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Motallebirad T, Mardanshah O, Safarabadi M, Ghaffari K, Orouji MA, Abedi B, Azadi D. Screening, molecular identification, population diversity, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Actinomycetes species isolated from meat and meat products of slaughterhouses, restaurants, and meat stores of a developing country, Iran. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134368. [PMID: 37520382 PMCID: PMC10373891 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Actinomycetes can colonize surfaces of tools and equipment and can be transferred to meat and meat products during manufacture, processing, handling, and storage. Moreover, washing the meat does not eliminate the microorganisms; it only spreads them. As a result, these opportunistic pathogens can enter the human body and cause various infections. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to screen, identify, and determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Actinomycetes species from meat and meat products in the Markazi province of Iran. Methods A total of 60 meat and meat product samples, including minced meat, mutton, beef, chicken, hamburgers, and sausages, were collected from slaughterhouses, butchers, and restaurants in the Markazi province of Iran. The samples were analyzed using standard microbiological protocols for the isolation and characterization of Actinomycetes. PCR amplification of hsp65 and 16SrRNA genes and sequence analysis of 16SrRNA were used for genus and species identification. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth microdilution method and interpreted according to the CLSI guidelines. Results A total of 21 (35%) Actinomycetes isolates from 5 genera and 12 species were isolated from 60 samples. The most prevalent Actinomycetes were from the genus Mycobacterium, with six (28.6%) isolates (M. avium complex, M. terrae, M. smegmatis, and M. novocastrense), followed by the genus Rhodococcus with five (23.8%) isolates (R. equi and R. erythropolis), the genus Actinomyces with four (19.1%) isolates (A. ruminicola and A. viscosus), the genus Nocardia with four (19.1%) isolates (N. asiatica, N. seriolae, and N. niigatensis), and the genus Streptomyces with two (9.5%) isolates (S. albus). Chicken and sausage samples had the highest and lowest levels of contamination, with six and one isolates. Respectively, the results of drug susceptibility testing (DST) showed that all isolates were susceptible to Ofloxacin, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Levofloxacin, whereas all of them were resistant to Doxycycline and Rifampicin. Discussion The findings suggest that meat and meat products play an important role as a reservoir for the transmission of Actinomycetes to humans, thus causing life-threatening foodborne diseases such as gastrointestinal and cutaneous disorders. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate basic hygiene measures into the cycle of meat production to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Motallebirad
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Omid Mardanshah
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Safarabadi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Kazem Ghaffari
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Orouji
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Behnam Abedi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Davood Azadi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
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Yousefi P, Soltani S, Siri G, Rezayat SA, Gholami A, Zafarani A, Razizadeh MH, Alborzi E, Mokhtary‐Irani G, Abedi B, Karampoor S, Tabibzadeh A, Farahani A. Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events a pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 associated with mortality: An updated review. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24941. [PMID: 37431777 PMCID: PMC10431412 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 emerged from China, and during months, COVID-19 spread in many countries around the world. The expanding data about pathogenesis of this virus could elucidate the exact mechanism by which COVID-19 caused death in humans. One of the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease is coagulation. Coagulation disorders that affect both venous and arterial systems occur in patients with COVID-19. The possible mechanism involved in the coagulation could be excessive inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2. However, it is not yet clear well how SARS-CoV-2 promotes coagulopathy. However, some factors, such as pulmonary endothelial cell damage and some anticoagulant system disorders, are assumed to have an important role. In this study, we assessed conducted studies about COVID-19-induced coagulopathy to obtain clearer vision of the wide range of manifestations and possible pathogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Yousefi
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saber Soltani
- Department of Virology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Goli Siri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sara Akhavan Rezayat
- Department of Health Care Management and Economics, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Gholami
- School of MedicineArak University of Medical SciencesArakIran
| | - Alireza Zafarani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ehsan Alborzi
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Golnaz Mokhtary‐Irani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jondishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Behnam Abedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Abbas Farahani
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
- Molecular and Medicine Research CenterKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
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Tavakol H, Abedi B. Phosphorous‐modified Porous Carbon Supported Nickel Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for the Reduction of Nitroaromatics in Water. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Tavakol
- Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Behnam Abedi
- Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
