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Pan R, Okada A, Yamana H, Yasunaga H, Kumazawa R, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Honda Y, Kim Y. Association between ambient temperature and cause-specific cardiovascular disease admissions in Japan: A nationwide study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115610. [PMID: 36871945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial evidence suggests that non-optimal temperatures can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity; however, limited studies have reported inconsistent results for hospital admissions depending on study locations, which also lack national-level investigations on cause-specific CVDs. METHODS We performed a two-stage meta-regression analysis to examine the short-term associations between temperature and acute CVD hospital admissions by specific categories [i.e., ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke] in 47 prefectures of Japan from 2011 to 2018. First, we estimated the prefecture-specific associations using a time-stratified case-crossover design with a distributed lag nonlinear model. We then used a multivariate meta-regression model to obtain national average associations. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 4,611,984 CVD admissions were reported. We found cold temperatures significantly increased the risk of total CVD admissions and cause-specific categories. Compared with the minimum hospitalization temperature (MHT) at the 98th percentile of temperature (29.9 °C), the cumulative relative risks (RRs) for cold (5th percentile, 1.7 °C) and heat (99th percentile, 30.5 °C) on total CVD were 1.226 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.195, 1.258] and 1.000 (95% CI: 0.998, 1.002), respectively. The RR for cold on HF [RR = 1.571 (95% CI: 1.487, 1.660)] was higher than those of IHD [RR = 1.119 (95% CI: 1.040, 1.204)] and stroke [RR = 1.107 (95% CI: 1.062, 1.155)], comparing to their cause-specific MHTs. We also observed that extreme heat increased the risk of HF with RR of 1.030 (95% CI: 1.007, 1.054). Subgroup analysis showed that the age group ≥85 years was more vulnerable to these non-optimal temperature risks. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that cold and heat exposure could increase the risk of hospital admissions for CVD, varying depending on the cause-specific categories, which may provide new evidence to reduce the burden of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pan
- Department of Global Environmental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Okada
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Yamana
- Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kumazawa
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Honda
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan; Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- Department of Global Environmental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Imamura M, Tahara Y, Suiko T, Nagamori Y, Shibata S. Association between blood pressure and circadian timing of physical activity of Japanese workers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:992945. [PMID: 36225298 PMCID: PMC9549327 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.992945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is reported to be accounted for more than 10 million deaths, and the high prevalence of hypertension is a global issue. Exercise is known to reduce BP and the optimal exercise prescription has been discussed. Furthermore, since the circadian clock plays an important role in BP regulation and its related physiological functions, the time-of-day difference in the effect of exercise on BP is suggested. However, when people should regularly exercise for the prevention of hypertension remains unclear. In this cross-sectional research, we analyzed the association of habitual exercise and BP depending on their performed timing, time length, and frequency for three levels of intensity from an analysis of questionnaire answered by Japanese male workers (N = 2,343, mean age ± SE = 49.2 ± 0.2 years old, date: June 2021). From the subjects who responded, subjects with irregularly high or low BP, no regular physical activity or under the treatment of hypertension were excluded from the analysis. From the comparison of SBP and DBP between those who performed physical activity at each time period, vigorous or moderate physical activity in the evening (18:00–21:00) showed significantly lower average BP. On the other hand, those who walked in early morning (03:00–06:00) showed higher DBP. These time-specific differences were confirmed from multiple regression analysis, eliminating the confounding factors such as age and BMI. When participants were divided into groups according to their BP, compared to normal BP groups, higher BP groups exercised less in the evening. Our findings suggest that when to exercise is important, and that exercising in the evening (18:00–21:00) may be better to achieve the hypotensive effect of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Imamura
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiko Suiko
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagamori
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shigenobu Shibata,
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Xu X, Lian Z. Objective sleep assessments for healthy people in environmental research: A literature review. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13034. [PMID: 35622713 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To date, although many studies had focused on the impact of environmental factors on sleep, how to choose the proper assessment method for objective sleep quality was often ignored, especially for healthy subjects in bedroom environment. In order to provide methodological guidance for future research, this paper reviewed the assessments of objective sleep quality applied in environmental researches, compared them from the perspective of accuracy and interference, and statistically analyzed the impact of experimental type and subjects' information on method selection. The review results showed that, in contrast to polysomnography (PSG), the accuracy of actigraphy (ACT), respiratory monitoring-oxygen saturation monitoring (RM-OSM), and electrocardiograph (ECG) could reach up to 97%, 80.38%, and 79.95%, respectively. In terms of sleep staging, PSG and ECG performed the best, ACT the second, and RM-OSM the worst; as compared to single methods, mix methods were more accurate and better at sleep staging. PSG interfered with sleep a great deal, while ECG and ACT could be non-contact, and thus, the least interference with sleep was present. The type of experiment significantly influenced the choice of assessment method (p < 0.001), 85.3% of researchers chose PSG in laboratory study while 82.5% ACT in field study; moreover, PSG was often used in a relatively small number of young subjects, while ACT had a wide applicable population. In general, researchers need to pay more attention at selection of assessments in future studies, and this review can be used as a reliable reference for experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Xu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Lian
