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Abdelkhalik A, Abdou NM, Gyushi MAH, Shaaban A, Abd El-Mageed SA, Hemida KA, Abd El-Mageed TA. Enhancing sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) resilience grown in cadmium-contaminated saline soil: a synergistic approach using Moringa leaf extract and effective microorganisms application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:32464-32479. [PMID: 38653894 PMCID: PMC11133164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Raising soil contamination with cadmium (Cd2+) and salinization necessitates the development of green approaches using bio-elicitors to ensure sustainable crop production and mitigate the detrimental health impacts. Two field trials were carried out to study the individual and combined effects of foliage spraying of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) and soil application of effective microorganisms (EMs) on the physio-biochemical, osmolytes, antioxidants, and performance of sweet potato grown in Cd2+-contaminated salty soil (Cd2+ = 17.42 mg kg-1 soil and soil salinity ECe = 7.42 dS m-1). Application of MLE, EMs, or MLE plus EMs significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd2+ in roots by 55.6%, 50.0%, or 68.1% and in leaves by 31.4%, 27.6%, or 38.0%, respectively, compared to the control. Co-application of MLE and EMs reduced Na+ concentration while substantially raising N, P, K+, and Ca2+ acquisition in the leaves. MLE and EMs-treated plants exhibited higher concentrations of total soluble sugar by 69.6%, free proline by 47.7%, total free amino acids by 29.0%, and protein by 125.7% compared to the control. The enzymatic (SOD, APX, GR, and CAT) and non-enzymatic (phenolic acids, GSH, and AsA) antioxidants increased in plants treated with MLE and/or EMs application. Applying MLE and/or EMs increased the leaf photosynthetic pigment contents, membrane stability, relative water content, water productivity, growth traits, and tuber yield of Cd2+ and salt-stressed sweet potato. Consequently, the integrative application of MLE and EMs achieved the best results exceeding the single treatments recommended in future application to sweet potato in saline soil contaminated with Cd2+.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasr M Abdou
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A H Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Shaaban
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Khaulood A Hemida
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Taia A Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
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El-Mageed TAA, Semida WM, Abdou NM, El-Mageed SAA. Coupling Effects of Potassium Fertilization Rate and Application Time on Growth and Grain Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants Grown Under Cd-Contaminated Saline Soil. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 2023; 23:1070-1084. [DOI: 10.1007/s42729-022-01104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Potassium is an essential macronutrient, where its availability regulates numerous biochemical, phenological, and physiological responses in plants. Synchronizing potassium supply with plant demand is a key factor to enhance growth and grain production of wheat grown in cadmium-contaminated saline soils. Field experiments were conducted in El Fayoum province, Egypt, between latitudes 29° 02′ and 29° 35′ N and longitudes 30° 23′ and 31° 05′ E, during the cropping seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 to determine the influence of different applied potassium rates and times on nutrient uptake and wheat yield grown under Cd-contaminated saline soil (ECe = 8.53 dS m−1 and Cd = 18 mg kg−1 soil). Four K levels (K0, K40, K80, and K120 representing 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) were applied at different application times [full dose (basal) at sowing (100% S), two equal split doses at sowing and flowering stage (50% S + 50% F), and full dose at flowering stage (100% F)]. The experimental treatments were arranged in a randomized split complete block design and replicated three times. The applied K rates, times, and their interaction induced significant differences in nutrient uptake and physiological responses which in turn improved the growth and yield of the wheat crop. Potassium addition with 120 kg ha−1 at two equal split doses (50% S + 50% F) resulted in the highest values of plant height (97 cm), Fv/Fm (0.83), PI (5.49), SPAD (58.63), MSI (34.57), seed yield (5.04 t ha−1), straw yield (9.04 t ha−1), and water productivity (0.99 kg m−3). Similarly, the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn was increased, while the uptake of Na and Cd decreased as the K supply increased under the split application. The addition of potassium by 120 kg ha−1 in two equal split doses at the sowing and flowering stage could be a valuable approach to improve yield and yield quality of wheat crop grown under cadmium-contaminated saline soils.
