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Buzatto IPC, Recife SA, Miguel L, Bonini RM, Onari N, Faim ALPA, Silvestre L, Carlotti DP, Fröhlich A, Tiezzi DG. Machine learning can reliably predict malignancy of breast lesions based on clinical and ultrasonographic features. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07429-0. [PMID: 39002069 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a reliable machine learning model to predict malignancy in breast lesions identified by ultrasound (US) and optimize the negative predictive value to minimize unnecessary biopsies. METHODS We included clinical and ultrasonographic attributes from 1526 breast lesions classified as BI-RADS 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5, and 6 that underwent US-guided breast biopsy in four institutions. We selected the most informative attributes to train nine machine learning models, ensemble models and models with tuned threshold to make inferences about the diagnosis of BI-RADS 4a and 4b lesions (validation dataset). We tested the performance of the final model with 403 new suspicious lesions. RESULTS The most informative attributes were shape, margin, orientation and size of the lesions, the resistance index of the internal vessel, the age of the patient and the presence of a palpable lump. The highest mean negative predictive value (NPV) was achieved with the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm (97.9%). Making ensembles did not improve the performance. Tuning the threshold did improve the performance of the models and we chose the algorithm XGBoost with the tuned threshold as the final one. The tested performance of the final model was: NPV 98.1%, false negative 1.9%, positive predictive value 77.1%, false positive 22.9%. Applying this final model, we would have missed 2 of the 231 malignant lesions of the test dataset (0.8%). CONCLUSION Machine learning can help physicians predict malignancy in suspicious breast lesions identified by the US. Our final model would be able to avoid 60.4% of the biopsies in benign lesions missing less than 1% of the cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P C Buzatto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - S A Recife
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Women's Health Reference Center of Ribeirão Preto (MATER), Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - L Miguel
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Women's Health Reference Center of Ribeirão Preto (MATER), Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - R M Bonini
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Amor de Campo Grande, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - N Onari
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Amor de Barretos, Barretos, Brazil
| | - A L P A Faim
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Amor de Barretos, Barretos, Brazil
| | - L Silvestre
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - D P Carlotti
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Fröhlich
- Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - D G Tiezzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Breast Disease Division and Laboratory for Translational Data Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Advanced Research Center in Medicine, Union of the Colleges of the Great Lakes (UNILAGO), São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kosem YOT, Uzun H, Velidedeoglu M, Kocael P, Dumur S, Simsek O. Clinical significance of serum synaptophysin-like 1 protein levels in breast cancer. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:273-280. [PMID: 38699696 PMCID: PMC11062335 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-46198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mammography, used for breast cancer (BC) screening, has limitations such as decreased sensitivity in dense breasts. Currently used tumor markers are insufficient in diagnosing breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of synaptophysin-like protein 1 (SYPL1) and BC and compare SYPL1 with other blood tumor markers. Methods The study group consisted of 80 female patients with a histopathological diagnosis of invasive BC who received no radiotherapy/chemotherapy. The control group was 72 women with no previous history of breast disease and evaluated as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BI-RADS 1-2) on imaging. Serum SYPL1, cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Ozge Turac Kosem
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas, Cerrahpa a Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Istanbul Atlas University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Velidedeoglu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas, Cerrahpa a Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kocael
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas, Cerrahpa a Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyma Dumur
- Istanbul Atlas University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Simsek
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas, Cerrahpa a Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Khalili MR, Talebnezhad M, Jalalpour MH, Jahanbani-Ardakani H. Superior divisional third nerve palsy due to breast cancer metastasis to the orbital apex. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:1129-1131. [PMID: 35313789 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2056458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of breast cancer with metastasis to the orbital apex with manifestation of superior divisional third nerve palsy. CASE DESCRIPTION A 40-year-old female, a known case of breast cancer diagnosed 3 years ago, referred to our neuro-ophthalmology clinic with chief complaint of ptosis and diplopia. In ophthalmic examination, visual acuities of both eyes were 20/20 and there was no significant finding in the anterior and posterior segment ophthalmic examination. There was left eye ptosis with MRD1 of 2 mm. In ocular movement examination, there was limitation of motion in supraduction (-2 to -3) of the left eye. Orbital MRI with contrast was requested for the patient which demonstrated a lesion in the orbital apex of the left eye. At the end, the patient was diagnosed as having superior divisional third nerve palsy. Orbital radiotherapy was recommended for the patient. CONCLUSION In a patient with breast cancer who presents with diplopia, metastasis to the orbital apex with manifestation of divisional third nerve palsy should be kept in mind, and appropriate orbital imaging should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khalili
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamidreza Jahanbani-Ardakani
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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4
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Moussaron A, Alexandre J, Chenard MP, Mathelin C, Reix N. Correlation between daily life aluminium exposure and breast cancer risk: A systematic review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127247. [PMID: 37354712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data indicate that the role of environmental factors on breast cancer (BC) incidence remains undetermined. Our daily life exposure to aluminium (Al) is suspected to influence BC development. This review proposes a state of the art on the association between Al and BC risk combined with a critical point of view on the subject. METHODS We searched the PubMed database using terms related to Al and BC up to November 18, 2022. Reports were eligible if they were cohort or case-control studies or meta-analyses. FINDINGS Six studies focused on the relationship between deodorant and antiperspirant use and BC incidence and didn't produce consistent results. Among 13 studies relating Al content in mammary tissues and BC risk, results are not unanimous to validate higher Al content in tumor tissues compared to healthy ones. We detail parameters that could explain this conclusion: the absence of statistical adjustments on BC risk factors in studies, the confusion between deodorant and antiperspirant terms, the non-assessment of global Al exposure, and the focus on Al in mammary tissues whereas a profile of several metals seems more appropriate. The clinical studies are retrospective. They were carried out on small cohorts and without a long follow-up. On the other hand, studies on cell lines have shown the carcinogenic potential of aluminum. Moreover, studies considered BC as a unique group whereas BC is a heterogeneous disease with multiple tumor subtypes determining the tumor aggressiveness. CONCLUSION In light of the precautionary principle and based on the data obtained, it is better to avoid antiperspirants that contain Al. Deodorants without aluminum are not implicated in breast cancer, either clinically or fundamentally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Alexandre
- Department of Obstetrics, Centre Médico-chirurgical Et Obstétrical (CMCO), University Hospital of Strasbourg, Schiltigheim, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Chenard
- Service de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Carole Mathelin
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Surgery Unit, Institute of Cancerology Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Reix
- ICube UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Federation of Translational Medicine of Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Pavlović M, Kahrović E, Aranđelović S, Radulović S, Ilich PP, Grgurić-Šipka S, Ljubijankić N, Žilić D, Jurec J. Tumor selective Ru(III) Schiff bases complexes with strong in vitro activity toward cisplatin-resistant MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:263-284. [PMID: 36781474 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-01989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Novel ruthenium(III) complexes of general formula Na[RuCl2(L1-3-N,O)2] where L(1-3) denote deprotonated Schiff bases (HL1-HL3) derived from 5-substituted salicyladehyde and alkylamine (propyl- or butylamine) were prepared and characterized based on elemental analysis, mass spectra, infrared, electron spin/paramagnetic resonance (ESR/EPR) spectroscopy, and cyclovoltammetric study. Optimization of five isomers of complex C1 was done by DFT calculation. The interaction of C1-C3 complexes with DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and BSA (Bovine serum albumin) was investigated by electron spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching. The cytotoxic activity of C1-C3 was investigated in a panel of four human cancer cell lines (K562, A549, EA.hy926, MDA-MB-231) and one human non-tumor cell line (MRC-5). Complexes displayed an apparent cytoselective profile, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range from 1.6 ± 0.3 to 23.0 ± 0.1 µM. Cisplatin-resistant triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 displayed the highest sensitivity to complexes, with Ru(III) compound containing two chlorides and two deprotonated N-propyl-5-chloro-salicylidenimine (hereinafter C1) as the most potent (IC50 = 1.6 µM), and approximately ten times more active than cisplatin (IC50 = 21.9 µM). MDA-MB-231 cells treated for 24 h with C1 presented with apoptotic morphology, as seen by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, while 48 h of treatment induced DNA fragmentation, and necrotic changes in cells, as seen by flow cytometry analysis. Drug-accumulation study by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) demonstrated markedly higher intracellular accumulation of C1 compared with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Pavlović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emira Kahrović
- Laboratory for Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Sandra Aranđelović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Radulović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag-Peter Ilich
- Department of Natural Sciences, Weissman School of Arts and Sciences, Baruch College/CUNY, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sanja Grgurić-Šipka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevzeta Ljubijankić
- Laboratory for Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dijana Žilić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jurica Jurec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia
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Teodoru CA, Roman MD, Dura H, Cerghedean-Florea ME. Orbital Metastases of Breast Cancer in Males. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040780. [PMID: 36832268 PMCID: PMC9955918 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of orbital metastasis of infiltrative breast carcinoma in a 65-year-old man. The patient was diagnosed with stage four breast cancer one year before, for which a mastectomy was performed. He refused postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy at that time. He had a history of lung, liver, and mediastinal metastases. At admission, he presented with blurred vision, diplopia, ocular pain, and mild swelling of the upper lid of the left eye (LE). Computed tomography (CT) of the brain and orbit revealed a front-ethmoidal tissue mass with left orbital and frontal intracranial extension. Ophthalmologic examination revealed exophthalmos on the LE with a downward and outward deviation of the eyeball, proptosis, and intraocular pressure (IOP) of 40 mmHg. The patient's treatment started with topical maximal anti-glaucomatous drops and radiotherapy sessions. After three weeks of follow-up, there was a gradual improvement of local symptoms and signs and a normal IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Adrian Teodoru
- Clinical Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Lucian Blaga” Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Mihai Dan Roman
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine, University “Lucian Blaga” Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744-990-161
| | - Horațiu Dura
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Lucian Blaga“ Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
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Nezami N, Behi A, Manyapu S, Meisel JL, Resnick N, Corn D, Prologo JD. Percutaneous CT-Guided Cryoneurolysis of the Intercostobrachial Nerve for Management of Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022; 34:807-813. [PMID: 36581196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) cryoneurolysis for pain control in patients with postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with PMPS were prospectively enrolled into this clinical trial after a positive response to a diagnostic computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous block of the ICBN. Participants subsequently underwent CT-guided percutaneous cryoneurolysis of the same nerve and were observed on postprocedural Days 10, 90, and 180. Pain scores, quality-of-life measurements, and global impression of change values were recorded before the procedure and at each follow-up point using established validated outcome instruments. RESULTS Cryoneurolysis of the ICBN was technically successful in all 14 patients. The mean pain decreased significantly by 2.1 points at 10 days (P = .0451), by 2.4 points at 90 days (P = .0084), and by 2.9 points at 180 days (P = .0028) after cryoneurolysis. Pain interference with daily activities decreased significantly by 14.4 points after 10 days (P = .0161), by 16.2 points after 90 days (P = .0071), and by 20.7 points after 180 days (P = .0007). There were no procedure-related complications or adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Cryoneurolysis of the ICBN in patients with PMPS was technically feasible and safe and resulted in a significant decrease in postmastectomy pain for up to 6 months in this small cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariman Nezami
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alex Behi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Sivasai Manyapu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jane L Meisel
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Neil Resnick
- Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David Corn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J David Prologo
- Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Karimian Z, Zare R, Zarifsanaiey N, Salehi N. The effect of video-based multimedia training on knowledge, attitude, and performance in breast self-examination. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:298. [PMID: 35850913 PMCID: PMC9289655 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Breast neoplasm is one of the most common cancers in Iranian women due to the late diagnosis. Awareness of breast neoplasm and using Breast Self-Examination (BSE) assist in the early detection and treatment of cancer. This study examined the effectiveness of video-based multimedia training versus face-to-face training in awareness of breast neoplasm and BSE and possible factors affecting their effectiveness.
