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Maroun PS, Gomes R, Silva AD. Breast cancer cultural representations: a scoping review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e11002023. [PMID: 38896678 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024296.11002023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This article aims to map the global scientific production on social or cultural representations and breast cancer in Public Health and discuss how it is presented in the literature. We conducted a scoping review guided by the question: "How are cultural or social representations in the context of breast cancer described in the global scientific Public Health production?". We searched for works in five scientific literature sources and included 45 studies. The analytical process followed the content analysis technique in the thematic modality. The analyzed collection can be thematized into the following categories: (1) Compromised body image and interactions, (2) Spirituality, (3) Loss of control over life, (4) Going on with life, and (5) Association with ethnic-racial issues. Despite advances in biomedicine, we observed that representations of breast cancer still have metaphors associated with cancer in the last century. We conclude that, among other aspects, care for women with breast cancer cannot be guided only by biomedical and epidemiological approaches since this disease is traversed by knowledge that competes with these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Senise Maroun
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer. R. Visconde de Santa Isabel até 275/276, Vila Isabel. 20560-120 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Romeu Gomes
- Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Adriano da Silva
- Departamento de Estudos sobre Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fiocruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
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Alkhaifi S, Padela AI. "I'm not Alone; He will be There for Me": A Mixed-Method Approach Exploring the Impact of Spousal Support on Mammogram Utilization and Health Beliefs. J Immigr Minor Health 2024; 26:257-267. [PMID: 37902903 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Regular mammogram screenings are effective for early breast cancer (BC) detection and decreased mortality rate. However, immigrant Muslim Arab women (IMAW) are less likely to adhere to these screenings although the rate of BC among IMAW is high. Recent studies have explored low mammogram screening rates among immigrant Muslim and/or Arab women from a limited perspective, overlooking the fact that husbands have an influence in IMAW's health behaviors toward cancer screenings. Thus, this mixed-method approaches were employed to (a) explore the association between spousal support and IMAW's health beliefs toward mammograms and their utilization, (b) to understand IMAW's experiences of spousal influence related to their mammogram use and health beliefs. The quantitative portion of the study, recruitment and data collection were conducted via online surveys in Arabic and English. Logistic regressions were used to explore relationships between perceived spousal support and IMAW's mammogram utilization and health beliefs. The qualitative portion of the study was conducted on a purposive sample of IMAW. A semi-structured interview guide in Arabic and English was used during one-on-one interviews. Arabic interviews were translated into English and transcribed by professionals. Interviews were analyzed by thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke (2008). A total of 184 IMAW completed the survey with mean age of 50.4 (SD = 5.58, range = 45-60). Results revealed low mammogram screening rate among IMAW. Only 32.6% adhered to mammograms. Spousal support was positively associated with ever having obtained a mammogram and IMAW's adherence to mammogram. The 20 qualitative interviews, 16 in Arabic and four in English, produced rich description supporting results from the survey which includes, (a) types of spousal support, (b) impact of spousal support on participants' mammogram utilization and experience, and (3) impact of spousal support on participants' health beliefs toward mammograms. Findings from surveys and interviews show that a husband's support is positively associated with IMAW's mammogram utilization and health beliefs. Suggesting a new approach to integrate husbands in culturally appropriate interventions to increase mammogram screening rates among IMAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alkhaifi
- School of Nursing, Department of Maternity and Childhood Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Initiative on Islam and Medicine, Brookfield, WI, USA.
| | - Aasim I Padela
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, US
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Davidson CA, Booth R, Jackson KT, Mantler T. Toxic Relationships Described by People With Breast Cancer on Reddit: Topic Modeling Study. JMIR Cancer 2024; 10:e48860. [PMID: 38393769 PMCID: PMC10924256 DOI: 10.2196/48860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support is essential to promoting optimal health outcomes for women with breast cancer. However, an estimated 12% of women with breast cancer simultaneously experience intimate partner violence (IPV; physical, psychological, or sexual abuse by an intimate partner). Women who experience IPV during breast cancer may lack traditional social support, and thus seek out alternative sources of support. Online community forums, such as Reddit, can provide accessible social connections within breast cancer-specific communities. However, it is largely unknown how women with breast cancer use Reddit to describe and seek support for experiences of IPV. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore how patients with breast cancer describe toxic relationships with their partners and immediate family members on Reddit. METHODS This exploratory, cross-sectional, topic-modeling study analyzed textual data from 96 users in the r/breastcancer subreddit in February 2023. The meaning extraction method, inclusive of principal component analysis, was used to identify underlying components. Components were subjected to sentiment analysis and summative content analysis with emergent categorical development to articulate themes. RESULTS Seven themes emerged related to toxic relationships: (1) contextualizing storytelling with lymph nodes, (2) toxic behavior and venting emotions, (3) abandonment and abuse following diagnosis, (4) toxic relationships and social-related fears, (5) inner strength and navigating breast cancer over time, (6) assessing social relationships and interactions, and (7) community advice and support. Toxic relationships were commonly characterized by isolation, abandonment, and emotional abuse, which had profound emotional consequences for patients. Reddit facilitated anonymous venting about toxic relationships that helped patients cope with intense feelings and stress. Exchanging advice and support about navigating toxic relationships during breast cancer were core functions of the r/breastcancer community. CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasized the value of Reddit as a source of social support for patients with breast cancer experiencing toxic relationships. Clinicians who understand that many patients with breast cancer experience toxic relationships and considerable psychological sequelae are better prepared to support their patients' holistic well-being. Further investigation of Reddit as a possible resource for advice, information, and support has the potential to help inform clinical practice and subsequently, patient health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Anne Davidson
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberley Teresa Jackson
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Mantler
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Elbarazi I, Aziz F, Ahmed LA, Abdullahi AS, Al-Maskari F. Cancer Health Literacy and Its Correlated Factors in the United Arab Emirates-A Cross Sectional Study. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241248032. [PMID: 38717601 PMCID: PMC11146015 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241248032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer Health literacy (CHL) is the health literacy related to cancer knowledge, prevention, treatment, screening, and access to services. It is an important indicator of people's adherence to screening and preventive measures, which helps to reduce the incidence and prevalence of cancer. The study assessed the CHL level and its association with relevant socio-demographic characteristics and sources of information among primary health care patients and visitors in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHODS A cross-sectional study recruited survey participants who consented to respond to an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The assessment of CHL was done by using 15 questions. CHL level was measured as a median score and also categorized as poor/inadequate, moderate, good/excellent. Nominal logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between CHL categories and participants' sociodemographic characteristics and CHL sources of information. RESULTS Of the total 492 participants, 45.5% were young adults (30-39 years old), 32.9% were males, and 70.8% were UAE nationals. The overall median CHL score was 8.0 (IQR = 5.0-10). 33.7% of the participants had a poor/inadequate level of CHL, 49.6% had a moderate level and 16.7% had a good to excellent level of CHL. 76.9% of the participants knew the importance of early cancer screening tests, 72.7% acknowledged the metastatic capacity of cancer, and the protective factors of cancer, especially, in colon cancer (71.7%). A high proportion of participants received health information about cancer via the internet (50.7%), television (45.3%), social media (40.2%), and doctors (43.6%). Nationality other than UAE (aOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.03-2.56, P = .038), having university education (aOR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.21-3.99, P = .010) compared to those with lower than high school, and having a family history of cancer (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.33-4.41, P = .004) were positively associated with CHL. Older age (aOR = .36, 95% CI = .17-.75, P = .007 for 50-59 years, and aOR = .29, 95% CI = .11-.82, P = .019) for 60-69 years, higher-income (aOR = .57, 95% CI = .33-.99, P = .047 for 10,000-19,999 AED; aOR = .53, 95% CI = .33-.88, P = .013 for ≥20,000) compared with those earning <10,000 AED were negatively associated with CHL. CONCLUSIONS CHL among the resident UAE population was moderately adequate, therefore implementation of awareness campaigns seems to be warranted. Moreover, evaluation research targeting the CHL impact on cancer prevention practices and screening is also advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal Aziz
