillation process in a modified Clevenger apparatus with identification of the chemical composition determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antifungal assays were performed against Candida strains through the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Fungal growth was assessed by optical density reading and the Candida albicans dimorphic effect was evaluated by optical microscopy in microculture chambers. The chemical profile of the essential oils identified 40 substances in the different collection periods with γ-terpinene being the predominant constituent. The antifungal activity revealed an action against the C. albicans, C. krusei and C. tropicalis strains with an IC50 ranging from 345.5 to 2,754.2 µg/mL and a MFC higher than 1,024 µg/mL. When combined with essential oils at sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/16), fluconazole had its potentiated effect, i.e. a synergistic effect was observed in the combination of fluconazole with P.salutare oil against all Candida strains; however, for C. albicans, its effect was reinforced by the natural product in all the collection periods. The results show that the Psidium salutare oil affected the dimorphic transition capacity, significantly reducing the formation of hyphae and pseudohyphae in increasing concentrations. The results show that P. salutare oil exhibits a significant antifungal activity against three Candida species and that it can act in synergy with fluconazole. These results support the notion that this plant may have a potential use in pharmaceutical and preservative products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delmacia G de Macêdo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria A Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael P da Cruz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
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Antiparasitic effect of the Psidium guajava L. (guava) and Psidium brownianum MART. EX DC. (araçá-de-veado) extracts. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:275-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bezerra CF, Rocha JE, Nascimento Silva MKD, de Freitas TS, de Sousa AK, dos Santos ATL, da Cruz RP, Ferreira MH, da Silva JCP, Machado AJT, Carneiro JNP, Sales DL, Coutinho HDM, Ribeiro PRV, de Brito ES, Morais-Braga MFB. Analysis by UPLC-MS-QTOF and antifungal activity of guava (Psidium guajava L.). Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:122-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chemical composition, antifungal activity and potential anti-virulence evaluation of the Eugenia uniflora essential oil against Candida spp. Food Chem 2018; 261:233-239. [PMID: 29739588 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of fungal resistance to antifungal drugs has been worsening over the years and as a result research on new antifungal agents derived from plants has intensified. Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga) has been studied for its various biological actions. In this study the chemical composition and antifungal effects of the E. uniflora essential oil (EULEO) were investigated against Candida albicans (CA), Candida krusei (CK) and Candida tropicalis (CT) standard strains. The essential oil obtained through hydro-distillation was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). To determine the IC50 of the oil, the cellular viability curve and the inhibitory effects were measured by means of the oil's association with Fluconazole in a broth microdilution assay with spectrophotometric readings. The Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was determined by solid medium subculture with the aid of a guide plate while the assays used to verify morphological changes emerging from the action of the fractions were performed in microculture chambers at concentrations based on the microdilution. Two major oil constituents stand out from the chemical analysis: selina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one (36.37%) and selina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one epoxide (27.32%). The concentration that reduced microorganismal growth was ≥8,192 μg/mL while the IC50 varied, this being between 1892.47 and 12491.80 μg/mL (oil), 10.07 - 80.78 μg/mL (fluconazole) and 18.53 - 295.60 μg/mL (fluconazole + oil). The combined activity (fluconazole + oil) resulted in indifference and antagonism. A MFC of the oil in association with fluconazole was recorded at the concentration of 8,192 μg/mL against CA and CK. The oil caused the inhibition of CA and CT morphological transition. In view of the results obtained, additional research is needed to elucidate the activity of the E. uniflora oil over genetic and biochemical processes regarding its effect on Candida spp. virulence.
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Camarena-Tello JC, Martínez-Flores HE, Garnica-Romo MG, Padilla-Ramírez JS, Saavedra-Molina A, Alvarez-Cortes O, Bartolomé-Camacho MC, Rodiles-López JO. Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and In Vitro Radical Scavenging Abilities with Leaf Extracts from Two Varieties of Psidium guajava L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7030034. [PMID: 29495514 PMCID: PMC5874520 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Guava leaf (Psidium guajava L.) extracts are used in both traditional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. The antioxidant compounds in P. guajava leaves can have positive effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, hepatoprotective, analgesic, anti-cancer effects, as well as protecting against cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity were measured in extracts obtained with polar and non-polar solvents from leaves of two varieties of guava, Calvillo Siglo XXI and Hidrozac. The quantity of total phenolics and total flavonoids were expressed as equivalents of gallic acid and quercetin, respectively. Hydroxyl radical, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity using fluorescein (ORAC-FL) in vitro tests were used to assess the radical scavenging abilities of the extracts. The total phenolics were higher in the aqueous fraction of the variety Calvillo Siglo XXI, while in the Hidrozac variety total phenolics were higher in the acetone and chloroform fractions. Total flavonoids were higher in all fractions in the variety Calvillo Siglo XXI. Total phenolics showed a highly positive correlation for ORAC-FL, and a moderately positive correlation with hydroxyl radicals. Finally, total flavonoids showed a slightly positive correlation for ORAC-FL and hydroxyl radicals. Both varieties of guava leaf extract showed excellent antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Camarena-Tello
- Programa Institucional de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58240, Mich., Mexico.
| | | | - Ma Guadalupe Garnica-Romo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58240, Mich., México.
| | - José Saúl Padilla-Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Centro de Investigación Regional Norte-Centro, Campo Experimental Pabellón, Pabellón de Arteaga 20660, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mich., Mexico.
| | - Osvaldo Alvarez-Cortes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia, Morelia 58120, Mich., Mexico.
| | | | - José Octavio Rodiles-López
- Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58240, Mich., México.
