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Tatsing Foka FE, Tumelo Mufhandu H. Predictive Assessment of the Antiviral Properties of Imperata cylindrica against SARS-CoV-2. Adv Virol 2024; 2024:8598708. [PMID: 39135917 PMCID: PMC11317227 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8598708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The omicron variant and its sublineages are highly contagious, and they still constitute a global source of concern despite vaccinations. Hospitalizations and mortality rates resulting from infections by these variants of concern are still common. The existing therapeutic alternatives have presented various setbacks such as low potency, poor pharmacokinetic profiles, and drug resistance. The need for alternative therapeutic options cannot be overemphasized. Plants and their phytochemicals present interesting characteristics that make them suitable candidates for the development of antiviral therapeutic agents. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of Imperata cylindrica (I. cylindrica). Specifically, the objective of this study was to identify I. cylindrica phytochemicals that display inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), a highly conserved protein among coronaviruses. Molecular docking and in silico pharmacokinetic assays were used to assess 72 phytocompounds that are found in I. cylindrica as ligands and Mpro (6LU7) as the target. Only eight phytochemicals (bifendate, cylindrene, tabanone, siderin, 5-hydroxy-2-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, maritimin, 5-methoxyflavone, and flavone) displayed high binding affinities with Mpro with docking scores ranging from -5.6 kcal/mol to -9.1 kcal/mol. The in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological assays revealed that tabanone was the best and safest phytochemical for the development of an inhibitory agent against coronavirus main protease. Thus, the study served as a baseline for further in vitro and in vivo assessment of this phytochemical against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern to validate these in silico findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Eric Tatsing Foka
- Department of Microbiology Virology Laboratory School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North West University, Mafikeng, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu
- Department of Microbiology Virology Laboratory School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North West University, Mafikeng, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
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2
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Pirzada AS, Khan H, Alam W, Darwish HW, Elhenawy AA, Kuznetsov A, Daglia M. Physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic studies, DFT approach, and antioxidant activity of nitro and chloro indolinone derivatives. Front Chem 2024; 12:1360719. [PMID: 38562526 PMCID: PMC10982469 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1360719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of developing of new drugs is greatly hampered by their inadequate physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and intrinsic characteristics. In this regard, the selected chloro indolinone, (Z)-6-chloro-3-(2-chlorobenzylidene)indolin-2-one (C1), and nitro indolinone, (Z)-6-chloro-3-(2-nitrobenzylidene)indolin-2-one (C2), were subjected to SwissADME and density function theory (DFT) analysis. For compounds C1 and C2, the BOILED-Egg pharmacokinetic model predicted intestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and p-glycoprotein interaction. According to the physicochemical analysis, C1 has exceptional drug-like characteristics suitable for oral absorption. Despite only being substrates for some of the major CYP 450 isoforms, compounds C1 and C2 were anticipated to have strong plasma protein binding and efficient distribution and block these isoforms. The DFT study using the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) approach with implicit water effects was performed to assess the structural features, electronic properties, and global reactivity parameters (GRP) of C1 and C2. The DFT results provided further support for other studies, implying that C2 is more water-soluble than C1 and that both compounds can form hydrogen bonds and (weak) dispersion interactions with other molecules, such as solvents and biomolecules. Furthermore, the GRP study suggested that C1 should be more stable and less reactive than C2. A concentration-dependent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was shown by both C1 and C2. In brief, this finding has provided a strong foundation to explore further the therapeutic potential of these molecules against a variety of human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Hany W. Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Elhenawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aleksey Kuznetsov
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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3
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Rudrapal M, Kirboga KK, Abdalla M, Maji S. Explainable artificial intelligence-assisted virtual screening and bioinformatics approaches for effective bioactivity prediction of phenolic cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors using PubChem molecular fingerprints. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10782-9. [PMID: 38200203 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that treat inflammation, pain and fever. This study determined the interaction mechanisms of COX-2 inhibitors and the molecular properties needed to design new drug candidates. Using machine learning and explainable AI methods, the inhibition activity of 1488 molecules was modelled, and essential properties were identified. These properties included aromatic rings, nitrogen-containing functional groups and aliphatic hydrocarbons. They affected the water solubility, hydrophobicity and binding affinity of COX-2 inhibitors. The binding mode, stability and ADME properties of 16 ligands bound to the Cyclooxygenase active site of COX-2 were investigated by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and MM-GBSA analysis. The results showed that ligand 339,222 was the most stable and effective COX-2 inhibitor. It inhibited prostaglandin synthesis by disrupting the protein conformation of COX-2. It had good ADME properties and high clinical potential. This study demonstrated the potential of machine learning and bioinformatics methods in discovering COX-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur, 522213, India.