Methods This research was a pre-test, a post-test experimental study comparing the knowledge, attitude, and performance of women about BSE across two training intervention groups (face-to-face versus video-based multimedia). The study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), and 100 women between 20 to 60 years old were allocated to each intervention group via multi-stage cluster sampling (n:110). Three valid and reliable researcher-made questioners were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 with independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA. Results Both video-based multimedia and face-to-face training methods significantly increased the participant's knowledge, attitude, and skills about breast self-examination (P < 0.001). In the sub-categories, the results showed that the face-to-face training improved negligence and forgetfulness in applying BSE (P = 0.03) and correcting or modifying the previous knowledge around the issue (P = 0.02). The effect of the video-based method on participants with university education was more than on non-university (P = 0.04). Conclusion Incorporating video-based multimedia training in awareness of breast neoplasm and breast self-examination provides an easy, flexible, and affordable way for detection, particularly considering crisis restrictions. This can be of particular attention in more populated, developing/low-income countries and rural and remote areas to enhance equitable access to training and facilitation diagnosis and treatment if applicable.
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Gossypol and Its Natural Derivatives: Multitargeted Phytochemicals as Potential Drug Candidates for Oncologic Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122624. [PMID: 36559116 PMCID: PMC9787675 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the vast amounts of research and remarkable discoveries that have been made in recent decades, cancer remains a leading cause of death and a major public health concern worldwide. Gossypol, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the seeds, roots, and stems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), was first used as a male contraceptive agent. Due to its diverse biological properties, including antifertility, antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, and most notably antitumor activities, gossypol has been the subject of numerous studies. Nevertheless, no systematic review has been performed that analyzes the antineoplastic potential of gossypol and related natural compounds in an organ-specific manner while delineating the molecular mechanisms of action. Hence, we have performed an extensive literature search for anticancer properties of gossypol and their natural derivatives against various types of cancer cells utilizing PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The sources, distribution, chemical structure, and toxicity of gossypol and its constituents are briefly reviewed. Based on emerging evidence, gossypol and related compounds exhibit significant antineoplastic effects against various cancer types through the modulation of different cancer hallmarks and signaling pathways. Additionally, the synergistic activity of gossypol and its derivatives with chemotherapeutic agents has been observed. Our evaluation of the current literature suggests the potential of gossypol and its derivatives as multitargeting drug candidates to combat multiple human malignancies.
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Jamelot M. [Epidemiology, diagnosis and extension]. SOINS. GERONTOLOGIE 2022; 27:10-12. [PMID: 36280365 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The elderly, whose numbers have been increasing, constitute a population in their own right, because of the many co-morbidities they suffer from. The epidemiology of breast cancer, particularly in elderly women, is described here, as well as the diagnosis and the assessment of extension, which do not differ from the rest of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Jamelot
- Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital Tenon, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 21 rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Institut universitaire de cancérologie, Paris, France.
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11
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Parakh S, Das S, Maheshwari S, Gupta V, Luthra G, Luthra S. Regression of choroidal metastasis from breast carcinoma with palbociclib. Int J Retina Vitreous 2022; 8:54. [PMID: 35962417 PMCID: PMC9373398 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-022-00398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uveal metastasis is reported to be the most common intraocular malignancy. The most common site of origin of ocular metastases in females is the breast. In some cases, uveal metastatic lesions respond to systemic chemotherapy. We report a case of a patient who developed choroidal metastasis, while on endocrine therapy with selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), tamoxifen, for estrogen receptor (ER) positive, progesterone receptor (PR) positive and (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) HER2 negative primary breast carcinoma, which then regressed following systemic chemotherapy with palbociclib. Case description An 83-year-old female, with a history of modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy for infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast, presented with a choroidal metastatic lesion in the left eye along with liver and lung metastases, 3 years after the primary carcinoma was treated. At the time of presentation, she was on tamoxifen. The choroidal tumor showed regression after the introduction of palbociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor. Conclusion This report highlights the use of palbociclib, in the palliative treatment of choroidal metastasis from primary breast cancer. The use of chemotherapy for choroidal metastasis can help avoid external beam radiation therapy and its concurrent side effects. Although there are a few reports involving the use of palbociclib for metastatic breast carcinoma, all of those have been in conjunction with and/or following non-response to other treatment modalities. Ours is the first report wherein palbociclib has been used as the first-line palliative chemotherapy and helped in regression of choroidal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Parakh
- Drishti Eye Institute, 16, Subhash Road, Astley Hall, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shrutanjoy Das
- Drishti Eye Institute, 16, Subhash Road, Astley Hall, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shrey Maheshwari
- Drishti Eye Institute, 16, Subhash Road, Astley Hall, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Gaurav Luthra
- Drishti Eye Institute, 16, Subhash Road, Astley Hall, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saurabh Luthra
- Drishti Eye Institute, 16, Subhash Road, Astley Hall, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India.
