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Sattari SA, Antar A, Theodore JN, Hersh AM, Al-Mistarehi AH, Davidar AD, Weber-Levine C, Azad TD, Yang W, Feghali J, Xu R, Manbachi A, Lubelski D, Bettegowda C, Chang L, Witham T, Belzberg A, Theodore N. Early versus late surgical decompression for patients with acute traumatic central cord syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine J 2024; 24:435-445. [PMID: 37890727 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The optimal decompression time for patients presenting with acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) has been debated, and a high level of evidence is lacking. PURPOSE To compare early (<24 hours) versus late (≥24 hours) surgical decompression for ATCCS. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Medline, PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to March 15th, 2023. The primary outcome was American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score. Secondary outcomes were venous thromboembolism (VTE), total complications, overall mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and ICU LOS. The GRADE approach determined certainty in evidence. RESULTS The nine studies included reported on 5,619 patients, of whom 2,099 (37.35%) underwent early decompression and 3520 (62.65%) underwent late decompression. The mean age (53.3 vs 56.2 years, p=.505) and admission ASIA motor score (mean difference [MD]=-0.31 [-3.61, 2.98], p=.85) were similar between the early and late decompression groups. At 6-month follow-up, the two groups were similar in ASIA motor score (MD= -3.30 [-8.24, 1.65], p=.19). However, at 1-year follow-up, the early decompression group had a higher ASIA motor score than the late decompression group in total (MD=4.89 [2.89, 6.88], p<.001, evidence: moderate), upper extremities (MD=2.59 [0.82, 4.36], p=.004) and lower extremities (MD=1.08 [0.34, 1.83], p=.004). Early decompression was also associated with lower VTE (odds ratio [OR]=0.41 [0.26, 0.65], p=.001, evidence: moderate), total complications (OR=0.53 [0.42, 0.67], p<.001, evidence: moderate), and hospital LOS (MD=-2.94 days [-3.83, -2.04], p<.001, evidence: moderate). Finally, ICU LOS (MD=-0.69 days [-1.65, 0.28], p=.16, evidence: very low) and overall mortality (OR=1.35 [0.93, 1.94], p=.11, evidence: moderate) were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis of these studies demonstrated that early decompression was beneficial in terms of ASIA motor score, VTE, complications, and hospital LOS. Furthermore, early decompression did not increase mortality odds. Although treatment decision-making has been individualized, early decompression should be considered for patients presenting with ATCCS, provided that the surgeon deems it appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Aldin Sattari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Albert Antar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - John N Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Andrew M Hersh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - A Daniel Davidar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Carly Weber-Levine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tej D Azad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Wuyang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - James Feghali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Risheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Amir Manbachi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Daniel Lubelski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Louis Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Timothy Witham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Allan Belzberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Nicholas Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Chu-Tan JA, Cioanca AV, Feng ZP, Wooff Y, Schumann U, Aggio-Bruce R, Patel H, Rutar M, Hannan K, Panov K, Provis J, Natoli R. Functional microRNA targetome undergoes degeneration-induced shift in the retina. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:60. [PMID: 34465369 PMCID: PMC8406976 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNA) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of complex neurodegenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), acting as post-transcriptional gene suppressors through their association with argonaute 2 (AGO2) - a key member of the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC). Identifying the retinal miRNA/mRNA interactions in health and disease will provide important insight into the key pathways miRNA regulate in disease pathogenesis and may lead to potential therapeutic targets to mediate retinal degeneration. METHODS To identify the active miRnome targetome interactions in the healthy and degenerating retina, AGO2 HITS-CLIP was performed using a rodent model of photoreceptor degeneration. Analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data was performed to identify the cellular location of AGO2 and key members of the microRNA targetome in the retina. AGO2 findings were verified by in situ hybridization (RNA) and immunohistochemistry (protein). RESULTS Analysis revealed a similar miRnome between healthy and damaged retinas, however, a shift in the active targetome was observed with an enrichment of miRNA involvement in inflammatory pathways. This shift was further demonstrated by a change in the seed binding regions of miR-124-3p, the most abundant retinal AGO2-bound miRNA, and has known roles in regulating retinal inflammation. Additionally, photoreceptor cluster miR-183/96/182 were all among the most highly abundant miRNA bound to AGO2. Following damage, AGO2 expression was localized to the inner retinal layers and more in the OLM than in healthy retinas, indicating a locational miRNA response to retinal damage. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important insight into the alteration of miRNA regulatory activity that occurs as a response to retinal degeneration and explores the miRNA-mRNA targetome as a consequence of retinal degenerations. Further characterisation of these miRNA/mRNA interactions in the context of the degenerating retina may provide an important insight into the active role these miRNA may play in diseases such as AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Chu-Tan