| | - Kevser Kübra Kirboga
- Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Bioengineering Department, BilecikSeyhEdebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey.
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siddhartha Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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4
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Budama-Kilinc Y, Kurtur OB, Gok B, Cakmakci N, Kecel-Gunduz S, Unel NM, Ozturk TK. Use of Immunoglobulin Y Antibodies: Biosensor-based Diagnostic Systems and Prophylactic and Therapeutic Drug Delivery Systems for Viral Respiratory Diseases. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:973-985. [PMID: 38561616 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266289898240322073258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses have caused many pandemics from past to present and are among the top global public health problems due to their rate of spread. The recently experienced COVID-19 pandemic has led to an understanding of the importance of rapid diagnostic tests to prevent epidemics and the difficulties of developing new vaccines. On the other hand, the emergence of resistance to existing antiviral drugs during the treatment process poses a major problem for society and global health systems. Therefore, there is a need for new approaches for the diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of existing or new types of respiratory viruses. Immunoglobulin Y antibodies (IgYs) obtained from the yolk of poultry eggs have significant advantages, such as high production volumes, low production costs, and high selectivity, which enable the development of innovative and strategic products. Especially in diagnosing respiratory viruses, antibody-based biosensors in which these antibodies are integrated have the potential to provide superiority in making rapid and accurate diagnosis as a practical diagnostic tool. This review article aims to provide information on using IgY antibodies in diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic applications for respiratory viruses and to provide a perspective for future innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Budama-Kilinc
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Baris Kurtur
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Gok
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nisanur Cakmakci
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serda Kecel-Gunduz
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Necdet Mehmet Unel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Plantomics Research Laboratory, Kastamonu, Turkiye
- Research and Application Center, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkiye
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5
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Bianconi E, Gidari A, Souma M, Sabbatini S, Grifagni D, Bigiotti C, Schiaroli E, Comez L, Paciaroni A, Cantini F, Francisci D, Macchiarulo A. The hope and hype of ellagic acid and urolithins as ligands of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp5 and inhibitors of viral replication. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2251721. [PMID: 37638806 PMCID: PMC10464554 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2251721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-structural protein 5 (Nsp5) is a cysteine protease that plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 replication, suppressing host protein synthesis and promoting immune evasion. The investigation of natural products as a potential strategy for Nsp5 inhibition is gaining attention as a means of developing antiviral agents. In this work, we have investigated the physicochemical properties and structure-activity relationships of ellagic acid and its gut metabolites, urolithins A-D, as ligands of Nsp5. Results allow us to identify urolithin D as promising ligand of Nsp5, with a dissociation constant in the nanomolar range of potency. Although urolithin D is able to bind to the catalytic cleft of Nsp5, the appraisal of its viral replication inhibition against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 assay highlights a lack of activity. While these results are discussed in the framework of the available literature reporting conflicting data on polyphenol antiviral activity, they provide new clues for natural products as potential viral protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bianconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Gidari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Souma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuele Sabbatini
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Deborah Grifagni
- Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Carlo Bigiotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Schiaroli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucia Comez
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-IOM, National Research Council-CNR, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Cantini
- Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniela Francisci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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6