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Luai A. Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aminu S. Abdullahi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Al-Mousa DS, Spuur K, Attar R, Kleib I, Alakhras M. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to breast cancer screening among female Jordanian university employees: A cross-sectional study. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:258-264. [PMID: 38035443 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To improve participation in breast screening programs, the level of knowledge about BC, attitudes, and practices of women in different sections of society must be understood. This study aimed to measure the level of knowledge of BC risk factors, signs and symptoms and determine current mammography practices among female employees at Jordanian universities. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on female employees at Jordanian government universities. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that included: sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of BC risk factors, knowledge of BC symptoms and knowledge, attitude and practice of mammography as an early detection method. RESULTS A total of 362 participants completed the questionnaire. Overall, 174 scored ≥50% correct answers regarding BC risk factors, while 231 scored ≥50% correct answers regarding BC signs and symptoms. Half of the participants (n = 184, 50.8%) understood mammography to be an early BC detection method. Among those participants, 95 (51.6%) were eligible for screening and 39 (21.2%) had had a previous mammogram. The main reason for not engaging in mammography was the absence of BC signs and symptoms (37.2%). Profession, educational level and family history of BC were associated with increased knowledge of BC risk factors, signs and symptoms (p = 0.01). Lecturers in medical faculties exhibited the highest level of knowledge about mammography compared to participants in other professions (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Only 79 participants had good to excellent knowledge about BC. Participants' profession was the major indicator for awareness of BC and mammography as an early detection method. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The findings of this study reinforce the importance of providing BC educational programs for university employees in Jordan to increase awareness of BC and mammography.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Al-Mousa
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - K Spuur
- School of Dentistry & Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
| | - R Attar
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - I Kleib
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - M Alakhras
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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Ramezankhani A, Akbari ME, Soori H, Ghobadi K, Hosseini F. The Role of the Health Belief Model in Explaining Why Symptomatic Iranian Women Hesitate to Seek Early Screening for Breast Cancer: a Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:1577-1583. [PMID: 37115346 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of breast cancer (BC) is important to increase the likelihood of treatment and improve the quality of life and survival. The study explored why symptomatic women linger to seek early screening for BC diagnosis based on the health belief model (HBM). In this qualitative study, 20 participants were selected using the purposive sampling method (9 health professionals and 11 female patients BC). Data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured interviews in 2019. Transcribed interview data were analyzed using the directed content analysis informed by HBM. According to the participants' experiences, although most patients comprehended the extent of the disease, they did not see themselves at risk of BC. Some were not adequately aware of the benefits of early diagnosis and did not have the self-efficacy required for early presentation. The main barriers to the early presentation included lack of awareness, financial problems, embarrassment over the clinical examination, and inadequate access to specialized centers. According to HBM, while designing and implementing educational programs, it is recommended to focus on reinforcing perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived self-efficacy, providing access to facilities, and removing possible barriers and cultural issues to encourage women for timely referral for BC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ramezankhani
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Soori
- A Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamel Ghobadi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Khan S, Jalees S, Jabeen Z, Khan M, Qadri RH, Adnan H, Khan BS, Khan AH. Myths and Misconceptions of Breast Cancer in the Pakistani Population. Cureus 2023; 15:e40086. [PMID: 37425603 PMCID: PMC10327610 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in the female population. The cultural diversity, religious beliefs, myths, and misinformation regarding the disease contribute to diagnostic delays and enhanced burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to ascertain the extent of knowledge and prevalence of erroneous beliefs and misconceptions regarding breast cancer among Pakistani women belonging to diverse socioeconomic and educational backgrounds. Methodology This cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 350 women were enrolled in the study as a representative female population, and 300 participants were included who met the inclusion criteria. Participants were conveniently interviewed using a pre-piloted questionnaire designed to assess the prevalent myths and misconceptions about breast cancer. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) using descriptive statistics. Results The study findings point to a significant prevalence of erroneous beliefs and a lack of accurate information on breast cancer. The mean age of the participants was 20.8 ± 10.4 years. The majority of the participants belonged to a middle socioeconomic status (70%) and were undergraduates (61.4%). The participants' friends and family members were the most frequent sources of information regarding breast cancer. The most common myth was "breast-feeding offers immunity to breast cancer completely" (76.6%), followed by "breast cancer spreads after biopsy" (63.8%). Participants also believed that breast tissue biopsy can lead to the spread of cancer (63.4%) and that faith healers and alternative medicine can cure breast cancer (47.5%). One-third (33.3%) of the participants considered all lumps to be breast cancer; however, approximately half (41.6%) of the participants thought that only painful lumps were associated with breast cancer. A significant number of participants believed breast cancer to be a result of God's curse (31.4%) or evil eye (38.7%). Conclusions The findings suggest a critical need for community-based breast health education initiatives that take into account Pakistani women's distinctive cultural and societal attitudes and work to dispel common misconceptions about the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulhera Khan
- Dermatology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sumeen Jalees
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Zohra Jabeen
- Community Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Marium Khan
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Rafia H Qadri
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Haneya Adnan
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Bareerah S Khan
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Amir H Khan
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
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Elbarazi I, Alam Z, Abdullahi AS, Al Alawi S, AlKhanbashi M, Rabaa A, Al Aryani A, Ahmed L, Al-Maskari F. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Women in the UAE Towards Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231211459. [PMID: 37950611 PMCID: PMC10640807 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231211459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast and cervical cancers represent two important causes of cancer-associated deaths in females. Uptake in prevention towards these cancers remains low in the United Arab Emirates. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitudes and practices of females residing in the Al Ain city, UAE, towards cervical and breast cancer prevention. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted with 300 women, aged 30 years and above. The primary outcome measure was cervical and breast cancer prevention knowledge. The knowledge was queried through a number of items, with the resulting aggregate scores categorized into good and low knowledge. Chi-square test was conducted to investigate the association between prevention knowledge and sociodemographic factors. Additional outcomes included attitude towards and uptake of cervical and breast cancer screening. RESULTS Of the participants surveyed, 36.7% had good knowledge on breast cancer prevention, while 5.3% on cervical cancer prevention. Although the majority of the participants believed that prevention methods could save lives, they reported negative attitudes, considering screening unnecessary and painful. The self-reported screening uptake was 23% and 31.3% for mammography and Pap smear, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study reported that the knowledge and uptake of women was low for both breast and cervical cancer prevention. Targeted campaigns not only to increase knowledge but also to resolve misconceptions to change negative attitudes may lead to an increase in uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zufishan Alam
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aminu S Abdullahi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shamma Al Alawi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manal AlKhanbashi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asma Rabaa
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aysha Al Aryani
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luai Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Al-Shamsi HO, Abdelwahed N, Al-Awadhi A, Albashir M, Abyad AM, Rafii S, Afrit M, Al Lababidi B, Abu-Gheida I, Sonawane YP, Nijhawan NA, Haq UU, Dreier N, Joshua TLA, Iqbal F, Yacoub T, Nawaz FA, Abdul Jabbar D, Tirmazy SH, El-Shourbagy DM, Hamza D, Omara M, Al Madhi SAS, Ghazal H, Darr H, Oner M, Vlamaki Z, El Kinge AR, Ramanathan D, Judah M, Almahmeed T, Ahmad M, Jonnada SB, Almansoori N, Razek AA, Al-Hamadi A, Balalaa N, Jamali F, Singarachari RA, Labban A, Das K, Luiten EJT, Abdelgawad T, Al-Khatib F, Alrawi S, Jaafar H. Breast Cancer in the United Arab Emirates. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2200247. [PMID: 36608306 PMCID: PMC10166434 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Innovation and Research Center, Burjeel Cancer Institute, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadia Abdelwahed