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- The Australian National University Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Adrian V. Cioanca
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Zhi-Ping Feng
- The ANU Bioinformatics Consultancy, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Yvette Wooff
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- The Australian National University Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Ulrike Schumann
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Riemke Aggio-Bruce
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- The Australian National University Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Hardip Patel
- The ANU Bioinformatics Consultancy, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Matt Rutar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617 Australia
| | - Katherine Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Konstantin Panov
- School of Biological Sciences Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL Northern Ireland
| | - Jan Provis
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- The Australian National University Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- The Australian National University Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
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Parthiban J, Zileli M, Sharif SY. Outcomes of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations. Neurospine 2020; 17:809-819. [PMID: 33401858 PMCID: PMC7788418 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2040490.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review article aims to provide some definitive statements on the factors like clinical syndromes, radiological findings, and decompressive surgery, that may influence the outcomes in cervical spinal cord injury management. Literature search on these factors published in the last decade were analyzed and definite statements prepared and voted for consensus opinion by the WFNS Spine Committee members and experts in this field at a meeting in Moscow in June 2019 using Delphi method. This was re-evaluated in a meeting in Pakistan in November 2019. Finally, the consensus statements were brought out as recommendations by the committee to the world literature. Traumatic Spinal Cord Syndromes have good prognosis except in elderly and when the presenting neurological deficit was very poor. Though conservative management provides satisfactory results, results can be improved with surgery when instability and progressive compression was present. Locked facet with spinal cord injury denotes poor prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging T2 imaging is the essential prognostic indicator that apart from sagittal grade, length of injury, maximum canal compromise, maximum spinal cord compression, axial grading (BASIC) score. Diffusion tensor imaging is the next promising predictor in the pipeline. Decompressive surgery when done earlier especially within 24 hours of injury provides better result and there is no clear evidence to show medical management is better or equivalent to delayed surgical management. Clinical syndromes, radiological syndromes, and surgical decompression have strong impact on the out comes in the management of cervical spinal cord injury. Our comprehensive review and final recommendations on this subject will be of great importance in understanding the complex treatment methods in use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutty Parthiban
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kovai Medical Center Hospital, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mehmet Zileli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Salman Yousuf Sharif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Beylerli OA, Azizova ST, Konovalov NA, Akhmedov AD, Gareev IF, Belogurov AA. [Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets in spinal cord injury]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEĬROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2020; 84:104-110. [PMID: 32759933 DOI: 10.17116/neiro202084031104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may be followed by persistent motor dysfunction and somatosensory disturbances that negatively influences the quality of life of patients and creates a significant economic burden. Analysis of secondary biological processes associated with changes in genetic expression is becoming increasingly important every day in understanding the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury. The results of international sequencing of the human genome were analyzed in 2004. These data revealed about 20,000 protein-coding genes covering near 2% of the total genomic sequence. The vast majority of gene transcripts are actually characterized as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These RNA clusters do not encode functional proteins and ensure post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The clusters may be small (approximately 20 nucleotides) known as miRNAs or the transcripts can enroll over 200 nucleotides defined as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Some modern studies describe transient expression of microRNA in case of spinal cord injury. These RNAs are associated with inflammation and apoptosis, functional recovery and regeneration. Large-scale genomic analysis has demonstrated the existence of multiple lncRNAs whose