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Khan K, Tanaka-Mizuno S, Turin TC, Takashima N, Kadota A, Ueshima H, Miura K, Kita Y. Relationship of Ambient Temperature Parameters to Stroke Incidence in a Japanese Population - Takashima Stroke Registry, Japan, 1988-2010. Circ J 2021; 85:2215-2221. [PMID: 34321376 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-21-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a population-based stroke registry system, we evaluated the relationship between ambient temperature parameters and stroke incidence in a Japanese population.Methods and Results:We analyzed data from the Takashima Stroke Registry, which records all stroke occurrences in Takashima City, Japan. The study period of 8,401 days was divided into quintiles of daily weather parameters, and the middle quintile was used as the reference category. Incidence rates (IR per 100,000 person-years) were calculated across the quintiles. Poisson regression analysis was used to calculate the effect of temperature parameters on stroke incidence. There were 2,405 first-ever strokes (1,294 men), including 1,625 ischemic, 545 cerebral hemorrhages, 213 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 22 unclassified strokes. The stroke IR was higher in the middle quintile of average temperature, 357.3 (328.4-388.8), and for other parameters. After adjustment for age and sex, for all stroke, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) in the highest (Q5: IRR 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71-0.92) and the second-highest (Q4: IRR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71-0.91) quintile was lower than that in the middle quintile (Q3: Reference). Analogous results were observed for the minimum, maximum, and lag-days temperatures, also in the subtypes and across ≥65 years of age, also in females. CONCLUSIONS Higher temperatures, irrespective of the parameter (average, minimum, or maximum), had a protective effect against stroke occurrence in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawser Khan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute
| | - Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno
- Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga University of Medical Science.,Department of Digital Health and Epidemiology, Kyoto University
| | - Tanvir C Turin
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,Department of Public Health, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Yoshikuni Kita
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,Tsuruga Nursing University
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de Souza AGL, Bueno da Silva L, de Leon EB, Trimer R, Mendonça ASGB. Students' blood pressure and heart rate while performing cognitive tasks at education institutions in Northern and Northeastern Brazil. Work 2018; 61:437-448. [PMID: 30373987 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of information and communication technologies improves the versatility of learning environments by broadening the scope of educational practices, allowing students to communicate with other institutions and providing access to information in real time. However, these tools, in addition to environmental characteristics, can increase the internal thermal load, which is directly influenced by the external environment, with a consequent impact on body physiology. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the relationship between air temperature and blood pressure and heart rate among students performing cognitive tasks at computer laboratories in four public universities (three in Northeastern Brazil and one in Northern Brazilian). METHODS Thermal conditions and physiological parameters were analysed over three consecutive days, and the participants were subjected to changes in air temperature from 20°C to 33°C. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after testing. RESULTS Analyses of the experimental data showed changes in heart rate at high temperatures, with a greater risk of students from Teresina and Manaus institutions presenting heart rates above 100 bpm during cognitive tasks. CONCLUSIONS Within the temperature range applied, on the day of the highest temperature, we observed the highest percentage of participants who reported thermal discomfort (63%, 33°C; 58%, 29°C; 38%, 28°C) and a reduction of cognitive performance (15 to 10 points when the air temperature increases from 20 to 33°C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana G L de Souza
- Production Engineering Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Bueno da Silva
- Production Engineering Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Elisa B de Leon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Renata Trimer