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Abedi B, Akbari M, Azadi D, Habibi D, Khodashenas S, Shariatmadari F. Toxoplasmosis infection in newborn: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:75. [DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_24_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abedi B, Akbari M, KhodaShenas S, Tabibzadeh A, Abedi A, Ghasemikhah R, Soheili M, Bayazidi S, Moradi Y. The global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Pediatr 2021; 64:575-581. [PMID: 33561339 PMCID: PMC8566795 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati in humans. Various types of T. canis are important. PURPOSE The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics in the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 and December 2019 that report the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics. The evaluation of articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria was performed by 2 researchers individually. RESULTS The results of 31 relevant studies indicated that the prevalence of Toxocara spp. was 3%-79% in 10,676 cases. The pooled estimate of global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics was 30 (95% confidence interval, 22%-37%; I2=99.11%; P=0.00). The prevalence was higher in Asian populations than in European, American, and African populations. CONCLUSION Health policymakers should be more attentive to future research and approaches to Toxocara spp. and other zoonotic diseases to improve culture and identify socioeconomically important factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Abedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mehran Akbari
- Department of Nursing, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Sahar KhodaShenas
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Departments of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Abedi
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran
| | - Reza Ghasemikhah
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Marzieh Soheili
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Human Revivification Society of Congress 60, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shnoo Bayazidi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Abedi B, Azadi D, Hajihossein R, Khodashenas S, Ghaffari K, Mosayebi M. Isolation and molecular identification of Acanthamoeba spp. from hospital dust and soil of Khomein, Iran, as reservoir for nosocomial infection. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2021; 15:e00224. [PMID: 34584991 PMCID: PMC8456014 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2021.e00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoeba spp. are commonest opportunistic amoebae, which ubiquitous in various environmental resources. Acanthamoeba species are the causative agents of amoebic keratitis, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and i.e. in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Moreover Acanthamoeba spp. can act as reservoir and transmission agent of bacterial pathogens. Due to this issue the aim of this study was to characterized Acanthamoeba spp. genotypes in dust and soil of hospital samples from Khomein of Iran. Methods In a cross sectional study, a total of 100 soil and dust samples were collected from hospital environment of Khomein Iran, and analyzed for the presence of Acanthamoeba spp. based on phenotypic and molecular methods including PCR amplification and sequence analysis of 18SrRNA. A total of 5 Acanthamoeba isolates were sequenced, and different genotypes of isolates were detected via direct sequence analysis. Results The results showed that 20% of samples (20/100) were positive for Acanthamoeba, while only 5 cases were successfully cultured in NNM medium and were subjected to molecular assay. A. lenticulata, A. castellanii and A. quina were the prevalent identified species that were belonged to T4 and T5 genotypes. Conclusions Acanthamoeba spp. are the most prevalent free living amoeba in the dust and soil of hospital environment. Moreover, due to the presence of potentially pathogenic T4 genotypes in our hospital, it is recommended that in health and hygienic programs elimination of FLA should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Abedi
- Department of Basic and Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Davood Azadi
- Department of Basic and Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Reza Hajihossein
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Sahar Khodashenas
- Department of Basic and Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Kazem Ghaffari
- Department of Basic and Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mosayebi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Akbari M, Fayazi N, Kazemzadeh Y, Didehdar M, Momeni H, Abedi B, Sadeghi K, Orouji MA. Evaluate the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and Basic Reproductive Rate (R-naught) of COVID-19. Curr Health Sci J 2021; 47:270-274. [PMID: 34765248 PMCID: PMC8551904 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.47.02.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects a person's respiratory system and leads to the spread of pathogenicity in the person and therefore this study evaluated the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and Basic Reproductive Rate (R-naught) of COVID-19. METHOD This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on all people with COVID-19 from the first date of admission of positive PCR patients with SARS-CoV-2 until September 21, 2020, in the area of Markazi Province in Khomein, Iran. Information on the records of definitively discharged and deceased patients due to COVID-19 (having positive PCR) was extracted from 20/2/2020 to 21/9/2020, and Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and Basic Reproductive Rate (R-naught) of COVID-19 were evaluated. The sample size was 691 people. RESULTS The CFR of the COVID-19 in the current study is 6.65%, and the rate of disease transmission among the sensitive population of Khomein city at the beginning of the study (March) averaged BASIC REPRODUCTIVE RATE= 1.75, and in the last month (September) of the study This value was reduced to BASIC REPRODUCTIVE RATE= 1.306. CONCLUSION According to our study on Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and Basic Reproductive Rate (R-naught) of COVID-19, showed that the prevalence of the disease was high in March, which due to lack of proper observance of health protocols, we saw this problem and in the months when people have more problems. Hygiene was reduced, and the rate of transmission and mortality was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Akbari