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Innovation and Research Center, Burjeel Cancer Institute, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Amin M Abyad
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Rafii
- Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Oncology, Saudi German Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehdi Afrit
- Burjeel Specialty Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Ibrahim Abu-Gheida
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Urfan Ul Haq
- Burjeel Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Faryal Iqbal
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Innovation and Research Center, Burjeel Cancer Institute, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tamer Yacoub
- Burjeel Royal Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal A Nawaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Al Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Dina Hamza
- Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Humaa Darr
- Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Zoi Vlamaki
- Burjeel Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aly A Razek
- Gulf International Cancer Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Nahed Balalaa
- Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faek Jamali
- Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City in partnership with Mayo Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Kaltar Das
- Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest J T Luiten
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Sadir Alrawi
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan Jaafar
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Racine L, D'Souza MS, Tinampay C. Effectiveness of breast cancer screening interventions in improving screening rates and preventive activities in Muslim refugee and immigrant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:329-344. [PMID: 36199240 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically assess the effectiveness of breast cancer (BC) interventions in improving breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE), mammogram screening rates, and preventive activities in Muslim refugee and immigrant women. DESIGN Guided by the Health Belief Model, a mixed method systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using a sequential design. METHODS This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA), the Critical Appraisal Skill Program Checklists, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic search of English-language peer-reviewed articles was undertaken in multiple health and social sciences databases from January 1, 2015, to March 31, 2022. Randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies focused on the uptake of BSE, CBE, and mammograms were selected. RESULTS Fourteen articles were included in the review. Most of the studies relied on quasi-experimental designs and were carried out in the United States of America. The qualitative analysis of BC screening interventions generated three themes: (1) education, (2) access-focused, and (3) cultural and faith-based. The meta-analysis included three randomized control trials and two quasi-experimental studies. The meta-analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of community-led cultural and faith-based interventions in facilitating the completion of CBE and mammography screening. Education on BC and patient navigator interventions are more effectively used in conjunction than standalone interventions, yet community-based cultural and faith-based interventions are the most effective. CONCLUSION This systematic and meta-analysis review provides evidence on the effectiveness of access-focused and cultural and faith-based interventions in improving BC screening in Muslim refugee and immigrant women. Future research should focus on designing and measuring the effectiveness of cultural and faith-based interventions to increase Muslim refugee and immigrant women's BC screening knowledge and practices. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This systematic and meta-analysis review demonstrates the need to explore Muslim refugee and immigrant women's cultural contexts for developing culturally sensitive BC screening interventions. Knowledge and practice of BC and religiosity intersect with financial, geographic, and linguistic barriers to decrease participation in screening and preventive activities in Muslim refugee and immigrant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Racine
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Melba Sheila D'Souza
- School of Nursing, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cindy Tinampay
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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11
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Moey SF, Sowtali SN, Mohamad Ismail MF, Hashi AA, Mohd Azharuddin NS, Che Mohamed N. Cultural, Religious and Socio-Ethical Misconceptions among Muslim Women towards Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022. [PMID: 36579977 DOI: 10.3157/apjcp.2022.23.12.3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. With an estimated 685,000 deaths, female breast cancer was the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, accounting for 6.9% of all cancer deaths. Previous studies have shown that late detection and delayed diagnosis are associated with advanced-stage breast cancer and poor survival. Factors contributing to non-adherence to breast cancer screening among women were elicited from previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the Muslim community, particularly Muslim women. As such, this systematic review aims to fill this gap by collecting information from studies conducted globally over the past ten years that examined cultural, religious and socio-ethical misconceptions about breast cancer screening among Muslim women. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, literature searches were conducted systematically through various databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Oxford Academic Journals. Article identification, screening steps and eligibility measures were meticulously performed throughout the review. RESULTS A total of 22 papers were appraised and included in this review. Five main themes were generated which were socio-ethical misconceptions, cultural and religious beliefs, cultural and religious barriers, stigmatization and fear of breast cancer impact. Eight sub-themes and 14 sub sub-themes were further elicited from the main themes. CONCLUSION Muslim women have socio-ethical, cultural and religious misconceptions on what constitutes health and practices as well as on the nature and etiology of BC. Cultural barriers and religious values of Muslim women were indicated to influence their health behaviors such as upholding their modesty when choosing health interventions. BC stigma and fear were also found to be key sources of psychological distress that discouraged Muslim women from undergoing BC screening. The study suggests the implementation of holistic effort in educating Muslim women to increase BC screening rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Foon Moey
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia
| | - Siti Noorkhairina Sowtali
- Department of Professional Nursing Studies, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Nur Syamimi Mohd Azharuddin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia
| | - Norfariha Che Mohamed
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia
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12
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Moey SF, Sowtali SN, Ismail MFM, Hashi AA, Azharuddin NSM, Mohamed NC. Cultural, Religious and Socio-Ethical Misconceptions among Muslim Women towards Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3971-3982. [PMID: 36579977 PMCID: PMC9971473 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. With an estimated 685,000 deaths, female breast cancer was the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, accounting for 6.9% of all cancer deaths. Previous studies have shown that late detection and delayed diagnosis are associated with advanced-stage breast cancer and poor survival. Factors contributing to non-adherence to breast cancer screening among women were elicited from previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the Muslim community, particularly Muslim women. As such, this systematic review aims to fill this gap by collecting information from studies conducted globally over the past ten years that examined cultural, religious and socio-ethical misconceptions about breast cancer screening among Muslim women. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, literature searches were conducted systematically through various databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Oxford Academic Journals. Article identification, screening steps and eligibility measures were meticulously performed throughout the review. RESULTS A total of 22 papers were appraised and included in this review. Five main themes were generated which were socio-ethical misconceptions, cultural and religious beliefs, cultural and religious barriers, stigmatization and fear of breast cancer impact. Eight sub-themes and 14 sub sub-themes were further elicited from the main themes. CONCLUSION Muslim women have socio-ethical, cultural and religious misconceptions on what constitutes health and practices as well as on the nature and etiology of BC. Cultural barriers and religious values of Muslim women were indicated to influence their health behaviors such as upholding their modesty when choosing health interventions. BC stigma and fear were also found to be key sources of psychological distress that discouraged Muslim women from undergoing BC screening. The study suggests the implementation of holistic effort in educating Muslim women to increase BC screening rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Foon Moey
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Noorkhairina Sowtali
- Department of Professional Nursing Studies, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University, Malaysia. ,For Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Nur Syamimi Mohd Azharuddin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia.
| | - Norfariha Che Mohamed
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia.