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Eltaib L, Alzain AA. Targeting the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 with phytochemicals from Saudi medicinal plants: molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9732-9744. [PMID: 36369836 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2146203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The new health crises caused by SARS-CoV-2 have resulted in millions of deaths worldwide. First discovered in November 2021, the omicron variant is more transmissible and is able to evade the immune system better than other previously identified SARS-CoV-2 variants, leading to a spike in cases. Great efforts have been made to discover inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Main protease (Mpro) inhibitors are considered promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. The U.S. FDA has issued an Emergency Use Authorization for ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir. Nirmatrelvir is the first orally bioavailable inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. There is an urgent need to monitor the mutations and solve the problem of resistance, especially omicron Mpro, which contains one mutation - P132H. In the present study, 132,57 phytochemicals from 80 medicinal plants grown in Saudi Arabia were docked into the active site of Mpro omicron variant. Free binding energies were also calculated. This led to the discovery of five phytochemicals that showed better docking scores than the bound ligand nirmatrelvir. In addition, these molecules exhibited favorable free binding energies. The stability of compounds 1-5 with the protein was studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These compounds showed acceptable ADMET properties. The results were compared with the wild type. These candidates could be envisioned as new hits against SARS-CoV-2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Eltaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim A Alzain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
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7
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Zothantluanga JH, Umar AK, Aswin K, Rajkhowa S, Chetia D. Revelation of potential drug targets of luteolin in Plasmodium falciparum through multi-target molecular dynamics simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37776013 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
In-silico techniques offer a fast, accurate, reliable, and economical approach to studying the molecular interactions between compounds and proteins. In this study, our main aim is to use in-silico techniques as a rational approach for the prediction of the molecular drug targets for luteolin against Plasmodium falciparum. Multi-target molecular docking, 100 nanoseconds (ns) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) binding free energy calculations were carried out for luteolin against dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase (PfDHFR-TS), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH), and falcipain-2. The native ligands of each protein were used as a reference to evaluate the performance of luteolin. Luteolin outperformed the native ligands of all proteins at molecular docking and MD simulations studies. However, in the MM-GBSA calculations, luteolin outperformed the native ligand of only PfDHFR-TS but not PfDHODH and falcipain-2. Among the studied proteins, the in-silico approach predicted PfDHFR-TS as the most favorable drug target for luteolin.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Zothantluanga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Abd Kakhar Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Keerthic Aswin
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sanchaita Rajkhowa
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Dipak Chetia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
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8
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Umar AK, Roy D, Abdalla M, Modafer Y, Al-Hoshani N, Yu H, Zothantluanga JH. In-silico screening of Acacia pennata and Bridelia retusa reveals pinocembrin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside as a promising β-lactamase inhibitor to combat antibiotic resistance. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37587843 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2248272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The β-lactamase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to degrade β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems. With the discovery of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase in a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa, the bacterium has become multi-drug resistant. In this study, we aim to identify new β-lactamase inhibitors by virtually screening a total of 43 phytocompounds from two Indian medicinal plants. In the molecular docking studies, pinocembrin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (P7G) (-9.6 kcal/mol) from Acacia pennata and ellagic acid (EA) (-9.2 kcal/mol) from Bridelia retusa had lower binding energy than moxalactam (-8.4 kcal/mol). P7G and EA formed 5 (Ser62, Asn125, Asn163, Thr209, and Ser230) and 4 (Lys65, Ser123, Asn125, and Glu159) conventional hydrogens bonds with the active site residues. 