expression is associated with some processes of spinal cord injury. lncRNA can be divided into two categories depending on the position in relation to the coding genes: intergenic and intragenic. Intergenic lncRNAs is currently the most studied class. Intragenic lncRNAs can be subdivided depending on the overlap of the coding genes (antisense, intron, etc.). According to recent studies, long non-coding RNAs are abundantly present in the tissues of central nervous system and may be crucial in the pathogenesis of certain diseases of nervous system. At the cellular level, it has been shown that lncRNAs regulate the expression of protein-coding RNAs. Moreover, these molecules are involved into such processes as neuronal death, demyelination and glia activation. This review is devoted to the role of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and their potential use as targets for the treatment of consequences of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia
| | - Sh T Azizova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - I F Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia
| | - A A Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovcinnicov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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5
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MicroRNA-31 regulating apoptosis by mediating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway in treatment of spinal cord injury. Brain Dev 2019; 41:649-661. [PMID: 31036380 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a highly conservative energy demand program for non-inflammatory cell death, which is extremely significant in normal physiology and disease. There are many techniques used for studying apoptosis. MicroRNA (miRNA) is closely related to cell apoptosis, and especially microRNA-31 (miR-31) is involved in apoptosis by regulating a large number of target genes and signaling pathways. In many neurological diseases, cell apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role in the reduction of cell number, including the reduction of neurons in spinal cord injuries. In recent years, the phosphoinositol 3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signal pathway, as a signal pathway involved in a variety of cell functions, has been studied in spinal cord injury diseases. The PI3K/AKT pathway directly or indirectly affects whether apoptosis occurs in a cell, thereby affecting a significant intracellular event sequence. This paper reviewed the interactions of miR-31 target sites in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and explored new ways to prevent and treat spinal cord injury by regulating the effect of miR-31 on apoptosis.
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6
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Wang Z, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Ding K. Inhibition of miRNA-27b enhances neurogenesis via AMPK activation in a mouse ischemic stroke model. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:859-869. [PMID: 30974042 PMCID: PMC6487723 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, but treatment options remain limited. Recent studies have suggested that cerebral ischemia‐induced neurogenesis plays a vital role in post‐stroke repair. Overactivation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master sensor of energy balance, has been reported to exacerbate neuron apoptosis, but the role of chronic AMPK stimulus in post‐stroke recovery remains unclear. MicroRNAs have emerged as regulators of neurogenesis and have been reported to be involved in neurological function. In this study, we verified that miR‐27b directly targets AMPK and inhibits AMPK expression. In cultured neural stem cells, miR‐27b inhibitor improved proliferation and differentiation via the AMPK signaling pathway, but did not have an obvious effect on cell viability under oxygen and glucose deprivation conditions. In a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model, administration of miR‐27b inhibitor significantly enhanced behavioral function recovery and spatial memory. Up‐regulation of neurogenesis was observed both in the subventricular zone and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Collectively, our data suggest that miR‐27b inhibition promotes recovery after ischemic stroke by regulating AMPK activity. These findings may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Yimei Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Zhaoguang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Kuiying Ding
- Technology Center, Weifang Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, China
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7
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Yuan H, Hu Y, Jiang L, Wang T. The research progress of miRNA/lncRNA associated with spinal cord injury. IBRAIN 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2019.tb00042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- Department of Spinal SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Neurological DiseaseTranslational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Neurological DiseaseTranslational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ting‐Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Neurological DiseaseTranslational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnanChina
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8