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Abo Al-Shiekh SS, Alajerami YS, Abushab KM, Najim AA, AlWaheidi S, Davies EA. Factors affecting delay in the presentation of breast cancer symptoms among women in Gaza, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061847. [PMID: 36270752 PMCID: PMC9594579 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors related to women's delay in presenting with breast cancer symptoms to improve diagnosis in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt). DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Two government cancer hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A consecutive sample of 130 Palestinian women living in Gaza with newly diagnosed breast cancer were approached in the waiting rooms of cancer hospitals in Gaza between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017. 120 women took part and returned the completed questionnaire. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical information about breast cancer was collected from hospital cancer records. An interval of 3 months or more between women's self-discovery of symptoms and their first presentation to a medical provider was considered as a delay. RESULTS 94% (122/130) of women attending cancer hospitals in Gaza agreed to take part in the study. Their mean age was 51 years (range: 23-72), 33.6% (31/122) had a family history of breast cancer and 74.5% (41/55) of those whose cancer stage was known had been diagnosed at stage III or IV. Around one-half (62/122) said they had not recognised the seriousness of their breast changes but only 20% (24/122) of women delayed seeking healthcare by 3 months and more. The two only factors associated to late presentation were that the woman considered their symptoms not serious (p<0.001) and lack of pain (p=0.012). Lower socioeconomic status, older age, lower education and negative family history of breast cancer were not statistically associated with women's delay. CONCLUSIONS Women's awareness about the seriousness of breast changes and the critical importance of seeking prompt diagnosis needs to be improved using context-relevant and evidence-based awareness campaigns. This should be accompanied with training of female nurses on promoting early detection and improvement in diagnostic facilities to ensure timely diagnosis of cancer in the oPt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khaled M Abushab
- Department of Medical Imaging, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Ahmed A Najim
- Nursing Department, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Elizabeth A Davies
- Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, London, UK
- Knowledge and Intelligence, Public Health England, London, UK
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Momenimovahed Z, Momenimovahed S, Allahqoli L, Salehiniya H. Factors Related to the Delay in Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in the Word: A Systematic Review. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abu Awwad D, Hossain SZ, Mackey M, Brennan P, Adam S. Optimising Awareness and Knowledge of Breast Cancer Screening for Nurses Through Train-the-Trainer Workshops. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:1209-1219. [PMID: 33475957 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nurses play an important role in educating patients on breast cancer and have a positive influence in encouraging women to participate in breast screening. This current study aimed to use a train-the-trainer model to improve the level of knowledge of nurses on breast cancer and screening in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates. The study also focused on the nurses' ability to train other nurses in assisting women to engage in breast screening. This interventional study used a mixed-method design. Seventeen female nurses (aged 28-60 years) were recruited from public and private health centers and participated in a breast cancer train-the-trainer workshop. They completed a survey before and after the workshop. The surveys included a series of open and closed questions to assess their knowledge of breast cancer symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and patient communication. The study found that nurse participants had good baseline knowledge of breast cancer topics, including breast self-examinations, clinical breast examinations, and mammography. Responses were deemed accurate if they answered open-ended questions without incorrect information and correct options were selected in the quantitative sections. However, training improved the detail and accuracy of the participant responses. Training also improved the confidence of nurse participants to teach other women and nurses how to perform breast self-examinations and provide breast cancer information. There were significant increases in nurse participants' knowledge of risk factors (p < 0.001, r = 0.6) and symptoms (p = 0.003, r = 0.5). The nurse participants perceived that health education was the best means of encouraging women to participate in breast screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Abu Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Syeda Zakia Hossain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Discipline of Behavioural and Social Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Martin Mackey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Brennan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shukri Adam
- College of Nursing, Ras Al Khaimah Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
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Hewage SA, Samaraweera S, Joseph N, Kularatna S, Gunawardena N. Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment Delays in Breast Cancer Care and Their Associations in Sri Lanka, a Low-resourced Country. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:598-607. [PMID: 35672184 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Delays in breast cancer care, one important attributable factor for breast cancer being diagnosed at advanced stages, are not systematically studied in many countries. This study assessed the magnitude and factors associated with delays in breast cancer care in Sri Lanka, from symptom detection to treatment initiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We interviewed 800 consecutively sampled female breast cancer patients, diagnosed within the last 12 months, using context-specific questionnaires and medical records. We defined the cut-off times for delays using international guidelines and features of the national health system and care-seeking patterns in the country. Delays were estimated as proportions with 95% confidence intervals and presented for: (i) presentation delay; (ii) diagnosis delay and (iii) treatment delay. We looked at how sociodemographic and healthcare availability and accessibility at the individual level were associated with delays using multivariate logistic regression, with a P value of 0.05 to define statistical significance. RESULTS Nearly two-thirds of patients reported a presentation delay (63.3%, 95% confidence interval 59.9-66.6%). A diagnosis delay (36.7%, 95% confidence interval 33.4-40.0%) was also seen among one-third, whereas treatment delays (13.2%, 95% confidence interval 10.8-15.5%) were less common. Low family monthly income (odds ratio 6.3; 95% confidence interval 4.2-9.3) and poor knowledge on breast cancer (odds ratio 2.7; 95% confidence interval 1.8-3.8) were associated with presentation delay. Poor health literacy (odds ratio 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.7) and the need to make more than two visits to the first contact health provider prior to diagnosis (odds ratio 7.2; 95% confidence interval 4.6-11.1) were associated with diagnosis delays, whereas directly contacting an appropriate specialised health provider once the lump was detected reduced diagnosis delay (odds ratio 0.3; 95% confidence interval 0.2-0.4). Having undergone a core biopsy (odds ratio 0.5; 95% confidence interval 0.3-0.8) and having a mammogram (odds ratio 0.6; 95% confidence interval 4.7-32.7) reduced the likelihood of treatment delays. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings show that delays in breast cancer care in Sri Lanka are much lower than those in other lower-middle income countries. However, there is significant room for improvement, especially in relation to the excellence in quality of care, such as improving access to mammography services. Periodical estimation of breast cancer delays enabling temporal comparisons will probably provide useful information to policy makers in improving care delivery for breast cancer patients and, hence, is recommended. Such future assessments designed for comparisons between different treatment modalities would provide more information to assist policy decisions in care improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hewage
- National Cancer Control Programme, Elvitigala Mawatha, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - S Samaraweera
- National Cancer Control Programme, Elvitigala Mawatha, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - N Joseph
- Sri Lanka Cancer Research Group, Maharagama, Sri Lanka
| | - S Kularatna
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - N Gunawardena
- WHO Country Office for Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Traboulssi M, Pidgeon M, Weathers E. My Wife Has Breast Cancer: The Lived Experience of Arab Men. Semin Oncol Nurs 2022; 38:151307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Racine L, Isik Andsoy I. Barriers and Facilitators Influencing Arab Muslim Immigrant and Refugee Women's Breast Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review. J Transcult Nurs 2022; 33:542-549. [PMID: 35473467 PMCID: PMC9240380 DOI: 10.1177/10436596221085301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This narrative review identifies barriers and facilitators influencing breast cancer
screening among Arab Muslim immigrants and refugees. Low participation rates create
health inequities in breast cancer screening among this population. Method: A systematic search of peer-reviewed empirical articles was performed. PRISMA, CASP,
and MMAT checklists were used to appraise the studies. Results: Results include 3 themes: individual, health care system and health providers, and
cultural factors. Discussion: Lack of fluency in the new country’s language, lack of knowledge, and poor exposure to
breast cancer screening may contribute to the Arab Muslim women’s vulnerability to
undiagnosed or delayed breast cancer diagnosis.
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19
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Meskiri A, Al Hosani A, Al Mazrouei N, Behl S. Knowledge of breast cancer and self-diagnostic skills amongst women in the United Arab Emirates. HAMDAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hmj.hmj_88_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Mousa M, Al-Jefout M, Alsafar H, Becker CM, Zondervan KT, Rahmioglu N. Impact of Endometriosis in Women of Arab Ancestry on: Health-Related Quality of Life, Work Productivity, and Diagnostic Delay. Front Glob Womens Health 2021; 2:708410. [PMID: 34816238 PMCID: PMC8593935 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2021.708410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Endometriosis has a negative effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), wellbeing and daily functioning. Endometriosis is an under-researched condition within non-western populations. Cultural representations are needed to understand the relative roles of societal norms, traditional factors, and religious sensitivities on the impact of endometriosis on HRQoL in various populations. In particular, there is a lack of emphasis placed in understanding the association of HRQoL on endometriosis in Arab women. Method: In this prospective case-control study, 2,610 Arab ancestry women in the United Arab Emirates were recruited to investigate the impact of endometriosis on HRQoL, diagnostic delay, psychological co-morbidities, work productivity, and physical activity. Participants completed the following standardized, validated questionnaires: Short Form-36 version 2 questionnaire, the World Endometriosis Research Foundation EPHect minimum clinical questionnaire version, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire. Translations to the Arabic language, validated using the forward-backward translation method, of the questionnaires were utilized. Results: HRQoL scores were significantly impaired in women with endometriosis, as demonstrated in the Physical Composite Scores and Mental Composite Scores in the symptomatic control group (p = 0.001; p = 0.003, respectively) and the asymptomatic control group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). Susceptibility and severity of multiple pain syndromes and infertility in women with endometriosis was the main indicator of lower HRQoL. Anxiety (p = 0.007) and depression (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with endometriosis, in comparison to symptomatic controls. The average diagnostic delay was 11.61 years, however single women experience 15.81 years of diagnosis delay, with approximately 18% (n = 15) of the single women experiencing more than a 20-year delay in diagnosis. The intensity of physical activity was not associated with endometriosis, when compared to symptomatic (p = 0.405) or asymptomatic controls (p = 0.144). Conclusion: For the first time, we provide evidence from a combined hospital, clinic, and population-based study that Arab women with endometriosis experience significant impacts on HRQoL, substantial diagnostic delay after the onset of symptoms, significant association to psychological disorders (anxiety and depression), and a negative impact on work productivity. Future research must focus on understanding the personal and culturally centered beliefs of Arab women to ensure a positive HRQoL trajectory by improving diagnosis and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Mousa
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Endometriosis CaRe Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Moamar Al-Jefout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mutah Medical Faculty, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Christian M. Becker
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Endometriosis CaRe Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Krina T. Zondervan
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Endometriosis CaRe Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nilufer Rahmioglu
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Endometriosis CaRe Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Racine L, Andsoy I, Maposa S, Vatanparast H, Fowler-Kerry S. Examination of Breast Cancer Screening Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs among Syrian Refugee Women in a Western Canadian Province. Can J Nurs Res 2021; 54:177-189. [PMID: 34038264 PMCID: PMC9109584 DOI: 10.1177/08445621211013200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women living in the Arab world present low breast cancer screening rates,
delayed diagnosis, and higher mortality rates. Purpose To further explore the Muslim Syrian refugee women’s breast self-examination
(BSE), utilization of clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study design was used. The sample
consisted of 75 refugee women. Data were collected using Champion’s Health
Belief Model Scale, the Cancer Stigma Scale, and the Arab Culture-Specific
Barriers to Breast Cancer Questionnaire. Descriptive, Pearson correlation
and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results A minority of women had BSE (32%), CBE (12%) and mammograms (6.7%) anytime
during their lifetime. Women’s breast cancer screening (BCS) knowledge
ranked at a medium level (M = 10.57, SD = 0.40). Low knowledge score, BSE
information, policy opposition, responsibility, barriers to BSE, and
seriousness were found to be statistically significant in women’s BSE
practice. BSE benefits and religious beliefs significantly predict CBE Age,
education, knowledge, responsibility, susceptibility, social barriers, and
religious beliefs were statistically significant in women’s mammography use
(p < .01). Conclusions Participants’ breast cancer screening practices were low. Health beliefs,
Arab culture and stigma about cancer affected women’s BCS practices.