100 ns MD simulations revealed that moxalactam and P7G (but not EA) were able to form a stable complex. The binding free energy calculations further revealed that P7G (-59.6526 kcal/mol) formed the most stable complex with β-lactamase when compared to moxalactam (-46.5669 kcal/mol) and EA (-28.4505 kcal/mol). The HOMO-LUMO and other DFT parameters support the stability and chemical reactivity of P7G at the active site of β-lactamase. P7G passed all the toxicity tests and bioavailability tests indicating that it possesses drug-likeness. Among the studied compounds, we identified P7G of A. pennata as the most promising phytocompound to combat antibiotic resistance by potentially inhibiting the β-lactamase of P. aeruginosa.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Kakhar Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Dhritiman Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yosra Modafer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Al-Hoshani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Yu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - James H Zothantluanga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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9
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Elamin EM, Eshage SE, Mohmmode SM, Mukhtar RM, Mahjoub M, Sadelin E, Shoaib TH, Edris A, Elshamly EM, Makki AA, Ashour A, Sherif AE, Osman W, Ibrahim SRM, Mohamed GA, Alzain AA. Discovery of dual-target natural antimalarial agents against DHODH and PMT of Plasmodium falciparum: pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking, quantum mechanics, and molecular dynamics simulations. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 34:709-728. [PMID: 37665563 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2251876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a lethal disease that claims thousands of lives worldwide annually. The objective of this study was to identify new natural compounds that can target two P. falciparum enzymes; P. falciparum Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH) and P. falciparum phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase (PfPMT). To accomplish this, e-pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking were employed against PfDHODH. Following this, 1201 natural compounds with docking scores of ≤ -7 kcal/mol were docked into the active site of the second enzyme PMT. The top nine compounds were subjected to further investigation using MM-GBSA free binding energy calculations and ADME analysis. The results revealed favourable free binding energy values better than the references, as well as acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. Compounds ZINC000013377887, ZINC000015113777, and ZINC000085595753 were scrutinized to assess their interaction stability with the PfDHODH enzyme, and chemical stability reactivity using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These findings indicate that the three natural compounds are potential candidates for dual PfDHODH and PfPMT inhibitors for malaria treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Elamin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - S E Eshage
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - S M Mohmmode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - R M Mukhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - M Mahjoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - E Sadelin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - T H Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - A Edris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - E M Elshamly
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Hochschule Anhalt, Köthen, Germany
| | - A A Makki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
| | - A Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Al Mansurah, Egypt
| | - A E Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Al Mansurah, Egypt
| | - W Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - S R M Ibrahim
- Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - G A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Alzain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan
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10
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Yousefi P, Soltani S, Siri G, Rezayat SA, Gholami A, Zafarani A, Razizadeh MH, Alborzi E, Mokhtary‐Irani G, Abedi B, Karampoor S, Tabibzadeh A, Farahani A. Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events a pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 associated with mortality: An updated review. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24941. [PMID: 37431777 PMCID: PMC10431412 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 emerged from China, and during months, COVID-19 spread in many countries around the world. The expanding data about pathogenesis of this virus could elucidate the exact mechanism by which COVID-19 caused death in humans. One of the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease is coagulation. Coagulation disorders that affect both venous and arterial systems occur in patients with COVID-19. The possible mechanism involved in the coagulation could be excessive inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2. However, it is not yet clear well how SARS-CoV-2 promotes coagulopathy. However, some factors, such as pulmonary endothelial cell damage and some anticoagulant system disorders, are assumed to have an important role. In this study, we assessed conducted studies about COVID-19-induced coagulopathy to obtain clearer vision of the wide range of manifestations and possible pathogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Yousefi