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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Kuo TBJ, Li JY, Chen CY, Lin YC, Tsai MW, Lin SP, Yang CCH. Influence of Accelerometer Placement and/or Heart Rate on Energy Expenditure Prediction during Uphill Exercise. J Mot Behav 2017; 50:127-133. [PMID: 28850303 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2017.1306481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies using a triaxial accelerometer and heart rate (HR) simultaneously for estimating energy expenditure (EE) during uphill exercise are rare. Exploring the optimal location for placing the accelerometer for predicting EE during uphill exercise is essential. Sixteen healthy male participants (M ± SEM; age 25.00 ± 0.61 years; body weight 74.13 ± 2.51 kg; body height 1.74 ± 0.01 m; body mass index 24.30 ± 0.63 kg/m2) exercised on a treadmill under 12 conditions (4 speeds and 3 gradients) on 3 days. Triaxial accelerometers, an HR recorder, and a metabolic measurement system were simultaneously used. Accelerometer outputs from various anatomical locations (upper arm, chest, lower back, waist, thigh, and instep) showed significant positive correlations with EE (0.819, 0.846, 0.816, 0.820, 0.672, and 0.669, respectively; p < .05). The linear regression equation for changes in HR showed the highest coefficient of determination (r2) of .837 with 87.9% reliability. When the HR signal was included, the r2 value (> .842) and reliability (87.9%) between the accelerometer outputs and EE improved. Accelerometer outputs from the waist position alone provide highly accurate EE values. Using both accelerometer outputs and HR for EE estimation during uphill exercise is feasible and improves the accuracy of EE prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry B J Kuo
- a Institute of Brain Science , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Sleep Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Department of Education and Research , Taipei City Hospital , Taiwan.,d Brain Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,e Institute of Biophotonics , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,f Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine , National Central University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- a Institute of Brain Science , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Sleep Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,g Department of Health and Leisure Management , Yuanpei University of Medical Technology , Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- b Sleep Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,e Institute of Biophotonics , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- a Institute of Brain Science , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Sleep Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Mei-Wun Tsai
- h Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shun-Ping Lin
- i Physical Education Office , China University of Science and Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- a Institute of Brain Science , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Sleep Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Department of Education and Research , Taipei City Hospital , Taiwan.,d Brain Research Center , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
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7
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Hong CH, Kuo TBJ, Huang BC, Lin YC, Kuo KL, Chern CM, Yang CCH. Cold Exposure Can Induce an Exaggerated Early-Morning Blood Pressure Surge in Young Prehypertensives. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150136. [PMID: 26919177 PMCID: PMC4769082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prehypertension is related to a higher risk of cardiovascular events than normotension. Our previous study reported that cold exposure elevates the amplitude of the morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and is associated with a sympathetic increase during the final sleep transition, which might be critical for sleep-related cardiovascular events in normotensives. However, few studies have explored the effects of cold exposure on autonomic function during sleep transitions and changes of autonomic function among prehypertensives. Therefore, we conducted an experiment for testing the effects of cold exposure on changes of autonomic function during sleep and the MBPS among young prehypertensives are more exaggerate than among young normotensives. The study groups consisted of 12 normotensive and 12 prehypertensive male adults with mean ages of 23.67 ± 0.70 and 25.25 ± 0.76 years, respectively. The subjects underwent cold (16°C) and warm (23°C) conditions randomly. The room temperature was maintained at either 23°C or 16°C by central air conditioning and recorded by a heat-sensitive sensor placed on the forehead and extended into the air. BP was measured every 30 minutes by using an autonomic BP monitor. Electroencephalograms, electrooculograms, electromyograms, electrocardiograms, and near body temperature were recorded by miniature polysomnography. Under cold exposure, a significantly higher amplitude of MBPS than under the warm condition among normotensives; however, this change was more exaggerated in prehypertensives. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in parasympathetic-related RR and HF during the final sleep transition and a higher early-morning surge in BP and in LF% among prehypertensives, but no such change was found in normotensives. Our study supports that cold exposure might increase the risk of sleep-related cardiovascular events in prehypertensives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian-Hui Hong
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B. J. Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Chi Huang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Liang Kuo
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chern
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C. H. Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Kuo TBJ, Li JY, Kuo HK, Chern CM, Yang CCH. Differential changes and interactions of autonomic functioning and sleep architecture before and after 50 years of age. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:5. [PMID: 26728397 PMCID: PMC5005895 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesize that the time when age-related changes in autonomic functioning and in sleep structure occur are different and that autonomic functioning modulates sleep architecture differently before and after 50 years of age. Sixty-eight healthy subjects (aged 20 to 79 years old, 49 of them women) were enrolled. Correlation analysis revealed that wake after sleep onset, the absolute and relative value of stage 1 (S1; S1%), and relative value of stage 2 (S2) were positively correlated with age; however, sleep efficiency, stage 3 (S3), S3%, and rapid-eye-movement latency (REML) were negatively correlated with age. Significant degenerations of sleep during normal aging were occurred after 50 years of age; however, significant declines of autonomic activity were showed before 50 years of age. Before 50 years of age, vagal function during sleep was negatively correlated with arousal index; however, after 50 years of age, it was positively correlated with S1 and S1%. In addition, sympathetic activity during wake stage was positively related to S2% only after 50 years of age. Our results imply that the age-related changes in autonomic functioning decline promptly as individuals leave the younger part of their adult life span and that age-related changes in sleep slowly develop as individuals enter the older part of their adult life span. Furthermore, while various aspects of sleep architecture are modulated by both the sympathetic and vagal nervous systems during adult life span, the sleep quality is mainly correlated with the sympathetic division after 50 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Translational Medicine, Stroke & Neurovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Ko Kuo