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Hasan N, Imran M, Sheikh A, Saad S, Chaudhary G, Jain GK, Kesharwani P, Ahmad FJ. Cannabis as a potential compound against various malignancies, legal aspects, advancement by exploiting nanotechnology and clinical trials. J Drug Target 2022; 30:709-725. [PMID: 35321629 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2056188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Various preclinical and clinical studies exhibited the potential of cannabis against various diseases, including cancer and related pain. Subsequently, many efforts have been made to establish and develop cannabis-related products and make them available as prescription products. Moreover, FDA has already approved some cannabis-related products, and more advancement in this aspect is still going on. However, the approved product of cannabis is in oral dosage form, which exerts various limitations to achieve maximum therapeutic effects. A considerable translation is on a hike to improve bioavailability, and ultimately, the therapeutic efficacy of cannabis by the employment of nanotechnology. Besides the well-known psychotropic effects of cannabis upon the use at high doses, literature has also shown the importance of cannabis and its constituents in minimising the lethality of cancer in the preclinical models. This review discusses the history of cannabis, its legal aspect, safety profile, the mechanism by which cannabis combats with cancer, and the advancement of clinical therapy by exploiting nanotechnology. A brief discussion related to the role of cannabinoid in various cancers has also been incorporated. Lastly, the information regarding completed and ongoing trials have also been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeer Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Suma Saad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farhan J Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Hatami M, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M, Mosavi Jarrahi SA, Mirsafa F, Davoodi SH. Association of calorie and carbohydrate intake with tumour grade in early diagnosis of breast cancer: a case-control study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1111-1114. [PMID: 32374220 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1754430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the association of calorie and carbohydrate intake with tumour grade in early detection of breast cancer (BC) in Iranian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study carried out on 62 women with high grade BC and 93 women with low grade BC. Information about confounding variables was collected through a questionnaire. Dietary intake of calorie and macronutrients was assessed by a valid 122-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Individuals with high grade BC had significantly lower calorie (0.16, 0.04-0.61) and higher carbohydrate intake (4.02; 1.28-12.63) compared with those with low grade BC after controlling for age. This correlation remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Our results showed that lower intakes of calorie and higher carbohydrate are directly related to the high grade of tumour at the early detection of people with BC after modifying a wide range of confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hatami
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Mirsafa
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Azadnajafabad S, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Keykhaei M, Shobeiri P, Rezaei N, Ghasemi E, Mohammadi E, Ahmadi N, Ghamari A, Shahin S, Rezaei N, Aghili M, Kaviani A, Larijani B, Farzadfar F. Expansion of the quality of care index on breast cancer and its risk factors using the global burden of disease study 2019. Cancer Med 2022; 12:1729-1743. [PMID: 35770711 PMCID: PMC9883412 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC), as the top neoplasm in prevalence and mortality in females, imposes a heavy burden on health systems. Evaluation of quality of care and management of patients with BC and its responsible risk factors was the aim of this study. METHODS We retrieved epidemiologic data of BC from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 1990-2019 database. Epidemiology and burden of BC and its risk factors were explored besides the Quality of Care Index (QCI) introduced before, to assess the provided care for patients with BC in various scales. Provided care for BC risk factors was investigated by their impact on years of life lost and years lived with disability by a novel risk factor quality index (rQCI). We used the socio-demographic index (SDI) to compare results in different socio-economic levels. RESULTS In 2019, 1,977,212 (95% UI: 1,807,615-2,145,215) new cases of BC in females and 25,143 (22,231-27,786) in males was diagnosed and this major cancer caused 688,562 (635,323-739,571) deaths in females and 12,098 (10,693-13,322) deaths in males, globally. The all-age number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years attributed to BC risk factors in females had an increasing pattern, with a more prominent pattern in metabolic risks. The global estimated age-standardized QCI for BC in females in 2019 was 78.7. The estimated QCI was highest in high SDI regions (95.7). The top countries with the highest calculated QCI in 2019 were Iceland (100), Japan (99.8), and Finland (98.8), and the bottom countries were Mozambique (16.0), Somalia (8.2), and Central African Republic (5.3). The global estimated age-standardized rQCI for females was 82.2 in 2019. CONCLUSION In spite of the partially restrained burden of BC in recent years, the attributable burden to risk factors has increased remarkably. Countries with higher SDI provided better care regarding both the condition and its responsible risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Breast Disease Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Department of SurgeryTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Keykhaei
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research InstituteNorthwestern University School of MedicineChicagoUSA
| | - Parnian Shobeiri
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Erfan Ghasemi
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Naser Ahmadi
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Azin Ghamari
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sarvenaz Shahin
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nazila Rezaei
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdi Aghili
- Radiation Oncology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ahmad Kaviani
- Breast Disease Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Department of SurgeryTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Department of Surgical OncologyUniversity of MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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15
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Hipp LE, Hulswit BB, Milliron KJ. Clinical Tools and Counseling Considerations for Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Evaluation for Hereditary Cancer Risk. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2022; 82:12-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Shaikh F, Alamgir M, Ahmed S. Hormonal and genetic risk factors for breast cancer in a subset of the Karachi population. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 17:694-700. [PMID: 35983446 PMCID: PMC9356353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Appraisement of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms is thought to be crucial to detect and make approaches targeting groups at risk for breast cancer (BC). Moreover, an understanding of genetic susceptibility can allow us to foresee several risk factors. The objective of our research is to evaluate the T to C base shift within TaqI (rs731236) in exon 9 and the A to G transition within Bsm1 (rs1544410) in intron 8 of the VDR gene as risk factors among BC patients. Methods The study involved 150 BC patients with a definite histological diagnosis. Controls were age-matched. DNA samples of Taq1 and Bsm1 were amplified according to the programmed protocol using a thermal cycler. The amplified PCR products were digested with Taq1 and Bsm1 restriction endonuclease enzymes. RFLP fragments were observed under UV light using 2% agarose gel and 0.5 ug/mL Ethidium bromide. Results The highest number of BC patients (32.7%) were in the 36 to 45 age group. Ethnicity and parity were found to be statistically significant. TaqI polymorphisms showed the highest genotypic frequency for TC (Tt) at 49 (32.7%), and there were 18 patients (12.0%) and controls with high statistical significance (OD 3.6, CI 2–6.4) and a p-value < 0.0001. However, for the Bsm1 genotype, the A (B) allele may be linked with protection from BC in individuals with the AA (BB) genotype. Conclusion A positive association was found between VDR genotypes and BC in a collective assay of Taq1 and BsmI. These results need further authentication in large cohort studies prior to applying these SNPs as promising BC markers in the Pakistani populace.
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17
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Hovis K, Mercaldo S, Kim G, Lamb LR, Oseni TO, Bahl M. Contralateral breast cancer after curative-intent treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ: Rate and associated clinicopathological and imaging risk factors. Clin Imaging 2021; 82:179-192. [PMID: 34872008 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients who have ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are undergoing bilateral mastectomy at increasing rates. One of the reasons is to minimize contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of and risk factors associated with CBC in women treated for DCIS. METHODS A retrospective study was performed of women with DCIS at surgery from 2007 to 2014 who had at least five-year follow-up. Patient attributes, imaging findings, histopathology results, and surgical and long-term outcomes were collected. Features associated with a CBC were assessed with multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS 613 women (mean 56 years, range 30-87) with DCIS underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) (n = 426), unilateral mastectomy (n = 101), or bilateral mastectomy (n = 86), with mean follow-up of 7.9 years. Of the 527 women who had BCS or unilateral mastectomy, 7.4% (n = 39) developed a CBC (DCIS in 12 and invasive cancer in 27). 4.1% (5/122) of women treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy developed a CBC, compared to 8.4% (34/405) who were not treated (p = .11). Features associated with CBC risk were younger age at menarche (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] of 0.76, p = .03) and low nuclear grade of DCIS (aOR of 5.43 for grade 1 versus 3, p = .01). CONCLUSION In women treated for DCIS, the overall rate of CBC was low at 7.4%. Younger age at menarche and low nuclear grade of DCIS had significant associations with higher CBC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keegan Hovis
- Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street (WAC 240), Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sarah Mercaldo
- Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street (WAC 240), Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Geunwon Kim
- Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street (WAC 240), Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leslie R Lamb
- Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street (WAC 240), Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tawakalitu O Oseni
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Manisha Bahl
- Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street (WAC 240), Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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18
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de Sousa-Pereira N, Bocchi M, Motoori-Fernandes CY, Banin-Hirata BK, Piccoli de Melo LG, Brajão de Oliveira K, Freire Vitiello GA, Coral de Oliveira CE, Zago Campos C, Amarante MK, Ehara Watanabe MA. An association between chronic life stressors prior to diagnosis of breast cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1370-1378. [PMID: 34602930 PMCID: PMC8481795 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The clinical course of breast cancer (BC) and survival depend on a wide range of risk factors. From the psychosomatic point of view, BC is one of the most studied type of cancer but there is no evidence available for this relation. Therefore, in the present study we evaluate the impact of chronic life stressors in BC patients. A total of 100 BC patients were invited to participate in an interview, when information about social parameters and emotional changes in the period prior to diagnosis were collected. The emotional changes were evaluated by the Holmes and Rahe's Stress Scale, which analyzes the difficulty required for a person to readjust to society after significant changes in their life. Clinicopathological parameters were obtained from the medical records. For all data, the level of significance adopted was p <0.05. It was observed that 55.2 % of the patients have a medium and 13.8 % were at high risk for disease development related to stressful events in the period prior to the BC diagnosis. The highest stress levels were presented by separated, divorced, or widowed patients compared to married (p <0.01) and single (p = 0.037) patients. The high-risk (HR) group had a lower proportion of positivity for estrogen receptor when compared to the low (LR) and moderate risk (MR) groups (p= 0.001). In addition, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed, and we found that the relationship between the estrogen receptor and the HR of chronic stress was independently associated with the histological type of BC and lymph nodes involvement. The relationship of stressful life experiences and BC is not well established, so our study collaborates with the literature to demonstrate the importance of stress as a factor associated with the development of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália de Sousa-Pereira
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mayara Bocchi
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Yukari Motoori-Fernandes
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Karina Banin-Hirata
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Maringa State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Brajão de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Glauco Akelinghton Freire Vitiello
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Clodoaldo Zago Campos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marla Karine Amarante
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Ehara Watanabe
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
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19
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Yan CH, Coleman C, Nabulsi NA, Chiu BCH, Ko NY, Hoskins K, Calip GS. Associations between frailty and cancer-specific mortality among older women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 189:769-779. [PMID: 34241741 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Frailty is assessed when making treatment decisions among older women with breast cancer (BC), which in turn impacts survival. We evaluated associations between pre-diagnosis frailty and risks of BC-specific and all-cause mortality in older women. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries ages ≥ 65 years with stage I-III BC using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare Health Outcome Survey Data Resource. Frailty was measured using the deficit-accumulation frailty index, categorized as robust, pre-frail, or frail, at baseline and during follow-up. Fine and Gray competing risk and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate subdistribution hazard ratios (SHR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for BC-specific and all-cause mortality, respectively. RESULTS Among 2411 women with a median age of 75 years at BC diagnosis, 49.5% were categorized as robust, 29.4% were pre-frail and 21.1% were frail. Fewer frail women compared to robust women received breast-conserving surgery (52.8% vs. 61.5%, frail vs. robust, respectively) and radiation (43.5% vs. 51.8%). In multivariable analyses, degree of frailty was not associated with BC-specific mortality (frail vs robust SHR 1.47, 95% CI 0.97-2.24). However, frail women with BC had higher risks of all-cause mortality compared to robust women with BC (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.84-2.92). CONCLUSION Among a cohort of older women with BC, higher degrees of frailty were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, but not BC-specific mortality. Future study should examine if preventing progression of frailty may improve all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie H Yan