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Ruan W, Ning G, Feng S, Gao S, Hao Y. MicroRNA‑381/Hes1 is a potential therapeutic target for spinal cord injury. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1008-1017. [PMID: 29750292 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether microRNA‑381 is a potential therapeutic target for spinal cord injury (SCI) and its possible mechanism. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for mRNA expression was used to analyze the changes of microRNA-381 expression. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Caspase‑3 activity was measured using caspase‑3 activity kit, and western blot analysis was used to measure the protein expression of neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1), notch 1 intracellular domain (NICD) and transcription factor HES-1 (Hes1). The data showed that microRNA‑381 expression of model SCI rats was downregulated compared with that of control rats. Overexpression of microRNA‑381 promoted cell proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis and caspase‑3 and apoptosis regulator BAX (Bax) protein expression in neurocytes. Overexpression of microRNA‑381 also increased Wnt and β‑catenin protein expression, and suppressed the protein expression of Notch1, NICD and Hes1 in neurocytes. Wnt inhibitor, Wnt‑C59 (1 µmol/l), inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis and caspase‑3 and Bax protein expression, suppressed β‑catenin protein expression and induced Hes1 protein expression in neurocytes following microRNA‑381 overexpression. Notch inhibitor, FLI‑06 (1 µmol/l), promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis and caspase‑3 and Bax protein expression, and suppressed NICD and Hes1 protein expression in neurocytes following microRNA‑381 overexpression. Thus, this study showed that overexpression of microRNA‑381 promotes cell proliferation of neurocytes in SCI via Hes1 expression, which may be a novel important mechanism for SCI in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Ruan
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Wang J, Chen T, Shan G. miR-148b Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Rat Ischemic Stroke Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:329. [PMID: 29104534 PMCID: PMC5655035 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Stroke induced proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) that have been proven to participate in ischemic brain repair. However, molecular mechanisms that regulate neurogenesis have not been fully investigated. MicroRNAs play an important role in the neurological repairing process and impact stroke recovery outcome. MiRNA-148b has been reported to regulate cell proliferation in tumor cells, but its role in NSCs after ischemic stroke remains unknown. Here, we found an overexpression of MiRNA-148b in subventricular zone (SVZ) of rat ischemic brain. In original cultured ischemic NSCs, transfection of MiRNA-148b mimic or inhibitor could suppress or enhance the expression of Wnt-1, β-catenin, and Cyclin D1, hence effected wnt/β-catenin signaling. MiRNA-148b inhibitor promoted NSCs proliferation and differentiation into newborn neural and astrocytes, and this action could be silenced with knockdown of Wnt-1. In middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rats, injection of MiRNA-148b inhibitor could reduce ischemic lesion volume and improve neurological function outcome. Collectively, our data suggest that MiRNA-148b suppressed wnt/β-catenin signaling attenuates proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, these findings shed new light on the role of MiRNA-148b in the recovery process during the stroke and contribute to the novel therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Tuanzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Guangzhen Shan
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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Chen L, Wang X, Huang W, Ying T, Chen M, Cao J, Wang M. MicroRNA-137 and its downstream target LSD1 inversely regulate anesthetics-induced neurotoxicity in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res Bull 2017; 135:1-7. [PMID: 28899795 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anesthetic reagents, such as bupivacaine (Bv), induce significant neurotoxicity in dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGNs). In this study, we investigated the expression, function and cross-association of microRNA-137-3p (miR-137-3p) and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) in a murine model of Bv-induced neural injury in DRGNs. METHODS Murine DRGNs were culture in vitro and treated with Bv. QPCR was used to evaluate miR-137-3p expression in Bv-injured DRGNs. MiR-137-3p was genetically downregulated to evaluate its rescuing effect on Bv-induced DRGN apoptosis and neurite retraction. The association of miR-137-3p on its downstream target, LSD1 coding gene KDM1A, was evaluated by dual-luciferase activity assay and qPCR. In miR-137-3p-downregulated DRGNs, KDM1A was inhibited to evaluate its involvement in miR-137-3p-mediated modulation on Bv-induced DRGN neurotoxicity. Furthermore, KDM1A expression in Bv-injured DRGN was evaluated by qPCR, and LSD1 was overexpressed in DRGN to evaluate its direct effect on Bv-induced neurotoxicity. RESULTS MiR-137-3p was upregulated in Bv-injured DRGNs. MiR-137-3p downregulation rescued Bv-induced DRGN apoptosis and neurite retraction. LSD1 was demonstrated to be downstream to, and inversely modulated by miR-137-3p in DRGN. In Bv-injured DRGNs, LSD1 downregulation reversed miR-137-3p-downregualtion-induced neural protection. Furthermore, LSD1 upregulation directly rescued Bv-induced apoptosis and neurite retraction in DRGNs. CONCLUSIONS MiR-137-3p and its downstream target LSD1 are inversely associated to regulate anesthetics-induced neurotoxicity in DRGN. This signaling pathway may be a therapeutic candidate to reduce anesthetics-induced neurological damage in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Wenguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Tingting Ying
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Minjuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Jianbin Cao
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Mingcang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China.