Faith-based interventions may improve knowledge and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Racine
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Isil Andsoy
- Department of Nursing, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
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Kharaba Z, Buabeid MA, Ramadan A, Ghemrawi R, Al-Azayzih A, Al Meslamani AZ, Alfoteih Y. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Concerning Breast Cancer and Self Examination Among Females in UAE. J Community Health 2021; 46:942-950. [PMID: 33754294 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-021-00969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and the leading cause of cancer related deaths among women worldwide with a steadily increasing global annual incidence. This study aims is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of females in the UAE toward BC and Breast Self-Examination practice in the seven Emirates. This was a face-to-face questionnaire-based study using CAM (Breast Cancer Awareness Measure) conducted over 3 months (from March to June 2019) on a random sample of females across the UAE. Of the 400 females who filled the questionnaire, 112 (28%) did the CBE at least once, and 184 (46%) practice BSE. Only 33% of participants were aware of the incidence of the BC in the UAE and those females were more likely to practice BSE (P < 0.05). In contrast, the majority showed a high awareness level in identifying cancer as a curable (91.5%) and non-transmittable (87%) disease that can be diagnosed at its earlier stages (93%). Only 11% of the participants identified weight reduction as a way to prevent BC. Knowledge of breast cancer sign/symptoms were good, as 41-87% of respondents were able to identify at least a single sign/symptom. The lack of awareness of BC among females in the UAE is of concern as it leads to low practices of screening and early detection, which ultimately will result in increased morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. Further initiatives should be taken to increase practice, knowledge and awareness on early detection and screening for BC in the UAE community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelal Kharaba
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 112612, UAE. .,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Tyne, UK. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, 112612, UAE.
| | - Manal Ali Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Azza Ramadan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 112612, UAE
| | - Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 112612, UAE
| | - Ahmad Al-Azayzih
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Z Al Meslamani
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 112612, UAE
| | - Yassen Alfoteih
- Department of Dental Surgery, City University College of Ajman, Ajman, UAE
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23
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Abdul-Sater Z, Menassa M, El Achi N, Abdul-Khalek RA, Abu-Sittah G, Mukherji D. Strengthening capacity for cancer research in conflict settings: key informant insights from the Middle East. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 14:1153. [PMID: 33574898 PMCID: PMC7864685 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Management of cancer in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is accompanied by multiple challenges including heterogeneous access to early detection and treatment options and limited implementation of national cancer control plans. Furthermore, protracted armed conflicts across the region have had dramatic effects, including disruption of healthcare systems and the migration of healthcare professionals. Strengthening capacity for cancer research has been identified as a key intervention to correct data poverty, inform policy, manage limited resources and improve health outcomes. Objective The main objective of this study is to gain insights into the landscape, barriers and enablers of cancer training, research and care in the MENA region. Method We utilised purposive sampling to interview 16 key informants from a diverse academic, medical and research background originating from countries affected by conflicts, such as Lebanon, and from active conflict zones including Iraq and Syria. Results The themes that emerged from the interviews focused on the barriers to cancer care, barriers to cancer research and training, strengths and importance of cancer research and training recommendations. The detrimental effect of conflict on cancer provision and research was a cross-cutting sub-theme disrupting cancer care provision and research due to unsafe environments, fragmented facilities, absence of drugs and migration of personnel. When asked about perceived optimal training format for cancer research, most informants recommended a post-graduate, face-to-face training focusing on cancer research methods and concepts. Conclusion This study offers a unique insight into the barriers affecting cancer research and capacity-strengthening priorities from oncologists and researchers working in conflict-affected areas of the MENA region. These data will form the base for future capacity-strengthening initiatives addressing specific regional challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahi Abdul-Sater
- Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marilyne Menassa
- Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nassim El Achi
- Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Deborah Mukherji
- Naef K Basile Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Al-Riyami A, Abdulhadi NN, Al-Azri M. Understanding the Perceptions of Omani Women Regarding Life After a Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021; 20:e360-e367. [PMID: 33414942 PMCID: PMC7757920 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2020.20.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is a rising burden of breast cancer (BC) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), and its sociopsychological impact is a quickly growing health concern in this region. Because understanding cancer patients’ perceptions of life is integral to their treatment, they are also a concern for healthcare providers. This qualitative study, therefore, explored changes in Omani women’s perceptions of life after a BC diagnosis. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with 21 Omani women undergoing treatment for BC at the Oncology Ward of Muscat’s Royal Hospital from March to May 2017. The collected data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results After their cancer diagnosis, the women appeared to pass through three main stages in their coping processes. First, they passed through a stage of severe psychosocial distress and diminishment in personal identity. Next, they evolved strategies for coping based on cultural, religious and family resources. Finally, the women experienced acceptance and submission to the reality of the cancer as God’s will with changes in attitudes and perceptions of the meaning of life. Conclusion A BC diagnosis impacts Omani women severely, affecting their lives dramatically. They adopt coping strategies based on cultural, religious and spiritual beliefs. Healthcare providers need to acknowledge and facilitate women’s spiritual and cultural coping strategies as an integral part of their treatment which holds potential to improve their prognosis. Such strategies should be individualised to suit each woman’s experiences, perceptions and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asya Al-Riyami
- Directorate General of Planning and Studies, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nadia N Abdulhadi
- Directorate General of Planning and Studies, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Azri
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Abu Awwad D, Hossain SZ, Mackey M, Brennan P, Adam S. Women's Breast Cancer Knowledge and Health Communication in the United Arab Emirates. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040495. [PMID: 33218122 PMCID: PMC7711768 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), women’s participation in breast cancer screening is low, and women are commonly diagnosed in advanced stages. This study investigated women’s attitudes towards breast cancer screening, their use of health services in the UAE emirate of Ras Al Khaimah, and their preferred medium for breast cancer information. In this qualitative study, six focus groups were conducted with Emirati (n = 28) and non-Emirati (n = 26) women as Ras Al Khaimah is a highly multi-cultural region. Women were separated into different age groups (25–34, 30–44, 44+) so as to obtain perspectives of young (n = 16), middle (n = 19), and older women (n = 19). The focus group transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Women recognised that any breast change should be checked by a doctor, and that women with symptoms or those at higher risk may need to have breast screening earlier than the recommended starting age. However, participants wanted more information from doctors or other health personnel. Women had observed breast cancer information and campaigns advertisements in multiple media but recommended greater use of social media and WhatsApp to disseminate information. Overall, women had positive attitudes towards breast cancer screening but wanted more breast cancer awareness campaigns year-round and better access to screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Abu Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (D.A.); (M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Syeda Zakia Hossain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (D.A.); (M.M.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9351-9340