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chern
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Division of Translational Medicine, Stroke & Neurovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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9
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Liu C, Yavar Z, Sun Q. Cardiovascular response to thermoregulatory challenges. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1793-812. [PMID: 26432837 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00199.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of extreme climate events are occurring in the setting of ongoing climate change, with an increase in both the intensity and frequency. It has been shown that ambient temperature challenges have a direct and highly varied impact on cardiovascular health. With a rapidly growing amount of literature on this issue, we aim to review the recent publications regarding the impact of cold and heat on human populations with regard to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality/morbidity while also examining lag effects, vulnerable subgroups, and relevant mechanisms. Although the relative risk of morbidity/mortality associated with extreme temperature varied greatly across different studies, both cold and hot temperatures were associated with a positive mean excess of cardiovascular deaths or hospital admissions. Cause-specific study of CVD morbidity/mortality indicated that the sensitivity to temperature was disease-specific, with different patterns for acute and chronic ischemic heart disease. Vulnerability to temperature-related mortality was associated with some characteristics of the populations, including sex, age, location, socioeconomic condition, and comorbidities such as cardiac diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Temperature-induced damage is thought to be related to enhanced sympathetic reactivity followed by activation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin system, as well as dehydration and a systemic inflammatory response. Future research should focus on multidisciplinary adaptation strategies that incorporate epidemiology, climatology, indoor/building environments, energy usage, labor legislative perfection, and human thermal comfort models. Studies on the underlying mechanism by which temperature challenge induces pathophysiological response and CVD await profound and lasting investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Liu
- Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Zubin Yavar
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Asayama K, Wei FF, Hara A, Hansen TW, Li Y, Staessen JA. Prognosis in Relation to Blood Pressure Variability. Hypertension 2015; 65:1170-9; discussion 1179. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.04808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Asayama
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
| | - Fang-Fei Wei
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
| | - Azusa Hara
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
| | - Tine W. Hansen
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
| | - Yan Li
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
| | - Jan A. Staessen
- From the Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., A.H., J.A.S.); Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan (K.A.); Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (K.A.); the Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte and
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11
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Cho JS, Ihm SH, Kim CJ, Park MW, Her SH, Park GM, Kim TS. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Watch-PAT 200 Is Independently Associated With an Increase in Morning Blood Pressure Surge in Never-Treated Hypertensive Patients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2015; 17:675-81. [PMID: 26033308 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and morning blood pressure surge in never-treated patients with essential hypertension. This prospective study included a total of 58 patients (mean age, 51.7 years; 55.2% men) with never-treated essential hypertension. The patients were divided into non-OSA (n=23, 49.3±12.7 years) and OSA (n=35, 53.2±9.8 years) groups. The OSA group was defined as having an apnea-hypopnea index level >5 as measured by the Watch-PAT 200. The authors collected 24-hour ambulatory BP, plasma aldosterone concentration, and plasma renin activity data from all of the patients. The measured sleep-trough morning systolic blood pressure (SBP) increases were higher in the OSA group than in the non-OSA group (28.7±11.8 mm Hg vs 19.6±12.8 mm Hg, P=.008). The sleep-trough morning SBP increase was inversely correlated with the lowest oxygen saturation (r=-0.272, P=.039). OSA known to be associated with increased daytime and nocturnal sympathetic activity was associated with significantly higher sleep-trough morning SBP levels in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Ihm
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Joon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mahn-Won Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Her
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyung-Min Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Seok Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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