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Shi Z, Zhou H, Lu L, Li X, Fu Z, Liu J, Kang Y, Wei Z, Pan B, Liu L, Kong X, Feng S. The roles of microRNAs in spinal cord injury. Int J Neurosci 2017; 127:1104-1115. [PMID: 28436759 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1323208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongju Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Key Laboratory of Immuno Microenvironment and Disease of the Educational Ministry of China, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Fu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- 221 Laboratory, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Li XM, Yang Q, Li XB, Cheng Q, Zhang K, Han J, Zhao JN, Liu G, Zhao MG. Estrogen-like neuroprotection of isopsoralen against spinal cord injury through estrogen receptor ERα. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:259-265. [PMID: 27670769 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Isopsoralen is a type of furocoumarin that exhibits estrogen-like activities. The aim of this study was to determine the estrogen-like neuroprotection of isopsoralen in an animal model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Results indicated that isopsoralen (intraperitoneal injection of 5 and 10 mg/kg per day for two weeks) significantly enhanced the hindlimb locomotor functions of mice with SCI, as revealed in the BMS score and angle of inclined plane tests. Morphological data showed that isopsoralen significantly attenuated the injury of the gray matter of spinal cord and induced the up-regulation of ERα levels. The neuroprotective effects of isopsolaren were blocked by the ERα antagonist MPP (0.3 mg/kg), but not by the ERβ receptor antagonist PHTPP (0.3 mg/kg). Isopsolaren treatment increased phosphorylated PI3K and AKT (P-PI3K and P-AKT) in the spinal cord of SCI mice and showed a significant anti-apoptotic activity. These results suggest that isopsoralen performs estrogen-like neuroprotection against SCI-induced apoptosis by activating ERα and regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xu-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Ming-Gao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Sun GD, Chen Y, Zhou ZG, Yang SX, Zhong C, Li ZZ. A progressive compression model of thoracic spinal cord injury in mice: function assessment and pathological changes in spinal cord. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1365-1374. [PMID: 28966654 PMCID: PMC5607834 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.213693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic injury accounts for approximately half of clinical spinal cord injury, including chronic spinal cord compression. However, previous rodent spinal cord compression models are mainly designed for rats, few are available for mice. Our aim is to develop a thoracic progressive compression mice model of spinal cord injury. In this study, adult wild-type C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: in the surgery group, a screw was inserted at T9 lamina to compress the spinal cord, and the compression was increased by turning it further into the canal (0.2 mm) post-surgery every 2 weeks up to 8 weeks. In the control group, a hole was drilled into the lamina without inserting a screw. The results showed that Basso Mouse Scale scores were lower and gait worsened. In addition, the degree of hindlimb dysfunction in mice was consistent with the degree of spinal cord compression. The number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was reduced in all groups of mice, whereas astrocytes and microglia were gradually activated and proliferated. In conclusion, this progressive compression of thoracic spinal cord injury in mice is a preferable model for chronic progressive spinal cord compression injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Xian Yang
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Heyuan People's Hospital (Heyuan Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University), Heyuan, Guangdong Province, China
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14
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Cao Y, Wu TD, Wu H, Lang Y, Li DZ, Ni SF, Lu HB, Hu JZ. Synchrotron radiation micro-CT as a novel tool to evaluate the effect of agomir-210 in a rat spinal cord injury model. Brain Res 2016; 1655:55-65. [PMID: 27847197 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) was initially reported to be associated with hypoxia and plays a vital role in modulating angiogenesis. However, the potential effect and underlying mechanisms of miR-210 activity in rat spinal cord injury (SCI) have not yet been fully illuminated. In the present study, differential microRNA expression after SCI was determined by Microarray analysis. To explore the effect of miR-210 after SCI, we intrathecally injected agomir-210 with Alzet Osmotic Pumps to up-regulated the endogenous miR-210 expression. Then, synchrotron radiation micro-CT (SRμCT) imaging was used to investigate the effect of agomir-210 in rat SCI model. We found that the endogenous miR-210 expression could be up-regulated by intrathecal agomir-210 injection. The administration of agomir-210 significantly promoted angiogenesis, as evidenced by increased vessel number and volume detected by SRμCT, attenuated the lesion size and improved functional recovery after SCI. Additionally, agomir-210 attenuated cellular apoptosis and inflammation in the injured rat spinal cord. Expression levels of pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were significantly decreased after agomir-210 treatment, whereas expression levels of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) proteins were up-regulated. In conclusion, our results indicated that SRμCT is a powerful imaging tool to evaluate the effects of angiogenesis after agomir-210 administration in rat SCI model. The up-regulation of endogenous miR-210 expression following agomir-210 administration promoted angiogenesis and anti-apoptotic protein expression, and attenuated inflammation. MiR-210 played a positive role in neurological functional recovery and could be a potential new therapeutic target for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Tian-Ding Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Ye Lang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Dong-Zhe Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Shuang-Fei Ni