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saber Soltani
- Department of Virology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Goli Siri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sara Akhavan Rezayat
- Department of Health Care Management and Economics, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Gholami
- School of MedicineArak University of Medical SciencesArakIran
| | - Alireza Zafarani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ehsan Alborzi
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Golnaz Mokhtary‐Irani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jondishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Behnam Abedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Abbas Farahani
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
- Molecular and Medicine Research CenterKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
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11
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Baru Venkata R, Prasanth DSNBK, Pasala PK, Panda SP, Tatipamula VB, Mulukuri S, Kota RK, Rudrapal M, Khan J, Aldosari S, Alshehri B, Banawas S, Challa MC, Kammili JK. Utilizing Andrographis paniculata leaves and roots by effective usage of the bioactive andrographolide and its nanodelivery: investigation of antikindling and antioxidant activities through in silico and in vivo studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1185236. [PMID: 37324729 PMCID: PMC10266967 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1185236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To valorise the bioactive constituents abundant in leaves and other parts of medicinal plants with the objective to minimize the plant-based wastes, this study was undertaken. The main bioactive constituent of Andrographis paniculata, an Asian medicinal plant, is andrographolide (AG, a diterpenoid), which has shown promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses. Continuous electrical activity in the brain is a hallmark of the abnormal neurological conditions such as epilepsy (EY). This can lead to neurological sequelae. In this study, we used GSE28674 as a microarray expression profiling dataset to identify DEGs associated with andrographolide and those with fold changes >1 and p-value <0.05 GEO2R. We obtained eight DEG datasets (two up and six down). There was marked enrichment under various Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) terms for these DEGs (DUSP10, FN1, AR, PRKCE, CA12, RBP4, GABRG2, and GABRA2). Synaptic vesicles and plasma membranes were the predominant sites of DEG expression. AG acts as an antiepileptic agent by upregulating GABA levels. The low bioavailability of AG is a significant limitation of its application. To control these limitations, andrographolide nanoparticles (AGNPs) were prepared and their neuroprotective effect against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling epilepsy was investigated using network pharmacology (NP) and docking studies to evaluate the antiepileptic multi-target mechanisms of AG. Andrographolide is associated with eight targets in the treatment of epilepsy. Nicotine addiction, GABAergic synapse, and morphine addiction were mainly related to epilepsy, according to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis (p < 0.05). A docking study showed that andrographolide interacted with the key targets. AG regulates epilepsy and exerts its therapeutic effects by stimulating GABA production. Rats received 80 mg/kg body weight of AG and AGNP, phenytoin and PTZ (30 mg/kg i.p. injection on alternate days), brain MDA, SOD, GSH, GABAand histological changes of hippocampus and cortex were observed. PTZ injected rats showed significantly (***p < 0.001) increased kindling behavior, increased MDA, decreased GSH, SOD, GABA activities, compared with normal rats, while treatment AGNPs significantly reduced kindling score and reversed oxidative damage. Finally, we conclude that the leaves and roots of A. Paniculata can be effectively utilized for its major bioactive constituent, andrographolide as a potent anti-epileptic agent. Furthermore, the findings of novel nanotherapeutic approach claim that nano-andrographolide can be successfully in the management of kindling seizures and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Siva Prasad Panda
- Pharmacology Research Division, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sirisha Mulukuri
- Department of Natural Chemistry, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Kota
- Santhiram College of Pharmacy, JNTUA, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Guntur, India