| | - Martin Mackey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (D.A.); (M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Patrick Brennan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (D.A.); (M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Shukri Adam
- College of Nursing, Ras Al Khaimah Medical & Health Sciences University, Al Qusaidat, UAE;
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Ng CWQ, Lim JNW, Liu J, Hartman M. Presentation of breast cancer, help seeking behaviour and experience of patients in their cancer journey in Singapore: a qualitative study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1080. [PMID: 33167930 PMCID: PMC7653763 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the presentation, help seeking behaviour for breast cancer in Singapore. Nor was there a study exploring the experience of patients in their breast cancer journey. METHODS A qualitative interview study with thematic analysis, conducted with 36 patients. RESULTS There is no clear pattern of presentation for breast cancer by cancer stage at diagnosis, age and ethnicity in the cancer journey of this group of patients. Patients were diagnosed with early to advanced stages cancer regardless of when they presented or took up treatment in their cancer journey. The reasons patients sought medical attention also did not appear to differ between the stages of cancer diagnosed, ethnic and age. Without setting a measure to define early and late presentation, we found that women shared similar experience in their breast cancer journey, regardless of age, ethnicity and stage of cancer at diagnosis. Poor knowledge of breast cancer (symptoms and causes); few practised regular BSE; denial of symptom; fear of hospitalisation, diagnosis and treatment; worries and stress over financial burden of treatment; misinformation in magazine and online sources; diet; stress; caring responsibility; support network; and use of alternative medicine before and after diagnosis were identified in patients' narratives. Strong social support; fear of being an emotional and financial burden for the family; and financial worries during treatment were also the recurring themes after diagnosis. CONCLUSION A measure of breast cancer presentation - that accounts for the patient's experience in the cancer journey, the time interval and tumour biology - that is meaningful to patients, clinicians and researchers is needed. For research on late and delayed presentation, details on BSE practice - how often, when and was it done correctly - will improve the accuracy of time delay interval. For the public, concerted efforts to improve knowledge of breast cancer, survival and prognosis for early-diagnosed cancer, and the importance of regular and correct technique to perform BSE, are critical and urgent to address the rising breast cancer incidence in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celene W Q Ng
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ride Road, Tower Block, University Surgical Cluster, Level 8, Singapore City, 119228, Singapore
| | - Jennifer N W Lim
- Institure of Health, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, WV1 1LY, Wolverhampton, UK.
| | - Jenny Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Block MD6, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore City, 117597, Singapore
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ride Road, Tower Block, University Surgical Cluster, Level 8, Singapore City, 119228, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Block MD6, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore City, 117597, Singapore
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Salem H, Daher-Nashif S. Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6802. [PMID: 32961850 PMCID: PMC7559584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is associated with social and psychological implications deriving from women's socio-cultural contexts. Examining 74 articles published between 2007 and 2019, this literature/narrative review explores the psychosocial aspects of female breast cancer in the MENA region. It highlights socio-cultural barriers to seeking help and socio-political factors influencing women's experience with the disease. In 17 of 22 Arab countries, common findings emerge which derive from shared cultural values. Findings indicate that women lack knowledge of breast cancer screening (BCS) and breast cancer self-examination (BSE) benefits/techniques due to a lack of physicians' recommendations, fear, embarrassment, cultural beliefs, and a lack of formal and informal support systems. Women in rural areas or with low socioeconomic status further lack access to health services. Women with breast cancer, report low self-esteem due to gender dynamics and a tendency towards fatalism. Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haya Salem
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Suhad Daher-Nashif
- Population Medicine Department, College of Medicine, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Perceived Barriers to Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Iranian Women: A Qualitative Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Iranian women. The early diagnosis of this disease can decrease the mortality rate and promote patient survival. Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the barriers to early detection of breast cancer in Iranian women. Methods: In this qualitative study, which was extracted from a large research project, an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was used, and conventional content analysis was carried out. Twenty-one participants were selected by purposeful sampling (ten health professionals and 11 female patients with breast cancer). Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews from July 2018 to June 2019. Results: The content analysis revealed three major themes related to delay in presentation: individual barriers (limited/lack of knowledge, other life preferences, negative reactions to the disease, and belief in fate), environmental barriers (insufficient social support, inaccurate information sources, and alternative therapy recommendations), and organizational barriers (poor quality of health services, inadequate access to health services, and role of media in informing people). Conclusions: Various perceived barriers, at different levels, play influential roles in the patients’ early detection. Therefore, collaboration between public health professionals, healthcare providers, and policymakers seems necessary for reducing delays in presentation among women.
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Iddrisu M, Aziato L, Dedey F. Psychological and physical effects of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment on young Ghanaian women: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:353. [PMID: 32631279 PMCID: PMC7336427 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young women diagnosed with breast cancer face challenges that interfere with their entire life with psychological and physical effects. METHOD We employed a qualitative exploratory descriptive design, and recruited twelve participants through purposive and snowball sampling methods to conduct 12 face to face individual interviews. A reputable review board in Ghana; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, gave ethical clearance for data collection. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS Three themes emerged from the data; physical effects of breast cancer, effects of treatment on body image, and emotional effects of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The negative effects of treatment incapacitated most of the women and limited their activities of daily living. Some experienced severe bodily weakness and stayed indoors for days. Most participants felt they looked unattractive because they have had a mastectomy done, and used pieces of rags and handkerchiefs as breast prostheses. Those who had hair loss through chemotherapy used different kinds of wigs to cover their baldness. Almost all the participants cried, felt depressed, and became emotionally unstable when they were told their diagnosis. Some denied their diagnoses and displaced their anger on healthcare personnel. A few of them felt they had brought disgrace to their families because breast cancer is perceived, a disgraceful disease. CONCLUSION Young women diagnosed with breast cancer require psychological interventions and physical support from healthcare personnel and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merri Iddrisu
- grid.8652.90000 0004 1937 1485Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lydia Aziato
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Florence Dedey
- grid.8652.90000 0004 1937 1485School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