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St. MC 871, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Chandler Coleman
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St. MC 871, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Nadia A Nabulsi
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St. MC 871, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Brian C-H Chiu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Naomi Y Ko
- Section of Hematology Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kent Hoskins
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory S Calip
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St. MC 871, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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20
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Buzatto IPC, Dos Reis FJC, de Andrade JM, Rodrigues TCGF, Borba JMC, Netto AH, Polydoro MS, Tiezzi DG. Axillary ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology to predict clinically relevant nodal burden in breast cancer patients. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:292. [PMID: 34583723 PMCID: PMC8480059 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Axillary lymph node involvement is one important prognostic factor in breast cancer, but the way to access this information has been modified over the years. This study evaluated if axillary ultrasound (US) coupled with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can accurately predict clinically relevant node metastasis in patients with breast cancer, and thus assist clinical decisions Methods This is a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 241 individuals (239 women and 2 men) with unilateral operable breast cancer who were submitted to preoperative axillary assessment by physical exam, US and FNAC if suspicious nodes by imaging. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the methods. We compared the patient's characteristics using chi-square test, parametrics and non-parametrics statistics according to the variable. Results The most sensible method was US (0.59; 95% CI, 0.50–0.69), and the most specific was US coupled with FNAC (0.97; 95% CI, 0.92–0.99). Only 2.7% of the patients with normal axillary US had more than 2 metastatic nodes in the axillary lymph node dissection, against 50% of the patients with suspicious lymph nodes in the US and positive FNAC. Conclusions Axillary US coupled with FNAC can sort patients who have a few metastatic nodes at most from those with heavy axillary burden and could be one more tool to initially evaluate patients and define treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Panzeri Carlotti Buzatto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco José Cândido Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jurandyr Moreira de Andrade
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara Cristina Gomes Ferraz Rodrigues
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Maria Camargo Borba
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Homse Netto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Sconzo Polydoro
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Guimarães Tiezzi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Disease Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3.900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Miyano M, Sayaman RW, Shalabi SF, Senapati P, Lopez JC, Angarola BL, Hinz S, Zirbes A, Anczukow O, Yee LD, Sedrak MS, Stampfer MR, Seewaldt VL, LaBarge MA. Breast-Specific Molecular Clocks Comprised of ELF5 Expression and Promoter Methylation Identify Individuals Susceptible to Cancer Initiation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:779-794. [PMID: 34140348 PMCID: PMC8338914 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A robust breast cancer prevention strategy requires risk assessment biomarkers for early detection. We show that expression of ELF5, a transcription factor critical for normal mammary development, is downregulated in mammary luminal epithelia with age. DNA methylation of the ELF5 promoter is negatively correlated with expression in an age-dependent manner. Both ELF5 methylation and gene expression were used to build biological clocks to estimate chronological ages of mammary epithelia. ELF5 clock-based estimates of biological age in luminal epithelia from average-risk women were within three years of chronological age. Biological ages of breast epithelia from BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, who were high risk for developing breast cancer, suggested they were accelerated by two decades relative to chronological age. The ELF5 DNA methylation clock had better performance at predicting biological age in luminal epithelial cells as compared with two other epigenetic clocks based on whole tissues. We propose that the changes in ELF5 expression or ELF5-proximal DNA methylation in luminal epithelia are emergent properties of at-risk breast tissue and constitute breast-specific biological clocks. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: ELF5 expression or DNA methylation level at the ELF5 promoter region can be used as breast-specific biological clocks to identify women at higher than average risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Miyano
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Rosalyn W Sayaman
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sundus F Shalabi
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Parijat Senapati
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Jennifer C Lopez
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | | | - Stefan Hinz
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Arrianna Zirbes
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Olga Anczukow
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lisa D Yee
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mina S Sedrak
- Center for Cancer and Aging, City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Martha R Stampfer
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Victoria L Seewaldt
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California.
- Center for Cancer and Aging, City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (CMTM) is the protein product of at least one splice variant of each gene contained a Marvel (MAL and related proteins for vesicle trafficking and membrane link) domain, involved in a variety of cellular processes and the pathogenesis of diseases, including tumorigenesis. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of eight CMTMs have yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE We analyzed the expressions and impacts on survival of different CMTM factors in BC patients to determine their potential diagnosis and prognosis values in BC. METHODS In the current study, we examined the transcriptional and survival data of CMTMs in patients with breast carcinoma (BC) from ONCOMINE, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and cBioPortal databases. RESULTS It was found that CMTM5/7 were down-regulated, whereas CMTM1/6 were up-regulated in BC patients compared with the normal tissues. In survival analyses through the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, increased mRNA expressions of CMTM5/6/7 and decreased mRNA expression of CMTM4 were associated with better relapse-free survival (RFS) of BC patients. CONCLUSIONS These data provided CMTM5/7 as new biomarker and prognostic factors in BC.
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Kim G, Bahl M. Assessing Risk of Breast Cancer: A Review of Risk Prediction Models. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2021; 3:144-155. [PMID: 33778488 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and individualized breast cancer risk assessment can be used to guide personalized screening and prevention recommendations. Existing risk prediction models use genetic and nongenetic risk factors to provide an estimate of a woman's breast cancer risk and/or the likelihood that she has a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Each model is best suited for specific clinical scenarios and may have limited applicability in certain types of patients. For example, the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool, which identifies women who would benefit from chemoprevention, is readily accessible and user-friendly but cannot be used in women under 35 years of age or those with prior breast cancer or lobular carcinoma in situ. Emerging research on deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) models suggests that mammographic images contain risk indicators that could be used to strengthen existing risk prediction models. This article reviews breast cancer risk factors, describes the appropriate use, strengths, and limitations of each risk prediction model, and discusses the emerging role of AI for risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunwon Kim
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manisha Bahl
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA, USA
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Chhabra A, Roy Chowdhury A, Prabhakar H, Subramaniam R, Arora MK, Srivastava A, Kalaivani M. Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 2:CD012968. [PMID: 33629404 PMCID: PMC8521097 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012968.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Surgical removal of the cancer is the mainstay of treatment; however, tumour handling during surgery can cause microscopic dissemination of tumour cells and disease recurrence. The body's hormonal response to surgery (stress response) and general anaesthesia may suppress immunity, promoting tumour dissemination. Paravertebral anaesthesia numbs the site of surgery, provides good analgesia, and blunts the stress response, minimising the need for general anaesthesia. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation compared to general anaesthesia in women undergoing breast cancer surgery, with important outcomes of quality of recovery, postoperative pain at rest, and mortality. SEARCH METHODS On 6 April 2020, we searched the Specialised Register of the Cochrane Breast Cancer Group (CBCG); CENTRAL (latest issue), in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (via OvidSP); Embase (via OvidSP); the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) search portal; and ClinicalTrials.gov for all prospectively registered and ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in adult women undergoing breast cancer surgery in which paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation was compared to general anaesthesia. We did not include studies in which paravertebral anaesthesia was given as an adjunct to general anaesthesia and then this was compared to use of general anaesthesia. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently extracted details of trial methods and outcome data from eligible trials. When data could be pooled, analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis, and the random-effects model was used if there was heterogeneity. When data could not be pooled, the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) approach was applied. The GRADE approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS Nine studies (614 participants) were included in the review. All were RCTs of parallel design, wherein female patients aged > 18 years underwent breast cancer surgery under paravertebral anaesthesia or general anaesthesia. None of the studies assessed quality of recovery in the first three postoperative days using a validated questionnaire; most assessed factors affecting quality of recovery such as postoperative analgesic use, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), hospital stay, ambulation, and patient satisfaction. Paravertebral anaesthesia may reduce the 24-hour postoperative analgesic requirement (odds ratio (OR) 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.34; 5 studies, 305 participants; low-certainty evidence) compared to general anaesthesia. Heterogeneity (I² = 70%) was attributed to the fixed dose of opioids and non-steroidal analgesics administered postoperatively in one study (70 participants), masking a difference in analgesic requirements between groups. Paravertebral anaesthesia probably reduces the incidence of PONV (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.30; 6 studies, 324 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), probably results in a shorter hospital stay (mean difference (MD) -79.39 minutes, 95% CI -107.38 to -51.40; 3 studies, 174 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and probably reduces time to ambulation compared to general anaesthesia (SWiM analysis): percentages indicate vote counting based on direction of effect (100%, 95% CI 51.01% to 100%; P = 0.125; 4 studies, 375 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Paravertebral anaesthesia probably results in higher patient satisfaction (MD 5.52 points, 95% CI 1.30 to 9.75; 3 studies, 129 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) on a 0 to 100 scale 24 hours postoperatively compared to general anaesthesia. Postoperative pain at rest and on movement was assessed at 2, 6, and 24 postoperative hours on a 0 to 10 visual analogue scale (VAS). Four studies (224 participants) found that paravertebral anaesthesia as compared to general anaesthesia probably reduced pain at 2 postoperative hours (MD -2.95, 95% CI -3.37 to -2.54; moderate-certainty evidence). Five studies (324 participants) found that paravertebral anaesthesia may reduce pain at rest at 6 hours postoperatively (MD -1.54, 95% CI -3.20 to 0.11; low-certainty evidence). Five studies (278 participants) found that paravertebral anaesthesia may reduce pain at rest at 24 hours postoperatively (MD -1.19, 95% CI -2.27 to -0.10; low-certainty evidence). Differences in the methods of two studies (119 participants) and addition of clonidine to the local anaesthetic in two studies (109 participants), respectively, contributed to the heterogeneity (I² = 96%) observed for these two outcomes. Two studies (130 participants) found that paravertebral anaesthesia may reduce pain on movement at 6 hours (MD-2.57, 95% CI -3.97 to -1.17) and at 24 hours (MD -2.12, 95% CI -4.80 to 0.55; low-certainty evidence). Heterogeneity (I² = 96%) was observed for both outcomes and could be due to methodological differences between studies. None of the studies reported mortality related to the anaesthetic technique. Eight studies (574 participants) evaluated adverse outcomes with paravertebral anaesthesia: epidural spread (0.7%), minor bleeding (1.4%), pleural puncture not associated with pneumothorax (0.3%), and Horner's syndrome (7.1%). These complications were self-limiting and resolved without treatment. No data are available on disease-free survival, chronic pain, and quality of life. Blinding of personnel or participants was not possible in any study, as a regional anaesthetic technique was compared to general anaesthesia. Risk of bias was judged to be serious, as seven studies had concerns of selection bias and three of detection bias. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Moderate-certainty evidence shows that paravertebral anaesthesia probably reduces PONV, hospital stay, postoperative pain (at 2 hours), and time to ambulation and results in greater patient satisfaction on the first postoperative day compared to general anaesthesia. Paravertebral anaesthesia may also reduce postoperative analgesic use and postoperative pain at 6 and 24 hours at rest and on movement based on low-certainty evidence. However, RCTs using validated questionnaires are needed to confirm these results. Adverse events observed with paravertebral anaesthesia are rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjolie Chhabra