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Aldosari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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Rudrapal M, Vallinayagam S, Aldosari S, Khan J, Albadrani H, Al-Shareeda A, Kamal M. Valorization of Adhatoda vasica leaves: Extraction, in vitro analyses and in silico approaches. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1161471. [PMID: 37063312 PMCID: PMC10099809 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1161471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhatoda vasica (also called Vasaka) is a traditional medicinal herb used traditionally for the relief of cough, asthma, nasal congestion, bronchial inflammation, upper respiratory infections, bleeding disorders, skin diseases, leprosy, tuberculosis, diabetes, allergic conditions, rheumatism, tumor, and many more diseases. The present study aims to investigate the biological activities of vasicine, a potent alkaloid from A. vasica with different biological/ pharmacological assays and in silico techniques. Vasicine showed antimicrobial activity as evidenced fromthe colony-forming unit assay. It showed antioxidant activity in ABTS scavenging assay (IC50 = 11.5 μg/ml), ferric reducing power assay (IC50 = 15 μg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging assay (IC50 = 18.2 μg/ml), hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (IC50 = 22 μg/ml), and hydrogen peroxide assay (IC50 = 27.8 μg/ml). It also showed anti-inflammatory activity in proteinase inhibitory assay (IC50 = 76 μg/ml), BSA method (IC50 = 51.7 μg/ml), egg albumin method (IC50 = 53.2 μg/ml), and lipooxygenase inhibition assay (IC50 = 76 μg/ml). Vasicine showed antidiabetic activity in α-amylase inhibition assay (IC50 = 47.6 μg/ml), α-glucosidase inhibition assay (IC50 = 49.68 μg/ml), and non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin assay. It showed antiviral activity against HIV-protease (IC50 = 38.5 μg/ml). Vasicine also showed anticancer activity against lung cancer cells (IC50 = 46.5 μg/ml) and human fibroblast cells (IC50 = 82.5 μg/ml). In silico studies revealed that similar to the native ligands, vasicine also showed a low binding energy, i.e., good binding affinity for the active binding sites and interacted with α-amylase (-6.7 kcal/mol), α-glucosidase (-7.6 kcal/mol), cyclooxygenase (-7.4 kcal/mol), epidermal growth factor receptor (-6.4 kcal/mol), lipooxygenase (-6.9 kcal/mol), and HIV-protease (-6.4 kcal/mol). The present study ascertains the potential of vasicine as a bioactive compound isolated from A. vasica having therapeutic usefulness in many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, India
- *Correspondence: Mithun Rudrapal
| | - Sugumari Vallinayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R and D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sahar Aldosari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Sahar Aldosari s.aldosarimu.edu.sa
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Albadrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Al-Shareeda
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of the Saudi Biobank, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmad I, Khan H, Serdaroğlu G. Physicochemical Properties, Drug Likeness, ADMET, DFT Studies and in vitro antioxidant activity of Oxindole Derivatives. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 104:107861. [PMID: 37060784 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Poor pharmacokinetic and safety profiles create significant hurdles in the drug development process. This work focuses on a detailed understanding of drug discovery interplay among physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicity endpoints, and antioxidant properties of oxindole derivatives. DFT compıutations were also performed at B3LYP/6-311G** level to evaluate the physicochemical properties, global reactivity features, and intramolecular interactions. The BOILED-Egg pharmacokinetic model envisaged gastrointestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier penetration, and no interaction with p-glycoprotein for compounds C1 and C2. The physicochemical evaluation revealed that C1 possesses superior drug-like properties fit for oral absorption. Both derivatives were predicted to have high plasma protein binding, efficient distribution, and inhibiting CYP 450 major isoforms but serve as substrates only for a few of them. Both molecules have mild to moderate clearance rates. Out of ten toxicity parameters, only hepatotoxicity was predicted. DFT results implied that the meta position of the -OH group made the possibility of charge transfer greater than -para positioned -OH, due to the ΔNmax (eV) values of molecules C1 and C2 being calculated at 2.596 and 2.477, respectively. Both C1 and C2 exhibited a concentration dependant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The chemical structure-physicochemical-pharmacokinetic relationship identified the meta position as the favorite for the electron-withdrawing hydroxyl group. This provides useful insight to medicinal chemists to design 6-chlorooxindole derivatives with an acceptable drug-like and pharmacokinetic property.
