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Dehghan Banadaki M, Torabi S, Rockward A, Strike WD, Noble A, Keck JW, Berry SM. Simple SARS-CoV-2 concentration methods for wastewater surveillance in low resource settings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168782. [PMID: 38000737 PMCID: PMC10842712 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) measures pathogens in wastewater to monitor infectious disease prevalence in communities. Due to the high dilution of pathogens in sewage, a concentration method is often required to achieve reliable biomarker signals. However, most of the current concentration methods rely on expensive equipment and labor-intensive processes, which limits the application of WBE in low-resource settings. Here, we compared the performance of four inexpensive and simple concentration methods to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples: Solid Fraction, Porcine Gastric Mucin-conjugated Magnetic Beads, Calcium Flocculation-Citrate Dissolution (CFCD), and Nanotrap® Magnetic Beads (NMBs). The NMBs and CFCD methods yielded the highest concentration performance for SARS-CoV-2 (∼16-fold concentration and ∼ 41 % recovery) and require <45 min processing time. CFCD has a relatively low consumable cost (<$2 per four sample replicates). All methods can be performed with basic laboratory equipment and minimal electricity usage which enables further application of WBE in remote areas and low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soroosh Torabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States
| | - Alexus Rockward
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States
| | - William D Strike
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States
| | - Ann Noble
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States
| | - James W Keck
- WWAMI School of Medicine, University of Alaska Anchorage, United States
| | - Scott M Berry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, United States.
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Li J, Zhang K, Lin G, Li J. CRISPR-Cas system: A promising tool for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29356. [PMID: 38180237 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, remains a global health crisis. The emergence of multiple variants with enhanced characteristics necessitates their detection and monitoring. Genome sequencing, the gold standard, faces implementation challenges due to complexity, cost, and limited throughput. The CRISPR-Cas system offers promising potential for rapid variant detection, with advantages such as speed, sensitivity, specificity, and programmability. This review provides an in-depth examination of the applications of CRISPR-Cas in mutation detection specifically for SARS-CoV-2. It begins by introducing SARS-CoV-2 and existing variant detection platforms. The principles of the CRISPR-Cas system are then clarified, followed by an exploration of three CRISPR-Cas-based mutation detection platforms, which are evaluated from different perspectives. The review discusses strategies for mutation site selection and the utilization of CRISPR-Cas, offering valuable insights for the development of mutation detection methods. Furthermore, a critical analysis of the clinical applications, advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and prospects of the CRISPR-Cas system is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guigao Lin
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Malaga JL, Pajuelo MJ, Okamoto M, Tsinda EK, Otani K, Tsukayama P, Mascaro L, Cuicapuza D, Katsumi M, Kawamura K, Nishimura H, Sakagami A, Ueki Y, Omiya S, Okamoto S, Nakayama A, Fujimaki SI, Yu C, Azam S, Kodama E, Dapat C, Oshitani H, Saito M. Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Using Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RT-RPA) with Lateral Flow for N-Protein Gene and Variant-Specific Deletion-Insertion Mutation in S-Protein Gene. Viruses 2023; 15:1254. [PMID: 37376555 DOI: 10.3390/v15061254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid molecular testing for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may contribute to the development of public health measures, particularly in resource-limited areas. Reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification using a lateral flow assay (RT-RPA-LF) allows rapid RNA detection without thermal cyclers. In this study, we developed two assays to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene and Omicron BA.1 spike (S) gene-specific deletion-insertion mutations (del211/ins214). Both tests had a detection limit of 10 copies/µL in vitro and the detection time was approximately 35 min from incubation to detection. The sensitivities of SARS-CoV-2 (N) RT-RPA-LF by viral load categories were 100% for clinical samples with high (>9015.7 copies/µL, cycle quantification (Cq): < 25) and moderate (385.5-9015.7 copies/µL, Cq: 25-29.9) viral load, 83.3% for low (16.5-385.5 copies/µL, Cq: 30-34.9), and 14.3% for very low (<16.5 copies/µL, Cq: 35-40). The sensitivities of the Omicron BA.1 (S) RT-RPA-LF were 94.9%, 78%, 23.8%, and 0%, respectively, and the specificity against non-BA.1 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples was 96%. The assays seemed more sensitive than rapid antigen detection in moderate viral load samples. Although implementation in resource-limited settings requires additional improvements, deletion-insertion mutations were successfully detected by the RT-RPA-LF technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Malaga
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Monica J Pajuelo
- Laboratorio Microbiología Molecular, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Michiko Okamoto
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Emmanuel Kagning Tsinda
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Center for Biomedical Innovation, Sinskey Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kanako Otani
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Pablo Tsukayama
- Laboratorio de Genómica Microbiana, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Lucero Mascaro
- Laboratorio Microbiología Molecular, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Diego Cuicapuza
- Laboratorio de Genómica Microbiana, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Masamichi Katsumi
- Sendai City Institute of Health, Sendai 984-0002, Japan
- Sendai Shirayuri Women's College, Sendai 981-3107, Japan
| | | | - Hidekazu Nishimura
- Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai 983-8520, Japan
| | - Akie Sakagami
- Department of Microbiology, Miyagi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, Sendai 983-0836, Japan
| | - Yo Ueki
- Department of Microbiology, Miyagi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, Sendai 983-0836, Japan
| | - Suguru Omiya
- Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai 983-8520, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tohoku Kosai Hospital, Sendai 980-0803, Japan
| | - Asami Nakayama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fujimaki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chuyao Yu
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sikandar Azam
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kodama
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Clyde Dapat
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Hitoshi Oshitani
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mayuko Saito
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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