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Hong-Bin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
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15
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Extrinsic and Intrinsic Regulation of Axon Regeneration by MicroRNAs after Spinal Cord Injury. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:1279051. [PMID: 27818801 PMCID: PMC5081430 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1279051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a devastating disease which disrupts the connections between the brain and spinal cord, often resulting in the loss of sensory and motor function below the lesion site. Most injured neurons fail to regenerate in the central nervous system after injury. Multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to the general failure of axonal regeneration after injury. MicroRNAs can modulate multiple genes' expression and are tightly controlled during nerve development or the injury process. Evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs and their signaling pathways play important roles in mediating axon regeneration and glial scar formation after spinal cord injury. This article reviews the role and mechanism of differentially expressed microRNAs in regulating axon regeneration and glial scar formation after spinal cord injury, as well as their therapeutic potential for promoting axonal regeneration and repair of the injured spinal cord.
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16
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of the literature for clinical and preclinical evidence related to timing of decompression following spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVE A review of the literature in search of consensus on what constitutes the ideal time frame for surgical management of SCI. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Optimal timing for surgical management of SCI remains poorly defined. Despite multiple preclinical and clinical studies, there is still lack of consensus on the optimal time for surgery in SCI. METHODS We systematically reviewed the literature for clinical and preclinical evidence related to timing of decompression following SCI. For clinical studies, our review included papers published in English after January 1, 1990. For preclinical studies, we limited our review to papers published after January 2001. The OVID-Medline and Web of Science databases were reviewed for preclinical studies, and the OVID-Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases were reviewed for clinical studies. RESULTS A total of 8792 preclinical articles were identified. Of those, only 14 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. A total of 25,190 clinical articles were identified. Of those, only 30 studies met our inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Clinical studies reported on a total of 5236 patients, of whom 1665 underwent early decompression and 3571 underwent late decompression. There was significant variability in the definition of early and late decompression in both clinical and preclinical studies. Preclinical data were in favor of early decompression. From a clinical standpoint, there was only level II evidence proving safety and feasibility of early decompression with no definite evidence of improved outcome for any of the two groups. CONCLUSION There is growing evidence in favor of early decompression following SCI. Early decompression was proven to be clinically safe and feasible, but there is still no definite proof that early decompression leads to improved outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5.
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Anderson KK, Tetreault L, Shamji MF, Singh A, Vukas RR, Harrop JS, Fehlings MG, Vaccaro AR, Hilibrand AS, Arnold PM. Optimal Timing of Surgical Decompression for Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Neurosurgery 2016; 77 Suppl 4:S15-32. [PMID: 26378353 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic central cord syndrome (TCCS) is an incomplete spinal cord injury defined by greater weakness in upper versus lower extremities, variable sensory loss, and variable bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction. The optimal timing of surgery for TCCS remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To determine whether timing of surgery for TCCS predicts neurological outcomes, length of stay, and complications. METHODS Five databases were searched through March 2015. Articles were appraised independently by 2 reviewers, and the evidence synthesized according to Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation principles. RESULTS Nine studies (3 prognostic, 5 therapeutic, 1 both) satisfied inclusion criteria. Low level evidence suggests that patients operated on <24 hours after injury exhibit significantly greater improvements in postoperative American Spinal Injury Association motor scores and the functional independence measure at 1 year than those operated on >24 hours after injury. Moderate evidence suggests that patients operated on <2 weeks after injury have a higher postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and recovery rate than those operated on >2 weeks after injury. There is insufficient evidence that lengths of hospital or intensive care unit stay differ between patients who undergo early versus delayed surgery. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence that timing between injury and surgery predicts mortality rates or serious or minor adverse events. CONCLUSION Surgery for TCCS <24 hours after injury appears safe and effective. Although there is insufficient evidence to provide a clear recommendation for early surgery (<24 hours), it is preferable to operate during the first hospital admission and <2 weeks after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Anderson