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Apala Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemanshu Prabhakar
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeshwari Subramaniam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Arora
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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25
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El-Sheikh N, Mousa NO, Tawfeik AM, Saleh AM, Elshikh I, Deyab M, Ragheb F, Moneer MM, Kawashti A, Osman A, Elrefaei M. Assessment of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Risk Factors in Egyptian Women With Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 15:1178223421996279. [PMID: 33716506 PMCID: PMC7917427 DOI: 10.1177/1178223421996279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous risk factors for breast cancer (BC) have been identified. High-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) is the etiological agent of cervical cancer and in some cases of head and neck cancer, specifically oropharyngeal cancer, but the role of HR-HPV in evoking neoplasia in BC is still unclear. In this study, all women above the age of 18 visiting the oncology clinic at Al-Azhar university hospital and Ain Shams specialized hospital between the period of February 2017 and March 2018 were invited to participate. We determined the prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18, and 31 in breast tissue samples from 72 women with treatment-naïve BC and 15 women with benign breast lesions (BBL) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and primer sets targeting the E6 and E7 regions. High-risk human papilloma virus DNA was detected in 16 of 72 (22.2%) BC cases (viral load range = 0.3-237.8 copies/uL) and 0 of 15 women with BBL. High-risk human papilloma virus was detected in 14 of 16 (87.5%), 2 of 16 (12.5%), and 0 of 16 (0%) for genotypes 16, 18, and 31, respectively. Forty-three age-matched healthy Egyptian women were enrolled as controls for assessment of local risk factors that can be used to initiate a strategy of BC prevention in Egypt. Assessment of the risk factors demonstrated that low education level, passive smoking, lack of physical activity, family history of cancer, and use of oral contraception were significant risk factors for BC. In conclusion, our results lead us to postulate that HR-HPV infection may be implicated in the development of some types of BC in Egyptian women. In addition, identification of local risk factors can support practical prevention strategies for BC in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila El-Sheikh
- Molecular Immunology Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla O Mousa
- Biotechnology Department, Egypt- Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Basic and Applied Sciences Institute (BAS), Alexandria, Egypt.,Biotechnology Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Tawfeik
- Molecular Immunology Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Saleh
- Molecular Immunology Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Elshikh
- Molecular Immunology Unit for Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Deyab
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faten Ragheb
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar M Moneer
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kawashti
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Biotechnology Department, Egypt- Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Basic and Applied Sciences Institute (BAS), Alexandria, Egypt.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elrefaei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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26
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de Sousa Pereira N, Akelinghton Freire Vitiello G, Karina Banin-Hirata B, Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes G, José Sparça Salles M, Karine Amarante M, Angelica Ehara Watanabe M. Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV)-Like env Sequence in Brazilian Breast Cancer Samples: Implications in Clinicopathological Parameters in Molecular Subtypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249496. [PMID: 33352945 PMCID: PMC7766913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease in which susceptibility and clinical course depend on multiple factors. Evidence suggests that a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-homolog may be present in human BCs; however, little is known about its clinical implications. Methods: MMTV-like env nucleotide-sequence was searched in tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues from 217 Brazilian BC patients through nested-PCR and confirmed through PCR-sequencing. Blood samples were also tested for patients with MMTV-like env gene-positive tumors. Correlations with clinicopathological parameters were evaluated. Results: MMTV-like env sequence was detected in tumor and tumor-adjacent tissue samples from 41/217 and 30/196 patients, respectively. In blood, MMTV-like was detected in 17/32 patients. In Luminal-B tumors, MMTV-like in tumor tissue was negatively correlated with tumor size and disease stage, whereas in HER2 tumors it anti-correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and disease stage. Considering blood, MMTV-like env gene positivity negatively correlated with age in general BC, while in Luminal-A tumors it positively correlated with Ki67 but negatively correlated with age and LNM. The associations with decreased LNM frequency were independent of other prognostic factors. Conclusion: MMTV-like env positivity is associated with better prognostic parameters in BC subtypes, which might be explainable by its anti-metastatic potential and by putative activation of immune milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália de Sousa Pereira
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (N.d.S.P.); (G.A.F.V.); (B.K.B.-H.); (M.A.E.W.)
| | - Glauco Akelinghton Freire Vitiello
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (N.d.S.P.); (G.A.F.V.); (B.K.B.-H.); (M.A.E.W.)
| | - Bruna Karina Banin-Hirata
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (N.d.S.P.); (G.A.F.V.); (B.K.B.-H.); (M.A.E.W.)
| | - Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (G.S.A.F.); (M.J.S.S.)
| | - Maria José Sparça Salles
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (G.S.A.F.); (M.J.S.S.)
| | - Marla Karine Amarante
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (N.d.S.P.); (G.A.F.V.); (B.K.B.-H.); (M.A.E.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-3371-5630
| | - Maria Angelica Ehara Watanabe
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil; (N.d.S.P.); (G.A.F.V.); (B.K.B.-H.); (M.A.E.W.)
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27
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Rahmati S, Azami M, Jaafari Z, Pouratar N, Asodollahi K. An evaluation of the risk factors of breast cancer in women in Ilam Province: a case–control study based on hospital. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2020-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The present study aimed to identify the most associated risk factors of breast cancer in Ilam province in 2015–2016. Materials & methods: In this case–control study, the case group consisted of 50 women with breast cancer with a definitive diagnosis from date 23 September 2015 to 22 September 2016. The two groups were group matched in terms of age. Data were collected through interviews and medical records. Results: According to the results, there was a significant relationship between the disease status and variables of family history, history of irregular menstrual cycles, history of breastfeeding, menopausal status, history of oral contraceptive pill consumption, BMI, menarche and number of pregnancies (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Regarding decisive risk factors of breast cancer, more studies with larger sample sizes that take into account more risk factors are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoboo Rahmati
- Department of Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Milad Azami
- Department of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zahra Jaafari
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nasrin Pouratar
- Department of Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Khairollah Asodollahi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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28
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Huang Y, Ip EC, Ng AKT, Cohen-Hallaleh R. Variations in intrinsic breast cancer characteristics in screen-detected breast cancer patients aged between 45 and 69 and above the age of 70. ANZ J Surg 2020; 91:691-694. [PMID: 33215850 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing age is a well-recognized risk factor for breast cancer. With an increase in life expectancy of women, more older patients are diagnosed with breast cancer. This study aimed to identify the variations in breast cancer attributes and mortality in different age groups in New Zealand. METHODS This was a retrospective study of data from the Auckland Breast Cancer Register between 1 June 2000 and 28 February 2017. Patients who were diagnosed through Breast Screen were included. Group A included those aged between 45 and 69 years. Group B included individuals with an age of 70 years or above. RESULTS From June 2000 to February 2017, a total of 6304 new cases of new breast cancer were diagnosed through Auckland Breast Screen, with 5788 patients in group A and 516 patients in group B. Group B was more likely to have the lower grade invasive cancers, with fewer grade 3 cancers. Oestrogen receptor positivity was more pronounced in group B, along with progesterone receptor positivity. Conversely, HER-2 receptor was less likely to be positive in group B. There was a significantly higher breast cancer-related mortality in group B (6.0% versus 2.7%). Mortality related to other causes was also much higher in group B as compared to that in group A (12.8% versus 2.5%). CONCLUSION Women aged 70 years or above generally tend to have a more favourable type of breast cancer, with a lower tumour grade, oestrogen and progesterone receptor positivity, and lower rate of HER-2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqian Huang
- Department of Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,South Western Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eugenia C Ip
- Department of Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander K T Ng
- Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ruben Cohen-Hallaleh
- Department of Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,South Western Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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29
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Sales ACV, Gomes da Silva IIF, Leite MCB, Coutinho LL, Reis RBAC, Castoldi A, Bg Martins D, Lima-Filho JL, Souto FO. Mirna21 Expression in the Breast Cancer Tumor Tissue is Independent of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2020; 12:141-151. [PMID: 33116816 PMCID: PMC7555623 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s269519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21) has been described as one of the most significantly upregulated miRNAs in human breast cancer. However, limited knowledge exists on miRNA-21 expression in breast cancer tissue after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Purpose The aim of this study was to assess miRNA-21 expression in the tumor tissues of Brazilian patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC and its correlation with clinicopathological variables. Patients and Methods Utilizing qRT-PCR, miRNA-21 expression in tumor tissue was measured in a cohort of female patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC. The correlation of miRNA-21 expression with breast cancer molecular subtypes and other clinicopathological variables was also assessed. Results A total of 55 patients were included in the study, and 28 (50.9%) underwent NAC. miRNA-21 was upregulated in patients with breast cancer, regardless of previous exposure to chemotherapy, molecular subtypes, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging and lymph node status of the axilla. miRNA-21 expression did not differ between patients with breast cancer who achieved a pathologic complete response after NAC and healthy controls. Conclusion miRNA-21 was upregulated in the tumor tissue of Brazilian patients with breast cancer regardless of NAC treatment, which reinforces its role as an “oncomiR” and a potential biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Cesar Vieira Sales
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Life Sciences Nucleus- NCV, Agreste Academic Center- CAA, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Caruaru, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus C B Leite
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Leandro L Coutinho
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Renata B A C Reis
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Danyelly Bg Martins
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Lima-Filho
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Oliveira Souto
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, LIKA/Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Life Sciences Nucleus- NCV, Agreste Academic Center- CAA, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Caruaru, PE, Brazil
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30
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Clinical Significance of Immunohistochemical Expression of Neuropeptide Y1 Receptor in Patients With Breast Cancer in Egypt. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:277-286. [PMID: 33086223 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in female individuals worldwide. It constitutes about 38.8% of all malignant tumors among Egyptian female individuals. Neuropeptide Y1 receptor (NPY1R) is one of the most abundant peptides in the central and peripheral nervous systems of mammals. It has been found to promote proliferation, vascularization, and stimulate migration in several cell types and tissues and some types of tumor. This the first immunohistochemical study to evaluate the expression of NPY1R in BC and its correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and patient survival. This study included 92 patients with BC. Immunohistochemical staining for NPY1R was done on paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed tissue sections. Statistically significant increases in NPY1R expression was seen in malignant (46/92; 50%) versus non-neoplastic tissue (12/29; 20.7%) (P<0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that NPY1R is a poor diagnostic test for BC (P<0.001, area under the curve=0.686) in breast tissue. Membranous was the most common pattern of positivity in carcinoma cases (24/46; 52.2%). Statistically significant associations were found between positive NPY1R expression and the presence of metastatic disease (P<0.001), clinical stage (P=0.0003), perineurial invasion (P=0.003), estrogen receptor expression (P=0.004), molecular subtype (P=0.015), Nottingham Prognostic Index risk group (P=0.04), radiotherapy treatment (P=0.01), hormonal treatment (P=0.015), and type of endocrine therapy (P=0.011). Although no significant association was detected between NPY1R-positive and NPY1R-negative cases regarding overall survival and progression-free survival, cases with non-nuclear (membranous+cytoplasmic) expression showed near significantly shorter survival (P=0.063). This study shows that NPY1R was identified in about 50% of malignant BC cases. Its expression correlates with some features of the aggressive disease being associated with metastasis, perineurial invasion, advanced stages, and poor Nottingham Prognostic Index. This suggests a potential prognostic role of NPY1R in BC. Non-nuclear expression of NPY1R seems to be more important in terms of prognosis of BC.
