Adolescent and parent sleep quality mediates the impact of family processes on family members' psychological distress

The effects of big five personality traits on sub-health in a Chinese young adults: A moderated mediation model

BACKGROUND

Sub-health can have an impact on the physical condition of the young adults, and this study aimed to investigate the influencing factors of sub-health related to the Big Five personality in Chinese young adults.

METHODS

A multi-stage random sampling method was used to survey the Chinese young adults. A moderated mediation analysis was conducted to investigate how sleep quality and family health influenced the relationship between diverse personalities and sub-health in young adults.

RESULTS

A total of 6165 young adults were included in this study. The results of the mediation analysis indicated that sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between neurotic, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness of young adults and sub-health. Family health played a moderating role between the sleep quality and agreeableness of young adults.

LIMITATIONS

The cross-sectional study limits conclusions about causal relationships between factors.

CONCLUSION

Family health and sleep quality can influence sub-health in Chinese young adults with different personality traits.

Monitoring Daily Sleep, Mood, and Affect Using Digital Technologies and Wearables: A Systematic Review

Background: Sleep and affective states are closely intertwined. Nevertheless, previous methods to evaluate sleep-affect associations have been limited by poor ecological validity, with a few studies examining temporal or dynamic interactions in naturalistic settings. Objectives: First, to update and integrate evidence from studies investigating the reciprocal relationship between daily sleep and affective phenomena (mood, affect, and emotions) through ambulatory and prospective monitoring. Second, to evaluate differential patterns based on age, affective disorder diagnosis (bipolar, depression, and anxiety), and shift work patterns on day-to-day sleep-emotion dyads. Third, to summarise the use of wearables, actigraphy, and digital tools in assessing longitudinal sleep-affect associations. Method: A comprehensive PRISMA-compliant systematic review was conducted through the EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE(R), PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. Results: Of the 3024 records screened, 121 studies were included. Bidirectionality of sleep-affect associations was found (in general) across affective disorders (bipolar, depression, and anxiety), shift workers, and healthy participants representing a range of age groups. However, findings were influenced by the sleep indices and affective dimensions operationalised, sampling resolution, time of day effects, and diagnostic status. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances, especially poorer sleep quality and truncated sleep duration, were consistently found to influence positive and negative affective experiences. Sleep was more often a stronger predictor of subsequent daytime affect than vice versa. The strength and magnitude of sleep-affect associations were more robust for subjective (self-reported) sleep parameters compared to objective (actigraphic) sleep parameters.

Prevalence and related factors of sleep quality among Chinese undergraduates in Jiangsu Province: multiple models' analysis

Background and aims

In China, a significant number of undergraduates are experiencing poor sleep quality. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and identify associated factors among undergraduates in Jiangsu Province, China.

Methods

A total of 8,457 participants were collected in 2022 using whole-group convenience sampling. The factors studied included basic demographics, family and social support, personal lifestyles, physical and mental health, mobile phone addiction index (MPAI), and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. Four models, including weighted multiple linear regression, binary logistic regression, weighted linear mixed model, and logistic regression with random effects, were applied to identify associated factors for sleep quality.

Results

Of the 8,457 participants analyzed, 26.64% (2,253) were classified into the poor sleep quality group with a PSQI score >7. No significant relationship was found between sleep quality and gender, native place, economic level of family, physical exercise, dormitory light, dormitory hygiene, and amativeness matter. Risk factors for sleep quality identified by the four models included lower CD-RISC, higher MPAI, fourth grade or above, smoking, drinking, greater academic pressure, greater employment pressure, roommate sleeping late, noisy dormitory, poorer physical health status, poorer mental health status, and psychological counseling.

Conclusions

These findings provide valuable insights for university administrators, enabling them to better understand the risk factors associated with poor sleep quality in undergraduates. By identifying these factors, administrators can provide targeted intervention measures and counseling programs to improve students' sleep quality.

The effect of family health on suboptimal health status: The parallel mediation role of sleep quality and health behaviour

Background

The prevalence of suboptimal health status has been increasing worldwide, posing a significant challenge to public health. Meanwhile, family health has been recognised as an important factor influencing individual health outcomes. However, the mechanisms through which family health affects suboptimal health status remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the parallel mediation role of sleep quality and health behaviour in the relationship between family health and suboptimal health status.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with a sample of adults >18 years old from four provinces in China. The survey questionnaires queried their demographic characteristics, family health, suboptimal health status, sleep quality, and health behaviour. We assessed family health by the Family Health Scale-Short Form and suboptimal health status using the Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire. We employed structural equation modelling to analyse the data and test the proposed mediation model.

Results

we collected 4918 valid questionnaires. The mean age of the participants was 30.1 years (standard deviation = 12.5). The correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative association between family health and suboptimal health status (r = -0.44; P < 0.001). The results of the parallel mediation analysis showed that family health had a significant indirect effect on suboptimal health status through both sleep quality (β = -0.350; P < 0.001) and health behaviour (β = -0.137; P < 0.001). The total indirect effect of family health on suboptimal health status through both sleep quality and health behaviour was also significant (β = -0.569, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study highlights the significance of family health as a predictor of suboptimal health status and suggests that sleep quality and health behaviour are parallel mediators in this relationship. By understanding the role of family health, sleep quality, and health behaviour, interventions can be targeted to improve overall health outcomes.

The Influence of Pubertal Development on Early Adolescent Sleep and Changes in Family Functioning

Pubertal development has been separately linked to adolescents' sleep problems and larger family functioning, but research connecting these inter-related processes remains sparse. This study aimed to examine how pubertal status and tempo were related to early adolescents' sleep and their family functioning. Using longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, the study's sample (N = 4682) was 49.2% female, was an average of 9.94 years old at baseline, and was 60.1% white. Analyses in the current study modeled the indirect associations between pubertal change and changes in family conflict via adolescent sleep duration and variability of duration. The results suggested that pubertal status and tempo predicted shorter adolescent sleep durations and greater variability in those durations, which predicted residual increases in family conflict. The findings highlight the role of adolescents' pubertal changes in their sleep and how such changes can negatively affect family functioning.

Caregiver Perceived Stress and Child Sleep Health: An Item-Level Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis

Up to 50% of children and adolescents in the United States (U.S.) experience sleep problems. While existing research suggests that perceived stress in caregivers is associated with poorer sleep outcomes in children, research on this relationship is often limited to infant and early childhood populations; therefore, we investigated this association in school-age children and adolescents. We used cross-sectional caregiver-reported surveys and applied item response theory (IRT) followed by meta-analysis to assess the relationship between caregiver perceived stress and child sleep disturbance, and moderation of this relationship by child age and the presence of a child mental or physical health condition. We analyzed data from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, a collaboration of existing pediatric longitudinal cohort studies that collectively contribute a diverse and large sample size ideal for addressing questions related to children's health and consolidating results across population studies. Participants included caregivers of children ages 8 to 16 years from four ECHO cohorts. Caregiver perceived stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and child sleep disturbance was assessed using five sleep-related items from the School-Age version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Increases in caregiver perceived stress and child mental or physical health condition were independently associated with greater sleep disturbance among children. The findings reinforce the importance of accounting for, and potentially intervening on, the broader family context and children's mental and physical health in the interest of improving sleep health.