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Elsayed SSA, Sehsah MD, Oueslati MA, Ibrahim OM, Hamden S, Seddek NH, Abo-Elmagd HI, Alkhalifah DHM, Sheteiwy MS, AbdElgawad H, El-Saadony MT, El-Tahan AM. The effect of using fresh farmyard manure (animal manure) on the severity of Fusarium verticilioides in soil, root, stem, and kernels as well as lodging and borer incidence of maize plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:998440. [PMID: 36762184 PMCID: PMC9907084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.998440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides, an important maize pathogen, produce fumonisins, causes stalk rot and consequentially reduce crop growth and yield. Therefore, herein we aimed to evaluate the potential use of two farmyard soil organic manures, i.e., fresh (5-6 days old) and stored (5-6 months old) organic manure, to manage F. verticillioides infections as well as borer incidence and lodging in maize plants. After 30, 60, and 90 days of sowing, samples of soil, roots, and stems were collected to isolate F. verticillioides. Moreover, we estimated ear and kernel rot induced by F. verticillioides at the final harvest. Fresh organic manure treatment increased infection rates of F. verticillioides in soil, roots, stem and kernels compared to the control treatment. In contrast, stored organic manure plots treatments decrease F. verticillioides frequency. At 90 days after sowing, stored organic manure suppressed the survival of F. verticillioides, which reduced the F. verticillioides incidence percent. These results were similar to the effect of herbicides-and insecticide-treated plots demonstrated, which show a significant decrease in F. verticillioides incidence rates. Mycological analysis on symptomless kernels revealed a higher % of pathogen infection in opened husks variety (Balady) than closed husks variety (SC10). Compared with stored organic manure, the stem borer incidence and lodging percentage were the highest in fresh organic manure plots. Finally, these results demonstrated that storing organic manure within five to six months as farmyard manure led to high-temperature centigrade within organic manure, thereby destroying spores of F. verticillioides, whereas fresh organic manure did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar S. A. Elsayed
- Maize and Sugar Crops Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institution, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed D. Sehsah
- Maize and Sugar Crops Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institution, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Moufida A. Oueslati
- Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies and The Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Sciences in al Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Ibrahim
- Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salem Hamden
- Department of Agric. Botany (Plant Pathology), Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Nermien H. Seddek
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Jubail 4030 (CAMSJ), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I. Abo-Elmagd
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira M. El-Tahan
- Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City, Alexandria, Egypt
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Ibrahim AEA, Abd El Mageed T, Abohamid Y, Abdallah H, El-Saadony M, AbuQamar S, El-Tarabily K, Abdou N. Exogenously Applied Proline Enhances Morph-Physiological Responses and Yield of Drought-Stressed Maize Plants Grown Under Different Irrigation Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897027. [PMID: 35909786 PMCID: PMC9331896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The exogenous application of osmoprotectants [e.g., proline (Pro)] is an important approach for alleviating the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on plants. Field trials were conducted during the summers of 2017 and 2018 to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and exogenous application of Pro on the productivity, morph-physiological responses, and yield of maize grown under two irrigation systems [surface irrigation (SI) and drip irrigation (DI)]. Three deficit irrigation levels (I100, I85, and I70, representing 100, 85, and 70% of crop evapotranspiration, respectively) and two concentrations of Pro (Pro1 = 2 mM and Pro2 = 4 mM) were used in this study. The plants exposed to drought stress showed a significant reduction in plant height, dry matter, leaf area, chlorophyll content [soil plant analysis development (SPAD)], quantum efficiency of photosystem II [Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, and performance index (PI)], water status [membrane stability index (MSI) and relative water content (RWC)], and grain yield. The DI system increased crop growth and yield and reduced the irrigation water input by 30% compared with the SI system. The growth, water status, and yield of plants significantly decreased with an increase in the water stress levels under the SI system. Under the irrigation systems tested in this study, Pro1 and Pro2 increased plant height by 16 and 18%, RWC by 7 and 10%, MSI by 6 and 12%, PI by 6 and 19%, chlorophyll fluorescence by 7 and 11%, relative chlorophyll content by 9 and 14%, and grain yield by 10 and 14%, respectively, compared with Pro0 control treatment (no Pro). The interaction of Pro2 at I100 irrigation level in DI resulted in the highest grain yield (8.42 t ha-1). However, under the DI or SI system, exogenously applied Pro2 at I85 irrigation level may be effective in achieving higher water productivity and yield without exerting any harmful effects on the growth or yield of maize under limited water conditions. Our results demonstrated the importance of the application of Pro as a tolerance inducer of drought stress in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Aty Ibrahim
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Taia Abd El Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abohamid
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Hanan Abdallah
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Synan AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Nasr Abdou
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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