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31
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Kim HA, Lee D, Lee H, Lee J. Lysimachia christinae Hance as an anticancer agent against breast cancer cells. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5717-5728. [PMID: 33133573 PMCID: PMC7590289 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and metastasis is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Although chemoprevention is widely employed to treat breast cancer, anticancer drugs can cause significant adverse effects. Lysimachia christinae Hance (LH) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with diverse therapeutic effects. However, its potential anticancer activity has not been fully investigated in breast cancers to date. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found that the main constituent of LH extract (LHE) was rutin. Our results indicated that LHE or rutin markedly decreased the proliferation and viability of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 and ER-negative HCC38 human breast cancer cells. LHE treatment induced morphological changes in apoptotic nuclei using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) propidium iodide (PI) staining assay revealed that apoptosis significantly increased in both breast cancer cell types after LHE treatment. Additionally, the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Bcl-2, and phospho-Akt decreased, while that of cleaved PARP and p53 increased, in both cell types. Furthermore, LHE treatment inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). LHE treatment significantly upregulated E-cadherin level in MCF-7 and HCC38 cells, while vimentin level was downregulated in HCC38 cells. In addition, transwell and wound-healing assays revealed that LHE or rutin inhibited breast cancer cell migration. Overall, these findings demonstrate that LHE is a promising therapeutic agent that acts by promoting apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation, EMT, and cell migration in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun A. Kim
- Department of Food and NutritionChosun UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | | | - Hwan Lee
- College of PharmacyChosun UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionChosun UniversityGwangjuKorea
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Olaogun JG, Omotayo JA, Ige JT, Omonisi AE, Akute OO, Aduayi OS. Socio-demographic, pattern of presentation and management outcome of breast cancer in a semi-urban tertiary health institution. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:363. [PMID: 33235640 PMCID: PMC7666686 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.363.17866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction breast cancer is the most common malignancy in females worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related deaths in both developing and developed countries. The objective of this study was to determine the socio-demographics, pattern of presentation and management outcome of breast cancer patients. Methods clinical records of confirmed breast cancer patients between January 2011 and December 2015 at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria were reviewed. Results eighty two breast cancer patients were seen. Their ages ranged from 26-95 years (mean 48.9 ± 14.9 years, median 47.5 years). Eighty one (98.8%) were females and the majority (65.4%) were premenopausal. The peak age of incidence was in the 4th decade. All patients presented with breast lump with mean duration of 9.49±6.1 months and size ranging from 2 to 16cm (mean 7.9±3.4 cm). Ten (12.2%) patients presented early, 61 (74.4%) were locally advanced while 11 (13.4%) had distant metastases. Fifty one (62.2%) patients had mastectomy. Only 38 (46.3%) patients completed six courses of chemotherapy. None had immunohistochemistry but they all routinely took tamoxifen. Only 4 (4.9%) had radiotherapy. Nineteen (23.2%) died within a year of presentation. The follow-up period ranged between 1 and 44 months (mean, 10.3 months). Thirty one (37.8%), 19 (23.2%) and 8 (9.8%) patients were seen during the first, second and third year of follow up respectively. Conclusion breast cancer mostly affects young premenopausal women presenting in advanced stage in our setting. The generally poor outcome is not unconnected with late presentation and inadequate diagnostic and treatment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Taye Ige
- Department of Surgery, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Solis Campos JA, Veillon Contreras GA, Tudela BT. Hypofractionated radiation therapy for early breast cancer: Follow up of a new treatment standard. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:886-889. [PMID: 32982595 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the oncological outcomes of patients with early breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant hypofractionated radiation therapy. Methods and Material This retrospective analysis included all patients ≥50 year of age with T1-2 N0 M0 breast cancer treated at our Radiation Oncology Unit between 2008 and 2011. Whole-breast radiation therapy was delivered to a dose of 42.5 Gy in 16 fractions, without boost. The primary outcome was local control. Results 212 patients were identified. With a median follow up of 60 months, we found 3% local recurrence and 5.3% regional and/or distant recurrences. At the moment of data analysis, 17 patients had died. Out of 5 local recurrences, 2 had previously had a distant recurrence, both of them died. The other three were still alive at the last follow up. These results are comparable to those observed in Phase III trials that use this fractionation scheme. Conclusions The results obtained with this retrospective analysis are comparable to those obtained in large randomized trials. This data also supports the use of hypofractionated radiation therapy in Latin America. Hypofractionated radiation therapy for early breast cancer patients should be the standard adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Solis Campos
- Oncology Department, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Oncology Department, Hospital Carlos Van Buren, Valparaiso, Chile
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dos Santos Coelho MO, de Almeida Berbert C, Borges LL. Momordica charantia and breast cancer: An in silico approach. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633620500157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Momordica charantia, known as “São Caetano Melon”, is a medicinal plant popularly used for its antitumor, anticarcinogenic, hypoglycemic, and other properties. Studies in mice have demonstrated its activity in vivo against breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. In vitro studies have also indicated potential efficacy against cervical solid tumors, and breast cancer. In these studies, we sought to evaluate these putative activities. Our methods included use of in silico tools to assess predicted biological activities, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity. We also performed docking and pharmacophore modeling studies. We found phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenes. Four flavonoids possess predicted anticarcinogenic activity, and affinity for estrogen receptors. Quercetin was selected for the study because it is the most prevalent representative of its class.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonardo Luiz Borges
- Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brasil
- Câmpus Central, Unidade Universitária de Anápolis, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Brasil
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Xu L, Wang L, Jiang C, Zhu Q, Chen R, Wang J, Wang S. Biological effect of ribosomal protein L32 on human breast cancer cell behavior. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2478-2486. [PMID: 32705264 PMCID: PMC7411337 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. However, identifying effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of BC is challenging. Based on our previously developed 'humanized' mouse model of BC, microarray expression analysis was performed and multiple differentially expressed genes, including ribosomal protein (RP) L32, were screened. Recent reports have revealed that RPs are relevant to the development and progression of cancer. However, the expression and function of RPL32 in BC remains unknown. Therefore, in the present study, the role of RPL32 in the development of BC was explored. Immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were used, and it was found that RPL32 was upregulated in human BC tissues and cells. Cell Counting Kit‑8, cell invasion and migration assays were performed, which demonstrated that RPL32 knockdown using lentivirus‑delivered small interfering RNA inhibited the migration and invasion of BC cells in vitro and in vivo (nude mouse model). Moreover, western blotting showed that RPL32 knockdown decreased the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9. Thus, the present findings indicated a potential oncogenic role of RPL32, suggesting that it may be a novel target for molecular targeted therapy in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Clinical Nutrition Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Chaojun Jiang
- Breast Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Qiannan Zhu
- Breast Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Breast Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Breast Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Shui Wang
- Breast Disease Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
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Diaz-Perez HM, Mesa-Chavez F, Lopez-Martinez EA, Villarreal-Garza C. Short inter-pregnancy interval and pregnancy-associated breast cancer. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:109951. [PMID: 32535457 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between pregnancy and breast cancer risk is not fully understood. Most of the literature has described this interaction in terms of the age at first pregnancy and the number of full-term pregnancies. During the prospective accrual of the "Joven & Fuerte: Program for young women with breast cancer in Mexico" cohort, a series of cases with pregnancy-associated breast cancer and a history of a short inter-pregnancy interval was identified. To date, there is a very limited number of descriptions about the interaction between a short inter-pregnancy interval and breast cancer, but none specifically regarding the association of a short inter-pregnancy interval and pregnancy-associated breast cancer. Based on findings from a prospective cohort of young Mexican breast cancer patients, we hypothesize that a short inter-pregnancy interval may increase the incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer, possibly by amplifying the effects of the pregnancy-associated factors involved in the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector M Diaz-Perez
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Mesa-Chavez
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Joven & Fuerte: Programa para la Atencion e Investigacion de Mujeres Jovenes con Cancer de Mama, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edna A Lopez-Martinez
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Joven & Fuerte: Programa para la Atencion e Investigacion de Mujeres Jovenes con Cancer de Mama, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion - Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Joven & Fuerte: Programa para la Atencion e Investigacion de Mujeres Jovenes con Cancer de Mama, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Ip EC, Cohen-Hallaleh RB, Ng AK. Extending Screening in "Elderly" Patients: Should We Consider a Selective Approach? Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:377-381. [PMID: 32402812 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer screening has been shown to reduce breast cancer-associated mortality. However, screening is limited to the targeted age group of 45 to 69 years in New Zealand despite the recognized increased risk with age. This study aims to compare the outcomes of women aged over 70 years with screen-detected and clinically detected cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review was performed of prospectively collected data from June 2000 to May 2013 by the Auckland Breast Cancer Register. Demographic and tumor characteristics of women with invasive cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis aged 70 years and over were compared between those screened and clinically detected. Five-year disease-free and overall survival outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS A total of 2128 women aged 70 years and over were diagnosed with breast cancer (median, 77 years; interquartile range [IQR], 74-84 years). Of these, 416 (19.5%) were diagnosed through mammography screening, with a median age of 74 years (IQR, 71-77 years) compared with 79 years (IQR, 74-85 years) for those with clinical detected cancer diagnosis. Screen-detected cancers accounted for a significantly higher proportion of diagnoses in those aged 70 to 74 years compared with older patients (P < .001). Screen-detected cancers were of lower T and N stages. Disease-specific survival was significantly longer in screen-detected cancers versus other cancers (5-year survival, 93.7% vs. 81.9%; P < .001), as was overall survival (5-year survival, 84.7% vs. 57.4%; P < .001). CONCLUSION Screening in those aged 70 years and over continues to identify breast cancer at early stages and with improved survival. Although aware of the potential for lead-time bias and the healthy volunteer effect, there should still be consideration to extend breast cancer screening to patients aged to up 74 years after appropriate assessment of comorbidities and functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia C Ip