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de Souza CES, da Silva ARP, Gomez MCV, Rolóm M, Coronel C, da Costa JGM, Sousa AK, Rolim LA, de Souza FHS, Coutinho HDM. Anti-Trypanosoma, anti-Leishmania and cytotoxic activities of natural products from Psidium brownianum Mart. ex DC. and Psidium guajava var. Pomifera analysed by LC-MS. Acta Trop 2017; 176:380-384. [PMID: 28935551 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neglected diseases are those that are prevalent in developing countries, even with a rich biodiversity. These diseases still persist because of the lack of scientific studies, government negligence or failures of the public health system. This study aims to identify the composition of extracts and fractions from Psidium brownianum and Psidium guajava through LC-MS, to evaluate its in vitro anti-parasitic and cytotoxic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania brasiliensis and L. infantum epismastigote and promastigote forms, as well as mammalian cells. The results showed the presence of chemical constituents in the two Psidium species as quercetin, myricetin and gallic acid derivatives. The P. brownianum extract and fractions showed low toxicity at all tested concentrations and all samples were effective at the concentration of 1000μg/mL against the parasites, with the extract being the most efficient against the L. infantum promastigote form. The ethanolic extract, and the flavonoid and tannic fractions, from P. guajava showed low toxicity for the fibroblasts. All samples showed effectiveness at the highest concentration tested and the extract was more effective against the promastigote forms tested. The results showed that the species Psidium brownianum and Psidium guajava demonstrated an anti-parasitic activity against the T. cruzi, L. brasiliensis and L. infantum parasite cell lines indicating these species as an alternative therapy given their efficacy in the in vitro assays performed, opening the possibility for new biological studies to further this knowledge through in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestina Elba Sobral de Souza
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil; Faculdade Vale do Salgado - FVS, Icó, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Celeste Vega Gomez
- Center for the Development of Scientific Research, Moisés Bertoni Foundation/Díaz Gill Laboratories, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Míriam Rolóm
- Center for the Development of Scientific Research, Moisés Bertoni Foundation/Díaz Gill Laboratories, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Cathia Coronel
- Center for the Development of Scientific Research, Moisés Bertoni Foundation/Díaz Gill Laboratories, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | - Amanda K Sousa
- Centro Universitário Dr. Leão Sampaio - UNILEÃO, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Rolim
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
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Morais-Braga MFB, Carneiro JNP, Machado AJT, Dos Santos ATL, Sales DL, Lima LF, Figueredo FG, Coutinho HDM. Psidium guajava L., from ethnobiology to scientific evaluation: Elucidating bioactivity against pathogenic microorganisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:1140-1152. [PMID: 27845266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The use of popular plants has guided pharmaceutical research aimed at combating pathogenic microorganisms. Psidium guajava L. is a plant of great versatility and it has been used both as food and as a therapeutic agent. Root, bark, leaves, fruits, flowers and seeds are used for medicinal purposes, especially in infusions and decoctions for oral and topical use. P. guajava is utilized in symptomatology treatment related to organ malfunction and of diseases caused by the action of pathogenic and/or opportunistic microorganisms. Many pharmacological studies have been conducted to scientifically assess its therapeutic potential. AIMS OF STUDY The aim of the current study is to relate the popular use of this plant and its bioscientific assessment as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of diseases and symptoms caused by the action of protozoa, fungi, bacteria and viruses, and also evaluate the safety for the usage and the interaction with drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bibliographic database the ethnobiology of Psidium guajava (2005-2015) and the pharmacological infections and parasitic diseases (2010-2015). Searches were done in scientific disclosure databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. RESULTS P. guajava leaf extracts were scientifically investigated for the treatment of diseases caused by protozoa (leishmaniasis, malaria, giardiasis, amoebiasis and trichomoniasis), fungi (dermatosis, systemic and mucocutaneous diseases), bacteria (respiratory, mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal infections, cholera, gastritis and stomach ulcers, oral and periodontal infections, venereal diseases and urinary infections) and viruses (herpes, influenza, rotavirus disease and AIDS). The toxicity assays indicates the safet for usage. CONCLUSIONS Highlight and elucidate the therapeutic potential and versatility of P. guajava. They also justify using ethnobiology efficiency to guide pharmacological studies. Some limitations can be observed in this kind of study, as the lack for ethnobiological informations and the absence of some controls in the assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Débora L Sales
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciene F Lima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
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