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Agodirin O, Olatoke S, Rahman G, Olaogun J, Olasehinde O, Katung A, Kolawole O, Ayandipo O, Etonyeaku A, Habeeb O, Adeyeye A, Agboola J, Akande H, Oguntola S, Akanbi O, Fatudimu O. Presentation intervals and the impact of delay on breast cancer progression in a black African population. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:962. [PMID: 32560711 PMCID: PMC7304119 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The help-seeking interval and primary-care interval are points of delays in breast cancer presentation. To inform future intervention targeting early diagnosis of breast cancer, we described the contribution of each interval to the delay and the impact of delay on tumor progression. Method We conducted a multicentered survey from June 2017 to May 2018 hypothesizing that most patients visited the first healthcare provider within 60 days of tumor detection. Inferential statistics were by t-test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon-Signed Rank test at p-value 0.05 or 95% confidence limits. Time-to-event was by survival method. Multivariate analysis was by logistic regression. Results Respondents were females between 24 and 95 years (n = 420). Most respondents visited FHP within 60 days of detecting symptoms (230 (60, 95% CI 53–63). Most had long primary-care (237 of 377 (64 95% CI 59–68) and detection-to-specialist (293 (73% (95% CI 68–77)) intervals. The primary care interval (median 106 days, IQR 13–337) was longer than the help-seeking interval (median 42 days, IQR 7–150) Wilcoxon signed-rank test p = 0.001. There was a strong correlation between the length of primary care interval and the detection-to-specialist interval (r = 0.9, 95% CI 0.88–0.92). Patronizing the hospital, receiving the correct advice, and having a big tumor (> 5 cm) were associated with short intervals. Tumors were detected early, but most became advanced before arriving at the specialist clinic. The difference in tumor size between detection and arriving at a specialist clinic was 5.0 ± 4.9 cm (95% CI 4.0–5.0). The hazard of progressing from early to locally advanced disease was least in the first 30 days (3%). The hazard was 31% in 90 days. Conclusion Most respondents presented early to the first healthcare provider, but most arrived late at a specialist clinic. The primary care interval was longer than the help-seeking interval. Most tumors were early at detection but locally advanced before arriving in a specialist clinic. Interventions aiming to shorten the primary care interval will have the most impact on time to breast cancer presentation for specialist oncology care in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayide Agodirin
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
| | - Samuel Olatoke
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Rahman
- Department of Surgery, University of Cape Coast and Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Julius Olaogun
- Department of Surgery, Ekiti State Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria
| | - Olalekan Olasehinde
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Aba Katung
- Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Center, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oladapo Kolawole
- Department of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Omobolaji Ayandipo
- Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
| | - Amarachukwu Etonyeaku
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ilesha, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Habeeb
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - Ademola Adeyeye
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - John Agboola
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - Halimat Akande
- Department of Radiology, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - Soliu Oguntola
- Department of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Akanbi
- Department of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Fatudimu
- Department of Surgery, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria
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Ahmed SB, Amer S, Hussein A, D. Kampani D, Al Hasham N, M. Assker M, Shawa N, Saleh D, Alfarouk KO. Assessing the Knowledge of Environmental Risk Factors for Cancer among the UAE Population: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17092984. [PMID: 32344867 PMCID: PMC7246594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17092984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide as well as in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Currently, researchers are advocating not only for prevention programs but also for early detection. In this study, we aimed to assess the general awareness of cancer among the UAE population, with a focus on environmental risk factors. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 385 participants. A total of 91.2% of the study population identified cancer as the leading cause of death, while 64.6% of the subjects were able to identify the key causes of cancer. A total of 87.3% and 70.5% of the participants were able to define tobacco and alcohol, respectively, as cancer-causing agents. Most of the study population failed to identify cancer-related infectious agents and incense smoke as carcinogens. Respondents in the medical professions had the highest knowledge score when compared with respondents with a non-medical profession and unemployed participants (p < 0.0005). To fill the gaps in cancer-related knowledge, participants were asked about their preferred method for cancer education, and 83.9% of the participants favored the media as a source of information. Conclusively, our findings indicated a gap in cancer knowledge among UAE residents, which highlights the importance of educational campaigns by health authorities; a follow-up study evaluating the success of educational campaigns is also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrein B.M. Ahmed
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Amer
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Amal Hussein
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Drishti D. Kampani
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Nour Al Hasham
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Mohamed M. Assker
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Nour Shawa
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
| | - Dima Saleh
- College of medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (S.A.); (A.H.); (D.D.K.); (N.A.H.); (M.M.A.); (D.S.)
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Practice and Barriers toward Breast Self-Examination among Palestinian Women in Gaza City, Palestine. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:7484631. [PMID: 32292294 PMCID: PMC7149485 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7484631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast self-examination (BSE) is one of many first-line screening practices aimed at early detection and prevention of fatal outcomes of breast cancer. The present study aimed to identify Palestinian women's practices, awareness, and barriers to BSE. Using descriptive-analytical methods, a previously validated questionnaire was administered to a conveniently selected sample of women. The study was conducted among women who visited primary health clinics (PHCs) in Gaza City. A total of 390 participants who met the selection criteria answered the self-administered questionnaires. We used SPSS version 24.0 to analyze the data. The findings suggest that the practice of BSE among women in Gaza is low, with only 40% of the study participants reporting that they never practiced BSE before, even though 76.7% reported that they were aware of BSE. In general, the main barriers to BSE practices were that participants had wrong perceptions and lacked knowledge about BSE. Others also reported fear of detecting breast cancer as a barrier. The practice of BSE among Palestinian women in the Gaza Strip is low and marred with trivial issues as barriers that could be eliminated with dedicated and extensive educational campaigns in the area.
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El Haidari R, Abbas LA, Nerich V, Anota A. Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer in the Middle East: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030696. [PMID: 32187972 PMCID: PMC7140018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present systematic review was to identify the factors that potentially influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with breast cancer (BC) in the Middle East. Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and Ebscohost databases was conducted to identify all relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to April 2018. The keywords were “Health related quality of life”, “Breast Cancer”, and “Middle East countries”. The Newcastle–Ottawa (NOS) scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Due to the methodological heterogeneity of the identified studies, no statistical pooling of the individual effect estimates was carried out; instead, the results were summarized descriptively. Results: A total of 5668 articles were screened and 33 studies were retained. The vast majority of these studies were cross-sectional and only two were longitudinal prospective studies. Concerning the methodological quality, only 39% were of high quality. Our comprehensive literature review identified several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with HRQoL, including sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors as well as behavioral and psychosocial factors. Conclusion: This study has many implications for clinical practice and may provide a framework for establishing policy interventions to improve HRQoL among women with BC. Healthcare systems in the Middle East are encouraged to develop interventional programs targeting modifiable factors, particularly socio-demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana El Haidari
- Environments and Health doctoral school, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- INSERM (French Institut of Health and Medical Research), EFS BFC (Etablissement français du sang Bourgogne franhce-comté), UMR1098 (Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France; (V.N.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +96-1-7166-2058
| | - Linda Abou Abbas
- Neuroscience research center, Faculty of medical sciences, Lebanese university, 1001 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Virginie Nerich
- INSERM (French Institut of Health and Medical Research), EFS BFC (Etablissement français du sang Bourgogne franhce-comté), UMR1098 (Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France; (V.N.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Amélie Anota
- INSERM (French Institut of Health and Medical Research), EFS BFC (Etablissement français du sang Bourgogne franhce-comté), UMR1098 (Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France; (V.N.); (A.A.)