- *University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Kansas City, Kansas; ‡University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; §Toronto Western Hospital, Techna Research Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ‖Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ¶University of Kansas Medical Center, A.R. Dykes Library of the Health Sciences, Kansas City, Kansas; #Departments of Neurological and Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; **University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ‡‡Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Wang Y, Ni H, Zhang W, Wang X, Zhang H. Downregulation of miR-210 protected bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity in dorsal root ganglion. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:1057-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Wang J, Hu B, Cao F, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhu Q. Down regulation of lncSCIR1 after spinal cord contusion injury in rat. Brain Res 2015; 1624:314-320. [PMID: 26254726 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extensive changes occur at transcriptional level after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we performed a large scale screening of expression changes of long (>200 nt) RNA transcripts including both coding and non-coding RNA species in a rat contusion SCI model. We validated significant down-regulation of one long non-coding RNA (lncSCIR1) at 1, 4, and 7 days postinjury. lncSCIR1 knockdown promoted astrocyte proliferation and migration in vitro. We further validated the strong association between lncSCIR1 knock down and the expression changes of four mRNAs after injury. Our data indicated that lncSCIR1 down-regulation might play a detrimental role in the pathophysiology of traumatic SCI and thereby provided new insights into the studies of potential therapeutic targets for traumatic central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Deparment of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Deparment of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shenggang Sun
- Deparment of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yunjian Zhang
- Deparment of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Deparment of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Quinzaños-Fresnedo J, Sahagún-Olmos RC. [Micro RNA and its role in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury - a further step towards neuroregenerative medicine]. CIR CIR 2015; 83:442-7. [PMID: 26162489 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, the secondary biological processes involving changes in gene expression become more important day a day. Within these changes, the expression of different microRNAs has been involved in some of the pathophysiological processes of spinal cord injury. There are several studies that describe the transient expression of microRNA in spinal cord injury, some of them related to inflammation and apoptosis and others to functional recovery and regeneration. MicroRNA may be a potential target for the treatment of spinal cord injury, modifying the processes of inflammation, oxidation, apoptosis, functional recovery and regeneration. It is necessary to continue the study of microRNAs in spinal cord injury, as well as the identification of their target genes and signaling mechanisms involved in its neurological effects. With this, the ultimate goal is the development of effective and safe therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for patients with spinal cord injury.
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Li XQ, Lv HW, Wang ZL, Tan WF, Fang B, Ma H. MiR-27a ameliorates inflammatory damage to the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord ischemia: reperfusion injury in rats by downregulating TICAM-2 of the TLR4 signaling pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:25. [PMID: 25876455 PMCID: PMC4336736 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury causes inflammation and subsequently increases blood-spinal cord barrier leakage and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway activation. MicroRNAs (miRs) effectively regulate numerous target mRNAs during ischemia. However, their roles during IR injury are poorly understood. We investigated miRs involvement, particularly miR-27a, in TLR4 pathway-mediated inflammatory responses after IR. Method We used a genomics approach to examine changed miRs of rats that had undergone 14 minutes of ischemia, followed by 24 or 72 hours of reperfusion. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to identify and confirm the miRs involved in regulating TLR4 pathway activation. We scanned miR databases for potential miR targets and confirmed these targets by quantitative RT-PCR. The miR mimic and anti-miR oligonucleotides (AMOs) were intrathecally injected at 12-hour intervals beginning three days before the ischemia. The effects of miRs on the TLR4 pathway and downstream cytokines were analyzed by PCR, western blotting, and ELISA. Double immunofluorescence staining was perfumed to determine the relationship between the targets and TLR4. Blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability was examined using Evans blue (EB) dye. Results A microarray analysis revealed that at 24 hours post-injury, three miRs were upregulated (>2.0 fold) and 15 miRs were downregulated (<0.5 fold), and at 72 hours, four miRs were upregulated and 14 were downregulated compared to their levels in sham-operated controls. We focused on miR-27a, which is predicted to contain sequences complementary to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of Toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 2 (TICAM-2). Double immunostaining indicated that TLR4 activation correlated with changes in TICAM-2 expression. Compared to the rats in the IR and negative control groups, intrathecal infusion of the miR-27a mimic attenuated IR-induced TLR4 activation and inflammatory damage to the BSCB, which was shown as decreased EB extravasation and lower levels of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and lnterleukin (IL)-1β at 24 and 72 hours after reperfusion, whereas pretreatment with miR-27a AMO aggravated these injuries. Conclusions We present the first evidence that miRs play an important role in spinal cord IR injury. We identified TICAM-2 as a novel target of miR-27a. miR-27a upregulation attenuates IR-induced inflammatory damage to the BSCB by negatively regulating TICAM-2 of the TLR4 signaling pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB/IL-1β pathway. These results provide new therapeutic targets for IR injury treatment.