- Department of Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruben B Cohen-Hallaleh
- Department of Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Alexander K Ng
- Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Floris M, Sanna D, Castiglia P, Putzu C, Sanna V, Pazzola A, De Miglio MR, Sanges F, Pira G, Azara A, Lampis E, Serra A, Carru C, Steri M, Costanza F, Bisail M, Muroni MR. MTHFR, XRCC1 and OGG1 genetic polymorphisms in breast cancer: a case-control study in a population from North Sardinia. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:234. [PMID: 32192442 PMCID: PMC7083022 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite conflicting results, considerable evidence suggests the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in MTHFR, XRCC1 and OGG1 genes and, risk of developing breast cancer. Here a case-control study is reported, including 135 breat cancer patients and 112 healthy women, all representative of Northern Sardinian population. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine the genotypes of five polymorphisms: MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131), XRCC1 Arg194Trp (rs1799782) and Arg399Gln (rs25487) and OGG1 Ser326Cys (rs1052133). Allelic, genotypic and haplotype association analyses with disease risk and clinicopathological parameters were performed. RESULTS A nominally significant association with breast cancer risk was observed for MTHFR C677T polymorphism heterozygous genotype in the codominant model (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32-1.00, p = 0.049) and for Cys/Cys genotype of the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism in the recessive model (OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.05-1.11, p = 0.0465). No significant differences were found at genotype-level for A1298C polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln of the XRCC1 gene. Furthermore, the OGG1 and XRCC1 rs25487 polymorphisms were nominally associated with PgR, Her2 status and with sporadic breast cancer, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Based on genetic characteristics of individuals included in this study, results suggest that MTHFR CT and OGG1 Cys/Cys genotypes have a protective effect that may have an influence on breast cancer risk in a representative Northern Sardinian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Floris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Daria Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlo Putzu
- Division of Medical Oncology, AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Sanna
- Division of Medical Oncology, AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanges
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Azara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Lampis
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maristella Steri
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Flavia Costanza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Araújo ALC, Soares HB, Carvalho DF, Mendonça RM, Oliveira AG. Design and clinical validation of a software program for automated measurement of mammographic breast density. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020; 20:45. [PMID: 32122371 PMCID: PMC7053043 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-1062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammographic breast density is an important predictor of breast cancer, but its measurement has limitations related to subjectivity of visual evaluation or to difficult access for automatic volumetric measurement methods. Herein, we describe the design and clinical validation of Aguida, a software program for automated quantification of breast density from flat mammography images. Materials and methods The software program was developed in MatLab. After image segmentation separating the background from the breast image, the operator positions a cursor defining a region of interest on the pectoralis major muscle from the mediolateral oblique view. Then, in the craniocaudal view, the threshold for separation of the dense tissue is based on the optical density of the pectoral muscle, and the proportion of dense tissue is calculated by the program. Mammograms obtained from 2 different occasions in 291 women were used for clinical evaluation. Results The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between breast density measurements by the software and by a radiologist was 0.96, with a bias of only 0.67 percentage points and a 95% limit of agreement of 13.5 percentage points; the ICC was 0.94 in the interobserver reliability assessment by two radiologists with different experience; and the ICC was 0.98 in the intraobserver reliability assessment. The distribution among the density classes was close to the values obtained with the volumetric software. Conclusions Measurement of breast density with the Aguida program from flat mammography images showed high agreement with the visual determination by radiologists, and high inter- and intra-observer reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano L C Araújo
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha 620, Petrópolis, Natal, RN, 59012-300, Brazil. .,Instituto de Radiologia de Natal, Av. Afonso Pena 744 - Tirol, Natal, RN, 59020-100, Brazil.
| | - Heliana B Soares
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 300, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Carvalho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 300, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Roberto M Mendonça
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha 620, Petrópolis, Natal, RN, 59012-300, Brazil
| | - Antonio G Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, Petrópolis, Natal, RN, 29012-570, Brazil
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The effectiveness of technical guided imagery on pain intensity decreasing in breast cancer patients. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Organ at risk dose calculation for left sided breast cancer treatments using intraoperative electron radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo-based feasibility study. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 156:108977. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Geng W, Dong K, Pu Q, Lv Y, Gao H. SHOC2 is associated with the survival of breast cancer cells and has prognostic value for patients with breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:867-875. [PMID: 31974612 PMCID: PMC6947812 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SHOC2 leucine rich repeat scaffold protein (SHOC2) has been identified as a positive regulator of the Ras pathway; however, the function of SHOC2 in breast cancer has rarely been explored. The current study investigated the effects of SHOC2 on breast cancer cell growth and evaluated its prognostic value in patients with breast cancer. The effects of SHOC2 on MCF‑7 and MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells were studied using short hairpin RNA. In total, 120 pairs of formalin‑fixed, paraffin‑embedded breast cancer tissue specimens were compared to normal tissue using immunohistochemical staining. SHOC2 knockdown significantly inhibited MCF‑7 and MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cell proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Additionally, the RAS‑MAPK/PI3K pathway was inhibited by SHOC2 knockdown. In a clinical study, the results revealed that high SHOC2 expression was associated with more aggressive clinical characteristics of breast cancer. Moreover, Kaplan‑Meier and Cox regression analyses indicated that SHOC2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for survival, suggesting that increased SHOC2 expression predicted a worse overall survival. This indicated that SHOC2 knockdown could affect breast cancer cell survival, and SHOC2 upregulation may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Geng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qian Pu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Haidong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Sun J, Huang J, Lan J, Zhou K, Gao Y, Song Z, Deng Y, Liu L, Dong Y, Liu X. Overexpression of CENPF correlates with poor prognosis and tumor bone metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:264. [PMID: 31632198 PMCID: PMC6788011 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Centromere Protein F (CENPF) associates with the centromere-kinetochore complex and influences cell proliferation and metastasis in several cancers. The role of CENPF in breast cancer (BC) bone metastasis remains unclear. Methods Using the ONCOMINE database, we compared the expression of CENPF in breast cancer and normal tissues. Findings were confirmed in 60 BC patients through immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Microarray data from GEO and Kaplan-Meier plots were used analyze the overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS). Using the GEO databases, we compared the expression of CENPF in primary lesions, lung metastasis lesions and bone metastasis lesions, and validated our findings in BALB/C mouse 4T1 BC models. Based on gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and western blot, we predicted the mechanisms by which CENPF regulates BC bone metastasis. Results The ONCOMINE database and immunohistochemical (IHC) showed higher CENPF expression in BC tissue compared to normal tissue. Kaplan-Meier plots also revealed that high CENPF mRNA expression correlated to poor survival and shorter progression-free survival (RFS). From BALB/C mice 4T1 BC models and the GEO database, CENPF was overexpressed in primary lesions, other target organs, and in bone metastasis. Based on gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and western blot, we predicted that CENPF regulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) through its ability to activate PI3K-AKT-mTORC1. Conclusion CENPF promotes BC bone metastasis by activating PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling and represents a novel therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Sun
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Jingzhan Huang
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Jin Lan
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Kun Zhou
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Yuan Gao
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Zhigao Song
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yunyao Deng
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Lixin Liu
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Ying Dong
- 3Nursing Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630 Guangdong China
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Cicekdal MB, Tuna BG, Charehsaz M, Cleary MP, Aydin A, Dogan S. Effects of long‐term intermittent versus chronic calorie restriction on oxidative stress in a mouse cancer model. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1973-1985. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munevver B. Cicekdal
- Department of Medical BiologyYeditepe University, School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bilge G. Tuna
- Department of BiophysicsYeditepe University, School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mohammad Charehsaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical ToxicologyYeditepe University, School of Pharmacy Istanbul Turkey
| | - Margot P. Cleary
- Hormel Institute Medical Research CenterUniversity of Minnesota Austin Minnesota
| | - Ahmet Aydin
- Department of Pharmaceutical ToxicologyYeditepe University, School of Pharmacy Istanbul Turkey
| | - Soner Dogan
- Department of Medical BiologyYeditepe University, School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
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45