- Department of Nursing, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Neda Fayazi
- Department of Nursing, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Yasan Kazemzadeh
- Department of Health, Khomein School of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hamid Momeni
- Department of Nursing, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Behnam Abedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Kamal Sadeghi
- Department of Health, Khomein School of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Orouji
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
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Abedi B, Maghsood AH, Khansarinejad B, Fallah M, Matini M, Gholami S, Pagheh AS, Ghasemikhah R. Genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus isolates from livestock based on mitochondrial cox1 gene, in the Markazi province, Iran. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:592-596. [PMID: 31749529 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidosisis a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus with different genotypes, and major complications in vital organs such as liver, lungs and, brain. Also, this parasite can infect animals and cause economic damages. Recently, some investigations indicated that the genetic variation of the parasite affects the antigenic, immunogenic and pathogenic features. Therefore, present study conducted to genotyping of the E. granulosus larva based on mitochondrial cox1 gene in livestock in the endemic areas of Markazi province, Iran. In this study, 49 hydatid cysts samples collected from 36 sheep, 11 goats and 2 cattle from different slaughterhouses of Markazi province in central part of Iran, 2017. The mitochondrial cox1 gene was amplified and genotyping were accomplished using sequence analysis. The sequencing analysis indicated that the main genotype G1 (61%) and G3 (37%) were identified. Also, one of the samples shows similarity with the G2 (2%) genotype. The results showed the statistically significant differences between the genotypes in different livestock (P < 0.05). This study indicated that the main genotypes of E. granulosus in Markazi province are G1 and G3 which are related to dog/sheep strain. Therefore, parasite control in dogs and sheep can reduce the risk of transmission of infection to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Abedi
- 1Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Maghsood
- 1Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Behzad Khansarinejad
- 2Department of Medical Microbiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fallah
- 1Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Matini
- 1Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shirzad Gholami
- 3Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abdol Sattar Pagheh
- 3Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Ghasemikhah
- 4Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
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Islami F, Kamangar F, Aghcheli K, Fahimi S, Semnani S, Taghavi N, Marjani HA, Merat S, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Pourshams A, Nouraie M, Khatibian M, Abedi B, Brazandeh MH, Ghaziani R, Sotoudeh M, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Taylor PR, Malekzadeh R. Epidemiologic features of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers in Northeastern Iran. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:1402-6. [PMID: 15054463 PMCID: PMC2409685 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that oesophageal and gastric cancers are the most common causes of cancer death in the Golestan Province, Iran. In 2001, we established Atrak Clinic, a referral clinic for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in Gonbad, the major city of eastern Golestan, which has permitted, for the first time in this region, endoscopic localisation and histologic examination of upper GI cancers. Among the initial 682 patients seen at Atrak Clinic, 370 were confirmed histologically to have cancer, including 223 (60%) oesophageal squamous cell cancers (ESCC), 22 (6%) oesophageal adenocarcinomas (EAC), 58 (16%) gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA), and 58 (16%) gastric noncardia adenocarcinomas. The proportional occurrence of these four main site-cell type subdivisions of upper GI cancers in Golestan is similar to that seen in Linxian, China, another area of high ESCC incidence, and is markedly different from the current proportions in many Western countries. Questioning of patients about exposure to some known and suspected risk factors for squamous cell oesophageal cancer confirmed a negligible history of consumption of alcohol, little use of cigarettes or nass (tobacco, lime and ash), and a low intake of opium, suggesting that the high rates of ESCC seen in northeastern Iran must have other important risk factors that remain speculative or unknown. Further studies are needed to define more precisely the patterns of upper GI cancer incidence, to test other previously suspected risk factors, and to find new significant risk factors in this high-risk area.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Islami
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Kamangar
- Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K Aghcheli
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Fahimi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Semnani
- Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - N Taghavi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - H A Marjani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Merat
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Nasseri-Moghaddam
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Pourshams
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Nouraie
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Khatibian
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Abedi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - M H Brazandeh
- Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - R Ghaziani
- Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M Sotoudeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - S M Dawsey
- Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C C Abnet
- Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P R Taylor
- Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:
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