- Methodology and Quality of Life in Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
- French National Platform Quality of Life and Cancer, 250000 Besançon, France
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AlHarthi FS, Qari A, Edress A, Abedalthagafi M. Familial/inherited cancer syndrome: a focus on the highly consanguineous Arab population. NPJ Genom Med 2020; 5:3. [PMID: 32025336 PMCID: PMC6997177 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-019-0110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of hereditary cancer, which accounts for ~10% of cancer cases worldwide is an important subfield of oncology. Our understanding of hereditary cancers has greatly advanced with recent advances in sequencing technology, but as with any genetic trait, gene frequencies of cancer-associated mutations vary across populations, and most studies that have located hereditary cancer genes have been conducted on European or Asian populations. There is an urgent need to trace hereditary cancer genes across the Arab world. Hereditary disease is particularly prevalent among members of consanguineous populations, and consanguineous marriages are particularly common in the Arab world. There are also cultural and educational idiosyncrasies that differentiate Arab populations from other more thoroughly studied groups with respect to cancer awareness and treatment. Therefore, a review of the literature on hereditary cancers in this understudied population was undertaken. We report that BRCA mutations are not as prevalent among Arab breast cancer patients as they are among other ethnic groups, and therefore, other genes may play a more important role. A wide variety of germline inherited mutations that are associated with cancer are discussed, with particular attention to breast, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, and brain cancers. Finally, we describe the state of the profession of familial cancer genetic counselling in the Arab world, and the clinics and societies dedicated to its advances. We describe the complexities of genetic counselling that are specific to the Arab world. Understanding hereditary cancer is heavily dependent on understanding population-specific variations in cancer-associated gene frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawz S AlHarthi
- 1Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,2Genetics Counselling Division, Saudi Diagnostic Laboratory, King Faisal Specialist Hospital International Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Qari
- 3Medical Genetic Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Edress
- 1Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,2Genetics Counselling Division, Saudi Diagnostic Laboratory, King Faisal Specialist Hospital International Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- 1Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Fearon D, Hughes S, Brearley SG. Experiences of breast cancer in Arab countries. A thematic synthesis. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:313-324. [PMID: 31646417 PMCID: PMC6994422 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally. Its negative effects on a woman's quality of life are related to the individual and socio-cultural factors. This review aimed to identify and synthesise the reported experiences and quality of life of women with breast cancer in Arab countries. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region were searched for articles published from start to March 2019 using PRISMA guidelines. These searches were complimented by citation tracking and hand searching of relevant journals. A thematic synthesis was carried out on the 'findings/results' sections from the identified papers. RESULTS Of 5228 records identified, 19 were included in the review which represented 401 women from 11 Arab countries. All used qualitative methods of data collection to produce rich descriptions of experiences. Thematic synthesis of the extracted data identified three major themes, Perceptions and reactions, Coping or enduring and Changing roles. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a rich description of the reported quality of life and experiences of women with breast cancer in Arab countries. These are influenced by the women's and society's views of cancer, the women's role in society and family, religious faith and the healthcare context and access to treatment choices and information.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fearon
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
- Cairdeas International Palliative Care Trust, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
| | - S Hughes
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - S G Brearley
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Al Maqbali M, Hughes C, Gracey J, Rankin J, Hacker E, Dunwoody L. Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illnesses Therapy-Fatigue in Arabic Cancer Patients. J Pain Symptom Manage 2020; 59:130-138.e2. [PMID: 31647976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) is a measurement system that was developed to assess the health-related quality of life among patients with cancer and other chronic illnesses. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) is a 40-item questionnaire, and it is one of the most frequently used instruments to assess fatigue in cancer populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic FACIT-F among patients diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Following a translated and cross-cultural evaluation procedure of the FACIT-F Arabic version, a cross-sectional and descriptive correlational design was conducted. A total of 369 patients with cancer completed the FACIT-F, which consists of the 27-item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and the 13-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F). The scale was assessed in terms of acceptability, internal consistency, and validity. Construct validity was explored through confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS The FACT-G had acceptable fit in the four-factor model, whereas the FACIT-Fatigue was found to be acceptable for the one-factor model in Arabic patients diagnosed with cancer. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Arabic FACIT-Fatigue was 0.92, whereas the total score for FACT-G was 0.92, which showed good reliability. There was evidence that discriminated validity analysis was generally very good for the FACIT-Fatigue and FACT-G Arabic versions. CONCLUSION The Arabic versions of the FACIT-Fatigue and FACT-G demonstrated good reliability and validity for assessing fatigue and quality of life in patients diagnosed with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al Maqbali
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research , Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK.
| | - Ciara Hughes
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research , Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Jackie Gracey
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research , Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Jane Rankin
- Physiotherapy Department, Cancer Centre , Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Eileen Hacker
- School of Nursing , Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Lynn Dunwoody
- Psychology Research Institute , Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Impact of community-based educational intervention on breast cancer and its screening awareness among Arab women in the United Arab Emirates. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Madkhali NA, Santin O, Noble H, Reid J. Breast health awareness in an Arabic culture: A qualitative exploration. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:1713-1722. [PMID: 30895639 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore breast health awareness and the early diagnosis and detection methods of breast cancer from the perspective of women and primary healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND A high incidence of advanced breast cancer exists in Saudi Arabia, particularly among younger women. This is due to poor awareness of breast cancer and its management, social customs and poor breast health awareness among healthcare providers. DESIGN Qualitative exploratory study. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted in eight states across the Jizan region of Saudi Arabia. Purposive sampling was used to recruit Saudi women (N = 24), general practitioners (N = 20), and nurses (N = 20). Semi-structured interviews were conducted from November 2015-February 2016. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken. RESULTS Overarching themes centred on culture, religion, and resources. Novel key findings from this study confirm that Saudi women require more health education about breast cancer and breast cancer screening. The study has provided important new knowledge in relation to Islamic concept of preserving health, social barriers, cultural taboos, misconceptions, and myths that currently exist surrounding breast cancer in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION This study provides new evidence on the complexity of poor breast health awareness and lack of resources in Saudi Arabia. Additional resources are needed to remove such barriers and provide targeted health education and services. IMPACT This research informs breast cancer service provision for Muslim or Arab women internationally as they share cultural resources or Islamic principles to follow a healthy lifestyle and help promote the uptake of breast cancer screening services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olinda Santin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Helen Noble
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Joanne Reid
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Al-Salam S, Sudhadevi M, Awwad A, Al Bashir M. Trefoil factors peptide-3 is associated with residual invasive breast carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:135. [PMID: 30744593 PMCID: PMC6371459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast carcinoma is the commonest cancer among UAE population and the most common cancer among females. Examination of the 5′ promoter regions of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) gene has identified putative estrogen and progesterone receptor–DNA binding domains as direct response elements to estrogen and progesterone that are linked to breast functions or steroid regulation. The study was designed to determine the role of TFF3 in breast cancer chemoresistance with the aim of establishing TFF3 expression as a biomarker for drug resistance. Methods In total, 133 cases of breast carcinoma treated with neo-adjuvant therapy were collected. Tissue samples from pre-neoadjuvant therapy as well as tissues from post-neo-adjuvant therapy of those cases were collected and stained with immunohistochemistry for TFF3, Bcl2, BAX, cleaved caspase-3, AKT-1, NF kappa B and Ki-67. Results There was increased expression of TFF3 in residual invasive carcinoma cells. There was a significant correlation between the expression of TFF3 in breast carcinoma cells and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.0165). There was significant co-expression of TFF3 with AKT1 (p = 0.0365), BCl2 (p = 0.0152), and NF Kappa-B (p = 0.0243) in breast carcinoma cases with residual carcinoma following neoadjuvant therapy which support the role of TFF3 in chemoresistance. Conclusion The expression of TFF3 is significantly associated with residual breast carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy suggesting its expression is associated with increased resistance to chemotherapy. This is supported by its co-expression with antiapoptotic proteins; BCl2, AKT1 and NF Kappa-B in residual breast carcinoma cells and very low proliferating index and apoptotic bodies in residual tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5316-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Manjusha Sudhadevi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aktham Awwad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tawam Hospital, AlAin, United Arab Emirates
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Perceived barriers to early detection of breast cancer in Wakiso District, Uganda using a socioecological approach. Global Health 2018; 14:9. [PMID: 29361954 PMCID: PMC5781279 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-018-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of breast cancer is known to improve its prognosis. However, women in most low and middle income countries, including Uganda, do not detect it early hence present at an advanced stage. This study investigated the perceived barriers to early detection of breast cancer in Wakiso district, Uganda using a multilevel approach focused through a socioecological framework. METHODS Using qualitative methods, participants were purposively selected to take part in the study. 5 semi-structured interviews were conducted among the community members while two focus groups were conducted amongst women's group and community health workers (CHWs) in Ssisa sub county, Wakiso district. In addition, 7 key informant interviews with health professionals, policy makers and public health researchers were carried out. RESULTS Findings from the study revealed that barriers to early detection of breast cancer are multifaceted and complex, cutting across individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and policy barriers. The major themes that emerged from the study included: knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP); health system and policy constraints; and structural barriers. Prominent barriers associated with KABP were low knowledge, apathy, fear and poor health seeking behaviours. Barriers within the health systems and policy arenas were mostly centred around competing health care burdens within the country, lack of a cancer policy and weak primary health care capacity in Wakiso district. Distance, poverty and limited access to media were identified as the most prominent structural barriers. CONCLUSION Barriers to early detection of breast cancer are complex and go beyond individual behaviours. These barriers interact across multiple levels of influence such as organizational, community and policy. The findings of this study could provide opportunities for investment in multi-level interventions.
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Assaf GN, Holroyd E, Lopez V. Isolation and prayer as means of solace for Arab women with breast cancer: An in-depth interview study. Psychooncology 2017; 26:1888-1893. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Najjar Assaf
- School of Health Services, Clinical Affairs Division; Ambulatory Healthcare Services; Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Violeta Lopez
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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