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Sepahvand P, Makvandi M, Samarbafzadeh A, Talaei-Zadeh A, Ranjbari N, Nisi N, Azaran A, Jalilian S, Pirmoradi R, Makvandi K, Ahmadi Angali K. Human Cytomegalovirus DNA among Women with Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2275-2279. [PMID: 31450895 PMCID: PMC6852836 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.8.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Section Title Breast cancer is the most common cause of death among women worldwide. Although there are many known risk factors in breast cancer development, infectious diseases have appeared as one of the important key to contribute to carcinogenesis formation. The effects of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) on women with breast cancer has been recently studied and reported. To contribute to this research trend, this study was conducted to evaluate the association between HCMV and the women with breast cancer. Objective: This experiment aimed to evaluate HCMV DNA in women with breast cancer in Ahvaz city, Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 37 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues of the patients with ductal breast carcinoma and 35 paraffin embedded tissues of the patients with fibro adenoma as control group were collected. The deparaffinization of all the samples were carried out and the DNA was extracted. Initially, the PCR test was carried out to detect beta –globulin DNA as an internal control. For those samples positive for beta –globulin DNA, Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HCMV for the tests and control samples. Results: Among 37 ductal breast carcinoma, 20 (54.04%) cases were proved positive for HCMV DNA by PCR. While among the 35 control group (fibroadenoma), 10 (28.57%) cases were positive for HCMV DNA (P >0.028). The prevalences of HCMV DNA among the age groups 30-39, 40-49 and >50 years were 7 (72.22%), 9 (69.23%), 4 (57.14%), respectively (P=0.066). A high frequency of HCMV DNA was detected in tumor grade III, 13/18 (58.33%) compared with tumor grade II, 7/19 (36.84%) (p=0.044). A high frequency of 16/24 (66.66%) of HCMV DNA was found in invasive ductal breast cancer compared with 4/13 (30.76%) HCMV DNA in situ (P<0.028). Conclusion: A high prevalence of 54.05% HCMV was found among the patients with ductal carcinoma. The percentages of the high prevalence of HCMV among age group (40-49) years, tumors grades, and invasive stage were (69.23%), (58.33%), (66.66%), respectively. Further study of HCMV in the latency phase in patients with ductal carcinoma would be necessary to extend our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sepahvand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Samarbafzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdulhasan Talaei-Zadeh
- Department of Surgery, Imam Khoeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Imam Khoeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ranjbari
- Department of Pathology, Imam Khoeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nilofar Nisi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azarakhsh Azaran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahram Jalilian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Roya Pirmoradi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kimia Makvandi
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Biostatistic Department, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ahwazi RP, Kiani M, Dinarvand M, Assali A, Tekie FSM, Dinarvand R, Atyabi F. Immobilization of HIV‐1 TAT peptide on gold nanoparticles: A feasible approach for siRNA delivery. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2049-2059. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh P. Ahwazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Melika Kiani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Meshkat Dinarvand
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Göttingen University Göttingen Germany
| | - Akram Assali
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Farnaz S. M. Tekie
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Rasoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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47
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Fazel A, Hasanpour-Heidari S, Salamat F, Rajaie S, Kazeminezhad V, Naeimi-Tabiei M, Jahangirrad A, Sedaghat S, Hosseinpoor R, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Roshandel G, Weiderpass E. Marked increase in breast cancer incidence in young women: A 10-year study from Northern Iran, 2004-2013. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 62:101573. [PMID: 31330422 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancer incidence in young women is a health issue of concern, especially in middle-income countries such as Iran. The aim of this study is to report the breast cancer incidence variations in Golestan province, Iran, over a 10-year period (2004-2013). METHODS We analyzed data from the Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry (GPCR), which is a high-quality cancer registry collecting data on primary cancers based on standard protocols throughout the Golestan province. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and age-specific incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated. Time trends in ASRs and age-specific rates were evaluated using Joinpoint regressions. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) with correspondence 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 2106 new breast cancer cases were diagnosed during the study period. Most cases occurred in women living in urban areas: 1449 cases (68%) versus 657 cases (31%) in rural areas. Statistically significant increasing trends were observed over the 10-year study period amongst women of all ages (AAPC = 4.4; 95%CI: 1.2-7.8) as well as amongst women in the age groups 20-29 years (AAPC = 10.0; 95%CI: 1.7-19.0) and 30-39 years (AAPC = 5.1; 95%CI: 1.4-9.0). CONCLUSION The incidence of breast cancer increased between 2004 and 2013 in Golestan province amongst all age groups, and in particular amongst women aged 20-39 years. Breast cancer should be considered a high priority for health policy making in our community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Fazel
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Omid Cancer Research Center, Omid Preventive and Health Promotion Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Susan Hasanpour-Heidari
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salamat
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Siamak Rajaie
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - SeyedMehdi Sedaghat
- Deputy of Public Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinpoor
- Deputy of Public Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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48
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Cai F, Cai L, Zhou Z, Pan X, Wang M, Chen S, Luis MAF, Cen C, Biskup E. Prognostic role of Tif1γ expression and circulating tumor cells in patients with breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3685-3695. [PMID: 30896800 PMCID: PMC6470918 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription intermediary factor 1γ (Tif1γ), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, is a regulator of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling. Tif1γ can function as an oncogene and as a tumor suppressor. In the present study, Tif1γ levels were measured in the plasma of patients with breast cancer in order to investigate the association of Tif1γ with overall survival (OS). The results indicated that Tif1γ is an independent prognostic and predictive factor in breast cancer, and thus, a promising target protein for use in diagnostics and patient follow-up. Plasma levels of Tif1γ were measured in samples obtained from 110 patients with operable breast cancer and in 110 healthy volunteers at the Breast Cancer Department of Yangpu Hospital between 2008 and 2016. The association between Tif1γ levels and clinicopathologic parameters, and the OS in a follow-up period of 98 months was evaluated. The prognostic significance was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The levels of Tif1γ were significantly lower in patients with breast cancer compared with healthy controls. The average concentration of 18.40 ng/ml was used to discriminate between Tif1γ-positive (52) and Tif1γ-negative patients (58). Tif1γ-positive patients had a significantly improved OS compared with Tif1γ-negative patients. In the multivariate analysis, Tif1γ was an independent predictor of a favorable OS in a prospective follow-up setting; thus, Tif1γ plasma levels are an independent prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer. These findings support the potential of using measurements of Tif1γ plasma levels to guide breast cancer therapy and monitoring. Further studies are required to validate Tif1γ as an easily detectable, non-invasive prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Zhuchao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Minghong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Manuel Antonio Falar Luis
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Cen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Ewelina Biskup
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
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Rogers WA. Analysing the ethics of breast cancer overdiagnosis: a pathogenic vulnerability. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE, AND PHILOSOPHY 2019; 22:129-140. [PMID: 30030748 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-018-9852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer screening aims to help women by early identification and treatment of cancers that might otherwise be life-threatening. However, breast cancer screening also leads to the detection of some cancers that, if left undetected and untreated, would not have damaged the health of the women concerned. At the time of diagnosis, harmless cancers cannot be identified as non-threatening, therefore women are offered invasive breast cancer treatment. This phenomenon of identifying (and treating) non-harmful cancers is called overdiagnosis. Overdiagnosis is morally problematic as it leads to overall patient harm rather than benefit. Further, breast cancer screening is offered in a context that exaggerates cancer risk and screening benefit, minimises risk of harm and impedes informed choice. These factors combine to create pathogenic vulnerability. That is, breast cancer screening exacerbates rather than reduces women's vulnerability and undermines women's agency. This paper provides an original way of conceptualising agency-supporting responses to the harms of breast cancer overdiagnosis through application of the concept of pathogenic vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Rogers
- Department of Philosophy and Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2107, Australia.
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50
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Zhang L, Xu J, Wu H, Liang W, Ye X, Tian H, Dong F. Screening Breast Lesions Using Shear Modulus and Its 1-mm Shell in Sound Touch Elastography. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:710-719. [PMID: 30638694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study described here was to screen breast lesions using either or both shear modulus (G) and its 1-mm shell (S) in sound touch elastography through a retrospective study of 209 consecutive women with breast lesions. The ability of G and S data to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The optimal cutoff point, sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) were calculated. Then, the parameters were pooled to determine the area under the summary receiver operating curve (AUSROC). The pooled sensitivity (PSen), pooled specificity (PSpe), pooled LR+ (PLR+), pooled LR- (PLR-) and diagnostic score (DS) were calculated. Pathologic examination results were used as the reference. In total, 209 patients with 155 benign and 54 malignant lesions were enrolled. For Gmax, Gmean and Gsd, the cutoff values were 35.15 kPa (p = 0.0001), 10.18 kPa (p = 0.0001) and 5.18 kPa (p = 0.0001), respectively. For Smax, Smean and Ssd, the cutoff values were 40.94 kPa (p = 0.001), 13.12 kPa (p = 0.0001) and 7.97 kPa (p = 0.0001), respectively. There were no significant differences in Gmin and Smin between benign and malignant lesions. For the pooled six parameters, the PSen, PSpe, PLR+, PLR-, DS and AUSROC were 86% (95% confidence interval: 82%-89%), 82% (80%-85%), 4.90 (4.24-5.68), 0.17 (0.13-0.22), 3.36 (3.00-3.72) and 91% (88-93%), respectively. The G and S parameters of sound touch elastography could provide valuable data for the evaluation of breast lesions. Additionally, use of multiple parameters or combined use of the six parameters may be more effective in the evaluation of breast lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaiyu Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiyu Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuqin Ye
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongtian Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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