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Zothantluanga JH, Umar AK, Lalhlenmawia H, Vinayagam S, Borthakur MS, Patowary L, Tayeng D. Computational screening of phytochemicals for anti-parasitic drug discovery. PHYTOCHEMISTRY, COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS AND DATABASES IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2023:257-283. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-90593-0.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Kakhar Umar A, Zothantluanga JH, Luckanagul JA, Limpikirati P, Sriwidodo S. Structure-based computational screening of 470 natural quercetin derivatives for identification of SARS-CoV-2 M pro inhibitor. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14915. [PMID: 36935912 PMCID: PMC10022500 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic infecting the respiratory system through a notorious virus known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to viral mutations and the risk of drug resistance, it is crucial to identify new molecules having potential prophylactic or therapeutic effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present study, we aimed to identify a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 through virtual screening of a compound library of 470 quercetin derivatives by targeting the main protease-Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7). The study was carried out with computational techniques such as molecular docking simulation studies (MDSS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MMGBSA) techniques. Among the natural derivatives, compound 382 (PubChem CID 65604) showed the best binding affinity to Mpro (-11.1 kcal/mol). Compound 382 interacted with LYS5, TYR126, GLN127, LYS137, ASP289, PHE291, ARG131, SER139, GLU288, and GLU290 of the Mpro protein. The SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-382 complex showed acceptable stability during the 100 ns MD simulations. The SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-382 complex also showed an MM-GBSA binding free energy value of -54.0 kcal/mol. The binding affinity, stability, and free energy results for 382 and Mpro were better than those of the native ligand and the standard inhibitors ledipasvir and cobicistat. The conclusion of our study was that compound 382 has the potential to inhibit SARS-Cov-2 Mpro. However, further investigations such as in-vitro assays are recommended to confirm its in-silico potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd. Kakhar Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jawa barat, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James H. Zothantluanga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dibrugarh University, Assam, India
| | - Jittima Amie Luckanagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patanachai Limpikirati
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jawa barat, Indonesia
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Rudrapal M, Celik I, Chinnam S, Çevik UA, Tallei TE, Nizam A, Joy F, Abdellattif MH, Walode SG. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Indole Derivatives. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2139733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayaseri, Turkey
| | - Sampath Chinnam
- Department of Chemistry, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Deparment of Biology, Faculty of Matematic and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Aatika Nizam
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Francis Joy
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay G. Walode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
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Yildirim M, Celik I. Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics and ADMET Studies on the OTU Protease of Crimean‐Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yildirim
- Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry 38039 Kayseri Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry 38039 Kayseri Turkey
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18
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Khan J, Rasmi Y, Kırboğa KK, Ali A, Rudrapal M, Patekar RR. Development of gold nanoparticle-based biosensors for COVID-19 diagnosis. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 11:111. [PMID: 36092513 PMCID: PMC9444098 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative organism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Though there are certain recommended drugs that can cure COVID-19, their therapeutic efficacy is limited. Therefore, the early and rapid detection without compromising the test accuracy is necessary in order to provide an appropriate treatment for the disease suppression.
Main body
Nanoparticles (NPs) can closely mimic the virus and interact strongly with its proteins due to their morphological similarities. NPs have been widely applied in a variety of medical applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, antimicrobial treatment, and imaging. Recently, NPs-based biosensors have attracted great interest for their biological activities and specific sensing properties, which allows the detection of analytes such as nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), aptamers, and proteins in clinical samples. Further, the advances of nanotechnologies have enabled the development of miniaturized detection systems for point-of-care biosensors, a new strategy for detecting human viral diseases. Among the various NPs, the specific physicochemical properties of gold NPs (AuNPs) are being widely used in the field of clinical diagnostics. As a result, several AuNP-based colorimetric detection methods have been developed.
Short conclusion
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the development of AuNPs-based biosensors by virtue of its powerful characteristics as a signal amplifier or enhancer that target pathogenic RNA viruses that provide a reliable and effective strategy for detecting of the existing or newly emerging SARS-CoV-2.
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Celik I, Rudrapal M, Yadalam PK, Chinnam S, Balaji TM, Varadarajan S, Khan J, Patil S, Walode SG, Panke DV. Resveratrol and Its Natural Analogues Inhibit RNA Dependant RNA Polymerase (RdRp) of Rhizopus oryzae in Mucormycosis through Computational Investigations. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2091618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Adhiparasakthi Dental College & Hospital, Melmaruvathur, India
| | - Sampath Chinnam
- Department of Chemistry, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay G. Walode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Dhiraj V. Panke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
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