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Argonaute CLIP-Seq reveals miRNA targetome diversity across tissue types. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5947. [PMID: 25103560 PMCID: PMC4894423 DOI: 10.1038/srep05947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, analyses of individual targets have provided evidence of a miRNA targetome that extends beyond the boundaries of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and can involve non-Watson-Crick base pairing in the miRNA seed region. Here we report our findings from analyzing 34 Argonaute HITS-CLIP datasets from several human and mouse cell types. Investigation of the architectural (i.e. bulge vs. contiguous pairs) and sequence (Watson-Crick vs. G:U pairs) preferences for human and mouse miRNAs revealed that many heteroduplexes are “non-canonical” i.e. their seed region comprises G:U and bulge combinations. The genomic distribution of miRNA targets differed distinctly across cell types but remained congruent across biological replicates of the same cell type. For some cell types intergenic and intronic targets were more frequent whereas in other cell types mRNA targets prevailed. The findings suggest an expanded model of miRNA targeting that is more frequent than the standard model currently in use. Lastly, our analyses of data from different cell types and laboratories revealed consistent Ago-loaded miRNA profiles across replicates whereas, unexpectedly, the Ago-loaded targets exhibited a much more dynamic behavior across biological replicates.
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Nieto-Diaz M, Esteban FJ, Reigada D, Muñoz-Galdeano T, Yunta M, Caballero-López M, Navarro-Ruiz R, Del Águila A, Maza RM. MicroRNA dysregulation in spinal cord injury: causes, consequences and therapeutics. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:53. [PMID: 24701199 PMCID: PMC3934005 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trauma to the spinal cord causes permanent disability to more than 180,000 people every year worldwide. The initial mechanical damage triggers a complex set of secondary events involving the neural, vascular, and immune systems that largely determine the functional outcome of the spinal cord injury (SCI). Cellular and biochemical mechanisms responsible for this secondary injury largely depend on activation and inactivation of specific gene programs. Recent studies indicate that microRNAs function as gene expression switches in key processes of the SCI. Microarray data from rodent contusion models reveal that SCI induces changes in the global microRNA expression patterns. Variations in microRNA abundance largely result from alterations in the expression of the cells at the damaged spinal cord. However, microRNA expression levels after SCI are also influenced by the infiltration of immune cells to the injury site and the death and migration of specific neural cells after injury. Evidences on the role of microRNAs in the SCI pathophysiology have come from different sources. Bioinformatic analysis of microarray data has been used to identify specific variations in microRNA expression underlying transcriptional changes in target genes, which are involved in key processes in the SCI. Direct evidences on the role of microRNAs in SCI are scarcer, although recent studies have identified several microRNAs (miR-21, miR-486, miR-20) involved in key mechanisms of the SCI such as cell death or astrogliosis, among others. From a clinical perspective, different evidences make clear that microRNAs can be potent therapeutic tools to manipulate cell state and molecular processes in order to enhance functional recovery. The present article reviews the actual knowledge on how injury affects microRNA expression and the meaning of these changes in the SCI pathophysiology, to finally explore the clinical potential of microRNAs in the SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nieto-Diaz
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisco J Esteban
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud, Universidad de Jaén Jaén, Spain
| | - David Reigada
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Teresa Muñoz-Galdeano
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Mónica Yunta
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain ; Unidad de Patología Mitocondrial, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Caballero-López
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosa Navarro-Ruiz
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Angela Del Águila
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
| | - Rodrigo M Maza
- Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha) Toledo, Spain
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